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Nine Yanas

From Tibetan Buddhist Encyclopedia
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Nine yānas (Tib. ཐེག་པ་དགུ་, Wyl. theg pa dgu) or nine successive vehicles (Tib. ཐེག་པ་རིམ་པ་དགུ་, Wyl. theg pa rim pa dgu) — within the Nyingma tradition, the full spectrum of spiritual paths is divided into nine yanas, a system of practice bringing together all the approaches of the Buddha’s teaching into a single comprehensive path to enlightenment.


When the Buddhist teachings are classified according to their power, they are described as a vehicle (Skt. yana) or a series of hierarchical vehicles, arranged in the manner of the rungs of a ladder. Among these, the specific enumeration of nine vehicles or nine sequences of the vehicle (Skt. navayāna) accords with the standpoint of the rnying ma school, which systematises the Buddhist teachings according to the hierarchy of the three outer or causal vehicles (those of the pious attendants, hermit buddhas and bodhisattvas), those of the three outer classes of tantra (Kriyatantra, Ubhayatantra and Yogatantra), and those of the three inner classes of tantra (Mahayoga, Anuyoga and Atiyoga). GD (from the Glossary to Tibetan Elemental Divination Paintings)


Origin

The nine yanas are referred to in the Kulayaraja Tantra (Kunje Gyalpo) and in the General Sutra of the Gathering of All Intentions (Düpa Do), which is the central scripture of Anuyoga.

Subdivision According to the Three Kayas

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The Nyingma school of Tibetan Buddhism has nine yanas, a list made by combining the first type of three yanas, and adding the six classes of tantras.

It is important to note that there are numerous untranslated portions of the Vima Nyingthig, Gongpa Sangtal, etc. that place the most secret unsurpassed cycle of Menngagde as a totally independent Buddhist vehicle outside the nine yanas.

The Nine Yanas
sutrayana tantrayana
the three outer yanas leading from the origin,
i.e. the three yanas related to the outer vehicle of leading from the origin [of suffering) and the three pitakas of characteristics
the three yanas of vedic asceticism,
i.e. the three yanas related to the inner vehicle of Vedic asceticism and the three outer classes of tantra
the three yanas of powerful transformative methods,
i.e. the three yanas related to the secret vehicle of powerful transformative methods and the three inner classes of tantra
basic vehicle mahayana vajrayana
path of renunciation path of purification path of transformation path of self-liberation
1.
the shravaka yana
ཉན་ཐོས་ཀྱི་ཐེག་པ་
2.
the pratyekabuddha yana
རང་རྒྱལ་གྱི་ཐེག་པ་
3.
the bodhisattva yana
བྱང་ཆུབ་སེམས་དཔའི་ཐེག་པ་
4.
the yana of kriya tantra
བྱ་རྒྱུད་ཀྱི་ཐེག་པ་
5.
the yana of charya tantra
སྤྱོད་རྒྱུད་ཀྱི་ཐེག་པ་
6.
the yana of yoga tantra
རྣལ་འབྱོར་རྒྱུད་ཀྱི་ཐེག་པ་
7.
the yana of mahayoga
རྣལ་འབྱོར་ཆེན་པོའི་ཐེག་པ་
8.
the yana of anuyoga
རྗེས་སུ་རྣལ་འབྱོར་གྱི་ཐེག་པ་
9.
the yana of atiyoga
ཤིན་ཏུ་རྣལ་འབྱོར་གྱི་ཐེག་པ་

Source

Wikipedia:Nine Yanas

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