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UC Irvine Other Recent Work Title ฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀ Chinese-English Dictionary of Ming Government Official Titles Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2bz3v185 Authors Zhang, Ying Xue, Susan Xue, Zhaohui et al. Publication Date 2017-12-30 License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ 4.0 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California 明代職官中英辭典 Chinese-English Dictionary of Ming Government Official Titles 張 穎 Ying Zhang 薛 燕 Susan Xue 薛昭慧 Zhaohui Xue 倪 莉 Li Ni 改版 Revised Edition June 30, 2018 Acknowledgement The compilation of the dictionary is a collaborative effort among Ming scholars and Chinese studies researchers around the world. We very much appreciate the input from so many contributors, who have contributed their expertise and time to the crowd translation project. We owe so much to the following for their valuable time and work: Peter Bol, United States of America Yanrong Chen, United States of America Cathy Chiu, United States of America Yingkun Hou, China Ivy Maria Lim, Singapore Darui Long, United States of America Junjie Luo, United States of America Richard John Lynn, Canada Li Ni, United States of America Thomas Nimick, United States of America Bruce Rusk, Canada Xiaotong Wang, United States of America Wai-ho Wong, Hong Kong Zhaohui Xue, United States of America Susan Xue, United States of America Ding Ye, United States of America Ying Zhang, United States of America We thank Stanford University Press for granting us permission to adopt some of Charles O. Hucker’s translations in his A dictionary of official titles in imperial China, and to the late professor himself. His dictionary provided a foundation for the effective and efficient completion of the project. We are deeply indebted to our four Ming expert consultants for their generous time and expertise and invaluable advice and support: 高壽仙 Shouxian Gao, 北京行政學院 Beijing Administrative College 倪清茂 Thomas Nimick, 美國西點軍校 United States Military Academy (West Point) 何義壯 Martin Heijdra, 普林斯頓大學 Princeton University 馬泰來 Tai-loi Ma,普林斯頓大學 Princeton University We also acknowledge Xiaohe Ma of Harvard Yenching Library for his contribution to the project, during his participation as a project team member in the early stage. Ying Zhang October 1, 2017 2 Explanatory Notes 1. The dictionary includes 3,237 entries. They are Ming government official titles over the dynasty, from the first year of Hongwu (1368 A.D.) to the seventeenth year of Chongzhen (1644 A.D.). 2. The official titles are principally from two sources - (1) manual identification by the project team chiefly from Zhang Tingyu’s “Ming Shi” (History of Ming) , Li Dongyang’s “Da Ming Hui Dian” (Collected Statues of the Ming Dynasty), and Hucker's “A Dictionary of Official Titles in Imperial China”, and (2) text-mining by the CBDB (China Biographical Database) project team of related databases developed by Academia Sinica, the National Central Library of Taiwan, and McGill University. 3. Government official titles that existed only in Southern-Ming or before the Hongwu reign are excluded from the dictionary. To preserve simplicity and integrity, the official titles from auxiliary offices (行在) in Beijing were also omitted, as those offices and official titles essentially functioned the same as their counterparts in the capital. In addition, the two primary sources consulted (Ming Shi and Da Ming Hui Dian) have limited coverage on them. 4. The main body of the dictionary contains official titles from the central government agencies in Beijing and Nanjing, regional and local administrative offices, as well as various levels and ranks of military units. Also included are imperial and court titles, honorary civil and military titles, and office clerk posts. 5. Official title entries are arranged primarily in the order of affiliated bureaucratic offices, from the central to local systems of government. These offices are organized in three tiers. The top tier comprises 11 clusters of government offices: Imperial Family and Royal Court, Central Governing, Central Administration Assistance, Legislation and Censorship, Nanjing Capital, Regional and Local Governance, Horse/Salt Business and Maritime Trade, Central and Capital Militaries, Regional Military and Security Units, and Civil and Military Honorary Titles. Under the second and third tiers are 53 and 181 government agency clusters respectively (see the Table of Content for the complete list). Official titles under the same office cluster are listed in descending order of their ranks and the importance of posts. This hierarchical classification schema for Ming government offices was developed by the project team after consulting important scholarly works listed in the Bibliography, and the Qing and Song Government Office Tree provided by the CBDB team. 6. For clarity consideration, offices included in the Table of Contents are only those government offices that had longer existence over the Ming dynasty. Short-lived offices, which were replaced by or merged with other offices, are displayed only in the main body along with official titles in the offices. 3 7. Each entry starts with an official title in traditional Chinese, followed by its pinyin, English translation, and alternative title names (including abbreviations, colloquial names, and commonly-known names). The notes briefly describe historical changes, if any. The notes also include source references. 8. The representation form for a main entry is normally “the full and formal official title in traditional Chinese (its directly affiliated office), for example, 侍郎(兵部), and 典史(廣積 庫). Note that the office in the brackets is optional and is listed only when the directlyaffiliated office is different from the third tier office. Its pinyin title, however, still follows the regular format, that is office name followed by the official title. With very few exceptions, geographical locations in original office names are omitted for conciseness. 9. While some English translations of official titles are adopted from Hucker’s dictionary, many are contributions from Ming studies or Chinese studies scholars across the world. For improved accuracy and consistency, translation submissions were reviewed and revised as recommended by the Ming expert consultants. For example, almost all zuo (左) and you (右) posts are given standardized literary renditions as left and right. Although throughout the Ming dynasty, a zuo (左) post is always higher than its counterpart you (右) post, the difference between the two makes it difficult to locate precise English word equivalences. 10. Both Chinese dynastic and western Anno Domini calendars were used when denoting name changes in official titles. 11. Specific titles of imperial consorts and concubines, vassal kings (Fan Wang), titular dukes, marquises, and earls are in the appendices. They accompany a list of official and quasiofficial references to those who passed imperial examinations at different levels. Those specific titles are more or less associated with but do not fit precisely into the bureaucratic government system. They are either associated with specific persons or references to various levels of degrees awarded through an imperial examination, a key channel leading to a government position. The entries appear in alphabetical order, with a few exceptions where hierarchical structures are identified (e.g. some consorts and concubines, and those who passed imperial examinations). 12. There are two ways to find an official title: browsing by hierarchical office clusters, and looking up a specific title using the Search function in PDF. 13. With our limited time and expertise, the dictionary may not be inclusive and error-free. The project team welcomes corrections and suggestions from scholars. Please address your correction suggestions to Dr. Ying Zhang at yingz@uci.edu. We will do our best to update the contents, if needed, on a regular basis. 4 Table of Contents Acknowledgement .............................................................................................................................................................................. 2 Explanatory Notes............................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Table of Contents ................................................................................................................................................................................ 5 皇族宮廷類 Imperial Family and Royal Court ............................................................................................................................ 17 帝后門 Emperors and Empresses ............................................................................................. 18 帝 Emperor and Supreme Ruler ............................................................................................ 18 后 Empress ............................................................................................................................ 18 內命婦 Imperial Harem ......................................................................................................... 18 皇太子與東宮門 Heir Apparent and Eastern Palace ................................................................ 20 三師三少 Three Preceptors and Three Juniors ..................................................................... 20 詹事府/院 The Household Administration of the Heir Apparent ......................................... 21 左春坊 The Left Secretariat of the Heir Apparent ................................................................ 21 右春坊 The Right Secretariat of the Heir Apparent .............................................................. 22 司經局 The Editorial Service ................................................................................................ 22 資德院 The School for the Heir Apparent ............................................................................ 22 宗室門 The Imperial Clan......................................................................................................... 25 宗人府 The Imperial Clan Court ........................................................................................... 25 王府長史司 Princely Establishment ..................................................................................... 26 公主府 Princess Establishment ............................................................................................. 30 宦官門 Eunuch Offices ............................................................................................................. 31 司禮監 The Directorate of Ceremonial ................................................................................. 31 內官監 The Directorate of Palace Eunuchs .......................................................................... 32 御用監 The Directorate for Imperial Accouterments............................................................ 33 司設監 The Directorate for Imperial Regalia........................................................................ 34 御馬監 The Directorate of the Imperial Stables .................................................................... 34 5 神宮監 The Directorate for Imperial Temples ...................................................................... 35 尚膳監 The Directorate for Palace Delicacies ...................................................................... 36 尚寶監 The Directorate of Palace Seals ................................................................................ 37 印綬監 The Directorate for Credentials ................................................................................ 38 直殿監 The Directorate for Palace Maintenance .................................................................. 38 尚衣監 The Directorate for Royal Clothing .......................................................................... 39 都知監 The Directorate for Entourage Attendance ............................................................... 40 惜薪司 The Palace Firewood Service ................................................................................... 40 鐘鼓司 The Palace Entertainments Office ............................................................................ 41 寶鈔司 The Palace Toilet Paper Office ................................................................................. 42 混堂司 The Palace Bathhouse............................................................................................... 42 兵仗局 The Palace Armament Bureau .................................................................................. 43 銀作局 The Palace Jewelry Service ...................................................................................... 43 浣衣局 The Palace Laundry Service ..................................................................................... 44 巾帽局 The Palace Caps and Kerchiefs Service ................................................................... 44 鍼工局 The Palace Sewing Service....................................................................................... 45 內織染局 The Palace Weaving and Dyeing Service............................................................. 45 酒醋麺局 The Palace Condiments Service ........................................................................... 46 司苑局 The Palace Garden Service ....................................................................................... 46 御前近侍 Emporor's Eunuch Attendants .............................................................................. 47 外差宦官 Eunuchs on Secondment ....................................................................................... 47 天地壇祠祭署(洪武舊制)The Sacrificial Office at the Altar of Heaven and Earth (the Early Hongwu Reign) ............................................................................................................ 54 神壇署(洪武舊制)Office of Altar Warden (the Early Hongwu Reign) .......................... 54 皇陵署(洪武舊制)Office of Imperial Mausoleum Management (the Early Hongwu Reign) .................................................................................................................................... 54 內史監(洪武舊制)The Directorate of Palace Attendants (the Early Hongwu Reign) .... 55 內使監(洪武舊制)The Directorate of the Palace Domestic Service (the Early Hongwu Reign) .................................................................................................................................... 55 6 御用監(洪武舊制)The Directorate for Imperial Accouterments (the Early Hongwu Reign) .................................................................................................................................... 56 孝陵神宮監 (洪武舊制)The Directorate for Imperial Temple at Xiaoling Mausoleum (the Early Hongwu Reign)..................................................................................................... 56 神宮內使監 (洪武舊制)The Directorate for Imperial Temples (the Early Hongwu Reign) .................................................................................................................................... 57 尚寶監 (洪武舊制)The Directorate of Palace Seals (the Early Hongwu Reign) ............ 57 尚冠監 (洪武舊制)The Directorate for Royal Headgear (the Early Hongwu Reign) ..... 58 尚衣監 (洪武舊制)The Directorate for Royal Clothing (the Early Hongwu Reign) ...... 58 尚佩監 (洪武舊制)The Directorate for Royal Belt Ornament (the Early Hongwu Reign) ............................................................................................................................................... 58 尚履監 (洪武舊制)The Directorate for Royal Footwear (the Early Hongwu Reign) ..... 58 內倉監(洪武舊制)The Directorate of Palace Granaries (the Early Hongwu Reign) ...... 59 御馬司(洪武舊制)The Office of the Imperial Stables (the Early Hongwu Reign) ......... 59 兵仗司(洪武舊制)The Office of Imperial Armaments (the Early Hongwu Reign) ........ 59 內正司 (洪武舊制)The Office of Eunuch Rectification (the Early Hongwu Reign) ...... 60 繩頑司(洪武舊制)The Office of Eunuch’s Punishment (the Early Hongwu Reign) ...... 60 御藥局(洪武舊制)The Imperial Dispensary (the Early Hongwu Reign) ........................ 60 尚酒局(洪武舊制)The Palace Wine Service (the Early Hongwu Reign) ....................... 61 尚醋局(洪武舊制)The Palace Vinegar Service (the Early Hongwu Reign) ................... 61 尚麵局(洪武舊制)The Palace Flour Service (the Early Hongwu Reign) ....................... 61 尚染局(洪武舊制)The Palace Dyeing Service (the Early Hongwu Reign) .................... 61 皮作局(洪武舊制)The Palace Leatherwork Service (the Early Hongwu Reign)............ 62 顏料局(洪武舊制)The Palace Ornamentation Service (the Early Hongwu Reign) ........ 62 司牧局(洪武舊制)The Palace Animal Farming (the Early Hongwu Reign) .................. 62 司菜局(洪武舊制)The Palace Vegetable Farming (the Early Hongwu Reign) .............. 62 內府寶鈔庫(洪武舊制)The Palace Toilet Paper Vault (the Early Hongwu Reign) ....... 63 內承運庫(洪武舊制)The Palace Treasury (the Early Hongwu Reign) ........................... 63 司錀庫(洪武舊制)The Imperial Depository (the Early Hongwu Reign) ........................ 63 7 內府供用庫(洪武舊制)The Inner Court Supplies Depot (the Early Hongwu Reign) .... 63 內府庫(洪武舊制)The Palace Treasury (the Early Hongwu Reign) ............................... 64 廣積庫(洪武舊制)Imperial Storehouse of Extended Accumulation (the Early Hongwu Reign) .................................................................................................................................... 64 內府倉(洪武舊制)The Palace Granary (the Early Hongwu Reign) ................................ 64 皇門官(洪武舊制)Eunuch Officials in Charge of Imperial Gates (the Early Hongwu Reign) .................................................................................................................................... 64 春宮門官(洪武舊制)Eunuch Official in Charge of Eastern Palace Gates (the Early Hongwu Reign) ..................................................................................................................... 65 各門官(洪武舊制)Eunuch Officials in Charge of the Forbidden City Gates (the Early Hongwu Reign) ..................................................................................................................... 65 東宮官(洪武舊制)Eunuch Officials in the Household of the Heir Apparent (the Early Hongwu Reign) ..................................................................................................................... 65 王府官(洪武舊制)Eunuch Officials at a Princely Establishment (the Early Hongwu Reign) .................................................................................................................................... 66 女官門 Palace Women .............................................................................................................. 67 尚宮局 The General Palace Service ...................................................................................... 67 尚儀局 The Imperial Ceremonial Service ............................................................................. 68 尚服局 The Imperial Wardrobe Service ............................................................................... 69 尚食局 The Imperial Food Service ....................................................................................... 70 尚寢局 The Imperial Housekeeping Service......................................................................... 71 尚功局 The Palace Workshop Service .................................................................................. 72 宮正司 The Palace Surveillance............................................................................................ 72 中央中樞官署類 The Central Government ................................................................................................................................... 74 公師門 The Three Dukes and Three Solitaries ......................................................................... 75 內閣門 The Grand Secretariat................................................................................................... 76 中書省門 The Central Secretariat ............................................................................................. 78 左司 The Left Office ............................................................................................................. 79 右司 The Right Office ........................................................................................................... 79 參議府 The Advisory Office ................................................................................................. 80 8 都鎮撫司 The Chief Prison ................................................................................................... 80 考功所 The Office of Personnel Evaluation ......................................................................... 80 六部門 Six Ministries ............................................................................................................... 81 吏部 The Ministry of Personnel ............................................................................................ 81 戶部 The Ministry of Revenue .............................................................................................. 84 禮部 The Ministry of Rites.................................................................................................... 94 兵部 The Ministry of War ..................................................................................................... 98 刑部 The Ministry of Justice ............................................................................................... 102 工部 The Ministry of Works ............................................................................................... 106 行部 Auxiliary Ministry in Beijing ..................................................................................... 113 中央輔佐官署類 Central Administration Assistance ............................................................................................................... 116 秘書門 Secretary Offices ........................................................................................................ 117 通政使司 The Office of Transmission ................................................................................ 117 尚寶司 The Seals Office ..................................................................................................... 118 翰林院 The Hanlin Academy .............................................................................................. 118 中書科 The Central Drafting Office ................................................................................... 121 六科門 The Six Offices of Scrutiny ........................................................................................ 123 吏科 The Office of Scrutiny for Personnel ......................................................................... 123 戶科 The Office of Scrutiny for Revenue ........................................................................... 123 禮科 The Office of Scrutiny for Rites ................................................................................. 124 兵科 The Office of Scrutiny for War .................................................................................. 124 刑科 The Office of Scrutiny for Justice .............................................................................. 125 工科 The Office of Scrutiny for Works............................................................................... 126 六科 Consolidated Six Offices of Scrutiny (1368-1373) .................................................... 126 寺監門 Courts and Directorates .............................................................................................. 128 國子監 The Directorate of Education ................................................................................. 128 太常寺 The Court of Imperial Sacrifices ............................................................................ 130 光祿寺 The Court of Imperial Entertainments .................................................................... 132 9 太僕寺 The Court of the Imperial Stud ............................................................................... 135 鴻臚寺 The Court of State Ceremonial ............................................................................... 136 欽天監 The Directorate of Astronomy ................................................................................ 138 太醫院 The Imperial Academy of Medicine ....................................................................... 142 上林苑監 The Directorate of Imperial Parks ...................................................................... 144 僧道官門 Buddhist and Daoist Registries .............................................................................. 146 僧錄司 The Central Buddhist Registry ............................................................................... 146 道錄司 The Central Taoist Registry .................................................................................... 146 司法監察機構類 Legislation and Censorship ............................................................................................................................ 148 監察門 Censorship .................................................................................................................. 149 都察院 The Censorate ........................................................................................................ 149 總督巡撫官 Supreme Commanders and Grand Coordinators ............................................ 153 京畿都漕運司 The Transport Office in the Metropolitan Region ...................................... 158 司法門 Legislation .................................................................................................................. 159 大理寺 The Court of Judicial Review ................................................................................. 159 審刑司 The Punishment Reviewing Office......................................................................... 160 磨勘司 The Office of Judicial Review ................................................................................ 160 京衛京營與中央軍事官署類 Central and Capital Militaries ................................................................................................... 161 大都督府門 The Chief Military Commissions ....................................................................... 162 中軍都督府 The Chief Military Commission of the Center ............................................... 162 左軍都督府 The Chief Military Commission of the Left ................................................... 163 右軍都督府 The Chief Military Commission of the Right................................................. 163 前軍都督府 The Chief Military Commission of the Front ................................................. 164 後軍都督府 The Chief Military Commission of the Rear .................................................. 165 五城兵馬指揮司門 Wardens' Offices of the Five Wards ...................................................... 167 中兵馬指揮司 The Center Warden's Office ....................................................................... 167 東城兵馬指揮司 The East Warden's Office ....................................................................... 167 西城兵馬指揮司 The West Warden's Office...................................................................... 167 10 南城兵馬指揮司 The South Warden's Office .................................................................... 168 北城兵馬指揮司 The North Warden's Office .................................................................... 168 京營門 Military Training Units in the Capital ........................................................................ 170 京營 Capital Training Divisions.......................................................................................... 170 五軍營 The Five Training Divisions ................................................................................... 170 神樞營 The Training Division of Divine Pivot ................................................................... 171 神機營 The Training Division of Divine Engine ................................................................ 172 京衛門 Military Guards of the Capital City............................................................................ 176 京衛 Capital Military Guards .............................................................................................. 176 錦衣衛 Imperial Bodyguard ................................................................................................ 178 南京官署類 The Auxiliary Capital in Nanjing............................................................................................................................ 180 南京皇族門 Imperial Family and Royal Court in Nanjing..................................................... 181 南京宗人府 The Nanjing Court of the Imperial Clan ......................................................... 181 南京詹事府 The Household Administration of the Heir Apparent in Nanjing .................. 181 南京六部門 The Six Ministries in Nanjing ............................................................................ 182 南京吏部 The Nanjing Ministry of Personnel .................................................................... 182 南京戶部 The Nanjing Ministry of Revenue ...................................................................... 183 南京禮部 The Nanjing Ministry of Rites ............................................................................ 186 南京兵部 The Nanjing Ministry of War ............................................................................. 187 南京刑部 The Nanjing Ministry of Justice ......................................................................... 188 南京工部 The Nanjing Ministry of Works ......................................................................... 190 南京秘書門 The Administrative Assistance in Nanjing......................................................... 193 南京通政使司 The Nanjing Office of Transmission .......................................................... 193 南京尚寶司 The Seals Office in Nanjing ........................................................................... 193 南京翰林院 The Nanjing Hanlin Academy ........................................................................ 193 南京六科門 The Six Offices of Scrutiny in Nanjing .............................................................. 194 南京吏科 The Office of Scrutiny for Personnel in Nanjing ............................................... 194 南京戶科 The Office of Scrutiny for Revenue in Nanjing ................................................. 194 11 南京禮科 The Office of Scrutiny for Rites in Nanjing ....................................................... 194 南京兵科 The Office of Scrutiny for War in Nanjing ........................................................ 194 南京刑科 The Office of Scrutiny for Justice in Nanjing .................................................... 194 南京工科 The Office of Scrutiny for Works in Nanjing..................................................... 194 南京寺監門 The Courts and Directorates in Nanjing ............................................................ 195 南京國子監 The Nanjing Directorate of Education............................................................ 195 南京太常寺 The Nanjing Court of Imperial Sacrifices ...................................................... 195 南京光祿寺 The Nanjing Court of Imperial Entertainments .............................................. 196 南京太僕寺 The Nanjing Court of the Imperial Stud ......................................................... 197 南京鴻臚寺 The Nanjing Court of State Ceremonial ......................................................... 197 南京欽天監 The Nanjing Directorate of Astronomy .......................................................... 198 南京太醫院 The Nanjing Imperial Academy of Medicine ................................................. 198 南京僧道官門 Buddhist and Daoist Registries in Nanjing .................................................... 199 南京僧錄司 The Nanjing Buddhist Registry ...................................................................... 199 南京道錄司 The Nanjing Taoist Registry........................................................................... 199 南京司法監察門 The Legislation and Censorship in Nanjing ............................................... 200 南京都察院 The Nanjing Censorate ................................................................................... 200 南京大理寺 The Court of Judicial Review in Nanjing ....................................................... 200 南京軍事官署門 Military Units in Nanjing ........................................................................... 202 南京守備 The Nanjing Military Command ........................................................................ 202 南京五軍都督府 The Five Chief Military Commissions in Nanjing ................................. 202 南京衞指揮使司 The Guard Military Command in Nanjing ............................................. 204 南京錦衣衛 The Nanjing Imperial Bodyguard ................................................................... 204 南京各衛 The Nanjing Guards............................................................................................ 205 南京京衛武學 The Nanjing Capital Guard Military School .............................................. 205 南京五城兵馬司 The Five City Wardens Offices in Nanjing ............................................ 205 牧鹽舶政類 Horse/Salt Business and Maritime Trade .......................................................................................................... 207 鹽課鹽運門 Salt Business ...................................................................................................... 208 12 都轉鹽運使司 Salt Distribution Commissions ................................................................... 208 鹽課提舉司 Salt Distribution Supervisorates ..................................................................... 209 煎鹽提舉司 Salt Boiling Supervisorates ............................................................................ 210 市舶司門 Maritime Trade ....................................................................................................... 211 市舶提舉司 Maritime Trade Supervisorates ...................................................................... 211 馬政門 Horse Management .................................................................................................... 212 行太僕寺 Branch Courts of the Imperial Stud .................................................................... 212 苑馬寺 Pasturage Offices .................................................................................................... 212 茶馬司 Tea and Horse Trading Offices .............................................................................. 212 地方官署類 Regional and Local Governance ........................................................................................................................... 214 京府門 Superior Prefectural Governance ............................................................................... 215 順天府 Shuntian Superior Prefecture .................................................................................. 215 應天府 Yingtian Superior Prefecture .................................................................................. 217 省官門 Provincial Governance ............................................................................................... 220 承宣布政使司 Provincial Administration Commission ..................................................... 220 行中書省 Branch Secretariat............................................................................................... 221 提刑按察使司 Provincial Surveillance Commission.......................................................... 223 各道 Circuits........................................................................................................................ 224 府官門 Prefectural Governance .............................................................................................. 227 府官 Prefectural Officers..................................................................................................... 227 州官門 Sub-prefectural Governance ....................................................................................... 229 州官 Sub-prefectural Officers ............................................................................................. 229 縣官門 District Governance.................................................................................................... 231 縣官 District Officers .......................................................................................................... 231 基層官署門 Community Governance .................................................................................... 232 地方軍事與治安機構類 Regional and Local Military Units .................................................................................................... 233 地區軍官門 Regional Military Officials ................................................................................ 234 通用軍官 Generic Military Official Titles .......................................................................... 234 13 薊州軍官 Military Officials in the Jizhou Region .............................................................. 235 昌平軍官 Military Officials in the Changping Region ....................................................... 236 遼東軍官 Military Officials in the Liaodong Region ......................................................... 237 保定軍官 Military Officials in the Baoding Region ........................................................... 237 宣府軍官 Military Officials in the Xuanfu Region............................................................. 238 大同軍官 Military Officials in the Datong Region ............................................................. 239 山西軍官 Military Officials in the Shanxi Region ............................................................. 239 延綏軍官 Military Officials in the Yansui Region ............................................................. 240 寧夏軍官 Military Officials in the Ningxia Region............................................................ 240 甘肅軍官 Military Officials in the Gansu Region .............................................................. 241 陝西軍官 Military Officials in the Shaanxi Region ............................................................ 242 四川軍官 Military Officials in the Sichuan Region............................................................ 242 雲南軍官 Military Officials in the Yunnan Region ............................................................ 243 貴州軍官 Military Officials in the Guizhou Region ........................................................... 243 廣西軍官 Military Officials in the Guangxi Region ........................................................... 244 湖廣軍官 Military Officials in the Huguang Region .......................................................... 244 廣東軍官 Military Officials in the Guangdong Region ...................................................... 244 南直隸軍官 Military Officials in the Southern Metropolitan Region ................................ 245 浙江軍官 Military Officials in the Zhejiang Region .......................................................... 245 江西軍官 Military Officials in the Jiangxi Region ............................................................. 246 福建軍官 Military Officials in the Fujian Region .............................................................. 246 山東軍官 Military Officials in the Shandong Region......................................................... 247 河南軍官 Military Officials in the Henan Region .............................................................. 247 漕運軍官 Grain Transport Military Officials ..................................................................... 247 留守司門 The Regency ........................................................................................................... 248 (行)都指揮使司門 (Auxiliary) Regional and Local Military Units ....................................... 249 都指揮使司 The Regional Military Commission ............................................................... 249 行都指揮使司 The Auxiliary Regional Military Commission ........................................... 249 14 衛指揮使司 Guard Military Commands ............................................................................. 250 所指揮使司 Battalion Military Commissions..................................................................... 251 番夷都指揮使司門 Frontier Native Military Units................................................................ 252 番夷都指揮使司 Regional Military Commission of Frontier Natives ............................... 252 番夷衞指揮使司 Guard Command of Frontier Natives ..................................................... 253 招討經略安撫使門 Various Pacification Commissions ........................................................ 254 宣慰使司 Pacification Commission .................................................................................... 254 宣撫司 Pacification Commission ........................................................................................ 254 安撫司 Pacification Commission ........................................................................................ 255 招討司 Pacification Commission ........................................................................................ 255 長官司 Chiefs Office........................................................................................................... 255 蠻夷長官司 Aboriginal Chiefs Office ................................................................................ 255 王府護衞門 Escort Guard of Princely Establishment ............................................................ 257 王府護衞指揮使司 Escort Guard of a Princely Establishment .......................................... 257 王府儀衞司 Ceremonial Guard of a Princely Establishment ............................................. 257 文武散階勛爵類 Honorary Civil and Military Titles ................................................................................................................. 259 勛爵門 Noble Titles ................................................................................................................ 260 外命婦門 Noble Ladies .......................................................................................................... 261 文勛階門 Merit-based Civil Titles ......................................................................................... 262 文散階門 Prestige Civil Titles ................................................................................................ 263 武勛階門 Merit-Based Military Titles.................................................................................... 265 武散階門 Prestige Military Titles ........................................................................................... 266 附錄 Appendixes ............................................................................................................................................................................... 268 表 1:妃嬪 Consorts and Concubines .................................................................................... 268 表 2:藩王 Vassal Kings........................................................................................................ 270 表 3:爵位 Noble Titles ......................................................................................................... 272 表 4:科舉考試類 Official and Candicate Titles for the Imperial Examination ................... 287 主要參考書目 Core Reference Sources ....................................................................................................................................... 290 15 16 皇族宮廷類 Imperial Family and Royal Court 17 帝后門 Emperors and Empresses 帝 Emperor and Supreme Ruler 1 皇帝 huang di Emperor 2 太上皇帝 tai shang huang di Emperor Emeritus alt. 太上皇 tai shang huang 3 監國 jian guo Regent 后 Empress 4 皇后 huang hou Empress 5 太皇太后 tai huang tai hou Grand Empress Dowager 6 皇太后 huang tai hou Empress Dowager alt. 太后 tai hou 內命婦 Imperial Harem 7 太皇太妃 tai huang tai fei Grand Consort Dowager 10 貴妃 gui fei Honored Consort 8 皇太妃 huang tai fei Consort Dowager alt. 太妃 tai fei 11 皇妃 huang fei Imperial Consort 12 9 皇貴妃 huang gui fei Imperial Honored Consort 妃 fei Consort 18 13 嬪 pin Concubine 17 才人 cai ren Talented Lady 14 昭儀 zhao yi Lady of Bright Deportment 18 貴人 gui ren Worthy Lady 15 婕妤 jie yu Lady of Handsome Fairness 19 選侍 xuan shi Chosen Attendant 16 美人 mei ren Beautiful Lady 20 淑女 shu nv Lady 19 皇太子與東宮門 Heir Apparent and Eastern Palace 21 皇太子 huang tai zi Heir Apparent 24 皇太孫 huang tai sun Imperial Grandson-heir 22 皇太子妃 huang tai zi fei Consort of the Heir Apparent 25 皇太孫妃 huang tai sun fei Consort of the Imperial Grandson-heir 23 皇太子嬪 huang tai zi pin Concubine of the Heir Apparent 26 皇太孫嬪 huang tai sun pin Concubine of the Imperial Grandsonheir 三師三少 Three Preceptors and Three Juniors 27 太子三師 tai zi san shi Three Preceptors of the Heir Apparent alt. 東宮三師 dong gong san shi 28 29 30 31 太子三少 tai zi san shao Three Junior Counselors of the Heir Apparent alt. 東宮三少 dong gong san shao 太子太師 tai zi tai shi Grand Preceptor of the Heir Apparent 32 太子少師 tai zi shao shi Junior Preceptor of the Heir Apparent 太子太傅 tai zi tai fu Grand Mentor of the Heir Apparent 33 太子少傅 tai zi shao fu Junior Mentor of the Heir Apparent 太子太保 tai zi tai bao Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent 34 太子少保 tai zi shao bao Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent 20 詹事府/院 The Household Administration of the Heir Apparent 詹事院 zhan shi yuan was established in Hongwu 22 (1389), and replaced with 詹事府 zhan shi fu in Hongwu 25 (1392), per Ming shi, juan 73 35 詹事 zhan shi Supervisor 38 主簿(主簿廳) zhu bu ting zhu bu Recorder in the Recorder's Office 36 少詹事 shao zhan shi Junior Supervisor 39 錄事(主簿廳) zhu bu ting lu shi Manager of the Recorder's Office 37 府丞 fu cheng Assistant Supervisor alt. 詹事府丞 zhan shi fu cheng 40 通事舍人(主簿廳) zhu bu ting tong shi she ren Secretarial Receptionist in the Recorder's Office 左春坊 The Left Secretariat of the Heir Apparent 41 42 43 44 大學士 da xue shi Grand Academician alt. 春坊大學士 chun fang da xue shi alt. 左春坊中允 zuo chun fang zhong yun; 春坊中允 chun fang zhong yun 45 左贊善 zuo zan shan Left Admonisher 46 左司直郎 zuo si zhi lang Left Rectifier 47 左清紀郎 zuo qing ji lang Left Recorder of Misdeeds 48 左司諫 zuo si jian Left Remonstrator 左庶子 zuo shu zi Left Mentor 左諭德 zuo yu de Left Adviser alt. 左春坊諭德 zuo chun fang yu de; 春坊諭德 chun fang yu de 左中允 zuo zhong yun Left Companion 21 右春坊 The Right Secretariat of the Heir Apparent 49 大學士 da xue shi Grand Academician alt. 春坊大學士 chun fang da xue shi 50 右庶子 you shu zi Right Mentor 51 右諭德 you yu de Right Adviser alt. 右春坊諭德 you chun fang yu de; 春坊諭德 chun fang yu de 52 alt. 右春坊中允 you chun fang zhong yun; 春坊中允 chun fang zhong yun 右中允 you zhong yun Right Companion 53 右贊善 you zan shan Right Admonisher 54 右司直郎 you si zhi lang Right Rectifier 55 右清紀郎 you qing ji lang Right Recorder of Misdeeds 56 右司諫 you si jian Right Remonstrator 司經局 The Editorial Service 57 58 洗馬 xi ma Librarian 59 正字 zheng zi Proofreader 校書 jiao shu Editing Clerk 資德院 The School for the Heir Apparent 60 資德 zi de Assister toward Virtue 63 贊書 zan shu Calligraphy Assistant 61 資善 zi shan Assister toward Goodness 64 著作郎 zhu zuo lang Editorial Director 62 贊讀 zan du Reading Assistant 65 典籍 dian ji Archivist 22 洪武初東宮官 Eastern Palace Officials in Early Ming Early Hongwu - Hongwu 15 (1382) 66 太子賓客 tai zi bin ke Adviser to the Heir Apparent 67 左詹事 zuo zhan shi Left Supervisor of the Household 68 69 75 右率府副使 you shuai fu fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Right Guard Command 右詹事 you zhan shi Right Supervisor of the Household 76 同知詹事院事 tong zhi zhan shi yuan shi Associate Administrator of the Household 同知左率府事 tong zhi zuo shuai fu shi Assistant Commissioner of the Left Guard Command 77 同知右率府事 tong zhi you shuai fu shi Assistant Commissioner of the Right Guard Command 78 太子贊善大夫 tai zi zan shan da fu Grand Master Admonisher for the Heir Apparent alt. 贊善大夫 zan shan da fu 79 太子文學 tai zi wen xue Instructor for the Heir Apparent alt. 文學 wen xue; 東宮文學 dong gong wen xue 80 太子中舍 tai zi zhong she Secretary for the Heir Apparent alt. 中舍 zhong she 81 太子正字 tai zi zheng zi Proofreader for the Heir Apparent 70 副詹事 fu zhan shi Vice Supervisor of the Household 71 詹事丞 zhan shi cheng Aide in the Household Administration 72 左率府使 zuo shuai fu shi Commissioner of the Left Guard Command alt. 太子左率府使 tai zi zuo shuai fu shi 73 74 Vice Commissioner of the Left Guard Command 右率府使 you shuai fu shi Commissioner of the Right Guard Command alt. 太子右率府使 tai zi you shuai fu shi 左率府副使 zuo shuai fu fu shi 23 alt. 正字 zheng zi; 東宮正字 dong gong zheng zi 82 太子侍正 tai zi shi zheng Attendant-in-chief for the Heir Apparent alt. 侍正 shi zheng 83 太子洗馬 tai zi xi ma Librarian in the Eastern Palace alt. 洗馬 xi ma; 東宮洗馬 dong gong xi ma 84 alt. 庶子 shu zi; 東宮庶子 dong gong shu zi 太子庶子 tai zi shu zi Mentor of the Heir Apparent 24 85 伴讀 ban du Reader-companion for the Heir Apparent 86 贊讀 zan du Reading Assistant for the Heir Apparent alt. 東宮贊讀 dong gong zan du 87 侍班講讀官 shi ban jiang du guan Expositor-in-waiting and Reader-inwaiting for the Heir Apparent 宗室門 The Imperial Clan 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 親王 qin wang Imperial Prince 97 公主 gong zhu Princess 王妃 wang fei Princely Consort 98 王世子 wang shi zi Princely Heir alt. 世子 shi zi 駙馬都尉 fu ma du wei Commandant-escort alt. 駙馬 fu ma 99 郡主 jun zhu Commandery Princess 世子妃 shi zi fei Consort of a Princely Heir 100 縣主 xian zhu Daughter of a Commandery Princess 郡王 jun wang Commandery Prince 101 郡君 jun jun Commandery Mistress 郡王世子 jun wang shi zi Heir of a Commandery Prince 102 縣君 xian jun District Mistress 世孫 shi sun Grandson-heir 103 鄉君 xiang jun Township Mistress 大長公主 da zhang gong zhu Princess Supreme 104 儀賓 yi bin Ceremonial Companion 長公主 zhang gong zhu Grand Princess 宗人府 The Imperial Clan Court 105 宗人令 zong ren ling Director 107 右宗正 you zong zheng Right Associate Director 106 左宗正 zuo zong zheng Left Associate Director 108 左宗人 zuo zong ren 25 Left Assistant Director 110 經歷(經歷司) jing li si jing li Registrar of the Registry 109 右宗人 you zong ren Right Assistant Director 王府長史司 Princely Establishment 111 左長史 zuo zhang shi Left Administrator alt. 王府長史 wang fu zhang shi; 王府 左長史 wang fu zuo zhang shi Abolished in Jiajing 44 (1565) Ming Shi, juan 75 118 奉祠正(奉祠所) feng ci suo feng ci zheng Director of the Sacrificial Office 112 右長史 you zhang shi Right Administrator alt. 王府長史 wang fu zhang shi; 王府 右長史 wang fu you zhang shi 119 奉祠副(奉祠所) feng ci suo feng ci fu Vice Director of the Sacrificial Office Abolished in Jiajing 44 (1565), per Ming Shi, juan 75 113 典簿 dian bu Archivist 120 典樂(奉祠所) feng ci suo dian yue Manager of Music in the Sacrificial Office 114 審理正(審理所) shen li suo shen li zheng Director of the Disciplinary Office 121 典寶正(典寶所) dian bao suo dian bao zheng Director of the Seals Office 115 審理副(審理所) shen li suo shen li fu Vice Director of the Disciplinary Office Abolished in Jiajing 44 (1565), per Ming Shi, juan 75 122 典寶副(典寶所) dian bao suo dian bao fu Vice Director of the Seals Office Abolished in Jiajing 44 (1565), per Ming Shi, juan 75 116 典膳正(典膳所) dian shan suo dian shan zheng Director of the Foods Office 123 紀善(紀善所)ji shan suo ji shan Moral Mentor in the Moral Mentor’s Office 117 典膳副(典膳所) dian shan suo dian shan fu Vice Director of the Foods Office 26 124 良醫正(良醫所) liang yi suo liang yi zheng Director of the Medical Office Secretary-companion for a Prince Established during the Jianwen Reign, per Ming Shi, juan 75 125 良醫副(良醫所) liang yi suo liang yi fu Vice Director of the Medical Office Abolished in Jiajing 44 (1565), per Ming Shi, juan 75 133 賓輔 bin fu Companion for a Prince alt. 親王賓輔 qin wang bin fu Established during the Jianwen Reign, per Ming Shi, juan 75 126 典儀正(典儀所) dian yi suo dian yi zheng Director of the Ceremonies Office 134 教授 jiao shou Instructor alt. 王府教授 wang fu jiao shou 127 典儀副(典儀所) dian yi suo dian yi fu Vice Director of the Ceremonies Office Abolished in Jiajing 44 (1565) Ming Shi, juan 75 135 引禮舍人 yin li she ren Houseman Receptionist 136 倉大使 cang da shi Granary Commissioner 137 倉副使 cang fu shi Granary Vice Commissioner 128 工正(工正所) gong zheng suo gong zheng Foreman of the Construction Office 138 庫大使 ku da shi Storehouse Commissioner 129 工副(工正所) gong zheng suo gong fu Assistant Foreman of the Construction Office Abolished in Jiajing 44 (1565), per Ming Shi, juan 75 139 庫副使 ku fu shi Storehouse Vice Commissioner 140 賓友 bin you Companion to a Commandery Prince alt. 郡王賓友 jun wang bin you Established in a Commandery Princely Establishment during the Jianwen Reign, per Ming Shi, juan 75 130 伴讀 ban du Reader-companion for a Prince 131 伴講 ban jiang Lecturer-companion for a Prince Established during the Jianwen Reign, per Ming Shi, juan 75 141 記室 ji shi Record Keeper in a Commandery Princely Establishment 132 伴書 ban shu 27 Manager of Sacrifices in a Commandery Princely Establishment Established during the Jianwen Reign, per Ming Shi, juan 75 Established during the Jianwen Reign, per Ming Shi, juan 75 142 直史 zhi shi Secretary in a Commandery Princely Establishment Established during the Jianwen Reign, per Ming Shi, juan 75 148 典禮 dian li Manager of Rituals in a Commandery Princely Establishment Established during the Jianwen Reign, per Ming Shi, juan 75 143 左直史 zuo zhi shi Left Secretary in a Commandery Princely Establishment Established during the Jianwen Reign, per Ming Shi, juan 75 149 典饌 dian zhuan Provisioning Officer in a Commandery Princely Establishment Established during the Jianwen Reign, per Ming Shi, juan 75 144 右直史 you zhi shi Right Secretary in a Commandery Princely Establishment Established during the Jianwen Reign, per Ming Shi, juan 75 150 典膳 dian shan Manager of Foods in a Commandery Princely Establishment Established during the Jianwen Reign, per Ming Shi, juan 75 145 吏目 li mu Clerk in a Commandery Princely Establishment Established during the Jianwen Reign, per Ming Shi, juan 75 151 典藥 dian yao Pharmacist in a Commandery Princely Establishment Established during the Jianwen Reign, per Ming Shi, juan 75 146 典印 dian yin Seal Keeper in a Commandery Princely Establishment Established during the Jianwen Reign, per Ming Shi, juan 75 152 典儀 dian yi Manager of Ceremonies in a Commandery Princely Establishment Established during the Jianwen Reign, per Ming Shi, juan 75 147 典祠 dian ci 王相府 Princely Establishments Hongwu 3 (1370) – Hongwu 13 (1380) 153 左相 zuo xiang Left Administrator 28 163 諮議官 zi yi guan Adviser in a Princely Establishment [Hongwu 3 (1370) – Hongwu 9 (1376)] 154 右相 you xiang Right Administrator 155 左傅 zuo fu Left Mentor 164 審理正 shen li zheng Director of Discipline 156 右傅 you fu Right Mentor 165 審理副 shen li fu Vice Director of Discipline 157 文傅 wen fu Civil Mentor [Hongwu 3 (1370) – Hongwu 9 (1376)] 166 典祠正 dian ci zheng Director of Sacrifices 167 典祠副 dian ci fu Vice Director of Sacrifices 158 武傅 wu fu Military Mentor [Hongwu 3 (1370) – Hongwu 9 (1376)] 168 典寶正 dian bao zheng Director of the Seals Office 159 參軍 can jun Adjutant [Hongwu 3 (1370) – Hongwu 9 (1376)] 169 典寶副 dian bao fu Vice Director of the Seals Office 170 典儀正 dian yi zheng Director of Ceremonies 160 錄事 lu shi Office Manager [Hongwu 3 (1370) – Hongwu 9 (1376)] 171 典儀副 dian yi fu Vice Director of Ceremonies 172 典膳正 dian shan zheng Director of Foods 161 紀善 ji shan Moral Mentor alt. 王府紀善 wang fu ji shan 173 典膳副 dian shan fu Vice Director of Foods 162 典籤 dian qian Document Clerk in a Princely Establishment [Hongwu 3 (1370) – Hongwu 9 (1376)] 174 典服正 dian fu zheng Director of Wardrobe 175 典服副 dian fu fu Vice Director of Wardrobe 29 176 工正 gong zheng Construction Foreman 181 牧副 mu fu Pasturage Vice Director 177 工副 gong fu Assistant Construction Foreman 182 引禮舍人 yin li she ren Houseman Receptionist 178 醫正 yi zheng Midical Director 183 伴讀 ban du Reader-companion 179 醫副 yi fu Vice Medical Director 184 侍讀 shi du Reader-in-waiting 180 牧正 mu zheng Pasturage Director 公主府 Princess Establishment 185 家令 jia ling Household Provisioner of the Office of Domestic Affairs Established in Hongwu 7 (1374) , and was replaced with 中使司正 zhong shi si zheng in Hongwu 23 (1390) [Hongwu 7 (1374) - Hongwu 23 (1390)] 188 中使司正 zhong shi si zheng Supervisor of a Princess Establishment Replaced 家令 jia ling in Hongwu 23 (1390) 186 司丞 si cheng Deputy Overseer [Hongwu 7 (1374) - Hongwu 23 (1390)] 189 中使司副 zhong shi si fu Deputy Supervisor of a Princess Establishment [Hongwu 23 (1390) -] 187 錄事 lu shi Office Manager 30 宦官門 Eunuch Offices 司禮監 The Directorate of Ceremonial 190 提督太監 ti du tai jian Eunuch Superintendent 199 掌房(中書房) zhong shu fang zhang fang Eunuch-in-Charge of the Secretariat Office 191 掌印太監 zhang yin tai jian Seal-holding Eunuch Director 200 提督太監(禮儀房) li yi fang ti du tai jian Eunuch Superintendent of the Office of Ceremonial Propriety 192 秉筆太監 bing bi tai jian Eunuch Director of Brush-writing 193 隨堂太監 sui tang tai jian Chief Eunuch Secretary 201 司禮(禮儀房) li yi fang si li Eunuch-in-Charge of Rites in the Office of Ceremonial Propriety 194 掌司(書籍名畫等庫) shu ji ming hua deng ku zhang si Eunuch-in-Charge of Books and Famous Paintings in the Court Library 202 掌印(禮儀房) li yi fang zhang yin Seal-holding Eunuch in the Office of Ceremonial Propriety 195 掌司(內書堂) nei shu tang zhang si Eunuch-in-Charge of the Eunuch School 203 秉筆(禮儀房) li yi fang bing bi Eunuch Wielder of the Brush in the Office of Ceremonial Propriety 196 掌司(六科廊) liu ke lang zhang si Eunuch-in-Charge of the Office of Scrutiny 204 掌司(禮儀房) li yi fang zhang si Eunuch-in-Charge of the Office of Ceremonial Propriety 197 典簿 dian bu Eunuch Archivist 205 寫字(禮儀房) li yi fang xie zi Transcribing Eunuch in the Office of Ceremonial Propriety 198 掌房(文書房) wen shu fang zhang fang Eunuch-in-Charge of the Palace Secretariat 206 管事(禮儀房) li yi fang guan shi Supervising Eunuch in the Office of Ceremonial Propriety 31 207 長隨(禮儀房) li yi fang chang sui Personal Eunuch Attendant in the Office of Ceremonial Propriety 212 右少監 you shao jian Junior Vice Eunuch Director Under the early Hongwu reign 208 掌司(漢經廠)han jing chang zhang si Eunuch-in-Charge of the Palace Buddhist Office 213 左監丞 zuo jian cheng Senior Assistant Eunuch Director Under the early Hongwu reign 214 右監丞 you jian cheng Junior Assistant Eunuch Director Under the early Hongwu reign 209 掌司(番經廠)fan jing chang zhang si Eunuch-in-Charge of the Lamaist Office 215 長隨 chang sui Personal Eunuch Attendant Under the early Hongwu reign 210 太監 tai jian Eunuch Director Under the early Hongwu reign 216 奉御 feng yu Chief Steward Under the early Hongwu reign 211 左少監 zuo shao jian Senior Vice Eunuch Director Under the early Hongwu reign 內官監 The Directorate of Palace Eunuchs 217 掌印太監 zhang yin tai jian Seal-holding Eunuch Director 222 掌司 zhang si Eunuch-in-Charge 218 總理太監 zong li tai jian Eunuch Superintendent 223 寫字 xie zi Transcribing Eunuch 219 管理太監 guan li tai jian Eunuch Manager 224 監工 jian gong Supervising Eunuch 220 僉書太監 qian shu tai jian Chief Eunuch Notary 225 太監 tai jian Eunuch Director Under the early Hongwu reign 221 典簿 dian bu Eunuch Archivist 226 左少監 zuo shao jian 32 Senior Vice Eunuch Director Under the early Hongwu reign Junior Assistant Eunuch Director Under the early Hongwu reign 227 右少監 you shao jian Junior Vice Eunuch Director Under the early Hongwu reign 230 長隨 chang sui Personal Eunuch Attendant Under the early Hongwu reign 228 左監丞 zuo jian cheng Senior Assistant Eunuch Director Under the early Hongwu reign 231 奉御 feng yu Chief Steward Under the early Hongwu reign 229 右監丞 you jian cheng 御用監 The Directorate for Imperial Accouterments 232 掌印太監 zhang yin tai jian Seal-holding Eunuch Director 239 太監 tai jian Eunuch Director Under the early Hongwu reign 233 裡監把總太監 li jian ba zong tai jian Eunuch in charge of Imperial Accouterments inside the Palace 240 左少監 zuo shao jian Senior Vice Eunuch Director Under the early Hongwu reign 234 外監把總太監 wai jian ba zong tai jian Eunuch in charge of Imperial Accouterments outside the Palace 241 右少監 you shao jian Junior Vice Eunuch Director Under the early Hongwu reign 235 典簿 dian bu Eunuch Archivist 242 左監丞 zuo jian cheng Senior Assistant Eunuch Director Under the early Hongwu reign 236 掌司 zhang si Eunuch-in-Charge 243 右監丞 you jian cheng Junior Assistant Eunuch Director Under the early Hongwu reign 237 寫字 xie zi Transcribing Eunuch 244 長隨 chang sui Personal Eunuch Attendant Under the early Hongwu reign 238 監工 jian gong Supervising Eunuch 245 奉御 feng yu 33 Chief Steward Under the early Hongwu reign 司設監 The Directorate for Imperial Regalia 246 掌印太監 zhang yin tai jian Seal-holding Eunuch Director 254 左少監 zuo shao jian Senior Vice Eunuch Director Under the early Hongwu reign 247 管理太監 guan li tai jian Eunuch Manager 255 右少監 you shao jian Junior Vice Eunuch Director Under the early Hongwu reign 248 僉書太監 qian shu tai jian Chief Eunuch Notary 256 左監丞 zuo jian cheng Senior Assistant Eunuch Director Under the early Hongwu reign 249 典簿 dian bu Eunuch Archivist 257 右監丞 you jian cheng Junior Assistant Eunuch Director Under the early Hongwu reign 250 掌司 zhang si Eunuch-in-Charge 251 寫字 xie zi Transcribing Eunuch 258 長隨 chang sui Personal Eunuch Attendant Under the early Hongwu reign 252 監工 jian gong Supervising Eunuch 259 奉御 feng yu Chief Steward Under the early Hongwu reign 253 太監 tai jian Eunuch Director Under the early Hongwu reign 御馬監 The Directorate of the Imperial Stables 260 掌印太監 zhang yin tai jian Seal-holding Eunuch Director 261 監督太監 jian du tai jian Eunuch Supervisor 34 262 提督太監 ti du tai jian Eunuch Superintendent Chief Steward Under the early Hongwu reign 271 監官(騰驤,武驤四衛營) teng xiang, wu xiang si wei ying jian guan Supervising Eunuch in the Court Guard Squads 263 太監 tai jian Eunuch Director Under the early Hongwu reign 264 左少監 zuo shao jian Senior Vice Eunuch Director Under the early Hongwu reign 272 掌司(騰驤,武驤四衛營) teng xiang, wu xiang si wei ying zhang si Eunuch-in-Charge in the Court Guard Squads 265 右少監 you shao jian Junior Vice Eunuch Director Under the early Hongwu reign 273 典簿(騰驤,武驤四衛營) teng xiang, wu xiang si wei ying dian bu Eunuch Archivist in the Court Guard Squads 266 左監丞 zuo jian cheng Senior Assistant Eunuch Director Under the early Hongwu reign 274 寫字(騰驤,武驤四衛營) teng xiang, wu xiang si wei ying xie zi Eunuch Scribe in the Court Guard Squads 267 右監丞 you jian cheng Junior Assistant Eunuch Director Under the early Hongwu reign 275 拏馬(騰驤,武驤四衛營) teng xiang, wu xiang si wei ying na ma Horsekeeper in the Court Guard Squads of the Directorate for Imperial Horses 268 典簿 dian bu Eunuch Archivist Under the early Hongwu reign 269 長隨 chang sui Personal Eunuch Attendant Under the early Hongwu reign 276 象房掌司 xiang fang zhang si Eunuch-in-Charge at the Elephant Studio 270 奉御 feng yu 神宮監 The Directorate for Imperial Temples 277 掌印太監 zhang yin tai jian Seal-holding Eunuch Director 278 僉書太監 qian shu tai jian Chief Eunuch Notary 35 279 掌司太監 zhang si tai jian Eunuch-in-Charge Senior Assistant Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 285 右監丞 you jian cheng Junior Assistant Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 280 管理太監 guan li tai jian Eunuch Manager 281 太監 tai jian Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 286 典簿 dian bu Eunuch Archivist A post under the early Hongwu reign 282 左少監 zuo shao jian Senior Vice Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 287 長隨 chang sui Personal Eunuch Attendant A post under the early Hongwu reign 283 右少監 you shao jian Junior Vice Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 288 奉御 feng yu Chief Steward A post under the early Hongwu reign 284 左監丞 zuo jian cheng 尚膳監 The Directorate for Palace Delicacies 289 掌印太監 zhang yin tai jian Seal-holding Eunuch Director 294 掌司 zhang si Eunuch-in-Charge 290 提督光祿太監 ti du guang lu tai jian Eunuch Superintendent of Imperial Entertainments 295 寫字 xie zi Transcribing Eunuch 296 監工 jian gong Supervising Eunuch 291 總理太監 zong li tai jian Superintendent Eunuch 297 太監 tai jian Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 292 管理太監 guan li tai jian Eunuch Manager 293 僉書太監 qian shu tai jian Chief Eunuch Notary 298 左少監 zuo shao jian Senior Vice Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 36 299 右少監 you shao jian Junior Vice Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 302 典簿 dian bu Eunuch Archivist A post under the early Hongwu reign 300 左監丞 zuo jian cheng Senior Assistant Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 303 長隨 chang sui Personal Eunuch Attendant A post under the early Hongwu reign 301 右監丞 you jian cheng Junior Assistant Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 304 奉御 feng yu Chief Steward A post under the early Hongwu reign 尚寶監 The Directorate of Palace Seals 305 掌印太監 zhang yin tai jian Seal-holding Eunuch Director 311 左監丞 zuo jian cheng Senior Assistant Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 306 僉書太監 qian shu tai jian Chief Eunuch Notary 312 右監丞 you jian cheng Junior Assistant Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 307 掌司 zhang si Eunuch-in-Charge 313 典簿 dian bu Eunuch Archivist A post under the early Hongwu reign 308 太監 tai jian Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 314 長隨 chang sui Personal Eunuch Attendant A post under the early Hongwu reign 309 左少監 zuo shao jian Senior Vice Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 315 奉御 feng yu Chief Steward A post under the early Hongwu reign 310 右少監 you shao jian Junior Vice Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 37 印綬監 The Directorate for Credentials 316 掌印太監 zhang yin tai jian Seal-holding Eunuch Director 322 左監丞 zuo jian cheng Senior Assistant Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 317 僉書太監 qian shu tai jian Chief Eunuch Notary 323 右監丞 you jian cheng Junior Assistant Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 318 掌司 zhang si Eunuch-in-Charge 324 典簿 dian bu Eunuch Archivist A post under the early Hongwu reign 319 太監 tai jian Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 325 長隨 chang sui Personal Eunuch Attendant A post under the early Hongwu reign 320 左少監 zuo shao jian Seni or Vice Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 326 奉御 feng yu Chief Steward A post under the early Hongwu reign 321 右少監 you shao jian Junior Vice Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 直殿監 The Directorate for Palace Maintenance 327 掌印太監 zhang yin tai jian Seal-holding Eunuch Director Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 331 左少監 zuo shao jian Senior Vice Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 328 僉書太監 qian shu tai jian Chief Eunuch Notary 329 掌司 zhang si Eunuch-in-Charge 332 右少監 you shao jian Junior Vice Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 330 太監 tai jian 38 333 左監丞 zuo jian cheng Senior Assistant Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign A post under the early Hongwu reign 336 長隨 chang sui Personal Eunuch Attendant A post under the early Hongwu reign 334 右監丞 you jian cheng Junior Assistant Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 337 奉御 feng yu Chief Steward A post under the early Hongwu reign 335 典簿 dian bu Eunuch Archivist 尚衣監 The Directorate for Royal Clothing 338 掌印太監 zhang yin tai jian Seal-holding Eunuch Director 345 右少監 you shao jian Junior Vice Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 339 管理太監 guan li tai jian Eunuch Manager 346 左監丞 zuo jian cheng Senior Assistant Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 340 僉書太監 qian shu tai jian Chief Eunuch Notary 347 右監丞 you jian cheng Junior Assistant Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 341 掌司 zhang si Eunuch-in-charge 348 典簿 dian bu Eunuch Archivist A post under the early Hongwu reign 342 監工 jian gong Supervising Eunuch 343 太監 tai jian Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 349 長隨 chang sui Personal Eunuch Attendant A post under the early Hongwu reign 344 左少監 zuo shao jian Senior Vice Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 350 奉御 feng yu Chief Steward A post under the early Hongwu reign 39 都知監 The Directorate for Entourage Attendance 351 掌印太監 zhang yin tai jian Seal-holding Eunuch Director 357 左少監 zuo shao jian Senior Vice Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 352 僉書太監 qian shu tai jian Chief Eunuch Notary 358 右少監 you shao jian Junior Vice Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 353 掌司 zhang si Eunuch-in-Charge 359 左監丞 zuo jian cheng Senior Assistant Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 354 長隨 chang sui Personal Eunuch Attendant 360 右監丞 you jian cheng Junior Assistant Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 355 奉御 feng yu Chief Steward 356 太監 tai jian Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 361 典簿 dian bu Eunuch Archivist A post under the early Hongwu reign 惜薪司 The Palace Firewood Service 362 掌印太監 zhang yin tai jian Seal-holding Eunuch Director 366 掌司 zhang si Eunuch-in-Charge 363 總理太監 zong li tai jian Eunuch Superintendent 367 寫字 xie zi Transcribing Eunuch 364 僉書太監 qian shu tai jian Chief Eunuch Notary 368 監工 jian gong Supervising Eunuch 365 掌道 zhang dao Eunuch in Charge of Discipline 369 僉書(外廠) wai chang qian shu Eunuch Notary in the Annex Depot 40 370 監工(外廠) wai chang jian gong Supervising Eunuch in the Annex Depot Supervising Eunuch in the New Southern Depot 377 僉書(新西廠) xin xi chang qian shu Eunuch Notary in the New Western Depot 371 僉書(北廠) bei chang qian shu Eunuch Notary in the Northern Depot 372 監工(北廠) bei chang jian gong Supervising Eunuch in the Northern Depot 378 監工(新西廠) xin xi chang jian gong Supervising Eunuch in the New Western Depot 373 僉書(南廠) nan chang qian shu Eunuch Notary in the Southern Depot 379 司正 si zheng Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 374 監工(南廠) nan chang jian gong Supervising Eunuch in the Southern Depot 380 左司副 zuo si fu Eunuch Vice Director of the Left A post under the early Hongwu reign 375 僉書(新南廠) xin nan chang qian shu Eunuch Notary in the New Southern Depot 381 右司副 you si fu Eunuch Vice Director of the Right A post under the early Hongwu reign 376 監工(新南廠)xin nan chang jian gong 鐘鼓司 The Palace Entertainments Office 382 掌印太監 zhang yin tai jian Seal-holding Eunuch Director 385 學藝官 xue yi guan Eunuch Trainee 383 僉書太監 qian shu tai jian Chief Eunuch Notary 386 司正 si zheng Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 384 司房 si fang Eunuch in Charge of Clerical and Secretarial Work 387 左司副 zuo si fu Eunuch Vice Director of the Left A post under the early Hongwu reign 41 388 右司副 you si fu Eunuch Vice Director of the Right A post under the early Hongwu reign 寶鈔司 The Palace Toilet Paper Office 389 掌印太監 zhang yin tai jian Seal-holding Eunuch Director 393 司正 si zheng Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 390 僉書太監 qian shu tai jian Chief Eunuch Notary 394 左司副 zuo si fu Eunuch Vice Director of the Left A post under the early Hongwu reign 391 管理太監 guan li tai jian Eunuch Manager 395 右司副 you si fu Eunuch Vice Director of the Right A post under the early Hongwu reign 392 監工太監 jian gong tai jian Eunuch Supervisor 混堂司 The Palace Bathhouse 396 掌印太監 zhang yin tai jian Seal-holding Eunuch Director 400 左司副 zuo si fu Eunuch Vice Director of the Left A post under the early Hongwu reign 397 僉書太監 qian shu tai jian Chief Eunuch Notary 401 右司副 you si fu Eunuch Vice Director of the Right A post under the early Hongwu reign 398 監工 jian gong Supervising Eunuch 399 司正 si zheng Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 42 兵仗局 The Palace Armament Bureau 402 掌印太監 zhang yin tai jian Seal-holding Eunuch Director 407 寫字 xie zi Transcribing Eunuch 403 提督軍器庫太監 ti du jun qi ku tai jian Eunuch Superintendent at Arsenal Warehouses 408 監工 jian gong Supervising Eunuch 409 大使 da shi Eunuch Commissioner A post under the early Hongwu reign 404 管理太監 guan li tai jian Eunuch Manager 410 左副使 zuo fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner of the Left A post under the early Hongwu reign 405 僉書太監 qian shu tai jian Chief Eunuch Notary 406 掌司 zhang si Eunuch-in-Charge 411 右副使 you fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner of the Right A post under the early Hongwu reign 銀作局 The Palace Jewelry Service 412 掌印太監 zhang yin tai jian Seal-holding Eunuch Director 417 大使 da shi Eunuch Commissioner A post under the early Hongwu reign 413 管理太監 guan li tai jian Eunuch Manager 418 左副使 zuo fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner of the Left A post under the early Hongwu reign 414 僉書太監 qian shu tai jian Chief Eunuch Notary 419 右副使 you fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner of the Right A post under the early Hongwu reign 415 寫字 xie zi Transcribing Eunuch 416 監工 jian gong Supervising Eunuch 43 浣衣局 The Palace Laundry Service 420 掌印太監 zhang yin tai jian Seal-holding Eunuch Director 424 左副使 zuo fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner of the Left A post under the early Hongwu reign 421 僉書太監 qian shu tai jian Chief Eunuch Notary 425 右副使 you fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner of the Right A post under the early Hongwu reign 422 監工 jian gong Supervising Eunuch 423 大使 da shi Eunuch Commissioner A post under the early Hongwu reign 巾帽局 The Palace Caps and Kerchiefs Service 426 掌印太監 zhang yin tai jian Seal-holding Eunuch Director 432 左副使 zuo fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner of the Left A post under the early Hongwu reign 427 管理太監 guan li tai jian Eunuch Manager 433 右副使 you fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner of the Right A post under the early Hongwu reign 428 僉書太監 qian shu tai jian Chief Eunuch Notary 434 局正 ju zheng Eunuch Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 429 掌司 zhang si Eunuch-in-Charge 430 監工 jian gong Supervising Eunuch 435 局副 ju fu Eunuch Vice Director A post under the early Hongwu reign 431 大使 da shi Eunuch Commissioner A post under the early Hongwu reign 44 鍼工局 The Palace Sewing Service 436 掌印太監 zhang yin tai jian Seal-holding Eunuch Director 441 大使 da shi Eunuch Commissioner A post under the early Hongwu reign 437 管理太監 guan li tai jian Eunuch Manager 442 左副使 zuo fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner of the Left A post under the early Hongwu reign 438 僉書太監 qian shu tai jian Chief Eunuch Notary 443 右副使 you fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner of the Right A post under the early Hongwu reign 439 掌司 zhang si Eunuch-in-Charge 440 監工 jian gong Supervising Eunuch 內織染局 The Palace Weaving and Dyeing Service 444 掌印太監 zhang yin tai jian Seal-holding Eunuch Director 449 大使 da shi Eunuch Commissioner A post under the early Hongwu reign 445 管理太監 guan li tai jian Eunuch Manager 450 左副使 zuo fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner of the Left A post under the early Hongwu reign 446 僉書太監 qian shu tai jian Chief Eunuch Notary 451 右副使 you fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner of the Right A post under the early Hongwu reign 447 掌司 zhang si Eunuch-in-Charge 448 監工 jian gong Supervising Eunuch 45 酒醋麺局 The Palace Condiments Service 452 掌印太監 zhang yin tai jian Seal-holding Eunuch Director 457 大使 da shi Eunuch Commissioner Under the early Hongwu reign 453 管理太監 guan li tai jian Eunuch Manager 458 左副使 zuo fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner of the Left Under the early Hongwu reign 454 僉書太監 qian shu tai jian Chief Eunuch Notary 459 右副使 you fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner of the Right Under the early Hongwu reign 455 掌司 zhang si Eunuch-in-charge 456 監工 jian gong Supervising Eunuch 司苑局 The Palace Garden Service 460 掌印太監 zhang yin tai jian Seal-holding Eunuch Director 465 大使 da shi Eunuch Commissioner A post under the early Hongwu reign 461 管理太監 guan li tai jian Eunuch Manager 466 左副使 zuo fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner of the Left A post under the early Hongwu reign 462 僉書太監 qian shu tai jian Chief Eunuch Notary 467 右副使 you fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner of the Right A post under the early Hongwu reign 463 掌司 zhang si Eunuch-in-Charge 464 監工 jian gong Supervising Eunuch 46 御前近侍 Emporor's Eunuch Attendants 468 乾清宮管事 qian qing gong guan shi Supervising Eunuch at the Palace of Heavenly Purity 475 當差聽事 dang chai ting shi Emperor’s Personal Eunuch Attendant on-Call 469 打卯牌子 da mao pai zi Palace Eunuch in Charge of Check-in 476 拏馬 na ma Horsekeeper 470 御前牌子 yu qian pai zi Emperor’s Personal Eunuch Attendant 477 尚冠 shang guan Eunuch Attendant in Charge of Emperor's Headgear 471 煖殿 nuan dian Palace Eunuch in Charge of Housewarming Gifts 478 尚衣 shang yi Eunuch Attendant of Emperor's Apparel 472 管櫃子 guan gui zi Palace Eunuch Palace Eunuch in Charge of Emperor’s Living Quarters 479 尚履 shang lv Eunuch Attendant Responsible for Emperor's Footware 473 贊禮 zan li Eunuch Assistant of Ceremonials 474 答應長隨 da ying chang sui Emperor’s Eunuch Secretary 外差宦官 Eunuchs on Secondment 480 掌印太監(內府供用庫) nei fu gong yong ku zhang yin tai jian Seal-holding Eunuch Director of the Inner Court Supplies Depot 482 管理(內府供用庫) nei fu gong yong ku guan li Managing Eunuch in the Inner Court Supplies Depot 481 總理(內府供用庫) nei fu gong yong ku zong li Superintendent Eunuch in the Inner Court Supplies Depot 483 掌司(內府供用庫) nei fu gong yong ku zhang si Eunuch-in-Charge in the Inner Court Supplies Depot 47 484 寫字(內府供用庫) nei fu gong yong ku xie zi Transcribing Eunuch in the Inner Court Supplies Depot 493 近侍太監(內承運庫) nei cheng yun ku jin shi tai jian Eunuch Attendant at the Palace Treasury 485 監工(內府供用庫) nei fu gong yong ku jian gong Supervising Eunuch in the Inner Court Supplies Depot 494 僉書太監(內承運庫) nei cheng yun ku qian shu tai jian Chief Eunuch Notary at the Palace Treasury 486 掌印太監(司錀庫) si lun ku zhang yin tai jian Seal-holding Eunuch Director of the Imperial Depository 495 掌司(內承運庫) nei cheng yun ku zhang si Eunuch-in-Charge at the Palace Treasury 487 總理(司錀庫) si lun ku zong li Superintendent Eunuch in the Imperial Depository 496 寫字(內承運庫) nei cheng yun ku xie zi Transcribing Eunuch at the Palace Treasury 488 管理(司錀庫) si lun ku guan li Managing Eunuch in the Imperial Depository 497 監工(內承運庫) nei cheng yun ku jian gong Supervising Eunuch at the Palace Treasury 489 掌司(司錀庫) si lun ku zhang si Eunuch-in-Charge in the Imperial Depository 498 掌庫(甲字庫) jia zi ku zhang ku Eunuch-in-Charge in the Number One Storehouse 490 寫字(司錀庫) si lun ku xie zi Transcribing Eunuch in the Imperial Depository 499 貼庫(甲字庫) jia zi ku tie ku Eunuch Treasurer in the Number One Storehouse 491 監工(司錀庫) si lun ku jian gong Supervising Eunuch in the Imperial Depository 500 僉書(甲字庫) jia zi ku qian shu Eunuch Notary of the Administrative Assistant in the Number One Storehouse 492 掌印太監(內承運庫) nei cheng yun ku zhang yin tai jian Seal-holding Eunuch at the Palace Treasury 501 大使(甲字庫)jia zi ku da shi Eunuch Commissioner of the Number One Storehouse 48 Eunuch Notary of the Administrative Assistant in the Number Three Storehouse A post under the early Hongwu reign 502 副使(甲字庫)jia zi ku fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner of the Number One Storehouse A post under the early Hongwu reign 511 大使(丙字庫)bing zi ku da shi Eunuch Commissioner of the Number Three Storehouse A post under the early Hongwu reign 503 掌庫(乙字庫) yi zi ku zhang ku Eunuch-in-Charge in the Number Two Storehouse 512 副使(丙字庫)bing zi ku fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner of the Number Three Storehouse A post under the early Hongwu reign 504 貼庫(乙字庫) yi zi ku tie ku Eunuch Treasurer in the Number Two Storehouse 513 掌庫(丁字庫) ding zi ku zhang ku Eunuch-in-Charge in the Number Four Storehouse 505 僉書(乙字庫) yi zi ku qian shu Eunuch Notary of the Administrative Assistant in the Number Two Storehouse 514 貼庫(丁字庫) ding zi ku tie ku Eunuch Treasurer in the Number Four Storehouse 506 大使(乙字庫) yi zi ku da shi Eunuch Commissioner of the Number Two Storehouse A post under the early Hongwu reign 515 僉書(丁字庫) ding zi ku qian shu Eunuch Notary of the Administrative Assistant in the Number Four Storehouse 507 副使(乙字庫) yi zi ku fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner of the Number Two Storehouse A post under the early Hongwu reign 516 大使(丁字庫)ding zi ku da shi Eunuch Commissioner of the Number Four Storehouse A post under the early Hongwu reign 508 掌庫(丙字庫) bing zi ku zhang ku Eunuch-in-Charge in the Number Three Storehouse 517 副使(丁字庫)ding zi ku fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner of the Number Four Storehouse A post under the early Hongwu reign 509 貼庫(丙字庫) bing zi ku tie ku Eunuch Treasurer in the Number Three Storehouse 518 掌庫(戊字庫) wu zi ku zhang ku Eunuch-in-Charge in the Number Five Storehouse 510 僉書(丙字庫) bing zi ku qian shu 49 519 貼庫(戊字庫) wu zi ku tie ku Eunuch Treasurer in the Number Five Storehouse 528 僉書(廣盈庫) guang ying ku qian shu Eunuch Notary of the Administrative Assistant in the Extended Abundance Vault 520 僉書(戊字庫) wu zi ku qian shu Eunuch Notary of the Administrative Assistant in the Number Five Storehouse 529 掌庫(廣惠庫) guang hui ku zhang ku Eunuch-in-Charge in the Treasury for the Benevolent Issuance of Paper Money 521 大使(戊字庫)wu zi ku da shi Eunuch Commissioner of the Number Five Storehouse A post under the early Hongwu reign 530 貼庫(廣惠庫) guang hui ku tie ku Eunuch Treasurer in the Treasury for the Benevolent Issuance of Paper Money 522 副使(戊字庫)wu zi ku fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner of the Number Five Storehouse A post under the early Hongwu reign 531 僉書(廣惠庫) guang hui ku qian shu Eunuch Notary in the Treasury for the Benevolent Issuance of Paper Money 523 掌庫(承運庫) cheng yun ku zhang ku Eunuch-in-Charge in the Imperial Treasury 532 掌庫(贓罰庫) zang fa ku zhang ku Eunuch-in-Charge in a Warehouse of Confiscated Property 524 貼庫(承運庫) cheng yun ku tie ku Eunuch Treasurer in the Imperial Treasury 533 貼庫(贓罰庫) zang fa ku tie ku Eunuch Treasurer in a Warehouse of Confiscated Property 525 僉書(承運庫) cheng yun ku qian shu Eunuch Notary of the Administrative Assistant in the Imperial Treasury 534 僉書(贓罰庫) zang fa ku qian shu Eunuch Notary in a Warehouse of Confiscated Property 526 掌庫(廣盈庫) guang ying ku zhang ku Eunuch-in-Charge in the Extended Abundance Vault 535 提督太監(御酒房) yu jiu fang ti du tai jian Superintendent Palace Eunuch of the Imperial Winery 527 貼庫(廣盈庫) guang ying ku tie ku Eunuch Treasurer in the Extended Abundance Vault 536 僉書(御酒房) yu jiu fang qian shu 50 545 僉書(牲口房) sheng kou fang qian shu Eunuch Notary at the Imperial Livestock House Eunuch Notary of the Administrative Assistant in the Imperial Winery 537 提督太監正(御藥房) yu yao fang ti du tai jian zheng Superintendent Palace Eunuch of the Imperial Dispensary 546 掌房(刻漏房) ke lou fang Eunuch-in-Charge of the Imperial Timing Office 538 提督太監副(御藥房) yu yao fang ti du tai jian fu Vice Superintendent Palace Eunuch of the Imperial Dispensary 547 僉書(刻漏房) ke lou fang qian shu Eunuch Notary at the Imperial Timing Office 539 近侍(御藥房) yu yao fang jin shi Eunuch Attendant in the Imperial Dispensary 548 掌房(甜食房) tian shi fang zhang fang Eunuch-in-Charge of the Imperial Bakery 540 醫官(御藥房) yu yao fang yi guan Medical Eunuch in the Imperial Dispensary 549 協同(甜食房) tian shi fang xie tong Eunuch Assistant at the Imperial Bakery 541 提督太監正(御茶房) yu cha fang ti du tai jian zheng Superintendent Eunuch Director of the Imperial Tea House 550 掌房(彈子房) dan zi fang zhang fang Eunuch-in-Charge of the Pelletmaking Office 542 提督太監副(御茶房) yu cha fang ti du tai jian fu Vice Superintendent Eunuch Director of the Imperial Tea House 551 僉書(彈子房) dan zi fang qian shu Eunuch Notary at the Pellet-making Office 543 近侍(御茶房) yu cha fang jin shi Eunuch Attendant in the Imperial Tea House 552 掌印太監(靈臺) ling tai zhang yin tai jian Seal-holding Eunuch Director of the Imperial Terrrace of Spirits 544 提督太監(牲口房) sheng kou fang ti du tai jian Superintendent Eunuch Director of the Imperial Livestock House 553 僉書近侍(靈臺) ling tai qian shu jin shi Eunuch Notary in the Imperial Terrrace of Spirits 51 554 看時近侍(靈臺) ling tai kan shi jin shi Eunuch Timing Attendant in the Imperial Terrrace of Spirits 562 僉書(安民廠) an min chang qian shu Eunuch Notary at the Imperial Artillery-making House alt. 王恭廠僉書 wang gong chang qian shu 555 絛作掌作 tao zuo zhang zuo Eunuch in Charge of Ribbon Sash Making 563 掌印太監(東廠)dong chang zhang yin tai jian Seal-holding Eunuch Director of the Eastern Depot 556 絛作協同 tao zuo xie tong Eunuch Assistant of Ribbon Sash Making 557 掌廠太監(盔甲廠) kui jia chang zhang chang tai jian Eunuch-in-Charge in the Imperial Armor Factory 564 掌班(東廠) dong chang zhang ban Eunuch-in-charge at the Eastern Depot 565 領班(東廠) dong chang ling ban Supervising Eunuch at the Eastern Depot 558 貼廠(盔甲廠) kui jia chang tie chang Assistant Eunuch-in-Charge in the Imperial Armor Factory 566 司房(東廠) dong chang si fang Eunuch in Charge of Clerical and Secretarial Work in the Eastern Depot 559 僉書(盔甲廠) kui jia chang qian shu Eunuch Notary in the Imperial Armor Factory 567 貼刑(東廠) dong chang tie xing Eunuch in Charge of Punishments at the Eastern Depot 560 掌廠太監(安民廠) an min chang zhang chang tai jian Eunuch-in-Charge of the Imperial Artillery-making House alt. 王恭廠掌廠太監 wang gong chang zhang chang tai jian 568 提督西廠太監 ti du xi chang tai jian Eunuch superintendent of the Western Depot 569 提督太監(京營)jing ying ti du tai jian Eunuch Superintendent of a Capital Military Company [Jingtai 1 (1450) -] 561 貼廠(安民廠) an min chang tie chang Assistant Eunuch-in-Charge in the Imperial Artillery-making House alt. 王恭廠貼廠 wang gong chang tie chang 570 坐營太監(京營)jing ying zuo ying tai jian 52 579 蘇州織造太監 suzhou zhi zao tai jian Eunuch Superintendent of Imperial Silk Manufacturing in Suzhou Eunuch on-Duty in a Capital Military Company [Jingtai 1 (1450) -] 571 監槍(京營)jing ying jian qiang Arms-inspecting Eunuch in a Capital Military Company [Jingtai 1 (1450) -] 580 杭州織造太監 hangzhou zhi zao tai jian Eunuch Superintendent of Imperial Silk Manufacturing in Hangzhou 572 掌司(京營)jing ying zhang si Eunuch-in-Charge in a Capital Military Company 581 鎮守太監 zhen shou tai jian Eunuch Grand Defender [Hongxi 1 (1425) - Jiajing 8 (1529)] 573 僉書(京營)jing ying qian shu Eunuch Notary in a Capital Military Company 582 市舶提督太監 shi bo ti du tai jian Eunuch Superintendent of the Maritime Trade Supervisorate alt. 市舶太監 shi bo tai jian; 提舉市舶 太監 ti ju shi bo tai jian 574 南京守備太監 nanjing shou bei tai jian Eunuch Grand Commandant in Nanjing 583 廣東市舶太監 guangdong shi bo tai jian Eunuch Superintendent of the Maritime Trade Supervisorate in Guangdong 575 南京副守備太監 nanjing fu shou bei tai jian Eunuch Vice Grand Commandant in Nanjing 584 福建市舶太監 fujian shi bo tai jian Eunuch Superintendent of the Maritime Trade Supervisorate in Fujian Abolished in Jiajing 1 (1522) 576 天壽山守備太監 tianshoushan shou bei tai jian Eunuch Protector-general of the Mausoleums at the Tianshou Mountain 585 浙江市舶太監 zhejiang shi bo tai jian Eunuch Superintendent of the Maritime Trade Supervisorate in Zhejiang Abolished in Jiajing 1 (1522) 577 提督織造太監 ti du zhi zao tai jian Eunuch Superintendent of Imperial Silk Manufacturing alt. 織造太監 zhi zao tai jian 578 南京織造太監 nanjing zhi zao tai jian Eunuch Superintendent of Imperial Silk Manufacturing in Nanjing 586 倉場監督太監 cang chang jian du tai jian Eunuch Superintendent of the Capital Granaries 53 590 採辦太監 cai ban tai jian Eunuch Commissioner of Acquisitions 587 守陵 shou ling Eunuch Guard at a Mausoleum 591 糧稅太監 liang shui tai jian Eunuch Commissioner of Grain Tax 588 守陵太監 shou ling tai jian Eunuch Protector of the Mausoleum 592 礦關太監 kuang guan tai jian Eunuch Commissioner of Mines and Customs 589 監軍太監 jian jun tai jian Army-inspecting Eunuch Censor 天地壇祠祭署(洪武舊制)The Sacrificial Office at the Altar of Heaven and Earth (the Early Hongwu Reign) 595 司香奉御 si xiang feng yu Eunuch Steward of the Incense Handlers 593 署令 shu ling Eunuch Director 594 署丞 shu cheng Eunuch Vice Director 神壇署(洪武舊制)Office of Altar Warden (the Early Hongwu Reign) 596 署令 shu ling Eunuch Director 597 署丞 shu cheng Eunuch Vice Director 皇陵署(洪武舊制)Office of Imperial Mausoleum Management (the Early Hongwu Reign) 598 署令 shu ling Eunuch Director 599 署丞 shu cheng Eunuch Vice Director 54 內史監(洪武舊制)The Directorate of Palace Attendants (the Early Hongwu Reign) 600 監令 jian ling Eunuch Director 603 內史 nei shi Palace Eunuch Attendant 601 監丞 jian cheng Eunuch Assistant Director 604 典簿 dian bu Eunuch Archivist 602 奉御 feng yu Chief Steward 內使監(洪武舊制)The Directorate of the Palace Domestic Service (the Early Hongwu Reign) 610 尚衣奉御 shang yi feng yu Chief Eunuch in Charge of Royal Apparel alt. 尚衣 shang yi 605 監令 jian ling Eunuch Director 606 監丞 jian cheng Eunuch Assistant Director 611 尚佩奉御 shang pei feng yu Chief Eunuch in Charge of Royal Belt Ornament alt. 尚佩 shang pei 607 典簿 dian bu Eunuch Archivist 608 尚寶奉御 shang bao feng yu Chief Eunuch in Charge of Imperial Seals alt. 尚寶 shang bao 612 尚履奉御 shang lv feng yu Chief Eunuch in Charge of Royal Footwear alt. 尚履 shang lv 609 尚冠奉御 shang guan feng yu Chief Eunuch in Charge of Royal Headgear alt. 尚冠 shang guan 613 尚藥奉御 shang yao feng yu Chief Eunuch in Charge of Royal Medicine alt. 尚藥 shang yao 55 614 紀事奉御 ji shi feng yu Chief Eunuch in Charge of Misdeed Records of Palace Eunuchs alt. 紀事 ji shi 618 太廟司香奉御 tai miao si xiang feng yu Eunuch Steward of the Incense Handlers at the Imperial Ancestral Temple alt. 太廟司香 tai miao si xiang 615 執膳奉御 zhi shan feng yu Chief Eunuch in Charge of Royal Meals alt. 執膳 zhi shan 619 涓潔奉御 juan jie feng yu Chief Eunuch in Charge of Palace Cleaning alt. 涓潔 juan jie 616 司脯奉御 si pu feng yu Chief Eunuch in Charge of Preserved Fruits alt. 司脯 si pu There were in total 60 Chief Eunuchs (from entry 608 to 619 above). Those Chief Eunuchs were dispatched to work in various eunuch direcorates and offices in the palace, per Ming Shi, juan 74. 617 司香奉御 si xiang feng yu Chief Eunuch in Charge of Incense Handlers alt. 司香 si xiang 御用監(洪武舊制)The Directorate for Imperial Accouterments (the Early Hongwu Reign) Replaced by 御用司 yu yong si in Hongwu 2 (1369), and then 供奉司 gong feng si in Hongwu 6 (1375), per Ming Shi, juan 74 620 令 ling 622 司正 si zheng Eunuch Director Eunuch Director 621 丞 cheng Eunuch Vice Director 623 司副 si fu Eunuch Vice Director 孝陵神宮監 (洪武舊制)The Directorate for Imperial Temple at Xiaoling Mausoleum (the Early Hongwu Reign) 56 624 左少監 zuo shao jian Senior Vice Eunuch Director 627 右監丞 you jian cheng Junior Assistant Eunuch Director 625 右少監 you shao jian Junior Vice Eunuch Director 628 典簿 dian bu Eunuch Archivist 626 左監丞 zuo jian cheng Senior Assistant Eunuch Director 神宮內使監 (洪武舊制)The Directorate for Imperial Temples (the Early Hongwu Reign) 629 監令 jian ling Eunuch Director 631 司香奉御 si xiang feng yu Eunuch Steward of the Incense Handlers at Imperial Temples 630 監丞 jian cheng Eunuch Assistant Director 632 典簿 dian bu Eunuch Archivist 尚寶監 (洪武舊制)The Directorate of Palace Seals (the Early Hongwu Reign) 633 監令 jian ling Eunuch Director 636 直殿奉御 zhi dian feng yu Eunuch Steward on Duty 634 監丞 jian cheng Eunuch Assistant Director 637 尚寶兼守殿 shang bao jian shou dian Chief Eunuch in Charge of Imperial Seals and Palace Halls 635 典簿 dian bu Eunuch Archivist 57 尚冠監 (洪武舊制)The Directorate for Royal Headgear (the Early Hongwu Reign) 640 尚冠奉御 shang guan feng yu Eunuch Steward in Charge of Royal Headgear 638 監令 jian ling Eunuch Director 639 監丞 jian cheng Eunuch Assistant Director 尚衣監 (洪武舊制)The Directorate for Royal Clothing (the Early Hongwu Reign) 641 監令 jian ling Eunuch Director 643 尚衣奉御 shang yi feng yu Eunuch Steward in Charge of Royal Apparel 642 監丞 jian cheng Eunuch Assistant Director 尚佩監 (洪武舊制)The Directorate for Royal Belt Ornament (the Early Hongwu Reign) 644 監令 jian ling Eunuch Director 646 尚佩奉御 shang pei feng yu Eunuch Steward in Charge of Royal Belt Ornament 645 監丞 jian cheng Eunuch Assistant Director 尚履監 (洪武舊制)The Directorate for Royal Footwear (the Early Hongwu Reign) 58 647 監令 jian ling Eunuch Director 649 尚履奉御 shang lv feng yu Eunuch Steward in Charge of Royal Footwear 648 監丞 jian cheng Eunuch Assitant Director 650 涓潔奉御 juan jie feng yu Eunuch Steward in Charge of Cleaning 內倉監(洪武舊制)The Directorate of Palace Granaries (the Early Hongwu Reign) 651 令 ling Eunuch Director Replaced by 內府倉大使 nei fu cang da shi in Hongwu 6 (1373) per Ming Shi, juan 74 652 丞 cheng Eunuch Vice Director Replaced by 內府倉副使 nei fu cang fu shi in Hongwu 6 (1373) per Ming Shi, juan 74 御馬司(洪武舊制)The Office of the Imperial Stables (the Early Hongwu Reign) 653 司正 si zheng Eunuch Director 655 御馬奉御 yu ma feng yu Eunuch Steward in Charge of Imperial Stables 654 司副 si fu Eunuch Vice Director 兵仗司(洪武舊制)The Office of Imperial Armaments (the Early Hongwu Reign) 656 司正 si zheng Eunuch Director Eunuch Vice Director 658 鋒利奉御 feng li feng yu Eunuch Steward in Charge of Sharp Handy Tools for the Royal Family 657 司副 si fu 59 Eunuch Steward in Charge of Spears and Halberts 659 被堅奉御 bei jian feng yu Eunuch Steward in Charge of Armor and Shields 661 彎弧奉御 wan hu feng yu Eunuch Steward in Charge of Bows and Arrows 660 執銳奉御 zhi rui feng yu 內正司 (洪武舊制)The Office of Eunuch Rectification (the Early Hongwu Reign) Replaced by 典禮司 dian li si and 典禮紀察司 dian li ji cha si, per Ming Shi, juan 74 662 司正 si zheng Eunuch Director 664 紀事奉御 ji shi feng yu Chief Steward in Charge of Eunuch Misdeed Records 663 司副 si fu Eunuch Vice Director 繩頑司(洪武舊制)The Office of Eunuch’s Punishment (the Early Hongwu Reign) 665 司正 si zheng Eunuch Director 666 司副 si fu Eunuch Vice Director 御藥局(洪武舊制)The Imperial Dispensary (the Early Hongwu Reign) 667 局正 ju zheng Eunuch Director 669 典簿 dian bu Eunuch Archivist 668 局副 ju fu Eunuch Vice Director 670 尚藥奉御 shang yao feng yu Eunuch Steward of Royal Medicine 60 尚酒局(洪武舊制)The Palace Wine Service (the Early Hongwu Reign) 671 局正 ju zheng Eunuch Director 672 局副 ju fu Eunuch Vice Director 尚醋局(洪武舊制)The Palace Vinegar Service (the Early Hongwu Reign) 673 局正 ju zheng Eunuch Director 674 局副 ju fu Eunuch Vice Director 尚麵局(洪武舊制)The Palace Flour Service (the Early Hongwu Reign) 675 局正 ju zheng Eunuch Director 676 局副 ju fu Eunuch Vice Director 尚染局(洪武舊制)The Palace Dyeing Service (the Early Hongwu Reign) 677 局正 ju zheng Eunuch Director 679 典簿 dian bu Eunuch Archivist 678 局副 ju fu Eunuch Vice Director 680 織染奉御 zhi ran feng yu Eunuch Steward in Charge of Dyeing 61 皮作局(洪武舊制)The Palace Leatherwork Service (the Early Hongwu Reign) 682 局副 ju fu Eunuch Vice Director 681 局正 ju zheng Eunuch Director 顏料局(洪武舊制)The Palace Ornamentation Service (the Early Hongwu Reign) 683 局正 ju zheng Eunuch Director 684 局副 ju fu Eunuch Vice Director 司牧局(洪武舊制)The Palace Animal Farming (the Early Hongwu Reign) 685 局正 ju zheng Eunuch Director 686 局副 ju fu Eunuch Vice Director 司菜局(洪武舊制)The Palace Vegetable Farming (the Early Hongwu Reign) 687 局正 ju zheng Eunuch Director 688 局副 ju fu Eunuch Vice Director 62 內府寶鈔庫(洪武舊制)The Palace Toilet Paper Vault (the Early Hongwu Reign) 689 大使 da shi Eunuch Commissioner 690 副使 fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner 內承運庫(洪武舊制)The Palace Treasury (the Early Hongwu Reign) 691 大使 da shi Eunuch Commissioner 693 右副使 you fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner of the Right 692 左副使 zuo fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner of the Left 司錀庫(洪武舊制)The Imperial Depository (the Early Hongwu Reign) 694 大使 da shi Eunuch Commissioner 696 右副使 you fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner of the Right 695 左副使 zuo fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner of the Left 內府供用庫(洪武舊制)The Inner Court Supplies Depot (the Early Hongwu Reign) 697 大使 da shi Eunuch Commissioner 699 右副使 you fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner of the Right 698 左副使 zuo fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner of the Left 63 內府庫(洪武舊制)The Palace Treasury (the Early Hongwu Reign) 700 大使 da shi Eunuch Commissioner 701 副使 fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner 廣積庫(洪武舊制)Imperial Storehouse of Extended Accumulation (the Early Hongwu Reign) 703 副使 fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner 702 大使 da shi Eunuch Commissioner 內府倉(洪武舊制)The Palace Granary (the Early Hongwu Reign) 705 副使 fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner Replaced 內倉監丞 nei cang jian cheng in Hongwu 6 (1373) 704 大使 da shi Eunuch Commissioner Replaced 內倉監令 nei cang jian ling in Hongwu 6 (1373) 皇門官(洪武舊制)Eunuch Officials in Charge of Imperial Gates (the Early Hongwu Reign) Eunuch Vice Director of Imperial Gatekeepers 706 皇門官門正 huang men guan men zheng Eunuch Director of Imperial Gatekeepers 708 皇門使 huang men shi Eunuch Commissioner of Imperial Gatekeeping 707 皇門官門副 huang men guan men fu 64 709 皇門副使 huang men fu shi Eunuch Vice Commissioner of Imperial Gatekeeping 春宮門官(洪武舊制)Eunuch Official in Charge of Eastern Palace Gates (the Early Hongwu Reign) 710 春宮門官正 chun gong men guan zheng Eunuch Director of the Eastern Palace Gates Service 711 春宮門官副 chun gong men guan fu Eunuch Vice Director of the Eastern Palace Gates Service 各門官(洪武舊制)Eunuch Officials in Charge of the Forbidden City Gates (the Early Hongwu Reign) 712 門正 men zheng Eunuch Director of the Forbidden City Gates Service 713 門副 men fu Eunuch Vice Director of the Forbidden City Gates Service 東宮官(洪武舊制)Eunuch Officials in the Household of the Heir Apparent (the Early Hongwu Reign) 714 局郎(典璽局)dian xi ju ju lang Eunuch Director of the Seal-keeping Service 717 局郎(典藥局) dian yao ju ju lang Eunuch Director of the Pharmacy Service 715 局丞(典璽局)dian xi ju ju cheng Eunuch Vice Director of the Sealkeeping Service 718 局丞(典藥局) dian yao ju ju cheng Eunuch Vice Director of the Pharmacy Service 716 紀事奉御(典璽局)dian xi ju ji shi feng yu Chief Eunuch in Charge of Misdeed Records of Eunuchs 719 局郎(典膳局) dian shan ju ju lang Eunuch Director of the Foods Service 65 720 局丞(典膳局) dian shan ju ju cheng Eunuch Vice Director of the Foods Service Eunuch Vice Director of the Military Activity Service 725 局郎(典乘局)dian sheng ju ju lang Eunuch Director of the Horse Chariot Service 721 局郎(典服局) dian fu ju ju lang Eunuch Director of the Clothing Service 726 局丞(典乘局)dian sheng ju ju cheng Eunuch Vice Director of the Horse Chariot Service 722 局丞(典服局) dian fu ju ju cheng Eunuch Vice Director of the Clothing Service 727 局郎(典翰局) dian han ju ju lang Eunuch Director of the Plume-making Service 723 局郎(典兵局)dian bing ju ju lang Eunuch Director of the Military Activity Service 728 局丞(典翰局) dian han ju ju cheng Eunuch Vice Director of the Plumemaking Service 724 局丞(典兵局)dian bing ju ju cheng 王府官(洪武舊制)Eunuch Officials at a Princely Establishment (the Early Hongwu Reign) 729 承奉正(承奉司) cheng feng si cheng feng zheng Chief of the Office of Eunuch Attendants alt. 王府承奉 wang fu cheng feng 732 典寶副(典寶所) dian bao suo dian bao fu Eunuch Vice Director of the Seals Deposit 733 典膳正(典膳所) dian shan suo dian shan zheng Eunuch Director of the Foods Office 730 承奉副(承奉司) cheng feng si cheng feng fu Deputy Chief of the Office of Eunuch Attendants alt. 王府承奉副 wang fu cheng feng fu 734 典膳副(典膳所) dian shan suo dian shan fu Eunuch Vice Director of the Foods Office 731 典寶正(典寶所) dian bao suo dian bao zheng Eunuch Director of the Seals Deposit 66 735 典服正(典服所) dian fu suo dian fu zheng Eunuch Director of the Wardrobe 740 司履(典服所) dian fu suo si lv Eunuch Servant in Charge of Footwear in the Wardrobe Service 736 典服副(典服所) dian fu suo dian fu fu Eunuch Vice Director of the Wardrobe 741 門正 men zheng Eunuch Director of Gatekeepers 742 門副 men fu Eunuch Vice Director of Gatekeepers 737 司冠(典服所) dian fu suo si guan Eunuch Servant in Charge of Headgear in the Wardrobe Service 743 司藥 si yao Eunuch Pharmacist 738 司衣(典服所) dian fu suo si yi Eunuch Servant in Charge of Apparel in the Wardrobe Service 744 司弓矢 si gong shi Eunuch Servant in Charge of Bows and Arrows 739 司配(典服所) dian fu suo si pei Eunuch Servant in Charge of Accessories in the Wardrobe Service 女官門 Palace Women 尚宮局 The General Palace Service 745 尚宮 shang gong Matron Record Keeper in the Records Office 749 女史(司記司) si ji si nv shi Female Scribe in the Records Office 746 司記(司記司) si ji si si ji Directress of the Records Office 750 司言(司言司) si yan si si yan Directress of the Communications Office 747 典記(司記司) si ji si dian ji Recorder Manager in the Records Office 751 典言(司言司) si yan si dian yan 748 掌記(司記司) si ji si zhang ji 67 Communication Manager in the Communications Office 757 女史(司簿司) si bu si nv shi Female Scribe in the Registration Office 752 掌言(司言司) si yan si zhang yan Communicator in the Communications Office 758 司闈(司闈司) si wei si si wei Directress of the Inner Gates Office 753 女史(司言司) si yan si nv shi Female Scribe in the Communications Office 759 典闈(司闈司) si wei si dian wei Manager of the Inner Gates in the Inner Gates Office 754 司簿(司簿司) si bu si si bu Directress of the Registration Office 760 掌闈(司闈司) si wei si zhang wei Gatekeeper in the Inner Gates Office 755 典簿(司簿司) si bu si dian bu Manager of Registration in the Registration Office 761 女史(司闈司) si wei si nv shi Female Scribe in the Inner Gates Office 756 掌簿(司簿司) si bu si zhang bu Registrar in the Registration Office 尚儀局 The Imperial Ceremonial Service 762 尚儀 shang yi Matron Directress of the Music Office 768 典樂(司樂司) si yue si dian yue Manager of Music in the Music Office 763 司籍(司籍司) si ji si si ji Directress of the Library Office 769 掌樂(司樂司) si yue si zhang yue Musician in the Music Office 764 典籍(司籍司) si ji si dian ji Manager of the Library Office 770 女史(司樂司) si yue si nv shi Female Scribe in the Music Office 765 掌籍(司籍司) si ji si zhang ji Librarian in the Palace Library 771 司賓(司賓司) si bin si si bin Directress of the Visitors Office 772 典賓(司賓司) si bin si dian bin Manager of the Visitors Office 766 女史(司籍司)si ji si nv shi Female Scribe in the Library Office 767 司樂(司樂司) si yue si si yue 68 777 掌贊(司贊司) si zan si zhang zan Ritual Receptionist in the Ritual Receptions Office 773 掌賓(司賓司) si bin si zhang bin Hostess in the Visitors Office 774 女史(司賓司) si bin si nv shi Female Scribe in the Visitors Office 778 女史(司贊司) si zan si nv shi Female Scribe in the Ritual Receptions Office 775 司贊(司贊司) si zan si si zan Directress of the Ritual Receptions Office 779 彤史 tong shi Recorder of Imperial Intercourse 776 典贊(司贊司) si zan si dian zan Manager of Ritual Receptions 尚服局 The Imperial Wardrobe Service 780 尚服 shang fu Matron 781 司寶(司寶司) si bao si si bao Directress of the Seals Office 782 典寶(司寶司) si bao si dian bao Manager of Seals in the Seals Office 788 女史(司衣司) si yi si nv shi Female Scribe in the Clothing Office 789 司飾(司飾司) si shi si si shi Directress of the Adornments Office 790 典飾(司飾司) si shi si dian shi Manager of Adornments in the Adornments Office 783 掌寶(司寶司) si bao si zhang bao Seals Keeper in the Seals Office 784 女史(司寶司) si bao si nv shi Female Scribe in the Seals Office 791 掌飾(司飾司) si shi si zhang shi Adornments Maid in the Adornments Office 785 司衣(司衣司) si yi si si yi Directress of the Clothing Office 792 女史(司飾司) si shi si nv shi Female Scribe in the Adornments Office 786 典衣(司衣司) si yi si dian yi Manager of Clothing in the Clothing Office 793 司仗(司仗司) si zhang si si zhang Directress of the Ceremonial Regalia Office 787 掌衣(司衣司) si yi si zhang yi Clothing Maid in the Clothing Office 69 794 典仗(司仗司) si zhang si dian zhang Manager of Ceremonial Regalia in the Ceremonial Regalia Office Maid in the Ceremonial Regalia Office 796 女史(司仗司) si zhang si nv shi Female Scribe in the Ceremonial Regalia Office 795 掌仗(司仗司)si zhang si zhang zhang 尚食局 The Imperial Food Service 797 尚食 shang shi Matron 806 司藥(司藥司) si yao si si yao Directress of the Palace Medicines Office 798 司膳(司膳司) si shan si si shan Directress of the Foods Office 807 典藥(司藥司) si yao si dian yao Manager of Medicines in the Palace Medicines Office 799 典膳(司膳司) si shan si dian shan Manager of Foods in the Foods Office 808 掌藥(司藥司) si yao si zhang yao Pharmacist in the Palace Medicines Office 800 掌膳(司膳司) si shan si zhang shan Table Maid in the Foods Office 809 女史(司藥司) si yao si nv shi Female Scribe in the Palace Medicines Office 801 女史(司膳司) si shan si nv shi Female Scribe in the Foods Office 802 司醞(司醞司) si yun si si yun Directress of the Wines Office 810 司饎(司饎司) si xi si si xi Directress of the Palace Banquets Office 803 典醞(司醞司) si yun si dian yun Manager of Wines in the Wines Office 811 典饎(司饎司) si xi si dian xi Banquet Manager in the Palace Banquets Office 804 掌醞(司醞司)si yun si zhang yun Maid in the Palace Wines Office 812 掌饎(司饎司) si xi si zhang xi Maid in the Palace Banquets Office 805 女史(司醞司) si yun si nv shi Female Scribe inf the Palace Wines Office 70 尚寢局 The Imperial Housekeeping Service 813 尚寢 shang qin Matron 822 司苑(司苑司) si yuan si si yuan Directress of the Palace Gardens Office 814 司設(司設司) si she si si she Directress of the Interior Maintenance Office 823 典苑(司苑司) si yuan si dian yuan Manager of Gardens in the Palace Gardens Office 815 典設(司設司) si she si dian she Manager of the Interior Maintenance Office 824 掌苑(司苑司) si yuan si zhang yuan Gardener in the Palace Gardens Office 816 掌設(司設司) si she si zhang she Maid in the Interior Maintenance Office 817 825 女史(司苑司) si yuan si nv shi Female Scribe in the Palace Gardens Office 女史(司設司) si she si nv shi Female Scribe in the Interior Maintenance Office 826 司燈(司燈司) si deng si si deng Directress of the Palace Lanterns Office 818 司輿(司輿司) si yu si si yu Directress of the Palace Transport Office 827 典燈(司燈司) si deng si dian deng Manager of Lanterns in the Palace Lanterns Office 819 典輿(司輿司) si yu si dian yu Manager of Transport in the Palace Transport Office 828 掌燈(司燈司) si deng si zhang deng Lantern Keeper in the Palace Lanterns Office 820 掌輿(司輿司)si yu si zhang yu Maid in the Palace Transport Office 829 女史(司燈司) si deng si nv shi Female Scribe in the Palace Lanterns Office 821 女史(司輿司)si yu si nv shi Female Scribe in the Palace Transport Office 71 尚功局 The Palace Workshop Service 830 尚功 shang gong Matron 839 司綵(司綵司) si cai si si cai Directress of the Palace Silks Office 831 司製(司製司) si zhi si si zhi Directress of the Palace Sewing Office 840 典綵(司綵司) si cai si dian cai Manager of Silks in the Palace Silks Office 832 典製(司製司) si zhi si dian zhi Manager of Sewing in the Palace Sewing Office 841 掌綵(司綵司) si cai si zhang cai Maid in the Palace Silks Office 833 掌製(司製司) si zhi si zhang zhi Seamstress in the Palace Sewing Office 842 女史(司綵司) si cai si nv shi Female Scribe in the Palace Silks Office 834 女史(司製司) si zhi si nv shi Female Scribe in the Palace Sewing Office 843 司計(司計司) si ji si si ji Directress of the Palace Accounts office 835 司珍(司珍司) si zhen si si zhen Directress of the Palace Rarities Office 844 典計(司計司) si ji si dian ji Manager of Accounts in the Palace Accounts Office 836 典珍(司珍司) si zhen si dian zhen Manager of Rarities in the Palace Rarities Office 845 掌計(司計司) si ji si zhang ji Accounting Maid in the Palace Accounts Office 837 掌珍(司珍司) si zhen si zhang zhen Jeweler in the Palace Rarities Office 846 女史(司計司) si ji si nv shi Female Scribe in the Palace Accounts office 838 女史(司珍司) si zhen si nv shi Female Scribe in the Palace Rarities Office 宮正司 The Palace Surveillance 847 宮正 gong zheng Chief of Palace Surveillance 72 848 司正 si zheng Directress of the Palace Surveillance Manager of the Palace Surveillance 849 典正 dian zheng 73 中央中樞官署類 The Central Government 74 公師門 The Three Dukes and Three Solitaries 850 太師 tai shi Grand Preceptor 853 少師 shao shi Junior Preceptor 851 太傅 tai fu Grand Mentor 854 少傅 shao fu Junior Mentor 852 太保 tai bao Grand Guardian 855 少保 shao bao Junior Guardian 75 內閣門 The Grand Secretariat 856 大學士 da xue shi Grand Secretary alt. 內閣大學士 nei ge da xue shi; 學 士 xue shi (Jianwen reign only) Grand Secretary of the Hall of Praciting Moral Cultivation [Mid-Jianwen (cir.1400) -?] 862 文華殿大學士 wen hua dian da xue shi Grand Secretary of the Hall of Literary Glory 857 中極殿大學士 zhong ji dian da xue shi Grand Secretary of the Hall of Central Extreme Replaced 華蓋殿大學士 hua gai dian da xue shi under the Jiajing reign per Ming Shi, juan 72 863 武英殿大學士 wu ying dian da xue shi Grand Secretary of the Hall of Military Glory 858 華蓋殿大學士 hua gai dian da xue shi Grand Secretary of the Hall of Splendid Canopy Replaced by 中極殿大學士 zhong ji dian da xue shi under the Jiajing reign per Ming Shi, juan 72 864 文淵閣大學士 wen yuan ge da xue shi Grand Secretary of the Hall of Literary Profundity 865 東閣大學士 dong ge da xue shi Grand Secretary of the East Hall 859 建極殿大學士 jian ji dian da xue shi Grand Secretary of the Hall of Developmental Extreme Replaced 謹身殿大學士 jin shen dian da xue shi under the Jiajing reign per Ming Shi, juan 72 866 四輔官 si fu guan Four Supports [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 15 (1382) ] 867 春官 chun guan Spring Support [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 15 (1382) ] 860 謹身殿大學士 jin shen dian da xue shi Grand Secretary of the Hall of Praciting Moral Cultivation [Hongxi 1st year (1425) – Jiajing years (15??)] Replaced by 建極殿大學士 jian ji dian da xue shi under the Jiajing reign per Ming Shi, juan 72 868 夏官 xia guan Summer Support [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 15 (1382) ] 869 秋官 qiu guan 861 正心殿學士 zheng xin dian xue shi 76 Autumn Support [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 15 (1382) ] Winter Support [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 15 (1382) ] 870 冬官 dong guan 77 中書省門 The Central Secretariat 871 左丞相 zuo cheng xiang Grand Councilor of the Left [Hongwu 1 (1368) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] alt. 丞相 cheng xiang [Hongwu 1 (1368) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] alt.中書左丞 zhong shu zuo cheng 877 右丞 you cheng Assistant to the Grand Councilor of the Right [Hongwu 1 (1368) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] alt.中書右丞 zhong shu you cheng 872 右丞相 you cheng xiang Grand Councilor of the Right [Hongwu 1 (1368) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] alt. 丞相 cheng xiang 878 參知政事 can zhi zheng shi Assistant Administrator [Hongwu 1 (1368) – Hongwu 9 (1376)] alt. 中書省參政 zhong shu sheng can zheng; 中書參政 zhong shu can zheng 873 左相國 zuo xiang guo Grand Councilor of the Left [Yuan Zhizheng 24 (1364) – Hongwu 1 (1368)] alt. 相國 xiang guo 874 右相國 you xiang guo Grand Councilor of the Right [Yuan Zhizheng 24 (1364) – Hongwu 1 (1368)] alt. 相國 xiang guo 879 中書舍人 zhong shu she ren Secretariat Drafter [Hongwu 9 (1376) – Hongwu 10 (1377)] Replaced 直書舍人 zhi shu she ren, and later moved under 承敕監 cheng chi jian 875 平章政事 ping zhang zheng shi Manager of Governmental Affairs [Hongwu 1 (1368) – Hongwu 9 (1376)] 880 直省舍人 zhi sheng she ren Drafter on Duty [Hongwu 7 (1374) – Hongwu 9 (1376)] Replaced by 中書舍人 zhong shu she ren 876 左丞 zuo cheng Assistant to the Grand Councilor of the Left 78 左司 The Left Office 881 郎中 lang zhong Director [Hongwu 1 (1368) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] alt. 中書左司郎中 zhong shu zuo si lang zhong [Hongwu 1 (1368) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] 884 檢校 jian jiao Proofreader [Hongwu 1 (1368) – Hongwu 2 (1369)] 882 員外郎 yuan wai lang Vice Director [Hongwu 1 (1368) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] alt. 中書左司員外郎 zhong shu zuo si yuan wai lang 885 照磨 zhao mo Recorder Keeper [Hongwu 1 (1368) – Hongwu 2 (1369)] 886 管勾 guan gou Clerk [Hongwu 1 (1368) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] 883 都事 du shi Office Manager 右司 The Right Office 887 郎中 lang zhong Director [Hongwu 1 (1368) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] alt. 中書右司郎中 zhong shu you si lang Zhong [Hongwu 1 (1368) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] 890 檢校 jian jiao Proofreader [Hongwu 1 (1368) – Hongwu 2 (1369)] 888 員外郎 yuan wai lang Vice Director [Hongwu 1 (1368) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] alt. 中書右司員外郎 zhong shu you si yuan wai lang 891 照磨 zhao mo Recorder Keeper [Hongwu 1 (1368) – Hongwu 2 (1369)] 892 管勾 guan gou Clerk [Hongwu 1 (1368) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] 889 都事 du shi Office Manager 79 參議府 The Advisory Office 893 參議 can yi Consultant [Hongwu 1 (1368) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] 896 斷事 duan shi Judge [Hongwu 1 (1368) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] 894 參軍 can jun Administrator [Hongwu 1 (1368) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] 897 經歷 jing li Registrar [Hongwu 1 (1368) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] 895 斷事官 duan shi guan Judicial Administrator [Hongwu 1 (1368) – Hongwu 2 (1369)] 898 知事 zhi shi Administrative Clerk [Hongwu 1 (1368) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] 都鎮撫司 The Chief Prison 899 都鎮撫 du zhen fu Chief Judge [Hongwu 1 (1368) – Hongwu 3 (1370)] [Hongwu 1 (1368) – Hongwu 3 (1370)] 901 知事 zhi shi Administrative Clerk [Hongwu 1 (1368) – Hongwu 3 (1370)] 900 副鎮撫 fu zhen fu Deputy Chief Judge 考功所 The Office of Personnel Evaluation 902 考功郎 kao gong lang Director Abolished in Hongwu 1 (1368) per Ming Shi, juan 72 80 六部門 Six Ministries 吏部 The Ministry of Personnel 903 尚書 shang shu Minister of Personnel alt. 冢宰 zhong zai Director of the Bureau of Appointments alt. 文選司郎中 wen xuan si lang zhong 904 左侍中 zuo shi zhong Left Executive Vice Minister of Personnel [Mid-Jianwen (cir. 1400) – Early Yongle (cir. 1403)] 910 員外郎(文選清吏司) wen xuan qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Bureau of Appointments alt. 文選司員外郎 wen xuan si yuan wai lang 905 右侍中 you shi zhong Right Executive Vice Minister of Personnel [Mid-Jianwen (cir. 1400) – Early Yongle (cir. 1403)] 911 主事(文選清吏司) wen xuan qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Appointments alt. 文選司主事 wen xuan si zhu shi 906 左侍郎 zuo shi lang Left Vice Minister of Personnel alt. 吏部侍郎 li bu shi lang; 少宰 shao zai 912 郎中(驗封清吏司) yan feng qing li si lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Honors alt. 驗封司郎中 yan feng si lang zhong 907 右侍郎 you shi lang Right Vice Minister of Personnel alt. 吏部侍郎 li bu shi lang; 少宰 shao zai 913 員外郎(驗封清吏司) yan feng qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Bureau of Honors alt. 驗封司員外郎 yan feng si yuan wai lang 908 司務(司務廳) si wu ting si wu Manager of the General Services Office 909 郎中(文選清吏司) wen xuan qing li si lang zhong 914 主事(驗封清吏司) yan feng qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Honors 81 alt. 驗封司主事 yan feng si zhu shi [Hongwu 22 (1389) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced 總部郎中 zong bu lang zhong, and replaced by 文選清吏司 郎中 wen xuan qing li si lang zhong per Ming Shi, juan 72 915 郎中(稽勳清吏司) ji xun qing li si lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Records alt. 稽勳司郎中 ji xun si lang zhong 922 員外郎(選部) xuan bu yuan wai lang Vice Director of the General Bureau [Hongwu 22 (1389) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced 總部員外郎 zong bu yuan wai lang, and replaced by 文選清吏司 員外郎 wen xuan qing li si yuan wai lang per Ming Shi, juan 72 916 員外郎(稽勳清吏司) ji xun qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Bureau of Records alt. 稽勳司員外郎 ji xun si yuan wai lang 917 主事(稽勳清吏司) ji xun qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Records alt. 稽勳司主事 ji xun si zhu shi 923 主事(選部) xuan bu zhu shi Secretary of the General Bureau [Hongwu 22 (1389) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced 總部主事 zong bu zhu shi, and replaced by 文選清吏司主事 wen xuan qing li si zhu shi per Ming Shi, juan 72 918 郎中(考功清吏司) kao gong qing li si lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Evaluations alt. 考功司郎中 kao gong si lang zhong 919 員外郎(考功清吏司) kao gong qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Bureau of Evaluations alt. 考功司員外郎 kao gong si yuan wai lang 924 郎中(總部) zong bu lang zhong Director of the General Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 22 (1389)] Replaced by 選部郎中 xuan bu lang zhong per Ming Shi, juan 72 920 主事(考功清吏司) kao gong qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Evaluations alt. 考功司主事 kao gong si zhu shi 925 員外郎(總部) zong bu yuan wai lang Vice Director of the General Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 22 (1389)] Replaced by 選部員外郎 xuan bu yuan wai lang per Ming Shi, juan 72 921 郎中(選部) xuan bu lang zhong Director of the General Bureau 82 931 員外郎(考功部) kao gong bu yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Evaluations Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced by 考功清吏司員外郎 kao gong qing li si yuan wai lang per Ming Shi, juan 72 926 主事(總部) zong bu zhu shi Secretary of the General Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 22 (1389)] Replaced by 選部主事 xuan bu zhu shi per Ming Shi, juan 72 927 郎中(司勳部) si xun bu lang zhong Director of the Records Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced by 稽勛清吏司郎中 ji xun qing li si lang zhong per Ming Shi, juan 72 932 主事(考功部) kao gong bu zhu shi Secretary of the Evaluations Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced by 考功清吏司主事 kao gong qing li si zhu shi per Ming Shi, juan 72 928 員外郎(司勳部) si xun bu yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Records Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced by 稽勛清吏司員外郎 ji xun qing li si yuan wai lang per Ming Shi, juan 72 933 郎中(司封部) si feng bu lang zhong Director of the Honors Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced by 驗封清吏司郎中 yan feng qing li si lang zhong per Ming Shi, juan 72 929 主事(司勳部) si xun bu zhu shi Secretary of the Records Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced by 稽勛清吏司主事 ji xun qing li si zhu shi per Ming Shi, juan 72 934 員外郎(司封部) si feng bu yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Honors Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced by 驗封清吏司員外郎 yan feng qing li si yuan wai lang per Ming Shi, juan 72 930 郎中(考功部) kao gong bu lang zhong Director of the Evaluations Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced by 考功清吏司郎中 kao gong qing li si lang zhong per Ming Shi, juan 72 935 主事(司封部) si feng bu zhu shi Secretary of the Honors Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] 83 Replaced by 驗封清吏司主事 yan feng qing li si zhu shi per Ming Shi, juan 72 戶部 The Ministry of Revenue 936 尚書 shang shu Minister of Revenue alt. 司農 si nong; 大司農 da si nong 944 主事(浙江清吏司) zhejiang qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Zhejiang Bureau 937 左侍中 zuo shi zhong Left Executive Vice Minister of Revenue [Mid-Jianwen (cir. 1400) – Early Yongle (cir. 1403)] 945 郎中(江西清吏司) jiangxi qing li si lang zhong Director of the Jiangxi Bureau 946 員外郎(江西清吏司) jiangxi qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Jiangxi Bureau 938 右侍中 you shi zhong Right Executive Vice Minister of Revenue [Mid-Jianwen (cir. 1400) – Early Yongle (cir. 1403)] 947 主事(江西清吏司) jiangxi qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Jiangxi Bureau 939 左侍郎 zuo shi lang Left Vice Minister of Revenue 948 郎中(湖廣清吏司) huguang qing li si lang zhong Director of the Huguang Bureau 940 右侍郎 you shi lang Right Vice Minister of Revenue 949 員外郎(湖廣清吏司) huguang qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Huguang Bureau 941 司務(司務廳) si wu ting si wu Manager of the General Services Office 950 主事(湖廣清吏司) huguang qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Huguang Bureau 942 郎中(浙江清吏司) zhejiang qing li si lang zhong Director of the Zhejiang Bureau 951 郎中(陝西清吏司) shaanxi qing li si lang zhong Director of the Shaanxi Bureau 943 員外郎(浙江清吏司) zhejiang qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Zhejiang Bureau 84 952 員外郎(陝西清吏司) shaanxi qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Shaanxi Bureau 962 主事(福建清吏司) fujian qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Fujian Bureau 953 主事(陝西清吏司) shaanxi qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Shaanxi Bureau 963 郎中(河南清吏司) henan qing li si lang zhong Director of the Henan Bureau 954 郎中(廣東清吏司) guangdong qing li si lang zhong Director of the Guangdong Bureau 964 員外郎(河南清吏司) henan qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Henan Bureau 955 員外郎(廣東清吏司) guangdong qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Guangdong Bureau 965 主事(河南清吏司) henan qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Henan Bureau 966 郎中(山西清吏司) shanxi qing li si lang zhong Director of the Shanxi Bureau 956 主事(廣東清吏司) guangdong qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Guangdong Bureau 967 員外郎(山西清吏司) shanxi qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Shanxi Bureau 957 郎中(山東清吏司) shandong qing li si lang zhong Director of the Shandong Bureau 968 主事(山西清吏司) shanxi qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Shanxi Bureau 958 員外郎(山東清吏司) shandong qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Shandong Bureau 969 郎中(四川清吏司) sichuan qing li si lang zhong Secretary of the Sichuan Bureau 959 主事(山東清吏司) shandong qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Shandong Bureau 970 員外郎(四川清吏司) sichuan qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Sichuan Bureau 960 郎中(福建清吏司) fujian qing li si lang zhong Director of the Fujian Bureau 971 主事(四川清吏司) sichuan qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Sichuan Bureau 961 員外郎(福建清吏司) fujian qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Fujian Bureau 85 972 郎中(廣西清吏司) guangxi qing li si lang zhong Director of the Guangxi Bureau 981 郎中(北平清吏司) beiping qing li si lang zhong Director of the Beiping Bureau Replaced by 北京清吏司郎中 bei jing qing li si lang zhong in Yongle 1 (1403) per Ming Shi, juan 72 973 員外郎(廣西清吏司) guangxi qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Guangxi Bureau 974 主事(廣西清吏司) guangxi qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Guangxi Bureau 982 員外郎(北平清吏司) beiping qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Beiping Bureau Replaced by 北京清吏司員外郎 bei jing qing li si yuan wai lang in Yongle 1 (1403) per Ming Shi, juan 72 975 郎中(貴州清吏司) guizhou qing li si lang zhong Director of the Guizhou Bureau [Yongle 18 (1420) -] 983 主事(北平清吏司) beiping qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Beiping Bureau Replaced by 北京清吏司主事 bei jing qing li si zhu shi in Yongle 1 (1403) per Ming Shi, juan 72 976 員外郎(貴州清吏司) guizhou qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Guizhou Bureau [Yongle 18 (1420) -] 977 主事(貴州清吏司) guizhou qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Guizhou Bureau [Yongle 18 (1420) -] 984 郎中(北京清吏司) beijing qing li si lang zhong Director of the Beijing Bureau [Yongle 1 (1403) – Yongle 18 (1420)] Replaced 北平清吏司郎中 bei ping qing li si lang zhong, and later was abolished in Yongle 18 (1420) per Ming Shi, juan 72 978 郎中(雲南清吏司) yunnan qing li si lang zhong Director of the Yunnan Bureau [Yongle 18 (1420) -] 985 員外郎(北京清吏司) beijing qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Beijing Bureau [Yongle 1 (1403) – Yongle 18 (1420)] Replaced 北平清吏司員外郎 bei ping qing li si yuan wai lang, and later was abolished in Yongle 18 (1420) per Ming Shi, juan 72 979 員外郎(雲南清吏司) yunnan qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Yunnan Bureau [Yongle 18 (1420) -] 980 主事(雲南清吏司) yunnan qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Yunnan Bureau [Yongle 18 (1420) -] 86 986 主事(北京清吏司) beijing qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Beijing Bureau [Yongle 1 (1403) – Yongle 18 (1420)] Replaced 北平清吏司主事 bei ping qing li si zhu shi, and later was abolished in Yongle 18 (1420) per Ming Shi, juan 72 [Hongwu 7 (1374) – Hongwu 13 (1380); Hongwu 19 (1386) -] alt. 戶部提舉 hu bu ti ju 993 副提舉(寶鈔提舉司) bao chao ti ju si fu ti ju Vice Supervisor of the Supervisorate of Paper Money [Hongwu 7 (1374) – Hongwu 13 (1380); Hongwu 19 (1386) -] 987 郎中(交阯清吏司) jiaozhi qing li si lang zhong Director of the Jiaozhi Bureau [Yongle 18 (1420) – Xuande 10 (1435)] 994 典史(寶鈔提舉司) bao chao ti ju si dian shi Clerk in the Supervisorate of Paper Money [Hongwu 7 (1374) – Hongwu 13 (1380); Hongwu 19 (1386) -] 988 員外郎(交阯清吏司) jiaozhi qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Jiaozhi Bureau [Yongle 18 (1420) – Xuande 10 (1435)] 995 大使(鈔紙局) chao zhi ju da shi Commissioner-in-chief of the Currency Supply Service 989 主事(交阯清吏司) jiaozhi qing li si zhu shi Secretaryof the Jiaozhi Bureau [Yongle 18 (1420) – Xuande 10 (1435)] 996 副使(鈔紙局) chao zhi ju fu shi Vice Commissioner-in-chief of the Currency Supply Service 997 典史(鈔紙局) chao zhi ju dian shi Clerk in the Currency Supply Service 990 照磨(照磨所) zhao mo suo zhao mo Record keeper in a Records Office alt. 戶部照磨 hu bu zhao mo 998 大使(印鈔局)yin chao ju da shi Commissioner-in-chief of the Plate Engraving Service 991 檢校(照磨所) zhao mo suo jian jiao Proofreader in a Records Office alt. 戶部檢校 hu bu jian jiao 999 副使(印鈔局) yin chao ju fu shi Vice Commissioner-in-chief of the Plate Engraving Service 992 提舉(寶鈔提舉司) bao chao ti ju si ti ju Supervisor of the Supervisorate of Paper Money 1000 典史(印鈔局) yin chao ju dian shi Clerk in the Plate Engraving Service [Hongwu 7 (1374) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] 87 Commissioner of the Number One Storehouse 1001 大使(寶鈔廣惠庫) bao chao guang hui ku da shi Commissioner of the Treasury for the Benevolent Issuance of Paper Money 1009 副使(甲字庫) jia zi ku fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Number One Storehouse 1002 副使(寶鈔廣惠庫) bao chao guang hui ku fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Treasury for the Benevolent Issuance of Paper Money Abolished in Mid-Jiajing (cir.15??) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1010 大使(乙字庫) yi zi ku da shi Commissioner of the Number Two Storehouse 1011 副使(乙字庫) yi zi ku fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Number Two Storehouse Abolished in Mid-Jiajing (cir.15??) Ming Shi, juan 72 1003 大使(廣積庫) guang ji ku da shi Commissioner of the Extended Accumulation Vault 1012 大使(丙字庫) bing zi ku da shi Commissioner of the Number Three Storehouse 1004 副使(廣積庫)guang ji ku fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Extended Accumulation Vault Abolished in Mid-Jiajing (cir.15??) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1013 副使(丙字庫) bing zi ku fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Number Three Storehouse 1005 典史(廣積庫) guang ji ku dian shi Clerk in the Extended Accumulation Vault Abolished in Mid-Jiajing (cir.15??) Ming Shi, juan 72 1014 大使(丁字庫) ding zi ku da shi Commissioner of the Number Four Storehouse 1015 副使(丁字庫) ding zi ku fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Number Four Storehouse 1006 大使(贓罰庫) zang fa ku da shi Commissioner of the Warehouse of Confiscated Property 1016 大使(戊字庫) wu zi ku da shi Commissioner-in-chief of the Number Five Storehouse 1007 副使(贓罰庫) zang fa ku fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Warehouse of Confiscated Property Abolished in Mid-Jiajing (cir.15??) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1017 副使(戊字庫)wu zi ku fu shi Vice Commissioner-in-chief of the Number Five Storehouse 1008 大使(甲字庫) jia zi ku da shi 88 Vice Commissioner of a Mutilated Currency Service Abolished in Mid-Jiajing (cir.15??) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1018 大使(廣盈庫) guang ying ku da shi Commissioner of the Extended Abundance Vault Abolished in Mid-Jiajing (cir.15??) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1026 大使(太倉銀庫) tai cang yin ku da shi Commissioner-in-Chief of the National Silver Vault in Taicang 1027 副使(太倉銀庫) tai cang yin ku fu shi Vice Commissioner-in-chief of the National Silver Vault in Taicang Abolished in Mid-Jiajing (cir.15??) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1019 副使(廣盈庫) guang ying ku fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Extended Abundance Vault Abolished in Mid-Jiajing (cir.15??) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1020 大使(外承運庫) wai cheng yun ku da shi Commissioner of the Imperial Storehouse 1028 大使(御馬倉) yu ma cang da shi Commissioner of the Imperial Hay Barn 1029 副使(御馬倉) yu ma cang fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Imperial Hay Barn 1021 副使(外承運庫) wai cheng yun ku fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Imperial Storehouse 1030 大使(軍儲倉) jun chu cang da shi Commissioner of a Military Supplies Warehouse 1022 大使(承運庫) cheng yun ku da shi Commissioner-in-Chief of the Imperial Treasury 1031 副使(軍儲倉) jun chu cang fu shi Vice Commissioner of a Military Supplies Warehouse 1023 副使(承運庫) cheng yun ku fu shi Vice Commissioner-in-Chief of the Imperial Treasury Abolished in Mid-Jiajing (cir.15??) Ming Shi, juan 72 1032 副使(長安門倉) chang'an men cang fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Imperial Storehouse at Chang'anmen 1024 大使(行用庫) xing yong ku da shi Commissioner of a Mutilated Currency Service 1033 副使(東安門倉) dong'an men cang fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Imperial Storehouse at Dong'anmen 1025 副使(行用庫) xing yong ku fu shi 89 1034 副使(西安門倉) xi'an men cang fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Imperial Storehouse at Xi'anmen [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] 1041 郎中(二科) er ke lang zhong Director of the Second Section [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] 1035 副使(北安門倉) bei'an men cang fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Imperial Storehouse at Bei'anmen 1042 員外郎(二科) er ke yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Second Section [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] 1036 大使(張家灣鹽倉檢校批驗所) zhangjiawan yan cang jian jiao pi yan suo da shi Commissioner of the Tea and Salt Control Station at the Zhangjiawan Salt Granaries Abolished in Longqing 6 (1572) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1043 主事(二科) er ke zhu shi Secretary of the Second Section [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] 1044 郎中(三科) san ke lang zhong Director of the Third Section [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] 1037 副使(張家灣鹽倉檢校批驗所) zhangjiawan jian cang jian jiao pi yan suo fu shi Vice Commissioner of of the Tea and Salt Control Station at the Zhangjiawan Salt Granaries Abolished in Longqing 6 (1572) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1045 員外郎(三科) san ke yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Third Section [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] 1038 郎中(一科) yi ke lang zhong Director of the First Section [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] 1046 主事(三科) san ke zhu shi Secretary of the Third Section [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] 1039 員外郎(一科) yi ke yuan wai lang Vice Director of First Section [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] 1047 郎中(四科) si ke lang zhong Director of the Fourth Section [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] 1040 主事(一科) yi ke zhu shi Secretary of the First Section 1048 員外郎(四科) si ke yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Fourth Section 90 [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] Clerk 1057 大使(在京行用庫) zai jing xing yong ku da shi Commissioner of the Mutilated Currency Service in Capital [Hongwu 8 (1375) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] 1049 主事(四科) si ke zhu shi Secretary of the Fourth Section [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] 1050 郎中(總科) zong ke lang zhong Director of the General Section [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] 1058 副使(在京行用庫)zai jing xing yong ku fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Mutilated Currency Service in Capital [Hongwu 8 (1375) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] 1051 員外郎(總科) zong ke yuan wai lang Vice Director of the General Section [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] 1059 典史(在京行用庫) zai jing xing yong ku dian shi Clerk at the Mutilated Currency Service in Capital [Hongwu 8 (1375) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] 1052 主事(總科) zong ke zhu shi Secretary of the General Section [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] 1060 都監(在京行用庫) zai jing xing yong ku du jian Chief Clerk at the Mutilated Currency Service in Capital [Hongwu 8 (1375) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] 1053 外牽照科主事 wai qian zhao ke zhu shi Secretary in Charge of External Business in the Headquarters Section [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] 1061 郎中(民部) min bu lang zhong Director of the General Bureau [Hongwu 22 (1389) – Hongwu 23 (1390)] Replaced 總部郎中 zong bu lang zhong per Ming Shi, juan 72 1054 內會總科主事 nei hui zong ke zhu shi Internal Accounts Secretary in the Headquarters Section [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] 1062 員外郎(民部) min bu yuan wai lang Vice Director of the General Bureau 1055 司計 si ji Account Keeper 1056 管勾 guan gou 91 1068 員外郎(度支部) du zhi bu yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Bureau of General Accounts [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 23 (1390)] [Hongwu 22 (1389) – Hongwu 23 (1390)] Replaced 總部員外郎 zong bu yuan wai lang per Ming Shi, juan 72 1063 主事(民部) min bu zhu shi Secretary of the General Bureau [Hongwu 22 (1389) – Hongwu 23 (1390)] Replaced 總部主事 zong bu zhu shi per Ming Shi, juan 72 1069 主事(度支部) du zhi bu zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of General Accounts [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 23 (1390)] alt. 度支主事 du zhi zhu shi 1064 郎中(總部) zong bu lang zhong Director of the General Bureau [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 22 (1389)] Replaced by 民部郎中 min bu lang zhong per Ming Shi, juan 72 1070 郎中(金部) jin bu lang zhong Director of the Treasury Bureau [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 23 (1390)] 1071 員外郎(金部) jin bu yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Treasury Bureau [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 23 (1390)] 1065 員外郎(總部) zong bu yuan wai lang Vice Director of the General Bureau [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 22 (1389)] Replaced by 民部員外郎 min bu yuan wai lang per Ming Shi, juan 72 1072 主事(金部) jin bu zhu shi Secretary of the Treasury Bureau [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 23 (1390)] 1066 主事(總部) zong bu zhu shi Secretary of the General Bureau [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 22 (1389)] Replaced by 民部主事 min bu zhu shi per Ming Shi, juan 72 1073 郎中(倉部) cang bu lang zhong Director of the Granaries Bureau [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 23 (1390)] 1074 員外郎(倉部) cang bu yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Granaries Bureau [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 23 (1390)] 1067 郎中(度支部)du zhi bu lang zhong Director of the Bureau of General Accounts [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 23 (1390)] 1075 主事(倉部) cang bu zhu shi 92 Secretary of the Granaries Bureau [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 23 (1390)] 附: 總督倉場 Capital Granaries 1078 督理錢法侍郎 du li qian fa shi lang Vice Minister Superintendent of Coinage A post created in Tianqi 5 (1625) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1076 總督倉場 zong du cang chang Director-general 1077 督餉侍郎 du xiang shi lang Vice Minister Superintendent of Salaries A post created in Wanli 47 (1619) per Ming Shi, juan 72 司農司 The Office of Agricultural Administration alt. 司農丞 si nong cheng 1079 卿 qing Chief Minister [Yuan Zhizheng 27 (1367) – Hongwu 1 (1368); Hongwu 3 (1370) – Hongwu 4 (1371)] alt. 司農卿 si nong qing 1082 庸田署令 yong tian shu ling Director of the Office of Paddyfields [Yuan Zhizheng 27 (1367) – Hongwu 1 (1368)] 1083 典簿 dian bu Archivist [Yuan Zhizheng 27 (1367) – Hongwu 1 (1368)] 1080 少卿 shao qing Vice Minister [Yuan Zhizheng 27 (1367) – Hongwu 1 (1368); Hongwu 3 (1370) – Hongwu 4 (1371)] alt. 司農少卿 si nong shao qing 1084 司計 si ji Account Keeper [Yuan Zhizheng 27 (1367) – Hongwu 1 (1368)] 1081 丞 cheng Assistant Minister [Yuan Zhizheng 27 (1367) – Hongwu 1 (1368); Hongwu 3 (1370) – Hongwu 4 (1371)] 1085 主簿 zhu bu Recorder 93 [Hongwu 3 (1370) – Hongwu 4 (1371)] [Hongwu 3 (1370) – Hongwu 4 (1371)] 1086 錄事 lu shi Office Manager 判錄司 The Office of Salaries Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 18 (1385) 1087 司正 si zheng Director Replaced 判錄 pan lu soon after Hongwu 13 (1380) per Ming Shi, juan 72 Replaced 副判 fu pan soon after Hongwu 13 (1380) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1090 判錄 pan lu Director Replaced by 司正 si zheng soon after Hongwu 13 (1380) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1088 左司副 zuo si fu Left Vice Director Replaced 副判 fu pan soon after Hongwu 13 (1380) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1091 副判 fu pan Vice Director Replaced by 左、右司副 zuo/you si fu soon after Hongwu 13 (1380) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1089 右司副 you si fu Right Vice Director 禮部 The Ministry of Rites 1092 尚書 shang shu Minister of Rites Right Executive Vice Minister of Rites [Mid-Jianwen (cir. 1400) – Early Yongle (cir. 1403)] 1093 左侍中 zuo shi zhong Left Executive Vice Minister of Rites [Mid-Jianwen (cir. 1400) – Early Yongle (cir. 1403)] 1095 左侍郎 zuo shi lang Left Vice Minister of Rites 1096 右侍郎 you shi lang Right Vice Minister of Rites 1094 右侍中 you shi zhong 94 1097 司務(司務廳) si wu ting si wu Manager of the General Services Office Director of the Bureau of Receptions alt. 主客司郎中 zhu ke si lang zhong 1098 郎中(儀制清吏司) yi zhi qing li si lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Ceremonies alt. 儀制司郎中 yi zhi si lang Zhong 1105 員外郎(主客清吏司) zhu ke qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Bureau of Receptions alt. 主客司員外郎 zhu ke si yuan wai lang 1099 員外郎(儀制清吏司) yi zhi qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Bureau of Ceremonies alt. 儀制司員外郎 yi zhi si yuan wai lang 1106 主事(主客清吏司) zhu ke qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Receptions alt. 主客司主事 zhu ke si zhu shi 1107 郎中(精膳清吏司) jing shan qing li si lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Provisions alt. 精膳司郎中 jing shan si lang zhong 1100 主事(儀制清吏司) yi zhi qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Ceremonies alt. 儀制司主事 yi zhi si zhu shi 1101 郎中(祠祭清吏司) ci ji qing li si lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Sacrifices alt. 祠祭司郎中 ci ji si lang zhong 1108 員外郎(精膳清吏司) jing shan qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Bureau of Provisions alt. 精膳司員外郎 jing shan si yuan wai lang 1102 員外郎(祠祭清吏司) ci ji qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Bureau of Sacrifices alt. 祠祭司員外郎 ci ji si yuan wai lang 1109 主事(精膳清吏司) jing shan qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Provisions alt. 精膳司主事 jing shan si zhu shi 1103 主事(祠祭清吏司) ci ji qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Sacrifices alt. 祠祭司主事 ci ji si zhu shi 1110 大使(鑄印局) zhu yin ju da shi Commissioner-in-chief of the Seals Service 1111 副使(鑄印局) zhu yin ju fu shi Vice Commissioner-in-chief of the Seals Service 1104 郎中(主客清吏司) zhu ke qing li si lang zhong 95 Replaced by 儀部員外郎 yi bu yuan wai lang per Ming Shi, juan 72 1112 郎中(儀部) yi bu lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Ceremonies [Hongwu 22 (1389) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced 總部郎中 zong bu lang zhong , and was replaced by 儀制清吏 司郎中 yi zhi qing li si lang zhong per Ming Shi, juan 72 1117 主事(總部) zong bu zhu shi Secretary of the General Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 22 (1389)] Replaced by 儀部主事 yi bu zhu shi per Ming Shi, juan 72 1118 郎中(祠部) ci bu lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Sacrifices [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced by 祠祭清吏司郎中 ci ji qing li si lang zhong per Ming Shi, juan 72 1113 員外郎(儀部) yi bu yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Bureau of Ceremonies [Hongwu 22 (1389) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced 總部員外郎 zong bu yuan wai lang , and was replaced by 儀制清 吏司員外郎 yi zhi qing li si yuan wai lang per Ming Shi, juan 72 1119 員外郎(祠部) ci bu yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Bureau of Sacrifices [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced by 祠祭清吏司員外郎 ci ji qing li si yuan wai lang per Ming Shi, juan 72 1114 主事(儀部) yi bu zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Ceremonies [Hongwu 22 (1389) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced 總部主事 zong bu zhu shi , and was replaced by 儀制清吏司主事 yi zhi qing li si zhu shi per Ming Shi, juan 72 1120 主事(祠部) ci bu zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Sacrifices [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced by 祠祭清吏司主事 ci ji qing li si zhu shi per Ming Shi, juan 72 1115 郎中(總部) zong bu lang zhong Director of the General Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 22 (1389)] Replaced by 儀部郎中 yi bu lang zhong per Ming Shi, juan 72 1121 郎中(膳部) shan bu lang zhong Director of the Catering Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] 1116 員外郎(總部) zong bu yuan wai lang [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 22 (1389)] 96 Replaced by 精膳清吏司郎中 jing shan qing li si lang zhong per Ming Shi, juan 72 Secretary of the Bureau of Receptions [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced by 主客清吏司主事 zhu ke qing li si zhu shi per Ming Shi, juan 72 1122 員外郎(膳部) shan bu yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Catering Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced by 精膳清吏司員外郎 jing shan qing li si yuan wai lang per Ming Shi, juan 72 1127 司正(行人司) xing ren si si zheng Director of the Messenger’s Office alt. 行人司正 xing ren si zheng Replaced 行人 xing ren soon after Hongwu 13 (1380) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1123 主事(膳部) shan bu zhu shi Secretary of the Catering Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced by 精膳清吏司主事 jing shan qing li si zhu shi per Ming Shi, juan 72 1128 左司副(行人司) xing ren si zuo si fu Left Vice Director of the Messenger’s Office alt. 行人司副 xing ren si fu Replaced 左行人 zuo xing ren soon after Hongwu 13 (1380) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1124 郎中(主客部) zhu ke bu lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Receptions [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced by 主客清吏司郎中 zhu ke qing li si lang zhong per Ming Shi, juan 72 1129 右司副(行人司) xing ren si you si fu Right Vice Director of the Messenger’s Office alt. 行人司副 xing ren si fu Replaced 右行人 you xing ren soon after Hongwu 13 (1380) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1125 員外郎(主客部) zhu ke bu yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Bureau of Receptions [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced by 主客清吏司員外郎 zhu ke qing li si yuan wai lang per Ming Shi, juan 72 1130 行人(行人司) xing ren si xing ren Messenger Director of the Messenger’s Office Replaced by 司正 si zheng soon after the post was created around Hongwu 13 (1380) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1126 主事(主客部) zhu ke bu zhu shi 97 1131 左行人(行人司) xing ren si zuo xing ren Left Vice Director of the Messenger’s Office Replaced by 左司副 zuo si fu soon after the post was created around Hongwu 13 (1380) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1136 奉鑾(教坊司) jiao fang si feng luan Director of the Music Office Replaced 和聲郎 he sheng lang per Ming Shi, juan 72 1137 左韶舞(教坊司) jiao fang si zuo shao wu Ceremonial Dancer of the Left in the Music Office 1132 右行人(行人司)xing ren si you xing ren Right Vice Director of the Messenger’s Office Replaced by 右司副 you si fu soon after the post was created around Hongwu 13 (1380) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1138 右韶舞(教坊司) jiao fang si you shao wu Ceremonial Dancer of the Right in the Music Office 1139 左司樂(教坊司) jiao fang si zuo si yue Left Music Director in the Music Office 1133 大使(教坊司) jiao fang si da shi Commissioner of the Music Office 1134 副使(教坊司) jiao fang si fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Music Office 1140 右司樂(教坊司) jiao fang si you si yue Right Music Director in the Music Office 1135 和聲郎(教坊司) jiao fang si he sheng lang Director of the Music Office Replaced by 奉鑾 feng luan per Ming Shi, juan 72 1141 協同官(教坊司) jiao fang si xie tong guan Assistant in the Music Office 兵部 The Ministry of War 1142 尚書 shang shu Minister of War 1144 右侍中 you shi zhong Right Executive Vice Minister of War [Mid-Jianwen (cir. 1400) – Early Yongle (cir. 1403)] 1143 左侍中 zuo shi zhong Left Executive Vice Minister of War [Mid-Jianwen (cir. 1400) – Early Yongle (cir. 1403)] 1145 左侍郎 zuo shi lang 98 Left Vice Minister of War alt. 兵部侍郎 bing bu shi lang Vice Director of the Bureau of Operations alt. 職方司員外郎 zhi fang si yuan wai lang 1146 右侍郎 you shi lang Right Vice Minister of War alt.兵部侍郎 bing bu shi lang 1153 主事(職方清吏司) zhi fang qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Operations alt. 職方司主事 zhi fang si zhu shi 1147 司務(司務廳) si wu ting si wu Manager of the General Services Office 1154 郎中(車駕清吏司) che jia qing li si lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Communications alt. 車駕司郎中 che jia si lang zhong; 車駕郎中 che jia lang zhong 1148 郎中(武選清吏司) wu xuan qing li si lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Military Appointments alt. 武選司郎中 wu xuan si lang zhong; 武選郎中 wu xuan lang zhong 1155 員外郎(車駕清吏司) che jia qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Bureau of Communications alt. 車駕司員外郎 che jia si yuan wai lang; 車駕員外郎 che jia yuan wai lang 1149 員外郎(武選清吏司) wu xuan qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Bureau of Military Appointments alt. 武選司員外郎 wu xuan si yuan wai lang; 武選員外郎 wu xuan yuan wai lang 1156 主事(車駕清吏司) che jia qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Communications alt. 車駕司主事 che jia si zhu shi; 車 駕主事 che jia zhu shi 1150 主事(武選清吏司) wu xuan qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Military Appointments alt. 武選司主事 wu xuan si zhu shi; 武 選主事 wu xuan zhu shi 1157 郎中(武庫清吏司) wu ku qing li si lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Provisions alt. 武庫司郎中 wu xuan si lang zhong 1151 郎中(職方清吏司) zhi fang qing li si lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Operations alt. 職方司郎中 zhi fang si lang zhong 1158 員外郎(武庫清吏司) wu ku qing li si yuan wai lang 1152 員外郎(職方清吏司) zhi fang qing li si yuan wai lang 99 吏司員外郎 wu xuan qing li si yuan wai lang per Ming Shi, juan 72 Vice Director of the Bureau of Provisions alt. 武庫司員外郎 wu xuan si yuan wai lang 1166 主事(司馬部) si ma bu zhu shi Secretary of the General Bureau [Hongwu 22 (1389) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced 總部主事 zong bu zhu shi, and was replaced by 武選清吏司主事 wu xuan qing li si zhu shi per Ming Shi, juan 72 1159 主事(武庫清吏司) wu ku qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Provisions alt. 武庫司主事 wu xuan si zhu shi 1160 大使(會同館) hui tong guan da shi Commissioner of the Interpreters Institute 1167 郎中(總部) zong bu lang zhong Director of the General Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 22 (1389)] Replaced by 司馬部郎中 si ma bu lang zhong per Ming Shi, juan 72 1161 副使(會同館) hui tong guan fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Interpreters Institute 1162 大使(大通關) da tong guan da shi Commissioner of Datong Pass 1168 員外郎(總部) zong bu yuan wai lang Vice Director of the General Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 22 (1389)] Replaced by 司馬部員外郎 si ma bu yuan wai lang per Ming Shi, juan 72 1163 副使(大通關) da tong guan fu shi Vice Commissioner of Datong Pass 1164 郎中(司馬部)si ma bu lang zhong Director of the General Bureau [Hongwu 22 (1389) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced 總部郎中 zong bu lang zhong, and was replaced by 武選清吏 司郎中 wu xuan qing li si lang zhong per Ming Shi, juan 72 1169 主事(總部) zong bu zhu shi Secretary of the General Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 22 (1389)] Replaced by 司馬部主事 si ma bu zhu shi per Ming Shi, juan 72 1165 員外郎(司馬部) si ma bu yuan wai lang Vice Director of the General Bureau [Hongwu 22 (1389) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced 總部員外郎 zong bu yuan wai lang, and was replaced by 武選清 1170 郎中(駕部) jia bu lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Equipment [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] 100 Replaced by 車駕清吏司郎中 che jia qing li si lang zhong per Ming Shi, juan 72 [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced by 職方清吏司主事 zhi fang qing li si zhu shi per Ming Shi, juan 72 1171 員外郎(駕部) jia bu yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Bureau of Equipment [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced by 車駕清吏司員外郎 che jia qing li si yuan wai lang per Ming Shi, juan 72 1176 郎中(庫部) ku bu lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Provisions [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced by 武庫清吏司郎中 wu ku qing li si lang zhong per Ming Shi, juan 72 1172 主事(駕部) jia bu zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Equipment [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced by 車駕清吏司主事 che jia qing li si zhu shi per Ming Shi, juan 72 1177 員外郎(庫部) ku bu yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Bureau of Provisions [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced by 武庫清吏司員外郎 wu ku qing li si yuan wai lang per Ming Shi, juan 72 1173 郎中(職方部) zhi fang bu lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Operations [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced by 職方清吏司郎中 zhi fang qing li si lang zhong per Ming Shi, juan 72 1178 主事(庫部) ku bu zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Provisions [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced by 武庫清吏司主事 wu ku qing li si zhu shi per Ming Shi, juan 72 1174 員外郎(職方部) zhi fang bu yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Bureau of Operations [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced by 職方清吏司員外郎 zhi fang qing li si yuan wai lang per Ming Shi, juan 72 1179 試侍郎 shi shi lang Probationary Vice Minister 1180 提督團營 ti du tuan ying Superintendent of the Integrated Division 1181 協理京營戎政 xie li jing ying rong zheng Assistant Administrator of Military Affairs in Capital Training Divisions 1175 主事(職方部) zhi fang bu zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Operations 101 alt. 協理戎政 xie li rong zheng 刑部 The Ministry of Justice 1182 尚書 shang shu Minister of Justice alt. 司寇 si kou 1190 主事(浙江清吏司) zhejiang qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Zhejiang Bureau 1183 左侍中 zuo shi zhong Left Executive Vice Minister of Justice [Mid-Jianwen (cir. 1400) – Early Yongle (cir. 1403)] 1191 郎中(江西清吏司) jiangxi qing li si lang zhong Director of the Jiangxi Bureau 1192 員外郎(江西清吏司) jiangxi qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Jiangxi Bureau 1184 右侍中 you shi zhong Right Executive Vice Minister of Justice [Mid-Jianwen (cir. 1400) – Early Yongle (cir. 1403)] 1193 主事(江西清吏司) jiangxi qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Jiangxi Bureau 1185 左侍郎 zuo shi lang Left Vice Minister of Justice alt. 刑部侍郎 xing bu shi lang 1194 郎中(湖廣清吏司) huguang qing li si lang zhong Director of the Huguang Bureau 1186 右侍郎 you shi lang Right Vice Minister of Justice alt.刑部侍郎 xing bu shi lang 1195 員外郎(湖廣清吏司) huguang qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Huguang Bureau 1187 司務(司務廳) si wu ting si wu Manager of the General Services Office 1196 主事(湖廣清吏司) huguang qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Huguang Bureau 1188 郎中(浙江清吏司) zhejiang qing li si lang zhong Director of the Zhejiang Bureau 1197 郎中(陝西清吏司) shaanxi qing li si lang zhong Director of the Shaanxi Bureau 1189 員外郎(浙江清吏司) zhejiang qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Zhejiang Bureau 1198 員外郎(陝西清吏司) shaanxi qing li si yuan wai lang 102 Vice Director of the Shaanxi Bureau Secretary of the Fujian Bureau 1199 主事(陝西清吏司) shaanxi qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Shaanxi Bureau 1209 郎中(河南清吏司) henan qing li si lang zhong Director of the Henan Bureau 1200 郎中(廣東清吏司) guangdong qing li si lang zhong Director of the Guangdong Bureau 1210 員外郎(河南清吏司) henan qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Henan Bureau 1201 員外郎(廣東清吏司) guangdong qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Guangdong Bureau 1211 主事(河南清吏司) henan qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Henan Bureau 1212 郎中(山西清吏司) shanxi qing li si lang zhong Director of the Shanxi Bureau 1202 主事(廣東清吏司) guangdong qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Guangdong Bureau 1213 員外郎(山西清吏司) shanxi qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Shanxi Bureau 1203 郎中(山東清吏司) shandong qing li si lang zhong Director of the Shandong Bureau 1214 主事(山西清吏司) shanxi qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Shanxi Bureau 1204 員外郎(山東清吏司) shandong qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Shandong Bureau 1215 郎中(四川清吏司) sichuan qing li si lang zhong Director of the Sichuan Bureau 1205 主事(山東清吏司) shandong qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Shandong Bureau 1216 員外郎(四川清吏司) sichuan qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Sichuan Bureau 1206 郎中(福建清吏司) fujian qing li si lang zhong Director of the Fujian Bureau 1217 主事(四川清吏司) sichuan qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Sichuan Bureau 1207 員外郎(福建清吏司) fujian qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Fujian Bureau 1218 郎中(廣西清吏司) guangxi qing li si lang zhong Director of the Guangxi Bureau 1208 主事(福建清吏司) fujian qing li si zhu shi 103 Secretary of the Yunnan Bureau A post created in Yongle 18 (1420) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1219 員外郎(廣西清吏司) guangxi qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Guangxi Bureau 1227 郎中(北京清吏司) beijing qing li si lang zhong Director of the Beijing Bureau [Yongle 1 (1403) – Yongle 18 (1420)] Replaced 北平清吏司郎中 bei ping qing li si lang zhong, and was abolished in Yongle 18 (1420) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1220 主事(廣西清吏司) guangxi qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Guangxi Bureau 1221 郎中(貴州清吏司) guizhou qing li si lang zhong Director of the Guizhou Bureau A post created in Yongle 18 (1420) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1228 員外郎(北京清吏司) beijing qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Beijing Bureau [Yongle 1 (1403) – Yongle 18 (1420)] Replaced 北平清吏司員外郎 bei ping qing li si yuan wai lang, and was abolished in Yongle 18 (1420) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1222 員外郎(貴州清吏司) guizhou qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Guizhou Bureau A post created in Yongle 18 (1420) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1223 主事(貴州清吏司) guizhou qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Guizhou Bureau A post created in Yongle 18 (1420) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1229 主事(北京清吏司) beijing qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Beijing Bureau [Yongle 1 (1403) – Yongle 18 (1420)] Replaced 北平清吏司郎中 bei ping qing li si lang zhong, and was abolished in Yongle 18 (1420) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1224 郎中(雲南清吏司) yunnan qing li si lang zhong Director of the Yunnan Bureau A post created in Yongle 18 (1420) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1230 郎中(北平清吏司) beiping qing li si lang zhong Director of the Beiping Bureau Replaced by 北京清吏司郎中 bei jing qing li si lang zhong in Yongle 1 (1403) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1225 員外郎(雲南清吏司) yunnan qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Yunnan Bureau A post created in Yongle 18 (1420) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1231 員外郎(北平清吏司) beiping qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Beiping Bureau 1226 主事(雲南清吏司) yunnan qing li si zhu shi 104 Replaced by 北京清吏司員外郎 bei jing qing li si yuan wai lang in Yongle 1 (1403) per Ming Shi, juan 72 Director of the Bureau of Punishments [Hongwu 22 (1389) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced 總部郎中 zong bu lang zhong per Ming Shi, juan 72 1232 主事(北平清吏司) beiping qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Beiping Bureau Replaced by 北京清吏司主事 bei jing qing li si zhu shi in Yongle 1 (1403) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1240 員外郎(憲部) xian bu yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Bureau of Punishments [Hongwu 22 (1389) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced 總部員外郎 zong bu yuan wai lang per Ming Shi, juan 72 1233 郎中(交阯清吏司) jiaozhi qing li si lang zhong Director of the Jiaozhi Bureau [Yongle 18 (1420) – Xuande 10 (1435)] 1241 主事(憲部) xian bu zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Punishments [Hongwu 22 (1389) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced 總部主事 zong bu zhu shi per Ming Shi, juan 72 1234 員外郎(交阯清吏司) jiaozhi qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Jiaozhi Bureau [Yongle 18 (1420) – Xuande 10 (1435)] 1242 郎中(總部) zong bu lang zhong Director of the General Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 22 (1389)] Replaced by 憲部郎中 xian bu lang zhong per Ming Shi, juan 72 1235 主事(交阯清吏司) jiaozhi qing li si zhu shi Secretaryof the Jiaozhi Bureau [Yongle 18 (1420) – Xuande 10 (1435)] 1236 照磨(照磨所) zhao mo suo zhao mo Record Keeper in the Records Office 1243 員外郎(總部) zong bu yuan wai lang Vice Director of the General Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 22 (1389)] Replaced by 憲部員外郎 xian bu yuan wai lang per Ming Shi, juan 72 1237 檢校(照磨所) zhao mo suo jian jiao Proofreader in the Records Office 1238 司獄(司獄司) si yu si si yu Warder of the Prison 1244 主事(總部) zong bu zhu shi Secretary of the General Bureau 1239 郎中(憲部) xian bu lang zhong 105 Vice Director of the Criminal Administration Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 23 (1390)] [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 22 (1389)] Replaced by 憲部主事 xian bu zhu shi per Ming Shi, juan 72 1250 主事(都官部) du guan bu zhu shi Secretary of the Criminal Administration Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 23 (1390)] 1245 郎中(比部) bi bu lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Review [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 23 (1390)] 1246 員外郎(比部) bi bu yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Bureau of Review [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 23 (1390)] 1251 郎中(司門部) si men bu lang zhong Director of the Transit Authorization Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 23 (1390)] 1247 主事(比部) bi bu zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Review [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 23 (1390)] 1252 員外郎(司門部) si men bu yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Transit Authorization Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 23 (1390)] 1248 郎中(都官部) du guan bu lang zhong Director of the Criminal Administration Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 23 (1390)] 1253 主事(司門部) si men bu zhu shi Secretary of the Transit Authorization Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 23 (1390)] 1249 員外郎(都官部) du guan bu yuan wai lang 工部 The Ministry of Works 1254 尚書 shang shu Minister of Works [Mid-Jianwen (cir. 1400) – Early Yongle (cir. 1403)] 1256 右侍中 you shi zhong 1255 左侍中 zuo shi zhong Left Executive Vice Minister of Works 106 alt. 營繕司主事 ying shan si zhu shi Replaced 營部主事 ying bu zhu shi in Hongwu 29 (1396) per Ming Shi, juan 72 Right Executive Vice Minister of Works [Mid-Jianwen (cir. 1400) – Early Yongle (cir. 1403)] 1257 左侍郎 zuo shi lang Left Vice Minister of Works 1264 郎中(虞衡清吏司) yu heng qing li si lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Forestry and Hunting alt. 虞衡司郎中 yu heng si lang zhong Replaced 虞部郎中 yu bu lang zhong in Hongwu 29 (1396) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1258 右侍郎 you shi lang Right Vice Minister of Works 1259 司務(司務廳)si wu ting si wu Director of the General Service 1260 照磨 zhao mo Record Keeper 1265 員外郎(虞衡清吏司)yu heng qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Bureau of Forestry and Hunting alt. 虞衡司員外郎 yu heng si yuan wai lang Replaced 虞部員外郎 yu bu yuan wai lang in Hongwu 29 (1396) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1261 郎中(營繕清吏司) ying shan qing li si lang zhong Director of the Construction Bureau alt. 營繕司郎中 ying shan si lang zhong Replaced 營部郎中 ying bu lang zhong in Hongwu 29 (1396) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1266 主事(虞衡清吏司) yu heng qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Forestry and Hunting alt. 虞衡司主事 yu heng si zhu shi Replaced 虞部主事 yu bu zhu shi in Hongwu 29 (1396) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1262 員外郎(營繕清吏司) ying shan qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Bureau of Construction alt. 營繕司員外郎 ying shan si yuan wai lang Replaced 營部員外郎 ying bu yuan wai lang in Hongwu 29 (1396) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1267 郎中(都水清吏司) du shui qing li si lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Waterways alt.都水司郎中 du shui si lang zhong Replaced 水部郎中 shui bu lang zhong in Hongwu 29 (1396) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1263 主事(營繕清吏司) ying shan qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Construction 107 Secretary of the Bureau of State Farms alt. 屯田司主事 tun tian si zhu shi Replaced 屯部主事 tun bu zhu shi in Hongwu 29 (1396) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1268 員外郎(都水清吏司) du shui qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Bureau of Waterways alt. 都水司員外郎 du shui si yuan wai lang Replaced 水部員外郎 shui bu yuan wai lang in Hongwu 29 (1396) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1273 所正(營繕所) ying shan suo suo zheng Director of the Work Project Office 1274 所副(營繕所) ying shan suo suo fu Vice Director of the Work Project Office 1269 主事(都水清吏司) du shui qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of the Waterways alt. 都水司主事 du shui si zhu shi Replaced 水部主事 shui bu zhu shi in Hongwu 29 (1396) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1275 所丞(營繕所)ying shan suo suo cheng Secretary of the Work Project Office 1276 大使(文思院)wen si yuan da shi Commissioner of the Crafts Institute 1270 郎中(屯田清吏司) tun tian qing li si lang zhong Director of the Bureau of State Farms alt. 屯田司郎中 tun tian si lang zhong Replaced 屯部郎中 tun bu lang zhong in Hongwu 29 (1396) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1277 副使(文思院) wen si yuan fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Crafts Institute 1278 大使(皮作局) pi zuo ju da shi Commissioner of the Leatherwork Service 1271 員外郎(屯田清吏司) tun tian qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Bureau of State Farms alt. 屯田司員外郎 tun tian si yuan wai lang Replaced 屯部員外郎 tun bu yuan wai lang in Hongwu 29 (1396) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1279 副使(皮作局) pi zuo ju fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Leatherwork Service 1280 大使(鞍轡局) an pei ju da shi Commissioner of the Saddlery Service Abolished in Longqing 1 (1567) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1281 副使(鞍轡局) an pei ju fu shi 1272 主事(屯田清吏司) tun tian qing li si zhu shi 108 Vice Commissioner of the Saddlery Service Abolished in Longqing 1 (1567) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1290 大使(廣積抽分竹木局) guang ji chou fen zhu mu ju da shi Commissioner of the Guangji Office of Produce Leviess 1282 大使(寶源局) bao yuan ju da shi Commissioner of the Metropolitan Coinage Service 1291 副使(廣積抽分竹木局) guang ji chou fen zhu mu ju fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Guangji Office of Produce Levies 1283 副使(寶源局) bao yuan ju fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Metropolitan Coinage Service Abolished under the Jiajing reign (1522-1566) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1292 大使(通積抽分竹木局) tong ji chou fen zhu mu ju da shi Commissioner of the Tongji Office of Produce Levies 1284 大使(顏料局) yan liao ju da shi Commissioner of the Ornamentation Service 1293 副使(通積抽分竹木局) tong ji chou fen zhu mu ju fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Tongji Office of Produce Levies 1285 大使(軍器局) jun qi ju da shi Commissioner of the Imperial Arsenal 1286 副使(軍器局)jun qi ju fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Imperial Arsenal 1294 大使(盧溝穚抽分竹木局) lugou qiao chou fen zhu mu ju da shi Commissioner of the Lugouqiao Office of Produce Levies 1287 大使(節慎庫) jie shen ku da shi Commissioner of the Auditing Office A post created in Jiajing 8 (1529) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1295 副使(盧溝穚抽分竹木局) lugouqiao chou fen zhu mu ju fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Lugouqiao Office of Produce Levies 1288 大使(織染雜造局) zhi ran za zao ju da shi Commissioner of the Miscellaneous Weaving and Dyeing Service 1296 大使(通州抽分竹木局) tongzhou chou fen zhu mu ju da shi Commissioner of the Tongzhou Office of Produce Levies 1289 副使(織染雜造局) zhi ran za zao ju fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Miscellaneous Weaving and Dyeing Service 1297 副使(通州抽分竹木局) tongzhou chou fen zhu mu ju fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Tongzhou Office of Produce Levies 109 1298 大使(白河抽分竹木局) baihe chou fen zhu mu ju da shi Commissioner of the Baihe Office of Produce Levies 清吏司郎中 ying shan qing li si lang zhong per Ming Shi, juan 72 1306 員外郎(營部) ying bu yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Building Bureau [Hongwu 22 (1389) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced 總部員外郎 zong bu yuan wai lang, and was later replaced by 營 繕清吏司員外郎 ying shan qing li si yuan wai lang per Ming Shi, juan 72 1299 副使(白河抽分竹木局) baihe chou fen zhu mu ju fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Baihe Office of Produce Levies 1300 提舉(大通關提舉司) da tong guan ti ju si ti ju Supervisor of the Ship Supervisorate at Dataong Pass Abolished in Wanli 2nd year (1574) Ming Shi, juan 72 1307 主事(營部) ying bu zhu shi Secretary of the Building Bureau [Hongwu 22 (1389) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced 總部主事 zong bu zhu shi, and was later replaced by 營繕清吏司 主事 ying shan qing li si zhu shi per Ming Shi, juan 72 1301 副提舉(大通關提舉司) datongguan ti ju si fu ti ju Vice Supervisor of the Ship Supervisorate at Dataong Pass 1302 典史(大通關提舉司) datongguan ti ju si dian shi Clerk at the Ship Supervisorate at Dataong Pass 1308 郎中(總部) zong bu lang zhong Director of the General Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 22 (1389)] Replaced by 營部郎中 ying bu lang zhong per Ming Shi, juan 72 1303 大使(柴炭司) chai tan si da shi Commissioner of the Office of Fuels 1309 員外郎(總部) zong bu yuan wai lang Vice Director of the General Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 22 (1389)] Replaced by 營部員外郎 ying bu yuan wai lang per Ming Shi, juan 72 1304 副使(柴炭司) chai tan si fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Office of Fuels 1305 郎中(營部) ying bu lang zhong Director of the Building Bureau [Hongwu 22 (1389) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced 總部郎中 zong bu lang zhong, and was later replaced by 營繕 1310 主事(總部) zong bu zhu shi Secretary of the General Bureau 110 1315 員外郎(水部) shui bu yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Bureau of Waterways and Irrigation [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced by 都水清吏司員外郎 du shui qing li si yuan wai lang per Ming Shi, juan 72 [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 22 (1389)] Replaced by 營部主事 ying bu zhu shi per Ming Shi, juan 72 1311 郎中(虞部) yu bu lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Forestry and Crafts [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced by 虞衡清吏司郎中 yu heng qing li si lang zhong per Ming Shi, juan 72 1316 主事(水部) shui bu zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Waterways and Irrigation [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced by 都水清吏司主事 du shui qing li si zhu shi per Ming Shi, juan 72 1312 員外郎(虞部) yu bu yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Bureau of Forestry and Crafts [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced by 虞衡清吏司員外郎 yu heng qing li si yuan wai lang per Ming Shi, juan 72 1317 郎中(屯部) tun bu lang zhong Director of the State Farms Bureau [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced 屯田部郎中 tun tian bu lang zhong, and later was replaced by 屯田 清吏司郎中 tun tian qing li si lang zhong per Ming Shi, juan 72 1313 主事(虞部) yu bu zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Forestry and Crafts [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced by 虞衡清吏司主事 yu heng qing li si zhu shi per Ming Shi, juan 72 1318 員外郎(屯部) tun bu yuan wai lang Vice Director of the State Farms Bureau [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced 屯田部員外郎 tun tian bu yuan wai lang, and later was replaced by 屯田清吏司員外郎 tun tian qing li si yuan wai lang per Ming Shi, juan 72 1314 郎中(水部) shui bu lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Waterways and Irrigation [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced by 都水清吏司郎中 du shui qing li si lang zhong per Ming Shi, juan 72 1319 主事(屯部) tun bu zhu shi Secretary of the State Farms Bureau 111 [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] Replaced 屯田部主事 tun tian bu zhu shi , and later was replaced by 屯田清 吏司主事 tun tian qing li si zhu shi per Ming Shi, juan 72 Vice Director of the State Farms Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] Replaced by 屯部員外郎 tun bu yuan wai langper Ming Shi, juan 72 1322 主事(屯田部)tun tian bu zhu shi Secretary of the State Farms Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] Replaced by 屯部主事 tun bu zhu shi per Ming Shi, juan 72 1320 郎中(屯田部)tun tian bu lang zhong Director of the State Farms Bureau [Hongwu 6 (1373) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] Replaced by 屯部郎中 tun bu lang zhong per Ming Shi, juan 72 1321 員外郎(屯田部)tun tian bu yuan wai lang 附: 易州山廠 The Royal Charcoal Storehouse at Yizhou 1324 主事(易州山廠)yizhou shan chang zhu shi Secretary of the Royal Charcoal Storehouse at Yizhou [Jiajing 8 (1529) - ] Replaced 提督易州山廠 ti du yizhou shan chang per Ming Shi, juan 72 1323 提督易州山廠 ti du yizhou shan chang Superintendent of the Royal Charcoal Storehouse at Yizhou [Xuande 4 (1429) – Jiajing 8 (1529)] Replaced by 易州山廠主事 yizhou shan chang zhu shi per Ming Shi, juan 72 將作司 The Royal Buildings Office Established in Wanli 47 (1619) per Ming Shi, juan 72 1325 卿 qing Chief Minister 1326 少卿 shao qing Vice Minister 112 1327 丞 cheng Assistant Minister 1336 司程(右提舉司) you ti ju si si cheng Monitor of Measurements in the Right Supervisorate 1328 提舉(左提舉司)zuo ti ju si ti ju Supervisor of the Left Supervisorate 1337 典簿(右提舉司) you ti ju si dian bu Archivist in the Right Supervisorate 1329 同提舉(左提舉司) zuo ti ju si tong ti ju Deputy Associate Supervisor of the Left Supervisorate 1338 大使(軍需庫) jun xu ku da shi Commissioner of the Armaments Storehouse 1330 副提舉(左提舉司) zuo ti ju si fu ti ju Vice Supervisor of the Left Supervisorate 1339 副使(軍需庫) jun xu ku fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Armaments Storehouse 1331 司程(左提舉司) zuo ti ju si si cheng Monitor of Measurements in the Left Supervisorate 1340 正提舉(營造提舉司) ying zao ti ju si zheng ti ju Supervisor of the Supervisorate of Construction 1332 典簿(左提舉司) zuo ti ju si dian bu Archivist in the Left Supervisorate 1333 提舉(右提舉司) you ti ju si ti ju Supervisor of the Right Supervisorate 1341 副提舉(營造提舉司) ying zao ti ju si fu ti ju Vice Supervisor of the Supervisorate of Construction 1334 同提舉(右提舉司) you ti ju si tong ti ju Deputy Associate Supervisor of the Right Supervisorate 1342 正提舉(營造提舉分司) ying zao ti ju fen si zheng ti ju Supervisor of a Branch Supervisorate of Construction 1335 副提舉(右提舉司) you ti ju si fu ti ju Vice Supervisor of the Right Supervisorate 1343 副提舉(營造提舉分司) ying zao ti ju fen si fu ti ju Vice Supervisor of a Branch Supervisorate of Construction 行部 Auxiliary Ministry in Beijing 113 1344 行部尚書 xing bu shang shu Minister in Beijing [Yongle 1 (1403) – Yongle 18 (1420); Hongxi 1 (1425) – Xuande 3 (1428)] 1352 主事(戶曹清吏司) hu cao qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Revenue Section [Yongle 1 (1403) – Yongle 18 (1420)] 1345 行部左侍郎 xing bu zuo shi lang Vice Minister of the Left in Beijing alt. 行部侍郎 xing bu shi lang [Yongle 1 (1403) – Yongle 18 (1420); Hongxi 1 (1425) – Xuande 3 (1428)] 1353 郎中(禮曹清吏司) li cao qing li si lang zhong Director of the Rites Section [Yongle 1 (1403) – Yongle 18 (1420)] 1354 員外郎(禮曹清吏司) li cao qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Rites Section [Yongle 1 (1403) – Yongle 18 (1420)] 1346 行部右侍郎 xing bu you shi lang Vice Minister of the Right in Beijing alt. 行部侍郎 xing bu shi lang [Yongle 1 (1403) – Yongle 18 (1420); Hongxi 1 (1425) – Xuande 3 (1428)] 1355 主事(禮曹清吏司) li cao qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Rites Section [Yongle 1 (1403) – Yongle 18 (1420)] 1347 郎中(吏曹清吏司) li cao qing li si lang zhong Director of the Personnel Section [Yongle 1 (1403) – Yongle 18 (1420)] 1356 郎中(兵曹清吏司) bing cao qing li lang zhong Director of the War Section [Yongle 1 (1403) – Yongle 18 (1420)] 1348 員外郎(吏曹清吏司) li cao qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Personnel Section [Yongle 1 (1403) – Yongle 18 (1420)] 1357 員外郎(兵曹清吏司) bing cao qing li yuan wai lang Vice Director of the War Section [Yongle 1 (1403) – Yongle 18 (1420)] 1349 主事(吏曹清吏司) li cao qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Personnel Section [Yongle 1 (1403) – Yongle 18 (1420)] 1358 主事(兵曹清吏司) bing cao qing li zhu shi Secretary of the War Section [Yongle 1 (1403) – Yongle 18 (1420)] 1350 郎中(戶曹清吏司) hu cao qing li si lang zhong Director of the Revenue Section [Yongle 1 (1403) – Yongle 18 (1420)] 1359 郎中(刑曹清吏司) xing cao qing li si lang zhong Director of the Justice Section [Yongle 1 (1403) – Yongle 18 (1420)] 1351 員外郎(戶曹清吏司) hu cao qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Revenue Section [Yongle 1 (1403) – Yongle 18 (1420)] 114 1360 員外郎(刑曹清吏司) xing cao qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Justice Section [Yongle 1 (1403) – Yongle 18 (1420)] 1364 照磨(刑曹清吏司) xing cao qing li si zhao mo Record Keeper in the Justice Section [Yongle 1 (1403) – Yongle 18 (1420)] 1361 主事(刑曹清吏司) xing cao qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Justice Section [Yongle 1 (1403) – Yongle 18 (1420)] 1365 郎中(工曹清吏司) gong cao qing li si lang zhong Director of the Works Section [Yongle 1 (1403) – Yongle 18 (1420)] 1362 檢校(刑曹清吏司) xing cao qing li si jian jiao Proofreader in the Justice Section [Yongle 1 (1403) – Yongle 18 (1420)] 1366 員外郎(工曹清吏司) gong cao qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Works Section [Yongle 1 (1403) – Yongle 18 (1420)] 1363 司獄(刑曹清吏司) xing cao qing li si si yu Warder in the Justice Section [Yongle 1 (1403) – Yongle 18 (1420)] 1367 主事(工曹清吏司) gong cao qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Works Section [Yongle 1 (1403) – Yongle 18 (1420)] 115 中央輔佐官署類 Central Administration Assistance 116 秘書門 Secretary Offices 通政使司 The Office of Transmission before Mid-Jianwen (cir.1400) and then after Yongle 1 (1403)1368 通政使 tong zheng shi Transmission Commissioner Replaced by 通政卿 tong zheng qing under 通政使寺 zheng shi si, per Ming Shi, juan 73 tong 1372 左參議 zuo can yi Left Assistant Commissioner alt. 通政參議 tong zheng can yi Replaced by 通政少卿 tong zheng shao qing under 通政使寺 tong zheng shi si, per Ming Shi, juan 73 1369 左通政 zuo tong zheng Transmission Vice Commissioner of the Left 1373 右參議 you can yi Right Assistant Commissioner alt. 通政參議 tong zheng can yi Replaced by 通政少卿 tong zheng shao qing under 通政使寺 tong zheng shi si, per Ming Shi, juan 73 1370 右通政 you tong zheng Transmission Vice Commissioner of the Right 1371 謄黃右通政 teng huang you tong zheng Vice Commissioner of the Right for Imperial Warrants [Chenghua 2 (1466) – Wanli 9 (1581)] alt. 提督謄黃右通政 ti du teng huang you tong zheng 1374 經歷(經歷司) jing li si jing li Registrar of Registration 1375 知事(經歷司) jing li si zhi shi Administrative Clerk in the Registration Office 通政使寺 The Office of Transmission Mid-Jianwen (cir.1400) - Yongle 1 (1403) 1377 通政少卿 tong zheng shao qing Transmission Vice Minister Replaced 左/右參議 zuo/you can yi under 通政使司 tong zheng shi si, per Ming Shi, juan 73 1376 通政卿 tong zheng qing Transmission Minister Replaced 通政使 tong zheng shi under 通政使司 tong zheng shi si, per Ming Shi, juan 73 117 1378 左補闕 zuo bu que Left Ractifier of Omissions 1380 左拾遺 zuo shi yi Reminder of the Left 1379 右補闕 you bu que Right Ractifier of Omissions Ming Shi, juan 73 1381 右拾遺 you shi yi Reminder of the Right 察言司 The Office of Investigation and Remonstrance Established in Hongwu 3 year (1370) and soon abolished 1382 司令 si ling Director 尚寶司 The Seals Office alt. 尚寶少卿 shang bao shao qing 1383 卿 qing Chief Minister alt. 尚寶卿 shang bao qing 1385 司丞 shang bao si cheng Assistant Minister 1384 少卿 shao qing Vice Minister 翰林院 The Hanlin Academy 1388 侍講學士 shi jiang xue shi Hanlin Academician Expositor-inwaiting alt. 翰林侍讀學士 han lin shi jiang xue shi 1386 學士 xue shi Hanlin Chancellor alt. 翰林學士 han lin xue shi 1387 侍讀學士 shi du xue shi Hanlin Academician Reader-inwaiting alt. 翰林侍讀學士 han lin shi du xue shi 1389 侍讀 shi du Hanlin Reader-in-waiting alt. 翰林侍讀 han lin shi du 118 1390 侍講 shi jiang Hanlin Expositor-in-waiting alt. 翰林侍講 han lin shi jiang alt. 翰林檢討 han lin jian tao 1399 庶吉士 shu ji shi Hanlin Bachelor alt. 翰林庶吉士 han lin shu ji shi 1391 五經博士 wu jing bo shi Hanlin Erudite of Five Classics alt. 翰林五經博士 han lin wu jing bo shi 1400 直學士 zhi xue shi Auxiliary Academician alt. 翰林直学士 han lin zhi xue shi [Yuan Zhizheng 27 (1367) – Hongwu 14 (1381)] 1392 典籍 dian ji Hanlin Archivist alt. 翰林典籍 han lin dian ji 1401 典簿 dian bu Hanlin Archivist alt. 翰林典簿 han lin dian bu [Yuan Zhizheng 27 (1367) – Hongwu 14 (1381)] 1393 侍書 shi shu Hanlin Court Calligrapher alt. 翰林侍書 hanlin shi shu 1394 待詔 dai zhao Academician Awaiting Orders alt. 翰林待詔 han lin dai zhao 1402 學士承旨 han lin xue shi cheng zhi Hanlin Academician Recipient of Edicts alt. 承旨 cheng zhi; 翰林学士承旨 han lin xue shi cheng zhi [Hongwu 2 (1369) – Hongwu 14 (1381)] 1395 孔目 kong mu Hanlin Clerk alt. 孔目官 kong mu guan; 翰林孔目 han lin kong mu 1396 修撰 xiu zhuan Hanlin Senior Historiography Compiler alt. 翰林修撰 han lin xiu zhuan; 修撰 官 xiu zhuan guan 1403 待制 dai zhi Academician Awaiting Instructions alt. 翰林待制 han lin dai zhi [Hongwu 2 (1369) – Hongwu 14 (1381)] 1397 編修 bian xiu Hanlin Junior Historiography Compiler alt. 翰林編修 han lin bian xiu 1404 應奉 ying feng Provisioner alt. 翰林應奉 han lin ying feng [Hongwu 2 (1369) – Hongwu 14 (1381)] 1398 檢討 jian tao Hanlin Historiography Examining Editor 1405 檢閱 jian yue Editorial Examiner 119 alt. 翰林檢閱 han lin jian yue; 檢閱官 jian yue guan; 翰林檢閱官 han lin jian yue guan [Hongwu 13 (1369) – Hongwu 14 (1381)] [Mid-Jianwen (cir.1400) to Yongle 1 (1403)] 1409 補闕(文淵閣) wen yuan ge bu que Ractifier of Omissions in the Wenyuan Chamber [Mid-Jianwen (cir.1400) to Yongle 1 (1403)] 1406 起居注 qi ju zhu Imperial Diarist 1410 編修(國史院) guo shi yuan bian xiu Junior Compiler in the Historiography Academy 1407 待詔(文淵閣) wen yuan ge dai zhao Academician Awaiting Orders in the Wenyuan Chamber [Mid-Jianwen (cir.1400) to Yongle 1 (1403)] 1411 丞(思文監)si wen jian cheng Assistant Director of the Directorate for Documents 1408 拾遺(文淵閣) wen yuan ge shi yi Reminder in the Wenyuan Chamber 弘文館 The Institute for Advancement of Literature Abolished shortly after its establishment in Hongwu 3 (1370) ; restored as 弘文閣 under the Xuande reign, and later merged into 文淵閣 1412 學士 xue shi Chancellor 1413 校書郎 jiao shu lang Editing Clerk 秘書監 The Directorate of the Palace Library Hongwu 3 (1370) – Hongwu 13 (1380) 1414 監令 mi shu jian Director alt. 秘書監令 mi shu jian ling Vice Director 1416 直長 zhi zhang Chief on-duty 1415 監丞 jian cheng 120 中書科 The Central Drafting Office 1417 中書舍人 zhong shu she ren Secretariat Drafter [cir. Yongle 1 (1403)-] alt. 內閣誥敕房舍人 nei ge gao chi fang she ren 1418 直文華殿東房中書舍人 zhi wen hua dian dong fang zhong shu she ren Secretariat Drafter on-duty in the East Office at the Wenhua Hall alt. 文華殿舍人 wen hua dian she ren 1421 內閣制敕房中書舍人 nei ge zhi chi fang zhong shu she ren Secretariat Drafter in the Proclamations Drafting Office of the Grand Secretariat alt. 內閣制敕房舍人 nei ge zhi chi fang she ren 1419 直武英殿西房中書舍人 zhi wu ying dian xi fang zhong shu she ren Secretariat Drafter on-duty in the West Office at the Wuying Hall alt. 武英殿舍人 wu ying dian she ren 1422 承天門待詔 cheng tian men dai zhao Academician Awaiting-Orders at Chengtianmen 1423 閤門使 he men shi Commissioner for Audience Ceremonies A post in the early Hongwu 1420 內閣誥敕房中書舍人 nei ge gao chi fang zhong shu she ren Secretariat Drafter in the Proclamations Office of the Grand Secretariat 1424 觀察使 guan cha shi Surveillance Commissioner 承敕監 The Directorate for the Receipt of Edicts 1425 承敕郎 cheng chi lang Director for Receipt of Imperial Rescripts and Edicts [Hongwu 10 (1377) -] Replaced 承敕監令 cheng chi jian ling and 承敕監丞 cheng chi jian cheng per Ming Shi, juan 73 Director [Hongwu 9 (1376) – Hongwu 10 (1377)] Replaced by 承敕郎 cheng chi lang per Ming Shi, juan 73 1427 丞 cheng Vice Director [Hongwu 9 (1376) – Hongwu 10 (1377)] 1426 令 ling 121 Replaced by 承敕郎 cheng chi lang per Ming Shi, juan 73 Secretariat Drafter [Hongwu 10 (1377) – Mid-Jianwen (cir. 1400)] 1428 中書舍人 zhong shu she ren 司文監 The Directorate for Documents 1430 丞 cheng Assistant Director [Hongwu 9 (1376) – Hongwu 10 (1377)] 1429 令 ling Director [Hongwu 9 (1376) – Hongwu 10 (1377)] 考功監 The Directorate of Personnel Evaluation 1431 令 ling Director [Hongwu 8 (1375) – Hongwu 18 (1385)] 1432 丞 cheng Vice Director [Hongwu 8 (1375) – Hongwu 18 (1385)] 122 六科門 The Six Offices of Scrutiny 吏科 The Office of Scrutiny for Personnel 1433 都給事中 du ji shi zhong Chief Supervising Secretary [Hongwu 6 (1373) - Hongwu 24 (1391); Jianwen 1 (1398) - Jianwen 4 (1402)] alt. 吏科給事中 li ke ji shi zhong 1434 左給事中 zuo ji shi zhong Left Supervising Secretary [Hongwu 24 (1391) – Jianwen 1 (1398); Jianwen 4 (1402)-] alt. 吏科給事中 li ke ji shi zhong 1438 源士 yuan shi Supervising Secretary A post of short-existence in Hongwu 22 (1389) replacing 元士 yuan shi, and soon being replaced back by 給事 中 ji shi zhong 1435 右給事中 you ji shi zhong Right Supervising Secretary [Hongwu 24 (1391) – Jianwen 1 (1398); Jianwen 4 (1402)-] alt. 吏科給事中 li ke ji shi zhong 1439 元士 yuan shi Supervising Secretary A post of short-existence in Hongwu 22 (1389) replacing 給事中 ji shi zhong, and soon being renamed as 源 士 yuan shi 1436 庶吉士 shu ji shi Bachelor 1437 給事中 ji shi zhong Supervising Secretary 戶科 The Office of Scrutiny for Revenue 1440 都給事中 du ji shi zhong Chief Supervising Secretary [Hongwu 24 (1391) –] Right Supervising Secretary [Hongwu 24 (1391) –] alt. 戶科給事中 hu ke ji shi zhong 1443 庶吉士 shu ji shi Bachelor 1441 左給事中 zuo ji shi zhong Left Supervising Secretary [Hongwu 24 (1391) –] alt. 戶科給事中 hu ke ji shi zhong 1444 給事中 ji shi zhong Supervising Secretary 1442 右給事中 you ji shi zhong 123 and soon being replaced back by 給事 中 ji shi zhong [Hongwu 6 (1373) - Hongwu 24 (1391)] alt. 戶科給事中 hu ke ji shi zhong 1446 元士 yuan shi Supervising Secretary A post of short-existence in Hongwu 22 (1389) replacing 給事中 ji shi zhong, and soon being renamed as 源 士 yuan shi 1445 源士 yuan shi Supervising Secretary A post of short-existence in Hongwu 22 (1389) replacing 元士 yuan shi, 禮科 The Office of Scrutiny for Rites 1447 都給事中 du ji shi zhong Chief Supervising Secretary [Hongwu 24 (1391) –] [Hongwu 6 (1373) - Hongwu 24 (1391)] alt. 禮科給事中 li ke ji shi Zhong 1448 左給事中 zuo ji shi zhong Left Supervising Secretary [Hongwu 24 (1391) –] alt. 禮科給事中 li ke ji shi zhong 1452 源士 yuan shi Supervising Secretary A post of short-existence in Hongwu 22 (1389) replacing 元士 yuan shi, and soon being replaced back by 給事 中 ji shi Zhong 1449 右給事中 you ji shi zhong Right Supervising Secretary [Hongwu 24 (1391) –] alt. 禮科給事中 li ke ji shi Zhong 1453 元士 yuan shi Supervising Secretary A post of short-existence in Hongwu 22 (1389) replacing 給事中 ji shi zhong, and soon being renamed as 源 士 yuan shi 1450 庶吉士 shu ji shi Bachelor 1451 給事中 ji shi zhong Supervising Secretary 兵科 The Office of Scrutiny for War 1454 都給事中 du ji shi zhong Chief Supervising Secretary [Hongwu 24 (1391) –] 124 1455 左給事中 zuo ji shi zhong Left Supervising Secretary [Hongwu 24 (1391) –] alt. 兵科給事中 bing ke ji shi zhong alt. 兵科給事中 bing ke ji shi Zhong 1459 源士 yuan shi Supervising Secretary A post of short-existence in Hongwu 22 (1389) replacing 元士 yuan shi, and soon being replaced back by 給事 中 ji shi zhong 1456 右給事中 you ji shi zhong Right Supervising Secretary [Hongwu 24 (1391) –] alt. 兵科給事中 bing ke ji shi zhong 1460 元士 yuan shi Supervising Secretary A post of short-existence in Hongwu 22 (1389) replacing 給事中 ji shi zhong, and soon being renamed as 源 士 yuan shi 1457 庶吉士 shu ji shi Bachelor 1458 給事中 ji shi zhong Supervising Secretary [Hongwu 6 (1373) - Hongwu 24 (1391)] 刑科 The Office of Scrutiny for Justice 1461 都給事中 du ji shi Zhong Chief Supervising Secretary [Hongwu 24 (1391) –] Supervising Secretary [Hongwu 6 (1373) - Hongwu 24 (1391)] alt.刑科給事中 xing ke ji shi Zhong 1462 左給事中 zuo ji shi Zhong Left Supervising Secretary [Hongwu 24 (1391) –] alt.刑科給事中 xing ke ji shi Zhong 1466 源士 yuan shi Supervising Secretary A post of short-existence in Hongwu 22 (1389) replacing 元士 yuan shi, and soon being replaced back by 給事 中 ji shi zhong 1463 右給事中 you ji shi Zhong Right Supervising Secretary [Hongwu 24 (1391) –] alt.刑科給事中 xing ke ji shi Zhong 1467 元士 yuan shi Supervising Secretary A post of short-existence in Hongwu 22 (1389) replacing 給事中 ji shi zhong, and soon being renamed as 源 士 yuan shi 1464 庶吉士 shu ji shi Bachelor 1465 給事中 ji shi Zhong 125 工科 The Office of Scrutiny for Works 1468 都給事中 du ji shi Zhong Chief Supervising Secretary [Hongwu 24 (1391) –] [Hongwu 6 (1373) - Hongwu 24 (1391)] alt. 工科給事中 gong ke ji shi Zhong 1469 左給事中 zuo ji shi Zhong Left Supervising Secretary [Hongwu 24 (1391) –] alt. 工科給事中 gong ke ji shi Zhong 1473 源士 yuan shi Supervising Secretary A post of short-existence in Hongwu 22 (1389) replacing 元士 yuan shi, and soon being replaced back by 給事 中 ji shi zhong 1470 右給事中 you ji shi Zhong Right Supervising Secretary [Hongwu 24 (1391) –] alt. 工科給事中 gong ke ji shi Zhong 1474 元士 yuan shi Supervising Secretary A post of short-existence in Hongwu 22 (1389) replacing 給事中 ji shi zhong, and soon being renamed as 源 士 yuan shi 1471 庶吉士 shu ji shi Bachelor 1472 給事中 ji shi Zhong Supervising Secretary 六科 Consolidated Six Offices of Scrutiny (1368-1373) 1475 給事中 ji shi zhong Supervising Secretary 諫院 Remonstrance Bureau 1476 諫議大夫 jian yi da fu Grand Master of Remonstrance [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 15 (1382)] alt. 諫官 jian guan; 言官 yan guan 126 1479 左正言 zuo zheng yan Left Exhorter [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 15 (1382)] 1477 左司諫 zuo si jian Left Remonstrator [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 15 (1382)] 1480 右正言 you zheng yan Right Exhorter [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 15 (1382)] 1478 右司諫 you si jian Right Remonstrator [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 15 (1382)] 127 寺監門 Courts and Directorates 國子監 The Directorate of Education 1481 祭酒 ji jiu Chancellor alt. 國子祭酒 guo zi ji jiu Instructor alt. 國子助教 guo zi zhu jiao 1486 學正 xue zheng Instructor Second-Class alt. 國子學正 guo zi xue zheng 1482 司業 si ye Director of Studies alt. 國子司業 guo zi si ye 1487 學錄 xue lu Instructor Third-Class alt. 國子學錄 guo zi xue lu 1483 監丞(繩愆廳) sheng qian ting jian cheng Proctor of the Disciplinary Office alt. 國子監丞 guo zi jian cheng 1488 典簿(典簿廳) dian bu ting dian bu Registrar of the Registration Office 1484 五經博士(博士廳) bo shi ting wu jing bo shi Erudite of the Five Classics alt. 國子博士 guo zi bo shi, 博士 bo shi 1489 典籍(典籍廳) dian ji ting dian ji Archivist of the Archives 1490 掌饌(掌饌廳) zhang zhuan ting zhang zhuan Victualler of the Victualler's Office 1485 助教 zhu jiao 國子學 The Directorate of Education (Pre-Hongwu 15) 1491 祭酒 ji jiu Chancellor Instructor 1495 學正 xue zheng Instructor Second-Class 1492 司業 si ye Director of Studies 1496 學錄 xue lu Instructor Third-Class 1497 典簿 dian bu Registrar 1493 博士 bo shi Erudite 1494 助教 zhu jiao 128 Replaced 典膳 dian shan per Ming Shi, juan 73 1498 典書 dian shu Archivist 1501 典膳 dian shan Victualler [the early Ming – Hongwu 13 (1380)] Replaced by 掌饌 zhang zhuan per Ming Shi, juan 73 1499 典樂 dian yue Manager of Music 1500 掌饌 zhang zhuan Victualler [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 15 (1382)] 中都國子監/學 The Directorate of Education in the Central Capital Hongwu 8 (1375)– Hongwu 26 (1393) 中都國子監 replaced 中都國子學 in Hongwu 15 (1382) 1502 祭酒 ji jiu Chancellor 1508 學錄 xue lu Instructor Third-Class 1503 司業 si ye Director of Studies 1509 典簿 dian bu Registrar 1504 監丞 jian cheng Proctor 1510 掌饌 zhang zhuan Victualler [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 26 (1393)] Replaced 典膳 dian shan per Ming Shi, juan 73 1505 博士 bo shi Erudite 1506 助教 zhu jiao Instructor 1511 典膳 dian shan Victualler [Hongwu 8 (1375) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] Replaced by 掌饌 zhang zhuan per Ming Shi, juan 73 1507 學正 xue zheng Instructor Second-Class 129 附:衍聖公府 The Establishment of the Duke for Fulfilling the Sage 1512 掌書 zhang shu Secretary 1515 知印 zhi yin Seal-keeper 1513 典籍 dian ji Librarian 1516 奏差 zou chai Agent 1514 司樂 si yue Manager of Music 1517 書寫 shu xie Scribe 太常寺 The Court of Imperial Sacrifices 1518 卿 qing Chief Minister alt. 太常卿 tai chang qing 1524 贊禮郎 zan li lang Ceremonial Assistant [Mid-Jianwen (cir.1400) -] 1519 少卿 shao qing Vice Minister alt. 太常少卿 tai chang shao qing 1525 司樂 si yue Music Director 1520 寺丞 si cheng Assistant Director alt. 太常寺丞 tai chang si cheng; 太常 司丞 tai chang si cheng 1526 奉祀(祠祭署) ci ji shu feng si Chief Sacrificer of a Sacrificial Office [Hongwu 24 (1391) -] Replaced 署令 shu ling per Ming Shi, juan 74 1521 典簿(典簿廳) dian bu ting dian bu Archivist of the Archives 1527 祀丞(祠祭署) ci ji shu si cheng Sacrificial Assistant of a Sacrificial Office [Hongwu 24 (1391) -] Replaced 署丞 shu cheng per Ming Shi, juan 74 1522 博士 bo shi Erudite alt. 太常博士 tai chang bo shi 1523 協律郎 xie lv lang Chief Musician 1528 署令(祠祭署) ci ji shu shu ling 130 1532 廩犧令(神牲所) shen sheng suo lin xi ling Director of the Office of Sacrificial Animals [Hongwu 3 (1370) – Hongwu 4 (1371)] Director of a Sacrificial Office [Early Hongwu – Hongwu 24 (1391)] Replaced by 奉祀 feng si per Ming Shi, juan 74 1529 署丞(祠祭署) ci ji shu shu cheng Assistant Director of a Sacrificial Office [Early Hongwu – Hongwu 24 (1391)] Replaced by 祀丞 si cheng per Ming Shi, juan 74 1533 大使(神牲所) shen sheng suo da shi Commissioner of the Office of Sacrificial Animals [Hongwu 3 (1370) – Hongwu 4 (1371)] 1530 吏目(犧牲所) xi sheng shuo li mu Clerk in the Office of Animal Offerings [Hongxi 1 (1425) - ] 1534 副使(神牲所) shen sheng suo fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Office of Sacrificial Animals [Hongwu 3 (1370) – Hongwu 4 (1371)] 1531 太祝 tai zhu Great Supplicator [Mid-Jianwen (cir.1400) -] 四夷館 The Translators’Institute 1535 卿 qing Superintendent Minister A concurrent post of the Chief Minister of the Imperial Court of Sacrifices; Abolished under the Jiajing reign per Ming Shi, juan 74 A concurrent post of the Vice Minister of the Imperial Court of Sacrifices per Ming Shi, juan 74 1537 譯字生 yi zi sheng Foreign Language Translator 1536 少卿 shao qing Superintendent Vice Minister 1538 通事 tong shi Foreign Language Interpreter alt.外夷通事 wai yi tong shi 太常司 The Office of Imperial Sacrifices Abolished in Hongwu 30 (1397) 131 1539 卿 qing Chief Minister 1543 協律郎 xie lv lang Chief Musician 1540 少卿 shao qing Vice Minister 1544 博士 bo shi Erudite 1541 丞 cheng Assistant Minister 1545 贊禮郎 zan li lang Ceremonial Assistant 1542 典簿 dian bu Archivist 神樂觀 The Imperial Music Office 1546 提點 ti dian Superintendent of 1547 知觀 zhi guan Vice Superintendent 光祿寺 The Court of Imperial Entertainments [Hongwu 1 (1368) - Hongwu 8 (1375) ; Hongwu 30 (1397) - ] Named as 光禄司 between Hongwu 8 (1375) and Hongwu 30 (1397) 1548 卿 qing Chief Minister alt. 光祿卿 guang lu qing Replaced 主簿 zhu bu in Hongwu 8 (1375) - per Ming Shi, juan 74 1552 錄事(典簿廳) dian bu ting lu shi Overseer of the Archives 1549 少卿 shao qing Vice Minister alt. 光祿少卿 guang lu shao qing 1553 署正(大官署) da guan shu shu zheng Director of the Banquets Office 1550 寺丞 si cheng Assisant Minister alt. 光祿寺丞 guang lu si cheng 1554 署丞(大官署) da guan shu shu cheng Vice Director of the Banquets Office 1551 典簿(典簿廳) dian bu ting dian bu Archivist of the Archives 1555 監事(大官署) da guan shu jian shi 132 Supervising Attendant in the Banquets Office Supervising Attendant at the Spice Pantry 1556 署正(珍羞署) zhen xiu shu shu zheng Director of the Office of Delicacies 1565 大使(司牲司) si sheng si da shi Commissioner of the Office of Sacrificial Animals 1557 署丞(珍羞署) zhen xiu shu shu cheng Vice Director of the Office of Delicacies 1566 副使(司牲司) si sheng si fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Office of Sacrificial Animals 1567 大使(司牧局) si mu ju da shi Commissioner of the Horse Pasturage Service Abolished in Jiajing 7 (1528) per Ming Shi, juan 74 1558 監事(珍羞署) zhen xiu shu jian shi Supervising Attendant in the Office of Delicacies 1559 署正(良醞署) liang yun shu shu zheng Director of the Office of Fine Wines 1568 大使(銀庫) yin ku da shi Commissioner of the Silver Vault [Wanli 2 (1574) -] 1560 署丞(良醞署) liang yun shu shu cheng Vice Director of the Office of Fine Wines 1569 直長 zhi zhang Foreman 1570 內酒坊大使(法酒庫) fa jiu ku nei jiu fang da shi Palace Winery Commissioner at the Storehouse for Fine Wines 1561 監事(良醞署) liang yun shu jian shi Supervising Attendant in the Office of Fine Wines 1571 內酒坊副使(法酒庫) fa jiu ku nei jiu fang fu shi Palace Winery Vice Commissioner at the Storehouse for Fine Wines 1562 署正(掌醢署) zhang hai shu shu zheng Director of the Spice Pantry 1563 署丞(掌醢署) zhang hai shu shu cheng Vice Director of the Spice Pantry 1572 主簿 zhu bu Recorder [Hongwu 1 (1368) – Hongwu 8 (1375)] Replaced by 典簿 dian bu per Ming Shi, juan 74 1564 監事(掌醢署) zhang hai shu jian shi 133 光祿司 The Office of Imperial Entertainments [Hongwu 8 (1375) – Hongwu 30 (1397)] 1573 卿 qing Chief Minister Supervising Attendant in the Office of Delicacies 1584 署令(良醞署) liang yun shu shu ling Director of the Office of Fine Wines 1574 少卿 shao qing Vice Minister 1575 司丞 si cheng Assistant Minister 1585 署丞(良醞署) liang yun shu shu cheng Vice Director of the Office of Fine Wines 1576 典簿 dian bu Archivist 1586 監事(良醞署) liang yun shu jian shi Supervising Attendant in the Office of Fine Wines 1577 錄事 lu shi Office Overseer 1578 署令(大官署) da guan shu shu ling Director of the Banquets Office 1587 署令(掌醢署) zhang hai shu shu ling Director of the Spice Pantry 1579 署丞(大官署)da guan shu shu cheng Vice Director of the Banquets Office 1588 署丞(掌醢署) zhang hai shu shu cheng Vice Director of the Spice Pantry 1580 監事(大官署) da guan shu jian shi Superviing Attendant in the Banquets Office 1581 署令(珍羞署) zhen xiu shu shu ling Director of the Office of Delicacies 1589 監事(掌醢署) zhang hai shu jian shi Supervising Attendant at the Spice Pantry 1582 署丞(珍羞署) zhen xiu shu shu cheng Vice Director of the Office of Delicacies 1590 大使(司牲司) si sheng si da shi Commissioner of the Office of Sacrificial Animals 1583 監事(珍羞署) zhen xiu shu jian shi 1591 副使(司牲司) si sheng si fu shi 134 Vice Commissioner of the Office of Sacrificial Animals 1594 大使(孳牧所) zi mu suo da shi Commissioner of the Animal Breeding Office Later replaced by 司牧司大使 si mu si da shi per Ming Shi, juan 74 1592 大使(司牧司) si mu si da shi Commissioner of the Animal Breeding Office Replaced 孳牧所大使 zi mu suo da shi per Ming Shi, juan 74 1595 副使(孳牧所) zi mu suo fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Animal Breeding Office Later replaced by 司牧司副使 si mu si fu shi per Ming Shi, juan 74 1593 副使(司牧司)fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Animal Breeding Office Replaced 孳牧所副使 zi mu suo fu shi per Ming Shi, juan 74 太僕寺 The Court of the Imperial Stud 1596 卿 qing Chief Minister alt. 太僕卿 tai pu qing alt. 牧監正 mu jian zheng 1602 監副(牧監) mu jian jian fu Vice Director of a Directorate of Horse Pasturage alt. 牧監副 mu jian fu 1597 少卿 shao qing Vice Minister alt. 太僕少卿 tai pu shao qing 1603 錄事(牧監) mu jian lu shi Overseer of a Directorate of Horse Pasturages 1598 寺丞 si cheng Assisant Minister alt. 太僕寺丞 tai pu si cheng 1600 大使(常盈庫) chang ying ku da shi Commissioner of the Ever Full Haybarn 1604 令(牧監) mu jian ling Director of a Directorate of Horse Pasturages [Hongwu 7 (1374) – Hongwu 10 (1377)] Replaced by 牧監正 mu jian zheng per Ming Shi, juan 74 1601 監正(牧監) mu jian jian zheng Director of a Directorate of Horse Pasturages 1605 丞(牧監) mu jian cheng Vice Director of a Directorate of Horse Pasturage 1599 主簿(主簿廳) zhu bu ting zhu bu Recorder in the Recorder's Office 135 [Hongwu 7 (1374) – Hongwu 10 (1377)] Replaced by 牧監副 mu jian fu per Ming Shi, juan 74 Herd’s Head in a Directorate of Horse Pasturage 1608 羣長(牧監) mu jian qun zhang Herd Director in a Directorate of Five Horse Pasturages 1606 鎮撫(牧監) mu jian zhen fu Disciplinary Officer in a Directorate of Horse Pasturage 1609 吏目(牧監) mu jian li mu Clerk in a Directorate of Horse Pasturage 1607 羣頭(牧監) mu jian qun tou 鴻臚寺 The Court of State Ceremonial Replaced 殿庭儀禮司 dian ting yi li si in Hongwu 30 (1397) 1610 卿 qing Chief Minister alt. 鴻臚卿 hong lu qing Recorder of the Recorder's Office 1616 署丞(司儀署) si yi shu shu cheng Vice Director of the Ceremonials Office 1611 左少卿 zuo shao qing Left Vice Minister alt. 鴻臚少卿 hong lu shao qing 1617 鳴贊(司儀署) si yi shu ming zan Herald in the Ceremonials Office 1618 署丞(司賓署) si bin shu shu cheng Vice Director of the Visitors Office 1612 右少卿 you shao qing Right Vice Minister alt. 鴻臚少卿 hong lu shao qing 1619 鳴贊(司賓署) si bin shu ming zan Herald in the Visitors Office 1613 左寺丞 zuo si cheng Left Assistant Minister 1620 序班 xu ban Usher 1614 右寺丞 you si cheng Right Assistant Minister 1621 外夷通事 wai yi tong shi Foreign Language Interpreter alt. 通事 tong shi 1615 主簿(主簿廳) zhu bu ting zhu bu 殿庭儀禮司 The Palace Ceremonial Office [Hongwu 9 (1376) – Hongwu 30 (1397)] Replaced 侍儀司 shi yi si, and replaced by 鴻臚寺 hong lu si 136 1622 司正 si zheng Director [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 30 (1397)] Replaced 殿庭儀禮使 dian ting yi li shi per Ming Shi, juan 74 1628 殿庭儀禮使 dian ting yi li shi Ceremonial Commissioner [Hongwu 9 (1376) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] Replaced 侍儀使 shi yi shi, and was replaced by 殿庭儀禮司正 dian ting yi li si zheng per Ming Shi, juan 74 1623 左司副 zuo si fu Left Vice Director [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 30 (1397)] Replaced 殿庭儀禮使副 dian ting yi li shi fu per Ming Shi, juan 74 1629 殿庭儀禮使副 dian ting yi li shi fu Ceremonial Vice Commissioner [Hongwu 9 (1376) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] Replaced by 殿庭儀禮司副 dian ting yi li si fu per Ming Shi, juan 74 1624 右司副 you si fu Right Vice Director [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 30 (1397)] Replaced 殿庭儀禮使副 dian ting yi li shi fu per Ming Shi, juan 74 1630 承奉 cheng feng Attendant [Hongwu 9 (1376) – Hongwu 13 (1380)] 1625 左司丞 zuo si cheng Left Assistant Director [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 30 (1397)] 1631 鳴贊 ming zan Herald 1632 序班 xu ban Usher 1626 右司丞 you si cheng Right Assistant Director [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 30 (1397)] 1633 九關通事使 jiu guan tong shi shi Transmission Commissioner for the Capital Gates 1627 司儀 si yi Ceremonials Official [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 30 (1397)] 1634 九關通事使副 jiu guan tong shi shi fu Transmission Vice Commissioner for the Capital Gates 侍儀司 The Office of Palace Ceremonial [Hongwu 4 (1371) - Hongwu 9 (1376)] 137 Replaced by 殿庭儀禮司 1635 侍儀使 shi yi shi Ceremonial Commissioner Replaced by 殿庭儀禮使 dian ting yi li shi in Hongwu 9 (1376) per Ming Shi, juan 74 1637 奉班都知 feng ban du zhi Protocol Officer 1636 引進使 yin jin shi Commissioner for Presentations 1639 通事舍人 tong shi she ren Secretarial Receptionist 1638 通贊 tong zan General Ceremonial Official 欽天監 The Directorate of Astronomy Replaced 司天监 si tian jian in Hongwu 3 (1370) 1640 監正 jian zheng Director of Astrology alt. 欽天監正 qin tian jian zheng Replaced 欽天監令 qin tian jian ling in Hongwu 22 (1389) per Ming Shi, juan 74 Director of the Mid-year Office 1646 秋官正 qiu guan zheng Director of the Autumn Office 1647 冬官正 dong guan zheng Director of the Winter Office 1641 監副 jian fu Vice Director of Astrology alt. 欽天監副 qin tian jian fu Replaced 欽天監丞 qin tian jian cheng in Hongwu 22 (1389) per Ming Shi, juan 74 1648 五官靈臺郎 wu guan ling tai lang Director of the Imperial Observatory in the Five Offices 1649 五官保章正 wu guan bao zhang zheng Director of Calendrical Calculations in the Five Offices 1642 主簿(主簿廳) zhu bu ting zhu bu Recorder of the Recorder's Office 1650 五官挈壺正 wu guan qie hu zheng Supervisor of Water Clocks in the Five Offices 1643 春官正 chun guan zheng Director of the Spring Office 1651 五官監候 wu guan jian hou Astrological Observer in the Five Offices 1644 夏官正 xia guan zheng Director of the Summer Office 1645 中官正 zhong guan zheng 138 1652 五官司曆 wu guan si li Calendar Manager in the Five Offices [Hongwu 3 (1370) – Hongwu 22 (1389)] Replaced by 欽天監副 qin tian jian fu per Ming Shi, juan 74 1653 五官司晨 wu guan si chen Timekeeper in the Five Offices 1658 正儀大夫 zheng yi da fu Grand Master for Astrological Instruments 1654 漏刻博士 lou ke bo shi Erudite of the Water Clock 1659 分朔大夫 fen shuo da fu Grand Master for Calendrical Calculations 1655 監令 jian ling Director of Astrology [Hongwu 3 (1370) – Hongwu 22 (1389)] alt. 欽天監令 qin tian jian ling Replaced by 欽天監正 qin tian jian zheng per Ming Shi, juan 74 1660 司玄大夫 si xuan da fu Grand Master of Divination 1661 平秩郎 ping zhi lang Overseer of Calendrical Calculations 1656 少監 shao jian Vice Director of Astrology [Hongwu 3 (1370) – Hongwu 14 (1381)] 1662 司正郎 si zheng lang Overseer of the Observatory 1663 挈壺郎 qie hu lang Water Clock Manager 1657 監丞 jian cheng Assistant Director of Astrology alt. 欽天監丞 qin tian jian cheng 司天監 The Astronomical Directorate [Hongwu 1 (1368) – Hongwu 3 (1370)] Replaced by 钦天监 si tian jian 1664 監令 jian ling Director of Astrology 1667 主簿 zhu bu Recorder 1665 少監 shao jian Vice Director of Astrology 1668 主事 zhu shi Secretary 1666 監丞 jian cheng Assistant Director of Astrology 1669 五官正 wu guan zheng Supervisor in the Five Offices 139 1670 五官副 wu guan fu Deputy Supervisor in the Five Offices 1673 監候 jian hou Astrological Observer 1671 靈台郎 ling tai lang Manager of the Imperial Observatory 1674 司辰 si chen Timekeeper 1672 保章正 bao zhang zheng Director of Calendrical Calculations 1675 漏刻博士 lou ke bo shi Erudite of the Water Clock 太史院 The Astrological Commission (1367-1368) Replaced 太史監 tai shi jian, and replaced by 司天監 si tian jian 1676 院使 yuan shi Commissioner 1683 紀候郎 ji hou lang Astrological Observer 1677 同知 tong zhi Vice Commissioner 1684 靈臺郎 ling tai lang Manager of the Imperial Observatory 1678 院判 yuan pan Administrative Assistant 1685 保章正 bao zhang zheng Manager of Calendrical Calculations 1679 五官正 wu guan zheng Director of the Five Offices 1686 保章副 bao zhang fu Deputy Manager of Calendrical Calculations 1680 典簿 dian bu Archivist 1687 掌歷 zhang li Calendar Manager 1681 雨暘司 yu yang si Weather Forecaster 1688 管勾 guan gou Clerk 1682 時敍郎 shi xu lang Official in Charge of Time 太史監 The Early Ming Directorate of Astronomy Replaced by 太史院 tai shi yuan in Yuan Zhizheng 27 (1367) 140 1689 太史令 tai shi ling Director of Astrology 1695 靈臺郎 ling tai lang Manager of the Imperial Observatory 1690 通判太史監事 tong pan tai shi jian shi Vice Director of Astrology 1696 保章正 bao zhang zheng Manager of Calendrical Calculations 1691 僉判太史監事 qian pan tai shi jian shi Assistant Director of Astrology 1697 保章副 bao zhang fu Deputy Manager of Calendrical Calculations 1692 校事郎 jiao shi lang Examiner 1698 挈壺正 qie hu zheng Supervisor of Water Clocks 1693 五官正 wu guan zheng Director of the Five Offices 1699 掌曆 zhang li Calendar Manager 1694 五官副 wu guan fu Vice Director of the Five Offices 1700 管勾 guan gou Clerk 回回欽天監 Moslem Astronomy Directorate [Hongwu 3 (1370) – Hongwu 31 (1398)] 回回司天監 The Moslem Directorate of Astronomy [Hongwu 1 (1368) – Hongwu 3 (1370)] 1701 監令 jian ling Director 1703 監丞 jian cheng Assistant Director 1702 少監 shao jian Vice Director 稽疑司 The Office of Divination established in Hongwu 17 (1384) and abolished shortly after 1704 司令 si ling Director alt. 稽疑司令 ji yi si ling 1706 右丞 you cheng Right Vice Director 1705 左丞 zuo cheng Left Vice Director 1707 司筮 si shi Augur 141 太醫院 The Imperial Academy of Medicine 1708 院使 yuan shi Administrator alt. 太醫院使 tai yi yuan shi [Yuan Zhizheng 27 (1367) – Hongwu 14 (1381); Hongwu 22 (1389) -] A post named as 太醫院令 tai yi yuan ling between Hongwu 14 (1381) and Hongwu 22 (1389) per Ming Shi, juan 74 Medical Official 1715 醫士 yi shi Physician 1716 醫生 yi sheng General Medicine Student 1717 大使(生藥庫) sheng yao ku da shi Commissioner of a Herbs Repository 1709 院判 yuan pan Administrative Assistant alt. 太醫院判 tai yi yuan pan [Yuan Zhizheng 27 (1367) – Hongwu 14 (1381); Hongwu 22 (1389) -] A post renamed as 太醫院丞 tai yi yuan cheng between Hongwu 14 (1381) and Hongwu 22 (1389) per Ming Shi, juan 74 1718 副使(生藥庫) sheng yao ku fu shi Vice Commissioner of a Herbs Repository 1719 大使(惠民藥局) hui min yao ju da shi Commissioner of a Public Pharmacy 1720 副使(惠民藥局) hui min yao ju fu shi Vice Commissioner of a Public Pharmacy 1710 御醫 yu yi Imperial Physician alt. 太醫 tai yi 1721 提領(府惠民藥局) fu hui min yao ju ti ling Superintendent of a Prefectural Public Pharmacy 1711 吏目 li mu Medical Clerk 1712 同知 tong zhi Associate Administrator 1722 官醫(州惠民藥局) zhou hui min yao ju guan yi Government Physician in a Subprefectural Public Pharmacy 1713 典簿 dian bu Medical Record Archivist 1714 醫官 yi guan 142 1727 藥童(御藥局) yu yao ju yao tong Apprentice Pharmacist in the Imperial Pharmacy 1723 官醫(縣惠民藥局) xian hui min yao ju guan yi Government Physician in a District Public Pharmacy 1728 令 ling Director 1381-1389 [Hongwu 14 (1381) – Hongwu 22 (1389)] Renamed from and to 院使 yuan shi 1724 尚藥(御藥局) yu yao ju shang yao Medicine Manager of the Imperial Pharmacy 1725 奉御(御藥局) yu yao ju feng yu Chief Steward of the Imperial Pharmacy 1729 丞 cheng Assistant Director [Hongwu 14 (1381) – Hongwu 22 (1389)] Renamed from and to 院判 yuan pan 1726 直長(御藥局) yu yao ju zhi zhang Foreman in the Imperial Pharmacy ) 太醫監 The Directorate of Imperial Medicine Replaced 醫學提舉司 before Yuan Zhizheng 27 (1367), and replaced by 太醫院 in Yuan Zhizheng 27 (1367)) ) 1730 少監 shao jian 1731 監臣 jian chen Director Vice Director 醫學提舉司 The Supervisory of Medicine The preceeding office of 太醫監 tai yi jian 1732 提舉 ti ju Supervisor 1736 學正 xue zheng Medical Instructor Second-class 1733 同提舉 tong ti ju Deputy Vice Supervisor 1737 官醫 guan yi Government Physician 1734 副提舉 fu ti ju Vice Supervisor 1738 提領 ti ling Superintendent of Medical Education 1735 醫學教授 yi xue jiao shou Medical Instructor 143 上林苑監 The Directorate of Imperial Parks 1739 左監正 zuo jian zheng Supervisor of the Left Manager of the Fowl Office [Yongle 5 (1407) – Jiajing 1 (1522)] 1750 署丞(蕃育署) fan yu shu shu cheng Vice Manager of the Fowl Office [Yongle 5 (1407) -] 1740 右監正 you jian zheng Supervisor of the Right 1741 左監副 zuo jian fu Vice Supervisor of the Left 1751 錄事(蕃育署) fan yu shu lu shi Overseer of the Fowl Office [Yongle 5 (1407) -] 1742 右監副 you jian fu Vice Supervisor of the Right 1752 典署(林衡署) lin heng shu dian shu Manager of the Office of Fruits and Flowers [Yongle 5 (1407) -] 1743 左監丞 zuo jian cheng Assistant Supervisor of the Left 1744 右監丞 you jian cheng Assistant Supervisor of the Right 1753 署丞(林衡署) lin heng shu shu cheng Vice Manager of the Office of Fruits and Flowers [Yongle 5 (1407) -] 1745 典簿(典簿廳) dian bu ting dian bu Archivist of the Archives 1746 典署(良牧署) liang mu shu dian shu Manager of the Husbandry Office [Yongle 5 (1407) -] 1754 錄事(林衡署) lin heng shu lu shi Overseer of the Office of Fruits and Flowers [Yongle 5 (1407) – Jiajing 1 (1522)] 1747 署丞(良牧署) liang mu shu shu cheng Vice Manager of the Husbandry Office [Yongle 5 (1407) -] 1755 典署(嘉蔬署) jia shu shu dian shu Manager of the Office of Vegetables [Yongle 5 (1407) – Jiajing 1 (1522)] 1756 署丞(嘉蔬署) jia shu shu shu cheng Vice Manager of the Office of Vegetables [Yongle 5 (1407) -] 1748 錄事(良牧署) liang mu shu lu shi Overseer of the Husbandry Office [Yongle 5 (1407) -] 1749 典署(蕃育署) fan yu shu dian shu 144 1757 錄事(嘉蔬署) jia shu shu lu shi Overseer of the Office of Vegetables [Yongle 5 (1407) – Jiajing 1 (1522)] 145 僧道官門 Buddhist and Daoist Registries 僧錄司 The Central Buddhist Registry 1758 左善世 zuo shan shi Left Buddhist Patriarch 1762 左講經 zuo jiang jing Left Lecturing Monk 1759 右善世 you shan shi Right Buddhist Patriarch 1763 右講經 you jiang jing Right Lecturing Monk 1760 左闡教 zuo chan jiao Left Supervisory Monk for Buddhist Practices 1764 左覺義 zuo jue yi Left Buddhist Rectifier 1765 右覺義 you jue yi Right Buddhist Rectifier 1761 右闡教 you chan jiao Right Supervisor Monk for Buddhist practices 道錄司 The Central Taoist Registry 1766 左正一 zuo zheng yi Left Daoist Patriarch 1770 左至靈 zuo zhi ling Left Sacrificial Priest 1767 右正一 you zheng yi Right Daoist Patriarch 1771 右至靈 you zhi ling Right Sacrificial Priest 1768 左演法 zuo yan fa Left Expounder 1772 左玄義 zuo xuan yi Left Elucidator for Daoist Bible 1769 右演法 you yan fa Right Expounder 1773 右玄義 you xuan yi Right Elucidator for Daoist Bible 146 附: 名道觀 Significant Daoist Temples 1774 正一真人(龍虎山) longhushan zheng yi zhen ren Daoist Patriarch in Mt.Longhu 1777 掌書(龍虎山)zhang shu Daoist Secretary in Mt. Longhu 1778 靈官(閣皁山) gezaoshan ling guan Numinous Daoist Officer in Mt. Gezao 1775 法官(龍虎山) longhushan fa guan Daoist Attendant for Exorcising Thunders and Evil Spirits in Mt. Longhu 1779 靈官(三茅山) sanmaoshan ling guan Numinous Daoist Officer in Mt. Sanmao 1776 贊教(龍虎山) longhushan zan jiao Daoist Assistant for Lecturing in Mt. Longhu 1780 提點(太和山) taiheshan ti dian Daoist Superintendent in Mt. Taihe 147 司法監察機構類 Legislation and Censorship 148 監察門 Censorship 都察院 The Censorate 1781 左都御史 zuo du yu shi Left Censor-in-chief 1789 司務(司務廳) si wu ting si wu Manager of the General Services Office 1782 右都御史 you du yu shi Right Censor-in-chief 1790 照磨(照磨所) zhao mo suo zhao mo Record Keeper in the Records Office 1783 左副都御史 zuo fu du yu shi Left Vice Censor-in-chief alt. 副都御史 fu du yu shi 1791 檢校(照磨所) zhao mo suo jian jiao Proofreader in the Records Office 1784 右副都御史 you fu du yu shi Right Vice Censor-in-chief alt. 副都御史 fu du yu shi 1792 司獄(司獄司) si yu si si yu Warder of the Prison 1785 左僉都御史 zuo qian du yu shi Left Assistant Censor-in-chief alt. 僉都御史 qian du yu shi; 僉院 qian yuan 1793 監察都御史 jian cha du yu shi Chief Investigating Censor alt. 都御史 du yu shi 1794 監察御史(浙江道) zhejiang dao jian cha yu shi Investigating Censor of the Zhejiang Circuit alt.御史 yu shi; 耳目官 er mu guan; 採 訪使 cai fang shi 1786 右僉都御史 you qian du yu shi Right Assistant Censor-in-chief alt. 僉都御史 qian du yu shi; 僉院 qian yuan 1787 經歷(經歷司) jing li si jing li Registrar of the Registry 1795 監察御史(江西道) jiangxi dao jian cha yu shi Investigating Censor of the Jiangxi Circuit 1788 都事(經歷司) jing li si du shi Office Manager of the Registry 149 alt.御史 yu shi; 耳目官 er mu guan; 採 訪使 cai fang shi 1801 監察御史(廣西道) guangxi dao jian cha yu shi Investigating Censor of the Guangxi Circuit alt.御史 yu shi; 耳目官 er mu guan; 採 訪使 cai fang shi 1796 監察御史(福建道) fujian dao jian cha yu shi Investigating Censor of the Fujian Circuit alt.御史 yu shi; 耳目官 er mu guan; 採 訪使 cai fang shi 1802 監察御史(廣東道) guangdong dao jian cha yu shi Investigating Censor of the Guangdong Circuit alt.御史 yu shi; 耳目官 er mu guan; 採 訪使 cai fang shi 1797 監察御史(四川道) sichuan dao jian cha yu shi Investigating Censor of the Sichuan Circuit alt.御史 yu shi; 耳目官 er mu guan; 採 訪使 cai fang shi 1803 監察御史(山西道) shanxi dao jian cha yu shi Investigating Censor of the Shanxi Circuit alt.御史 yu shi; 耳目官 er mu guan; 採 訪使 cai fang shi 1798 監察御史(陝西道) shaanxi dao jian cha yu shi Investigating Censor of the Shaanxi Circuit alt.御史 yu shi; 耳目官 er mu guan; 採 訪使 cai fang shi 1804 監察御史(山東道) shandong dao jian cha yu shi Investigating Censor of the Shandong Circuit alt.御史 yu shi; 耳目官 er mu guan; 採 訪使 cai fang shi 1799 監察御史(雲南道) yunnan dao jian cha yu shi Investigating Censor of the Yunnan Circuit [Yongle 10 (1420) -] alt.御史 yu shi; 耳目官 er mu guan; 採 訪使 cai fang shi 1805 監察御史(湖廣道) huguang dao jian cha yu shi Investigating Censor of the Huguang Circuit alt.御史 yu shi; 耳目官 er mu guan; 採 訪使 cai fang shi 1800 監察御史(河南道) henan dao jian cha yu shi Investigating Censor of the Henan Circuit alt.御史 yu shi; 耳目官 er mu guan; 採 訪使 cai fang shi 1806 監察御史(貴州道) gui zhou dao jian cha yu shi Investigating Censor of the Guizhou Circuit [Yongle 18 (1420) -] 150 alt. 御史 yu shi; 耳目官 er mu guan; 採訪使 cai fang shi Inspecting Censor of the Court of Imperial Entertainments 1807 監察御史(北京道) bei jing dao jian cha yu shi Investigating Censor of the Beijing Circuit [Yongle 1 (1403) – Yongle 18 (1420)] alt.御史 yu shi; 耳目官 er mu guan; 採 訪使 cai fang shi 1814 巡視倉場御史 xun shi cang chang yu shi Granary-inspecting Censor alt. 巡倉御史 xun cang yu shi 1808 監察御史(北平道) bei ping dao jian cha yu shi Investigating Censor of the Beiping Circuit [Hongwu 15 (1382) – Yongle 1 (1403)] alt. 御史 yu shi; 耳目官 er mu guan; 採訪使 cai fang shi 1816 巡城御史 xun cheng yu shi Ward-inspecting Censor alt. 巡視五城御史 xun wu cheng yu shi 1815 巡視內庫御史 xun shi nei ku yu shi Storehouse-inspecting Censor 1817 巡視皇城御史 xun shi huang cheng yu shi Inspecting Censor at Imperial Capital Wards alt. 巡皇城御史 xun huang cheng yu shi; 巡城御史 xun cheng yu shi 1809 監察御史(交阯道) jiao zhi dao jian cha yu shi Investigating Censor of the Jiaozhi Circuit [Yongle 18 (1420) – Xuande 10 (1435)] alt.御史 yu shi; 耳目官 er mu guan; 採 訪使 cai fang shi 1818 巡江御史 xun jiang yu shi River-patrol Censor 1819 巡按御史 xun an yu shi Regional Investigating Censor 1820 提督學校御史 ti du xue xiao yu shi Education-intendant Censor alt. 提學御史 ti xue yu shi 1810 刷卷御史 shua juan yu shi Record Checking Censor 1811 清軍御史 qing jun yu shi Army Inspection Censor 1821 巡鹽御史 xun yan yu shi Salt-control Censor alt. 巡視鹽政御史 xun shi yan zheng yu shi 1812 巡視京營御史 xun shi jing ying yu shi Inspecting Censor of Capital Training Divisions 1822 巡茶馬御史 xun cha ma yu shi Horse Trade Censor 1813 巡視光祿御史 xun shi guang lu yu shi 151 1826 印馬御史 yin ma yu shi Imperial-Horse-Inspecting Censor 1823 巡漕御史 xun cao yu shi Grain-Transport Censor 1827 屯田御史 tun tian yu shi State-farm-inspecting Censor 1824 儹運御史 zan yun yu shi Transport-control Censor 1828 鈔關御史 chao guan yu shi Customs-house-inspecting Censor [Xuande 4 (1429) – Zhengtong 10 (1445)] 1825 巡關御史 xun guan yu shi Inspecting Censor of Great Wall Passes 御史府 The Office of Censors (1400-1403) 1829 御史大夫 yu shi da fu Censor-in-chief 1831 御史(右院) you yuan yu shi Censor of the Right Tribunal 1830 御史(左院) zuo yuan yu shi Censor of the Left Tribunal 御史臺 The Censorate (1367-1380) 1836 右中丞 you zhong cheng Right Vice Censor-in-chief 1832 左御史大夫 zuo yu shi da fu Left Censor-in-chief alt. 御史大夫 yu shi da fu 1837 侍御史 shi yu shi Attendant Censor alt. 侍御 shi yu 1833 右御史大夫 you yu shi da fu Right Censor-in-chief alt. 御史大夫 yu shi da fu 1838 左侍御史 zuo shi yu shi Left Attendant Censor 1834 御史中丞 yu shi zhong cheng Vice Censor-in-chief 1839 右侍御史 you shi yu shi Right Attendant Censor 1835 左中丞 zuo zhong cheng Left Vice Censor-in-chief 1840 治書侍御史 zhi shu shi yu shi Secretarial Censor 152 Registrar in the Investigation Bureau Abolished in Hongwu 9 (1376) Ming Shi, juan 73 1844 都事(察院) cha yuan du shi Office Manager in the Investigation Bureau 1841 殿中侍御史 dian zhong shi yu shi Palace Censor Abolished in Hongwu 9 (1376) per Ming Shi, juan 73 1845 照磨(察院) cha yuan zhao mo Record keeper in the Investigation Bureau 1842 監察御史(察院) cha yuan jian cha yu shi Investigating Censor in the Investigation Bureau 1846 管勾(察院) cha yuan guan gou Clerk in the Investigation Bureau 1843 經歷(察院) cha yuan jing li 總督巡撫官 Supreme Commanders and Grand Coordinators 1847 總督 zong du Supreme Commander 1850 薊遼總督 jiliao baoding zong du Supreme Commander of Military Affairs, and Concurrently Directorgeneral of Supplies, in Jiliao and Baoding [Jiajing 29 (1550) -] alt. 總督薊遼、保定等處軍務兼理糧 餉 zong du jiliao baoding deng chu jun wu jian li liang xiang 1848 巡撫 xun fu Grand Coordinator 1849 總督漕運 zong du cao yun Director-general of Grain Transport, and Concurrently Superintendent of Miliary Affairs and Grand Coordinator in Fengyang alt. 漕運總督 cao yun zong du; 總督 漕運兼提督軍務巡撫鳳陽等處 zong du cao yun jian ti du jun wu xun fu feng yang deng chu; 總督漕運兼提督 軍務巡撫鳳陽等處兼管河道 zong du cao yun jian ti du jun wu xun fu feng yang deng chu jian guan he dao 1851 宣大總督 xuanda zong du Supreme Commander of Military Affairs, and Concurrently Directorgeneral of Supplies, in Xuanda and Shanxi [Jiajing 29 (1550) -] alt. 總督宣大、山西等處軍務兼理糧 餉 zong du jiliao baoding deng chu jun wu jian li liang xiang 153 1852 三邊總督 san bian zong du Supreme Commander of Military Affairs in the Three Frontiers of Shaanxi alt. 三邊總制 san bian zong zhi; 總督 陝西三邊軍務 zong du shaanxi san bian jun wu A post created in Jiajing 4 (1525), originally named as 三邊提督軍務 san bian ti du jun wu, but later changed to 總制三邊軍務 zong zhi san bian jun wu in Jiajing 7 (1528) and 總督陝西三邊軍務 zong du shaanxi san bian jun wu in Jiajing 19year (1540) alt. 總督浙江、福建、江南兼制江西 軍務 zong du zhejiang fujian jiangnan jian zhi jiangxi jun wu 1856 五省總督 wu sheng zong du Supreme Commander of Military Affairs in the Five Provinces, including Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan, Huguang and Sichuan [Chongzhen 7 (1634) -] alt. 總督陝西、 山西、 河南、湖 廣、四川五省軍務 zong du shaanxi shanxi henan huguang sichuan wu sheng jun wu 1857 鳳陽總督 fengyang zong du Supreme Commander of Military Affairs in Fengyang Plus Henan and Huguang [Chongzhen 14 (1641) -] alt. 總督鳳陽地方兼制河南、湖廣軍 務 zong du fengyang di fang jian zhi henan huguang jun wu 1853 兩廣總督 liang guang zong du Supreme Commander of Military Affairs and Director-general of Grain and Salt Supplies in Guangdong and Guangxi, and Grand Coordinator in Guangdong alt. 總督兩廣軍務兼理糧餉帶管鹽法 兼巡撫廣東地方 zong du liang guang jun wu jian li liang xiang dai guan yan fa jian xun fu guang dong di fang 1858 河南總督 henan zong du Supreme Commander of Military Affairs in Henan and Huguang, and Concurrently Grand Coordinator in Henan [Chongzhen 16 (1643) -] alt. 總督河南、湖廣軍務兼巡撫河南 zong du henan huguang jun wu jian xun fu henan 1854 四川總督 sichuan zong du Supreme Commander of Military Affairs in Sichuan, Shaanxi, Henan and Huguang alt. 總督四川、陝西、 河南、湖廣等 處軍務 zong du sichuan shaanxi henan huguang deng chu jun wu 1859 九江總督 jiujiang zong du Supreme Commander of Military Affairs in Jiujiang Plus Jiangxi and Huguang [Chongzhen 16 (1643) -] 1855 浙直總督 zhe zhi zong du Supreme Commander of Military Affairs in Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangnan, plus Jiangxi [Jiajing 33 (1554) – Jiajing 41 (1562)] 154 alt. 總督九江地方兼制江西、湖廣軍 務 zong du jiujiang di fang jian zhi jiangxi huguang jun wu Grand Coordinator and Concurrently Superintendent of Military Affairs in Fujian alt. 巡撫福建地方兼提督軍務 xun fu fujian di fang jian ti du jun wu 1860 總理軍務 zong li jun wu Superintendent of Military Affairs in the Southern Metropolitan Area, Henan, Shandong, Huguang and Sichuan [Chongzhen 8(1635) -] alt. 總理南直隸、河南、山東、湖 廣、四川軍務 zong li nan zhi li henan shandong huguang sichuan jun wu 1865 順天巡撫 shuntian xun fu Grand Coordinator of Shuntian and Surrounding Prefectures and Surveillance Commissioner of Jizhou Military Defense Circuit alt. 巡撫順天等府地方兼整飭薊州等 處邊備 xun fu shuntian deng fu di fang jian zheng chi ji zhou deng chu bian bei 1861 總理河漕 zong li he chao Superintendent of the Grand Canal and Grain Transport, Plus Military Affairs [Yongle 9 (1411) – Wanli 8 (1580)] alt. 總理河漕兼提督軍務 zong li he chao jian ti du jun wu, 總督河道 zong du he dao, 河道總督 he dao zong du 1866 保定巡撫 baoding xun fu Grand Coordinator and Superintendent of Zijing and Other Passes Plus Canals in Baoding and Surrounding Prefectures alt. 巡撫保定等府提督紫荊等關兼管 河道 xun fu baoding deng fu ti du zijing deng guan jian guan he dao 1862 總理糧儲 zong li liang chu Superintendent of Grain Supplies and Military Affairs, and Concurrently Grand Coordinator in Yintian and Other Surrounding Prefectures alt. 總理糧儲提督軍務兼巡撫應天等 府 zong li liang chu ti du jun wu jian xun fu ying tian deng fu 1867 河南巡撫 henan xun fu Grand Coordinator and Concurrently Superintendent of Canal Transportation and Military Affairs in Henan alt. 巡撫河南等處地方兼管河道提督 軍務 xun fu henan deng chu di fang jian guan he dao ti du jun wu 1863 浙江巡撫 zhejiang xun fu Grand Coordinator and Concurrently Superintendent of Military Affairs in Zhejiang alt. 巡撫浙江等處地方兼提督軍務 xun fu zhejiang deng chu di fang jian ti du jun wu 1868 山西巡撫 shanxi xun fu Grand Coodinator in Shanxi and Concurrently Superintendent of Military Affairs at Yanmen and Other Passes 1864 福建巡撫 fujian xun fu 155 alt. 巡撫山西地方兼提督雁門等關軍 務 xun fu shanxi di fang jian ti du yan men deng guan jun wu Grand Coordinator and Superintendent of Military Affairs in Ningxia alt. 巡撫寧夏地方贊理軍務 xun fu ningxia di fang zan li jun wu 1869 山東巡撫 shandong xun fu Grand Coordinator and Superintendent of Farms and Canals Plus Military Affairs in Shandong alt. 巡撫山東等處地方督理營田兼管 河道提督軍務 xun fu shandong deng chu di fang du li ying tian jian guan he dao ti du jun wu 1875 甘肅巡撫 gansu xun fu Grand Coordinator and Superintendent of Military Affairs in Gansu alt. 巡撫甘肅等處贊理軍務 xun fu gansu deng chu zan li jun wu 1876 陝西巡撫 shaanxi xun fu Grand Coordinator and Superintendent of Military Affairs in Shaanxi alt. 巡撫陝西地方贊理軍務 xun fu shaanxi di fang zan li jun wu 1870 遼東巡撫 liaodong xun fu Grand Coordinator and Superintendent of Military Affairs in Liaodong [Zhengtong 1 (1436) -] alt. 巡撫遼東地方贊理軍務 xun fu liaodong di fang zan li jun wu 1877 四川巡撫 sichuan xun fu Grand Coordinator and Concurrently Superintendent of Military Affairs in Sichuan alt. 巡撫四川等處地方兼提督軍務 xun fu sichuan deng chu di fang jian ti du jun wu 1871 宣府巡撫 xuanfu xun fu Grand Coordinator and Superintendent of Military Affairs in Xuanfu alt. 巡撫宣府地方贊理軍務 xun fu xuanfu di fang zan li jun wu 1878 湖廣巡撫 huguang xun fu Grand Coordinator and Concurrently Superintendent of Military Affairs in Huguang alt. 巡撫湖廣等處地方兼贊理軍務 xun fu huguang deng chu di fang jian zan li jun wu 1872 大同巡撫 datong xun fu Grand Coordinator and Superintendent of Military Affairs in Datong alt. 巡撫大同地方贊理軍務 xun fu datong di fang zan li jun wu 1873 延綏巡撫 yansui xun fu Grand Coordinator and Superintendent of Military Affairs in Yansui alt. 巡撫延綏等處贊理軍務 xun fu yansui deng chu zan li jun wu 1879 江西巡撫 jiangxi xun fu Grand Coordinator and Concurrently Superintendent of Military Affairs in Jiangxi alt. 巡撫江西地方兼理軍務 xun fu jiangxi di fang jian li jun wu 1874 寧夏巡撫 ningxia xun fu 156 1880 南贛巡撫 nangan xun fu Grand Coordinator and Superintendent of Military Affairs in Nan'gan and Tingshao alt. 巡撫南贛汀韶等處地方提督軍務 xun fu nangan tingshao deng chu di fang ti du jun wu li hu bei chuan dong deng chu di fang ti du jun wu. 1885 天津巡撫 tianjin xun fu Grand Coordinator and Superintendent of Military Affairs in Tianjin [Wanli 25 (1597) -] alt. 巡撫天津地方贊理軍務 xun fu tianjin di fang zan li jun wu 1881 廣東巡撫 guangdong xun fu Grand Coordinator and Concurrently Superintendent of Military Affairs in Guangdong alt. 巡撫廣東地方兼贊理軍務 xun fu guangdong di fang jian zan li jun wu 1886 登萊巡撫 denglai xun fu Grand Coordinator and Superintendent of Military Affairs in Dengzhou and Laizhou [Tianqi 1 (1621) -] alt. 巡撫登萊地方贊理軍務 xun fu denglai di fang zan li jun wu 1882 廣西巡撫 guangxi xun fu Grand Coordinator in Guangxi alt. 巡撫廣西地方 xun fu guangxi di fang 1887 安廬巡撫 anlu xun fu Grand Coordinator and Superintendent of Military Affairs in Anqing and Luzhou [Chongzhen 10 (1637) -] alt.巡撫安廬地方贊理軍務 xun fu anlu di fang zan li jun wu 1883 雲南巡撫 yunnan xun fu Grand Coordinator and Superintendent of Military Affairs in Yunnan Plus Jianchang and Bijie, and Concurrently Director-general of Grain Supplies in Sichuan and Guizhou alt. 巡撫雲南兼建昌、畢節等處地方 贊理軍務兼督川、貴糧餉 xun fu yunnan jian jianchang bijie deng chu di fang zan li jun wu jian du chuan gui liang xiang 1888 偏沅巡撫 pianyuan xun fu Grand Coordinator and Superintendent of Military Affairs in Pianyuan [Chongzhen 2 (1629) -] alt. 巡撫偏沅地方贊理軍務 xun fu pianyuan di fang zan li jun wu 1884 貴州巡撫 guizhou xun fu Grand Coordinator in Guizhou and Concurrently Superintendent of Military Affairs in Hubei and Chuandong alt. 巡撫貴州兼督理湖北、川東等處 地方提督軍務 xun fu guizhou jian du 1889 密雲巡撫 miyun xun fu Grand Coordinator and Superintendent of Military Affairs in Miyun [Chongzhen 11 (1638) -] alt. 巡撫密雲地方贊理軍務 xun fu miyun di fang zan li jun wu 157 1890 淮揚巡撫 huaiyang xun fu Grand Coordinator and Superintendent of Military Affairs in Huaiyang [Chongzhen 11 (1638) -] alt. 巡撫淮揚地方贊理軍務 xun fu huaiyang di fang zan li jun wu 1892 鄖陽撫治 yunyang fu zhi Grand Coordinator and Concurrently Superintendent of Military Affairs in Yunyang alt. 撫治鄖陽等處地方兼提督軍務 fu zhi yunyang deng chu di fang jian ti du jun wu 1891 承天巡撫 chengtian xun fu Grand Coordinator and Superintendent of Military Affairs in Chengtian [Chongzhen 16 (1643) -] alt. 巡撫承天贊理軍務 xun fu chengtian zan li jun wu 1893 贊理松潘地方軍務 zan li song pan di fang jun wu Superintendent of Military Affairs in Liaodong 京畿都漕運司 The Transport Office in the Metropolitan Region [Hongwu 1 (1368) – Hongwu 14 (1381)] 1894 漕運使 cao yun shi Transport Commissioner of the Metropolitan Region Supervisor of Grain Transport Archives 1897 監運 jian yun Supervisor of Transport 1895 知事 zhi shi Administrative Clerk for Grain Transport 1898 都綱 du gang Office Clerk 1896 提控案牘 ti kong an du 158 司法門 Legislation 大理寺 The Court of Judicial Review 1899 卿 qing Chief Minister alt. 大理卿 da li qing 1908 寺副(右寺) you si si fu Vice Director of the Right Court of Review 1900 左少卿 zuo shao qing Left Vice Minister alt. 大理少卿 da li shao qing 1909 左評事 zuo ping shi Left Case Reviewer alt. 大理左評事 da li zuo ping shi 1901 右少卿 you shao qing Right Vice Minister alt. 大理少卿 da li shao qing 1910 右評事 you ping shi Right Case Reviewer alt. 大理右評事 da li you ping shi 1902 左寺丞 zuo si cheng Left Assistant Minister alt. 大理寺丞 da li si cheng 1911 都評事(左司) zuo si du ping shi Director of the Left Office of Review [Mid-Jianwen (cir. 1400) – Early Yongle (cir. 1403)] 1903 右寺丞 you si cheng Right Assistant Minister alt. 大理寺丞 da li si cheng 1912 副都評事(左司) zuo si fu du ping shi Vice Director of the Left Office of Review [Mid-Jianwen (cir. 1400) – Early Yongle (cir. 1403)] 1904 司務(司務廳) si wu ting si wu Manager of the General Services Office 1913 都評事(右司) you si du ping shi Director of the Right Office of Review [Mid-Jianwen (cir. 1400) – Early Yongle (cir. 1403)] 1905 寺正(左寺) zuo si si zheng Director of the Left Court of Review 1906 寺副(左寺) zuo si si fu Vice Director of the Left Court of Review 1914 副都評事(右司) you si fu du ping shi Vice Director of the Right Office of Review 1907 寺正(右寺) you si si zheng Director of the Right Court of Review 159 1915 都典簿 du dian bu Office Manager [Mid-Jianwen (cir. 1400) – Early Yongle (cir. 1403)] [Mid-Jianwen (cir. 1400) – Early Yongle (cir. 1403)] 審刑司 The Punishment Reviewing Office [Hongwu 14 (1381) – Hongwu 19 (1386); Hongwu 22 (1389) – Hongwu 29 (1396)] 1916 左審刑 zuo shen xing Left Punishment Reviewer 1918 左詳議 zuo xiang yi Left Evaluator 1917 右審刑 you shen xing Right Punishment Reviewer 1919 右詳議 you xiang yi Right Evaluator 磨勘司 The Office of Judicial Review [Hongwu 3 (1370) – Hongwu 10 (1377); Hongwu 14 (1381) – Hongwu 20 (1387)] 1924 左司副 zuo si fu Left Assistant Director [Hongwu 14 (1381) – Hongwu 20 (1387)] 1920 司令 si ling Judicial Review Director 1921 司丞 si cheng Deputy Director [Hongwu 3 (1370) – Hongwu 10 (1377)] 1925 右司副 you si fu Right Assistant Director [Hongwu 14 (1381) – Hongwu 20 (1387)] 1922 左司丞 zuo si cheng Left Deputy Director [Hongwu 14 (1381) – Hongwu 20 (1387)] 1926 首領官 shou ling guan Staff Supervisor [Hongwu 7 (1374) – Hongwu 10 (1377)] 1923 右司丞 you si cheng Right Deputy Director [Hongwu 14 (1381) – Hongwu 20 (1387)] 160 京衛京營與中央軍事官署類 Central and Capital Militaries 161 大都督府門 The Chief Military Commissions 中軍都督府 The Chief Military Commission of the Center 1927 左都督 zuo du du Left Commissioner-in-chief alt. 中軍左都督 zhong jun zuo du du 1934 左參軍(參軍府) can jun fu zuo can jun Left Chief Adjutant of the Adjutants Office 1928 右都督 you du du Right Commissioner-in-chief alt. 中軍右都督 zhong jun you du du 1935 右參軍(參軍府) can jun fu you can jun Right Chief Adjutant of the Adjutants Office 1929 都督同知 du du tong zhi Vice Commissioner-in-chief alt. 中軍都督同知 zhong jun du du tong zhi 1936 五軍斷事官 wu jun duan shi guan Judge in the Five Chief Military Commissions [Hongwu 13 (1380) – Mid-Jianwe (cir. 1400)] A post homed in 中軍都督府 zhong jun du du fu till Hongwu 23 (1390) when five offices (Left, Right, Center, Front and Rear) were established 1930 都督僉事 du du qian shi Assistant Commissioner-in-chief alt. 中軍都督僉事 zhong jun du du qian shi 1931 僉書 qian shu Notary of the Administrative Assistant 1937 左斷事 zuo duan shi Left Judge 1932 經歷(經歷司) jing li si jing li Registrar of the Registry 1938 右斷事 you duan shi Right Judge 1933 都事(經歷司) jing li si du shi Office Manager of the Registry Office 1939 提控案牘 ti kong an du Record Keeper 162 左軍都督府 The Chief Military Commission of the Left 1940 左都督 zuo du du Left Commissioner-in-chief alt. 左軍左都督 zuo jun zuo du du 1946 都事(經歷司) jing li si du shi Office Manager of the Registry 1947 左參軍(參軍府) can jun fu zuo can jun Left Chief Adjutant of the Adjutants Office 1941 右都督 you du du Right Commissioner-in-chief alt. 左軍右都督 zuo jun you du du 1942 都督同知 du du tong zhi Vice Commissioner-in-chief alt. 左軍都督同知 zuo jun du du tong zhi 1948 右參軍(參軍府) can jun fu you can jun Right Chief Adjutant of the Adjutants Office 1943 都督僉事 du du qian shi Assistant Commissioner-in-chief alt. 左軍都督僉事 zuo jun du du qian shi 1949 左斷事 zuo duan shi Left Judge 1950 右斷事 you duan shi Right Judge 1944 僉書 qian shu Notary of the Administrative Assistant 1951 提控案牘 ti kong an du Record Keeper 1945 經歷(經歷司) jing li si jing li Registrar of the Registry 右軍都督府 The Chief Military Commission of the Right 1952 左都督 zuo du du Left Commissioner-in-chief alt. 右軍左都督 you jun zuo du du Vice Commissioner-in-chief alt. 右軍都督同知 you jun du du tong zhi 1953 右都督 you du du Right Commissioner-in-chief alt. 右軍右都督 you jun you du du 1955 都督僉事 du du qian shi Assistant Commissioner-in-chief alt. 右軍都督僉事 you jun du du qian shi 1954 都督同知 du du tong zhi 163 1960 右參軍(參軍府) can jun fu you can jun Right Chief Adjutant of the Adjutants Office 1956 僉書 qian shu Notary of the Administrative Assistant 1957 經歷(經歷司) jing li si jing li Registrar of the Registry 1961 左斷事 zuo duan shi Left Judge 1958 都事(經歷司) jing li si du shi Office Manager of the Registry 1962 右斷事 you duan shi Right Judge 1959 左參軍(參軍府) can jun fu zuo can jun Left Chief Adjutant of the Adjutants Office 1963 提控案牘 ti kong an du Record Keeper 前軍都督府 The Chief Military Commission of the Front 1964 左都督 zuo du du Left Commissioner-in-chief alt. 前軍左都督 qian jun zuo du du 1969 經歷(經歷司) jing li si jing li Registrar of the Registry 1970 都事(經歷司) jing li si du shi Office Manager of the Registry 1965 右都督 you du du Right Commissioner-in-chief alt. 前軍右都督 qian jun qian du du 1971 左參軍(參軍府) can jun fu zuo can jun Left Chief Adjutant of the Adjutants Office 1966 都督同知 du du tong zhi Vice Commissioner-in-chief alt. 前軍都督同知 qian jun du du tong zhi 1972 右參軍(參軍府) can jun fu you can jun Right Chief Adjutant of the Adjutants Office 1967 都督僉事 du du qian shi Assistant Commissioner-in-chief alt.前軍都督僉事 qian jun du du qian shi 1973 左斷事 zuo duan shi Left Judge 1968 僉書 qian shu Notary of the Administrative Assistant 1974 右斷事 you duan shi Right Judge 164 1975 提控案牘 ti kong an du Record Keeper 後軍都督府 The Chief Military Commission of the Rear 1982 都事(經歷司) jing li si du shi Office Manager of the Registry 1976 左都督 zuo du du Left Commissioner-in-chief alt. 後軍左都督 hou jun zuo du du 1977 右都督 you du du Right Commissioner-in-chief alt. 後軍後都督 hou jun hou du du 1983 左參軍(參軍府) can jun fu zuo can jun Left Chief Adjutant of the Adjutants Office 1978 都督同知 du du tong zhi Vice Commissioner-in-chief alt. 後軍都督同知 hou jun du du tong zhi 1984 右參軍(參軍府) can jun fu you can jun Right Chief Adjutant of the Adjutants Office 1979 都督僉事 du du qian shi Assistant Commissioner-in-chief alt.後軍都督僉事 hou jun du du hou shi 1985 左斷事 zuo duan shi Left Judge 1986 右斷事 you duan shi Right Judge 1980 僉書 qian shu Notary of the Administrative Assistant 1987 提控案牘 ti kong an du Record Keeper 1981 經歷(經歷司) jing li si jing li Registrar of the Registry 大都督府 The Grand Chief Military Commission An office replaced by 五軍都督府 wu jun du du fu, including 中軍 zhong jun, 左軍 zuo jun, 右 軍 you jun, 前軍 qian jun and 後軍 hou jun, starting in Hongwu 13 (1380) Abolished in the 1st year of the Wu (1367) per Ming Shi, juan 76 1988 大都督 da du du Grand Chief Commissioner 165 1989 左都督 zuo du du Left Commissioner-in-chief Assistant Administration Commissioner Replaced by 掌判官 zhang pan guan in Hongwu 9 (1380) per Ming Shi, juan 76 1990 右都督 you du du Right Commissioner-in-chief 1991 同知都督 tong zhi du du Vice Commissioner-in-chief 1996 經歷 jing li Registrar 1992 副都督 fu du du Associate Commissioner-in-chief Abolished in Hongwu 9 (1376) per Ming Shi, juan 76 1997 断事官 duan shi guan Judge 1998 都事 du shi Office Manager 1993 僉都督 qian du du Assistant Commissioner-in-chief 1999 照磨 zhao mo Record Keeper 1994 掌判官 zhang pan guan Assistant Administration Commissioner Replaced 參議 can yi in Hongwu 9 (1380) per Ming Shi, juan 76 2000 司馬 si ma Major 2001 參軍 can jun Adjutant 1995 參議 can yi 166 五城兵馬指揮司門 Wardens' Offices of the Five Wards 中兵馬指揮司 The Center Warden's Office Hongwu 23 (1390) – Mid-Jianwen (cir.1400); Yongle 1 (1403) – 2002 指揮 zhi hui Commander 2004 吏目 li mu Clerk 2003 副指揮 fu zhi hui Deputy Commander 東城兵馬指揮司 The East Warden's Office Hongwu 23 (1390) – Mid-Jianwen (cir.1400); Yongle 1 (1403) – 2005 指揮 zhi hui Commander 2007 吏目 li mu Clerk 2006 副指揮 fu zhi hui Deputy Commander 西城兵馬指揮司 The West Warden's Office Hongwu 23 (1390) – Mid-Jianwen (cir.1400); Yongle 1 (1403) – 2008 指揮 zhi hui Commander 2010 吏目 li mu Clerk 2009 副指揮 fu zhi hui Deputy Commander 167 e 南城兵馬指揮司 The South Warden's Office Hongwu 23 (1390) – Mid-Jianwen (cir.1400); Yongle 1 (1403) – 2011 指揮 zhi hui Commander 2013 吏目 li mu Clerk 2012 副指揮 fu zhi hui Deputy Commander 北城兵馬指揮司 The North Warden's Office Hongwu 23 (1390) – Mid-Jianwen (cir.1400); Yongle 1 (1403) – 2014 指揮 zhi hui Commander 2016 吏目 li mu Clerk 2015 副指揮 fu zhi hui Deputy Commander 兵馬司 The Warden's Office Mid-Jianwen (cir.1400) – Yongle 1 (1403) 2017 兵馬 bing ma Warden Repaced 五城兵馬司指揮 wu cheng bing ma si zhi hui in the mid-Jianwen (cir. 1400), and later changed back to the original name in Yongle (1403) per Ming Shi, juan 74 2018 副兵馬 fu bing ma Vice Warden Repaced 五城兵馬司副指揮 wu cheng bing ma si fu zhi hui in the midJianwen (cir. 1400), and later changed back to the original name in Yongle (1403) per Ming Shi, juan 74 168 京城兵馬指揮司 The Capital Warden's Office Hongwu 10 (1377) – Hongwu 23 (1390) 2019 指揮 zhi hui Commander 2020 副指揮 fu zhi hui Deputy Commander 中都兵馬指揮司 The Warden's Office in the Central Capital Hongwu 10 (1377) – Hongwu 23 (1390) 2021 指揮 zhi hui Commander 2022 副指揮 fu zhi hui Deputy Commander 兵馬指揮司 The Warden's Office Early Ming – Hongwu 10 (1377) 2023 都指揮 du zhi hui Commander Replaced by (兵馬指揮司 bing ma zhi hui si) 指揮 zhi hui in Hongwu 10 (1377) per Ming Shi, juan 74 Replaced by (兵馬指揮司 bing ma zhi hui si) 副指揮 fu zhi hui in Hongwu 10 (1377) per Ming Shi, juan 74 2025 知事 zhi shi Administrative Clerk Abolished in Hongwu 10 (1377) per Ming Shi, juan 73 2024 副都指揮 fu du zhi hui Deputy Commander 169 京營門 Military Training Units in the Capital 京營 Capital Training Divisions Jiajing 29 (1550) 2026 提督總兵官 ti du zong bing guan Superintendent Commander-in-chief alt. 總兵官 zong bing guan; 總督京營 戎政 zong du jing ying rong zheng; 京 營總兵官 jing ying zong bing guan; 京營總督 jing ying zong du; alt.營操官 ying cao guan Title changes over the time: 總督京營 戎政 zong du jing ying rong zheng; 提 督京營戎政 ti du jing ying rong zheng; 閱視京營戎政 yue shi jing ying rong zheng per Ming Shi, juan 76 2027 副總兵 fu zong bing Vice Commander-in-chief 2029 戎政廳首領官 rong zheng ting shou ling guan Chief of the Military Headquarter A post of short existence under the Jiajing reign per Ming Shi, juan 89 2028 協理京營戎政 xie li jing ying rong zheng Assistant Commander-in-chief 五軍營 The Five Training Divisions Jiajing 29 (1550) 2030 大將 da jiang Division Commander 2034 參將 can jiang Assistant Commander 2031 副將 fu jiang Division Deputy Commander 2035 左參將 zuo can jiang Assistant Commander of the Left Division 2032 左副將 zuo fu jiang Left Deputy Commander 2036 右參將 you can jiang Assistant Commander of the Right Division 2033 右副將 you fu jiang Right Deputy Commander 170 2037 前參將 qian can jiang Assistant Commander of the Front Division 2044 監鎗號頭官 jian qiang hao tou guan Chief Signal and Armory-inspecting Officer 2038 後參將 hou can jiang Assistant Commander of the Rear Division 2045 中軍官 zhong jun guan Commander of the Army of the Center 2046 隨征千總 sui zheng qian zong Regiment Commander of Expeditions 2039 練勇參將 lian yong can jiang Assistant Commander of Training for Braves 2047 隨營千總 sui ying qian zong Regiment Commander of a Training Division 2040 游擊將軍 you ji jiang jun Mobile Corps Commander 2048 選鋒把總 xuan feng ba zong Elite Company Commander 2041 佐擊將軍 zuo ji jiang jun Commander of Strike Assistance 2049 把總 ba zong Company Commander 2042 備兵坐營官 bei bing zuo ying guan Military Official on-duty for Military Defense Training 2050 領班都司 ling ban du si Supervising Officer 2043 大號頭官 da hao tou guan Chief Signal Officer 神樞營 The Training Division of Divine Pivot Jiajing 29 (1550) Replaced 三千营 san qian ying per Ming Shi, juan 76 2051 副將 fu jiang Deputy Commander 2053 右副將 you fu jiang Right Deputy Commander 2052 左副將 zuo fu jiang Left Duputy Commander 2054 參將 can jiang Assistant Commander 171 2055 練勇參將 lian yong can jiang Assistant Commander of Training for Braves Chief Signal and Armory-inspecting Officer 2061 中軍官 zhong jun guan Commander of the Army of the Center 2056 游擊將軍 you ji jiang jun Mobile Corps Commander 2062 千總 qian zong Regiment Commander 2057 佐擊將軍 zuo ji jiang jun Commander of Strike Assistance 2063 選鋒把總 xuan feng ba zong Elite Company Commander 2058 備兵坐營官 bei bing zuo ying guan Onsite Officer of Training for Military Defense 2064 把總 ba zong Company Commander 2059 大號頭官 da hao tou guan Chief Signal Officer 2065 領班都司 ling ban du si Supervising Officer 2060 監鎗號頭官 jian qiang hao tou guan 神機營 The Training Division of Divine Engine Jiajing 29 (1550) 2066 副將 fu jiang Deputy Commander 2071 備兵坐營官 bei bing zuo ying guan Onsite Officer of Training for Military Defense 2067 左副將 zuo fu jiang Left Duputy Commander 2072 大號頭官 da hao tou guan Chief Signal Officer 2068 練勇參將 lian yong can jiang Staffing General of Training 2069 游擊將軍 you ji jiang jun Mobile Corps Commander 2073 監鎗號頭官 jian qiang hao tou guan Chief Signal and Armory-inspecting Officer 2070 佐擊將軍 zuo ji jiang jun General Assisting Strike 2074 中軍官 zhong jun guan Commander of the Army of the Center 172 2075 千總 qian zong Regiment Commander 2077 把總 ba zong Company Commander 2076 選鋒把總 xuan feng ba zong Elite Company Commander 東西官廳 East-West Military Command Zhengde 6 (1511) – Jiajing 29 (1550) 2078 總兵 zong bing Regional Commander 2080 統領 tong ling Commander-general of a Training Division 2079 參將 can jiang Assistant Regional Commander 團營 Integrated Divisions Early Jingtai (cir.145?) – Zhengde 6 (1511) 2081 總兵官 zong bing guan Regional Commander 2086 號頭官 hao tou guan Chief Signal Officer 2082 掌號官 zhang hao guan Signal Officer 2087 都指揮 du zhi hui Military Commissioner 2083 坐營內臣 zuo ying nei chen Onsite Eunuch Superintendent 2088 把總 ba zong Company Commander 2084 武臣 wu chen Military Officer 2089 領隊 ling dui Senior Platoon Leader 2085 都督 du du Commander-in-chief 2090 管隊 guan dui Platoon Leader 173 舊三大營 Early Three Training Divisions in the Capital Yongle 22 (1424) – Early Jingtai (cir.145?) 五軍營 The Five Barracks Division 2091 提督內臣 ti du nei chen Eunuch Superintendent 2094 坐營官 zuo ying guan Military Official on-duty 2092 武臣 wu chen Military Officer 2095 把總 ba zong Company Commander 2093 掌號頭官 zhang hao tou guan Chief Signal Officer 三千營 The Three Thousand Division 2096 提督內臣 ti du nei chen Eunuch Superintendent 2100 見操把總 jian cao ba zong Squads Training Leader 2097 武臣 wu chen Military Officer 2101 上直把總 shang zhi ba zong Squads Leader in Charge of Deportment 2098 掌號頭官 zhang hao tou guan Chief Signal Officer 2102 明甲把總 ming jia ba zong Squads Leader in Charge of Armors 2099 坐司官 zuo si guan Office-Managing Office 神機營 The Divine Engine Division 2103 提督內臣 ti du nei chen Eunuch Superintendent 2104 武臣 wu chen Military Officer 174 2105 掌號頭官 zhang hao tou guan Chief Signal Officer 2108 把司官 ba si guan Office-Managing Officer 2106 坐營內臣 zuo ying nei chen Onsite Eunuch Superintendent 2109 把牌官 ba pai guan Officer in Charge of Managing the Shields for the Guns 2107 監鎗內臣 jian qiang nei chen Armory-inspecting Eunuch 175 京衛門 Military Guards of the Capital City 京衛 Capital Military Guards 2110 指揮使 zhi hui shi Commander Military Storehouse Vice Commissioner 2111 指揮同知 zhi hui tong zhi Vice Commander 2119 千戶(千戶所) qian hu suo qian hu Battalion Commander 2112 指揮僉事 zhi hui qian shi Assistant Commander 2120 副千戶(千戶所) qian hu suo fu qian hu Battalion Vice Commander 2113 鎮撫(鎮撫司) zhen fu si zhen fu Judge in a Military Prison 2121 百戶 bai hu Company Commander 2114 經歷(經歷司) jing li si jing li Registrar of a Military Registry 2122 總旗 zong qi Plattoon Commander 2115 知事(經歷司) jing li si zhi shi Administrative Clerk in a Military Registry 2123 教授(武學) wu xue jiao shou Instructor in a Capital Guard Military School [Jianwen 4 (1402) -] 2116 吏目(經歷司) jing li si li mu Clerk in a Military Registry 2124 訓導(武學) wu xue xun dao Assistant Instructor in a Capital Guard Military School [Jianwen 4 (1402) -] 2117 倉大使 cang da shi Military Storehouse Commissioner 2118 倉副使 cang fu shi 176 金吾侍衞親軍都護府 The Imperial Guard and Military Protectorate An early‐Ming military office, which replaced 帳前總制親軍都指揮使司 zhang qian zong zhi qin jun du zhi hui shi si per Ming Shi, juan 76 2125 都護 du hu Protector-in-chief 2127 知事 zhi shi Administrative Clerk 2126 經歷 jing li Registrar 2128 照磨 zhao mo Record Keeper 帳前總制親軍都指揮使司 The Imperial Guard and Chief Military Commission An early‐Ming military office, which was later replaced by 金吾侍衞親軍都護府 jin wu shi wei qin jun du hu fu per Ming Shi, juan 76 2129 都指揮使 du zhi hui shi Military Commissioner-in-chief 親軍指揮使司 The Imperial Army Command (Early Ming) 2130 指揮使 zhi hui shi Commander 2134 知事 zhi shi Administrative Clerk 2131 同知指揮使 tong zhi zhi hui shi Associate Commander 2135 照磨 zhao mo Record Keeper 2132 副使 fu shi Vice Commander 2136 正千戶(千戶所) qian hu suo zheng qian hu Battalion Commander 2133 經歷 jing li Registrar 2137 副千戶(千戶所) qian hu suo fu qian hu 177 2139 百戶 bai hu Company Commander Battalion Vice Commander 2138 鎮撫(鎮撫司) zhen fu si zhen fu Judge in the Prison 錦衣衛 Imperial Bodyguard 2140 指揮使 zhi hui shi Commander 2148 東廠掌刑 dong chang zhang xing Law Enforcement Eunuch of the Eastern Depot 2141 指揮同知 zhi hui tong zhi Vice Commander 2149 千戶(千戶所) qian hu suo qian hu Battalion Commander 2142 指揮僉事 zhi hui qian shi Assistant Commander 2150 副千戶(千戶所) qian hu suo fu qian suo Battalion Vice Commander 2143 鎮撫使(北鎮撫司) bei zhen fu si zhen fu shi Judge in the Northern Prison 2151 百戶 bai hu Company Commander 2144 鎮撫使(南鎮撫司) nan zhen fu si zhen fu shi Judge in the Southern Prison 2152 試百戶 shi bai hu Probationary Company Commander 2145 散騎舍人 san qi she ren Drafter of the Cavalier Attendant 2153 總旗 zong qi Platoon Commander 2146 參侍舍人 can shi she ren Drafter in Service 2154 小旗 xiao qi Squad Commander 2147 東廠理刑 dong chang li xing Eunuch Judge of the Eastern Depot 2155 侍衛 shi wei Imperial Guardsman 178 親軍都尉府 The Imperial Guardsmen Command Established in Hongwu 3 (1370) , and later was replaced by 錦衣衛 jin yi wei in Hongwu 15 (1382) per Ming Shi, juan 76 2156 大使(儀鸞司) yi luan si da shi Director of the Imperial Regalia Office [Hongwu 4 (1371) – Hongwu 15 (1382)] 2157 副使(儀鸞司) yi luan si fu shi Vice Director of the Imperial Regalia Office [Hongwu 4 (1371) – Hongwu 15 (1382)] 179 南京官署類 The Auxiliary Capital in Nanjing 180 南京皇族門 Imperial Family and Royal Court in Nanjing 南京宗人府 The Nanjing Court of the Imperial Clan 2158 經歷(經歷司) jing li si jing li Registrar of the Registry 南京詹事府 The Household Administration of the Heir Apparent in Nanjing 2159 主簿 zhu bu Recorder 181 南京六部門 The Six Ministries in Nanjing 南京吏部 The Nanjing Ministry of Personnel 2160 尚書 shang shu Personnel Minister 2166 郎中(考功清吏司) kao gong qing li si lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Evaluations 2161 左侍郎 zuo shi lang Left Vice Minister Abolished since the Hongzhi reign per Ming Shi, juan 75 2167 主事(考功清吏司) kao gong qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Evaluations 2162 右侍郎 you shi lang Right Vice Minister Abolished in Wanli 3 (1575) and restored in Wanli 11(1583), per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 2168 郎中(驗封清吏司) yan feng qing li si lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Honors 2169 主事(驗封清吏司) yan feng qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Honors Abolished in Longqing (1570) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 2163 司務(司務廳) si wu ting si wu Manager of the General Services Office 2164 郎中(文選清吏司) wen xuan qing li si lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Appointments 2170 郎中(稽勛清吏司) ji xun qing li si lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Records 2171 主事(稽勛清吏司) ji xun qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Records 2165 主事(文選清吏司) wen xuan qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Appointments 182 南京戶部 The Nanjing Ministry of Revenue 2172 尚書 shang shu Revenue Minister Abolished in Longqing 4 (1570), and later restored in Wanli 11 (1583) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 2173 左侍郎 zuo shi lang Left Vice Minister Abolished since the Hongzhi reign per Ming Shi, juan 75 2182 主事(江西清吏司) jiangxi qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Jiangxi Bureau 2174 右侍郎 you shi lang Right Vice Minister 2183 郎中(湖廣清吏司) huguang qing li si lang zhong Director of the Huguang Bureau 2175 司務 si wu Manager of General Services 2184 員外郎(湖廣清吏司) huguang qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Huguang Bureau Abolished in Wanli 9 (1581) and later restored in Wanli 11 (1583) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 2176 照磨(照磨所) zhao mo suo zhao mo Record Keeper in the Records Office 2177 郎中(浙江清吏司) zhejiang qing li si lang zhong Director of the Zhejiang Bureau 2185 主事(湖廣清吏司) huguang qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Huguang Bureau 2178 員外郎(浙江清吏司) zhejiang qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Zhejiang Bureau 2186 郎中(陝西清吏司) shaanxi qing li si lang zhong Director of the Shaanxi Bureau 2179 主事(浙江清吏司) zhejiang qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Zhejiang Bureau 2187 員外郎(陝西清吏司) shaanxi qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Shaanxi Bureau Abolished in Jiajing 37 (1558) per Ming Shi, juan 75 2180 郎中(江西清吏司) jiangxi qing li si lang zhong Director of the Jiangxi Bureau 2188 主事(陝西清吏司) shaanxi qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Shaanxi Bureau 2181 員外郎(江西清吏司) jiangxi qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Jiangxi Bureau 183 2189 郎中(廣東清吏司) guangdong qing li si lang zhong Director of the Guangdong Bureau 2199 員外郎(河南清吏司) henan qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Henan Bureau 2190 員外郎(廣東清吏司) guangdong qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Guangdong Bureau 2200 主事(河南清吏司) henan qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Henan Bureau 2201 郎中(山西清吏司) shanxi qing li si lang zhong Director of the Shanxi Bureau 2191 主事(廣東清吏司) guangdong qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Guangdong Bureau 2202 員外郎(山西清吏司) shanxi qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Shanxi Bureau Abolished in Jiajing 37 (1558) per Ming Shi, juan 75 2192 郎中(山東清吏司) shandong qing li si lang zhong Director of the Shandong Bureau 2193 員外郎(山東清吏司) shandong qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Shandong Bureau 2203 主事(山西清吏司) shanxi qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Shanxi Bureau 2194 主事(山東清吏司) shandong qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Shandong Bureau 2204 郎中(四川清吏司) sichuan qing li si lang zhong Director of the Sichuan Bureau 2195 郎中(福建清吏司) fujian qing li si lang zhong Director of the Fujian Bureau 2205 員外郎(四川清吏司) sichuan qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Sichuan Bureau 2196 員外郎(福建清吏司) fujian qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Fujian Bureau 2206 主事(四川清吏司) sichuan qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Sichuan Bureau 2197 主事(福建清吏司) fujian qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Fujian Bureau 2207 郎中(廣西清吏司) guangxi qing li si lang zhong Director of the Guangxi Bureau 2198 郎中(河南清吏司) henan qing li si lang zhong Director of the Henan Bureau 2208 員外郎(廣西清吏司) guangxi qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Guangxi Bureau 184 Abolished in Longqing 3 (1569) per Ming Shi, juan 75 Commissioner of the Extended Accumulation Vault 2209 主事(廣西清吏司) guangxi qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Guangxi Bureau 2218 大使(承運庫) cheng yun ku da shi Commissioner of the National Treasury 2210 郎中(貴州清吏司) guizhou qing li si lang zhong Director of the Guizhou Bureau 2219 大使(贓罰庫) zang fa ku da shi Commissioner of the Warehouse of Confiscated Property 2211 員外郎(貴州清吏司) guizhou qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Guizhou Bureau 2220 大使(甲字庫) jia zi ku da shi Commissioner of the Number One Storehouse 2212 主事(貴州清吏司) guizhou qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Guizhou Bureau 2221 大使(乙字庫) yi zi ku da shi Commissioner of the Number Two Storehouse 2213 郎中(雲南清吏司) yunnan qing li si lang zhong Director of the Yunnan Bureau 2222 大使(丙字庫) bing zi ku da shi Commissioner of the Number Three Storehouse 2214 員外郎(雲南清吏司) yunnan qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Yunnan Bureau Abolished in Longqing 4 (1570) per Ming Shi, juan 75 2223 大使(丁字庫) ding zi ku da shi Commissioner of the Number Four Storehouse 2224 大使(戊字庫) wu zi ku da shi Commissioner of the Number Five Storehouse 2215 主事(雲南清吏司) yunnan qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Yunnan Bureau 2225 大使(寶鈔廣惠庫) bao chao guang hui ku da shi Director of the Treasury for the Benevolent Issuance of Paper Money 2216 提舉(寶鈔提舉司) bao chao ti ju si ti ju Supervisor of the Supervisorate of Paper Money Abolished in Longqing 3 (1569) per Ming Shi, juan 75 2226 大使(軍儲倉) jun chu cang fu shi Commission of A Military Supplies Warehouse Abolished in Longqing 3 (1569) per Ming Shi, juan 75 2217 大使(廣積庫) guang ji ku da shi 185 2230 副使(北安門倉) bei'anmen cang fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Bei’anmen Granary Abolished in Longqing 3(1569) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 2227 副使(長安門倉) chang'anmen cang fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Chang'anmen Granary 2228 副使(東安門倉) dong’anmen cang fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Dong'anmen Granary Abolished in Longqing 3(1569) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 2231 大使(龍江鹽倉檢校批驗所) longjiang yan cang jian jiao pi yan suo da shi Commissioner of the Tea and Salt Control Station at the Longjiang Salt Granaries 2229 副使(西安門倉) xi’anmen cang fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Xi'anmen Granary Abolished in Longqing 3(1569) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 2232 總督糧儲 zong du liang chu Director-general of Grain Supplies 南京禮部 The Nanjing Ministry of Rites 2233 尚書 shang shu Rites Minister 2237 郎中(儀制清吏司) yi zhi qing li si lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Ceremonies 2234 左侍郎 zuo shi lang Left Vice Minister Abolished since the Hongzhi reign per Ming Shi, juan 75 2238 主事(儀制清吏司) yi zhi qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Ceremonies Abolished in Longqing 4 (1570), and restored in Wanli 11 (1583) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 2235 右侍郎 you shi lang Right Vice Minister Abolished in Wanli 8 (1575), and restored in Wanli to 11 (1583) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 2239 郎中(祠祭清吏司) ci ji qing li si lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Sacrifices 2236 司務 si wu Manager of General Services 2240 員外郎(祠祭清吏司) ci ji qing li si yuan wai lang 186 2245 左司副(行人司)xing ren si zuo si fu Vice Director of the Messenger Office Vice Director of the Bureau of Sacrifices 2241 主事(祠祭清吏司) ci ji qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Sacrifices Abolished in Wanli 9 (1581) and restored in Wanli 11 (1583) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 2246 副使(鑄印局) zhu yin ju fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Seals Service 2247 右韶舞(教坊司) jiao fang si you shao wu Right Ceremonial Dancer in the Music Office 2242 郎中(主客清吏司) zhu ke qing li si lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Receptions 2248 左司樂(教坊司) jiao fang si zuo si yue Left Music Director in the Music Office 2243 郎中(精膳清吏司) jing shan qing li si lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Provisions 2244 司正(行人司) xing ren si si zheng Director of the Messenger Office 2249 右司樂(教坊司) jiao fang si you si yue Right Music Director in the Music Office 南京兵部 The Nanjing Ministry of War 2250 尚書參贊機務 shang shu can zan ji wu War Minister and Grand Adjutant 2253 司務 si wu Manager of General Services 2251 左侍郎 zuo shi lang Left Vice Minister Abolished since the Hongzhi reign per Ming Shi, juan 75 2254 郎中(武選清吏司) wu xuan qing li si lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Military Appointments 2252 右侍郎 you shi lang Right Vice Minister Abolished in Wanli 3 (1575) and restored in Wanli 11 (1583) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 2255 主事(武選清吏司) wu xuan qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Military Appointments 187 2261 主事(車駕清吏司) che jia qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Equipment and Communications 2256 郎中(職方清吏司) zhi fang qing li si lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Operations 2257 員外郎(職方清吏司) zhi fang qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Bureau of Operations 2262 郎中(武庫清吏司) wu ku qing li si lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Provisions 2258 主事(職方清吏司) zhi fang qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Operations 2263 主事(武庫清吏司) wu ku qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Provisions 2259 郎中(車駕清吏司) che jia qing li qing li si lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Equipment and Communications 2264 提領(典牧所) dian mu suo ti ling Superintendent of the Office of Herds 2265 大使(會同館) hui tong guan da shi Commissioner of the Interpreters Institute 2260 員外郎(車駕清吏司) che jia qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Bureau of Equipment and Communications 2266 大使(大勝關) da sheng guan da shi Commissioner of Dasheng Pass 南京刑部 The Nanjing Ministry of Justice 2267 尚書 shang shu Justice Minister 2270 司務 si wu Manager of General Services 2268 左侍郎 zuo shi lang Left Vice Minister Abolished since the Hongzhi reign per Ming Shi, juan 75 2271 照磨(照磨所) zhao mo suo zhao mo Record Keeper in the Records Office 2272 郎中(浙江清吏司) zhejiang qing li si lang zhong Director of the Zhejiang Bureau 2269 右侍郎 you shi lang Right Vice Minister Abolished in Wanli 3 (1575) and restored in Wanli 11 (1583) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 2273 員外郎(浙江清吏司) zhejiang qing li si yuan wai lang 188 2281 員外郎(陝西清吏司) shaanxi qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Shaanxi Bureau Abolished in Jiaqing 37 (1558) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 Vice Director of the Zhejiang Bureau Abolished in Longqing 3 (1569) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 2274 主事(浙江清吏司) zhejiang qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Zhejiang Bureau Abolished in Wanli 9 (1581) and restored in Wanli 10 (1582) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 2282 主事(陝西清吏司) shaanxi qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Shaanxi Bureau 2283 郎中(廣東清吏司) guangdong qing li si lang zhong Director of the Guangdong Bureau 2275 郎中(江西清吏司) jiangxi qing li si lang zhong Director of the Jiangxi Bureau 2284 員外郎(廣東清吏司) guangdong qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Guangdong Bureau 2276 員外郎(江西清吏司) jiangxi qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Jiangxi Bureau Abolished in Longqing 3 (1569) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 2285 主事(廣東清吏司) guangdong qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Guangdong Bureau 2277 主事(江西清吏司) jiangxi qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Jiangxi Bureau 2286 郎中(山東清吏司) shandong qing li si lang zhong Director of the Shandong Bureau 2278 郎中(湖廣清吏司) huguang qing li si lang zhong Director of the Huguang Bureau 2287 主事(山東清吏司) shandong qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Shandong Bureau 2279 主事(湖廣清吏司) huguang qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Huguang Bureau Abolished in Wanli 9 (1581), and restored in Wanli 11 (1583) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 2288 郎中(福建清吏司) fujian qing li si lang zhong Director of the Fujian Bureau 2289 主事(福建清吏司) fujian qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Fujian Bureau 2280 郎中(陝西清吏司) shaanxi qing li si lang zhong Director of the Shaanxi Bureau 2290 郎中(河南清吏司) henan qing li si lang zhong 189 2297 郎中(廣西清吏司) guangxi qing li si lang zhong Director of the Guangxi Bureau Director of the Henan Bureau 2291 員外郎(河南清吏司) henan qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Henan Bureau Abolished in Jiaqing 37 (1558) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 2298 主事(廣西清吏司) guangxi qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Guangxi Bureau Abolished in Wanli 9 (1581) and restored in Wanli 11 (1583) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 2292 主事(河南清吏司) henan qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Henan Bureau Abolished in Wanli 9 (1581) and restored in Wanli 11 (1583) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 2299 郎中(貴州清吏司) guizhou qing li si lang zhong Director of the Guizhou Bureau 2293 郎中(山西清吏司) shanxi qing li si lang zhong Director of the Shanxi Bureau 2300 主事(貴州清吏司) guizhou qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Guizhou Bureau Abolished in Jiaqing 37 (1558) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 2294 主事(山西清吏司) shanxi qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Shanxi Bureau 2301 郎中(雲南清吏司) yunnan qing li si lang zhong Director of the Yunnan Bureau 2295 郎中(四川清吏司) sichuan qing li si lang zhong Director of the Sichuan Bureau 2302 主事(雲南清吏司) yunnan qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Yunnan Bureau Abolished in Longqing 3 (1569) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 2296 主事(四川清吏司) sichuan qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Sichuan Bureau Abolished in Longqing 4 (1570) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 2303 司獄(司獄司) si yu si si yu Warder of the Prison 南京工部 The Nanjing Ministry of Works 2304 尚書 shang shu Minister of Works 2305 左侍郎 zuo shi lang Left Vice Minister 190 Director of the Bureau of Irrigation and Transportation Abolished since the Hongzhi reign per Ming Shi, juan 75 2306 右侍郎 you shi lang Right Vice Minister Abolished in Wanli 3 (1575) , and restored in Wanli 11 (1583) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 2314 員外郎(都水清吏司) du shui qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Bureau of Irrigation and Transportation Abolished in Jiaqing 37 (1558) per Ming Shi, juan 75 2307 司務 si wu Manager of General Services 2315 主事(都水清吏司) du shui qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Irrigation and Transportation 2308 郎中(營繕清吏司) ying shan qing li si lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Construction 2316 郎中(屯田清吏司) tun tian qing li si lang zhong Director of the State Farms Bureau 2309 員外郎(營繕清吏司) ying shan qing li si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Bureau of Construction Abolished in Jiaqing 37 (1558), and restored in Wanli 11 (1583) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 2317 主事(屯田清吏司) tun tian qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the State Farms Bureau 2318 所正(營繕所) ying shan suo suo zheng Director of the Work Project Office 2310 主事(營繕清吏司) ying shan qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Construction 2319 所副(營繕所) ying shan suo suo fu Vice Director of the Work Project Office 2311 郎中(虞衡清吏司) yu heng qing li si lang zhong Director of the Bureau of Forestry and Crafts 2320 所丞(營繕所) ying shan suo suo cheng Secretary of the Work Project Office 2312 主事(虞衡清吏司) yu heng qing li si zhu shi Secretary of the Bureau of Forestry and Crafts 2321 提舉(龍江提舉司) longjiang ti ju si ti ju Supervisor of the Longjiang Supervisorate 2313 郎中(都水清吏司) du shui qing li si lang zhong 191 2322 提舉(清江提舉司) qingjiang ti ju si ti ju Supervisor of the Qingjiang Supervisorate 2326 大使(織染所) zhi ran suo da shi Commissioner of the Miscellaneous Weaving and Dyeing Service 2323 大使(文思院) wen si yuan da shi Commissioner of the Crafts Institute Abolished in Jiaqing 37 (1558) per Ming Shi, juan 75 2327 大使(龍江抽分竹木局) longjiang chou fen zhu mu ju da shi Commissioner of the Longjiang Office of Produce Levies 2324 大使(寶源局) bao yuan ju da shi Commissioner of the Metropolitan Coinage Service 2328 大使(瓦屑壩抽分竹木局) waxieba chou fen zhu mu ju da shi Commissioner of the Waxieba Office of Produce Levies 2325 大使(軍器局) jun qi ju da shi Commissioner of the Imperial Arsenal 192 南京秘書門 The Administrative Assistance in Nanjing 南京通政使司 The Nanjing Office of Transmission 2329 通政使 tong zheng shi Commissioner of Transmission 2331 右參議 you can yi Right Assistant Commissioner Abolished in Longqing 4 (1570) and restored in Wanli 11 (1583) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 2330 右通政 you tong zheng Right Vice Commissioner 2332 經歷 jing li Registrar 南京尚寶司 The Seals Office in Nanjing 2333 卿 qing Chief Director alt. 南京尚寶卿 nanjing shang bao qing 南京翰林院 The Nanjing Hanlin Academy 2334 學士 xue shi Chancellor 2335 孔目 kong mu Clerk 193 南京六科門 The Six Offices of Scrutiny in Nanjing 南京吏科 The Office of Scrutiny for Personnel in Nanjing 2336 給事中 ji shi zhong Supervising Secretary 南京戶科 The Office of Scrutiny for Revenue in Nanjing 2337 給事中 ji shi zhong Supervising Secretary 南京禮科 The Office of Scrutiny for Rites in Nanjing 2338 給事中 ji shi zhong Supervising Secretary 南京兵科 The Office of Scrutiny for War in Nanjing 2339 給事中 ji shi zhong Supervising Secretary 南京刑科 The Office of Scrutiny for Justice in Nanjing 2340 給事中 ji shi zhong Supervising Secretary 南京工科 The Office of Scrutiny for Works in Nanjing 2341 給事中 ji shi zhong Supervising Secretary 194 南京寺監門 The Courts and Directorates in Nanjing 南京國子監 The Nanjing Directorate of Education 2342 祭酒 ji jiu Chancellor 2348 學正 xue zheng Instructor Second-class alt. 南京國子學正 nanjing guo zi xue zheng 2343 司業 si ye Director of Studies 2349 學錄 xue lu Instructor Third-class alt. 南京國子學錄 nanjing guo zi xue lu 2344 監丞 jian cheng Proctor 2345 典簿 dian bu Manager of Registration 2350 典籍 dian ji Archivist 2346 博士 bo shi Erudite alt. 南京國子博士 nanjing guo zi bo shi 2351 掌饌 zhang zhuan Victualler Abolished in Jiaqing 37 (1558) per Ming Shi, juan 75 2347 助教 zhu jiao Instructor 南京太常寺 The Nanjing Court of Imperial Sacrifices 2352 卿 qing Chief Minister alt. 南京太常卿 nanjing tai chang qing Abolished in Wanli 9 (1581), and restored in Wanli 11 (1583) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 2354 典簿 dian bu Archivist 2353 少卿 shao qing Vice Minister alt. 南京太常少卿 nanjing tai chang shao qing 2355 博士 bo shi Erudite 195 2360 祀丞(祠祭署) ci ji shu si cheng Assistant Sacrificer in the Sacrificial Office at an Imperial Mausoleum alt. 南京太常博士 nanjing tai chang bo shi 2356 協律郎 xie lv lang Chief Musician 2361 提點(神樂觀) shen yue guan ti dian Superintendent of the Imperial Music Office 2357 贊禮郎 zan li lang Ceremonial Assistant 2362 知觀(神樂觀) shen yue guan zhi guan Vice Superintendent of the Imperial Music Office Abolished in Jiaqing 37 (1558) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 2358 司樂 si yue Music Director 2359 奉祀(祠祭署) ci ji shu feng si Sacrificer in the Sacrificial Office at an Imperial Mausoleum 南京光祿寺 The Nanjing Court of Imperial Entertainments 2363 卿 qing Chief Minister alt. 南京光祿卿 nanjing guang lu qing 2367 署丞(大官署) da guan shu shu cheng Vice Director of the Banquets Office 2364 少卿 shao qing Vice Minister alt. 南京光祿少卿 nanjing guang lu shao qing Abolished in Longqing 4 (1570) per Ming Shi, juan 75 2368 署正(珍羞署) zhen xiu shu shu zheng Director of the Delicacies Office 2365 典簿 dian bu Archivist 2369 署丞(珍羞署) zhen xiu shu shu cheng Vice Director of the Delicacies Office Abolished in Wanli 5 (1577) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 2366 署正(大官署) da guan shu shu zheng Director of the Banquets Office 2370 署正(良醞署) liang yun shu shu zheng Director of the Office of Fine Wines 2371 署丞(良醞署) liang yun shu shu cheng 196 2373 署丞(掌醢署) zhang hai shu shu cheng Vice Director of the Spice Pantry Abolished in Jiajing 37 (1558) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 Vice Director of the Office of Fine Wines Abolished in Jiajing 37 (1558) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 2372 署正(掌醢署) zhang hai shu shu zheng Director of the Spice Pantry 南京太僕寺 The Nanjing Court of the Imperial Stud 2376 寺丞 si cheng Assistant Minister alt. 南京太僕寺丞 nanjing tai pu si cheng 2374 卿 qing Chief Minister alt. 南京太僕卿 nanjing tai pu qing 2375 少卿 shao qing Vice Minister alt. 南京太僕少卿 nanjing tai pu shao qing 2377 主簿 zhu bu Recorder 南京鴻臚寺 The Nanjing Court of State Ceremonial 2378 卿 qing Chief Minister alt. 南京鴻臚卿 nanjing hong lu qing 2381 署丞(司賓署) si bin shu shu cheng Vice Director of the Visitors Office 2382 鳴贊 ming zan Herald 2379 主簿 zhu bu Recorder 2383 序班 xu ban Usher 2380 署丞(司儀署) si yi shu shu cheng Vice Director of the Ceremonials Office 197 南京欽天監 The Nanjing Directorate of Astronomy 2384 監正 jian zheng Director alt. 南京欽天監正 nanjing qin tian jian zheng 2390 冬官正 dong guan zheng Director of the Winter Office 2391 中官正 zhong guan zheng Director of the Mid-year Office 2385 監副 jian fu Vice Director 2392 五官靈臺郎 wu guan ling tai lang Director of the Imperial Observatory in the Five Offices 2386 主簿 zhu bu Recorder 2393 五官監候 wu guan jian hou Astrological Observer in the Five Offices 2387 春官正 chun guan zheng Director of the Spring Office 2394 五官司曆 wu guan si li Manager of the Calendar in the Five Offices 2388 夏官正 xia guan zheng Director of the Summer Office 2389 秋官正 qiu guan zheng Director of the Autumn Office 南京太醫院 The Nanjing Imperial Academy of Medicine 2395 院判 yuan pan Administrative Assistant 2397 大使(惠民藥局) hui min yao ju da shi Commissioner of the Public Pharmacy 2396 吏目 li mu Clerk 2398 大使(生藥庫) sheng yao ku da shi Commissioner of the Herbs Repository 198 南京僧道官門 Buddhist and Daoist Registries in Nanjing 南京僧錄司 The Nanjing Buddhist Registry 2399 左善世 zuo shan shi Left Buddhist Patriarch 2403 左講經 zuo jiang jing Left Lecturing Monk 2400 右善世 you shan shi Right Buddhist Patriarch 2404 右講經 you jiang jing Right Lecturing Monk 2401 左闡教 zuo chan jiao Left Supervisory Monk for the Buddhist Practices 2405 左覺義 zuo jue yi Left Buddhist Rectifier 2406 右覺義 you jue yi Right Buddhist Rectifier 2402 右闡教 you chan jiao Right Supervisory Monk for the Buddhist Practices 南京道錄司 The Nanjing Taoist Registry 2407 左正一 zuo zheng yi Left Daoist Patriarch 2411 左至靈 zuo zhi ling Left Sacrificial Priest 2408 右正一 you zheng yi Right Daoist Patriarch 2412 右至靈 you zhi ling Right Sacrificial Priest 2409 左演法 zuo yan fa Left Expounder 2413 左玄義 zuo xuan yi Left Elucidator of Daoist Canon 2410 右演法 you yan fa Right Expounder 2414 右玄義 you xuan yi Right Elucidator of Daoist Canon 199 南京司法監察門 The Legislation and Censorship in Nanjing 南京都察院 The Nanjing Censorate 2415 右都御使 you du yu shi Right Censor-in-chief Abolished in Longqing 4 (1570) per Ming Shi, juan 75 2421 照磨(照磨所) zhao mo suo zhao mo Record Keeper in the Records Office 2416 右副都御使 you fu du yu shi Right Vice Censor-in-chief 2417 右僉都御史 you qian du yu shi Right Assistant Censor-in-chief 2422 司獄 si yu Warder of the Prison 2418 司務 si wu Manager of General Services 2423 監察御史 jian cha yu shi Investigating Censor 2419 經歷(經歷司) jing li si jing li Registrar of the Registry 2424 提督操江 ti du cao jiang Censor-in-chief and River Controller 2420 都事(經歷司) jing li si du shi Office Manager of the Registry 南京大理寺 The Court of Judicial Review in Nanjing 2425 卿 qing Chief Minister 2427 司務 si wu Manager of General Services 2426 右寺丞 you si cheng Right Assistant Minister Abolished in Wanli 3 (1575), and restored in Wanli 11 (1583) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 2428 左寺正 zuo si zheng Director of the Left Court of Review 2429 右寺正 you si zheng Director of the Right Court of Review 200 2430 左評事 zuo ping shi Left Case Reviewer Abolished in Longqing 3 (1569) per Ming Shi, juan 75 2431 右評事 you ping shi Right Case Reviewer Abolished in Longqing 3 (1569) per Ming Shi, juan 75 201 南京軍事官署門 Military Units in Nanjing 南京守備 The Nanjing Military Command 2434 參贊機務 can zan ji wu Grand Adjutant 2432 守備 shou bei Grand Commandant in Nanjing 2433 協同守備 xie tong shou bei Vice Commandant 南京五軍都督府 The Five Chief Military Commissions in Nanjing 2435 左都督(中軍都督府) zhong jun du du fu zuo du du Left Commissioner-in-chief of the Center Chief Military Commission 2439 經歷(中軍都督府經歷司) zhong jun du du fu jing li si jing li Registrar of the Registry in the Center Chief Military Commission 2436 右都督(中軍都督府) zhong jun du du fu you du du Right Commissioner-in-chief of the Center Chief Military Commission 2440 都事(中軍都督府經歷司) zhong jun du du fu jing li si du shi Office Manager of the Registry Office in the Center Chief Military Commission 2437 都督同知(中軍都督府) zhong jun du du fu du du tong zhi Vice Commissioner-in-chief of the Center Chief Military Commission 2441 左都督(左軍都督府) zuo jun du du fu zuo du du Left Commissioner-in-chief of the Left Chief Military Commission 2438 都督僉事(中軍都督府) zhong jun du du fu du du qian shi Assistant Commissioner-in-chief of the Center Chief Military Commission 2442 右都督(左軍都督府) zuo jun du du fu you du du Right Commissioner-in-chief of the Left Chief Military Commission 202 2443 都督同知(左軍都督府) zuo jun du du fu du du tong zhi Vice Commissioner-in-chief of the Left Chief Military Commission 2451 經歷(右軍都督府經歷司) you jun du du fu jing li si jing li Registrar in the Right Chief Military Commission 2444 都督僉事(左軍都督府) zuo jun du du fu du du qian shi Assistant Commissioner-in-chief of the Left Chief Military Commission 2452 都事(右軍都督府經歷司) you jun du du fu jing li si du shi Office Manager of the Registry Office in the Right Chief Military Commission 2445 經歷(左軍都督府經歷司) zuo jun du du fu jing li si jing li Registrar of the Registry in the Left Chief Military Commission 2453 左都督(前軍都督府) qian jun du du fu zuo du du Left Commissioner-in-chief of the Front Chief Military Commission 2446 都事(左軍都督府經歷司) zuo jun du du fu jing li si du shi Office Manager of the Registry Office in the Left Chief Military Commission 2454 右都督(前軍都督府) qian jun du du fu you du du Right Commissioner-in-chief of the Front Chief Military Commission 2447 左都督(右軍都督府) you jun du du fu zuo du du Left Commissioner-in-chief of the Right Chief Military Commission 2455 都督同知(前軍都督府) qian jun du du fu du du tong zhi Vice Commissioner-in-chief of the Front Chief Military Commission 2448 右都督(右軍都督府) you jun du du fu you du du Right Commissioner-in-chief of the Right Chief Military Commission 2456 都督僉事(前軍都督府) qian jun du du fu du du qian shi Assistant Commissioner-in-chief of the Front Chief Military Commission 2449 都督同知(右軍都督府) you jun du du fu du du tong zhi Vice Commissioner-in-chief of the Right Chief Military Commission 2457 經歷(前軍都督府經歷司) qian jun du du fu jing li si jing li Registrar of the Registry in the Front Chief Military Commission 2450 都督僉事(右軍都督府) you jun du du fu du du qian shi Assistant Commissioner-in-chief of the Right Chief Military Commission 2458 都事(前軍都督府經歷司) qian jun du du fu jing li si du shi Office Manager of the Registry Office in the Front Chief Military Commission 203 2462 都督僉事(後軍都督府) hou jun du du fu du du qian shi Assistant Commissioner-in-chief of the Rear Chief Military Commission 2459 左都督(後軍都督府) hou jun du du fu zuo du du Left Commissioner-in-chief of the Rear Chief Military Commission 2463 經歷(後軍都督府經歷司) hou jun du du fu jing li si jing li Registrar of the Registry in the Rear Chief Military Commission 2460 右都督(後軍都督府) hou jun du du fu you du du Right Commissioner-in-chief of the Rear Chief Military Commission 2464 都事(後軍都督府經歷司) hou jun du du fu jing li si du shi Office Manager of the Registry Office in the Rear Chief Military Commission 2461 都督同知(後軍都督府) hou jun du du fu du du tong zhi Vice Commissioner-in-chief of the Rear Chief Military Commission 南京衞指揮使司 The Guard Military Command in Nanjing 2465 指揮使 zhi hui shi Guard Commander 2470 知事(經歷司) jing li si zhi shi Administrative Clerk in the Registry 2466 指揮同知 zhi hui tong zhi Guard Vice Commander 2471 吏目(經歷司) jing li si li mu Registry Clerk 2467 指揮僉事 zhi hui qian shi Guard Assistant Commander 2472 倉大使 cang da shi Storehouse Commissioner 2468 鎮撫(鎮撫司) zhen fu si zhen fu Judge in the Guard Prison 2473 倉副使 cang fu shi Storehouse Vice Commissioner 2469 經歷(經歷司) jing li si jing li Registrar of the Registry 南京錦衣衛 The Nanjing Imperial Bodyguard 2474 經歷(經歷司) jing li si jing li Registar of the Registry 2475 都事(經歷司) jing li si du shi Office Manager of the Registry 204 南京各衛 The Nanjing Guards 2477 倉副使 cang fu shi Storehouse Vice Commissioner 2476 經歷(經歷司) jing li si jing li Registar of the Registry 南京京衛武學 The Nanjing Capital Guard Military School 2478 教授 jiao shou Instructor 2479 訓導 xun dao Assistant Instructor 南京五城兵馬司 The Five City Wardens Offices in Nanjing 2480 指揮(東城兵馬司) dong cheng bing ma si zhi hui Commander of the East City Wardens Office Vice Commander of the West City Wardens Office 2485 吏目(西城兵馬司) xi cheng bing ma si li mu Clerk in the West City Wardens Office 2481 副指揮(東城兵馬司) dong cheng bing ma si fu zhi hui Vice Commander of the East City Wardens Office 2486 指揮(南城兵馬司) nan cheng bing ma si zhi hui Commander of the South City Wardens 2482 吏目(東城兵馬司) dong cheng bing ma si li mu Clerk in the East City Wardens Office 2487 副指揮(南城兵馬司) nan cheng bing ma si fu zhi hui Vice Commander of the South City Wardens Office 2483 指揮(西城兵馬司) xi cheng bing ma si zhi hui Commander of the West City Wardens Office 2488 吏目(南城兵馬司) nan cheng bing ma si li mu Clerk in the South City Wardens Office 2484 副指揮(西城兵馬司) xi cheng bing ma si fu zhi hui 205 2489 指揮(北城兵馬司) bei cheng bing ma si zhi hui Commander of the North City Wardens Office 2492 指揮(中城兵馬司) zhong cheng bing ma si zhi hui Commander of the Central City Wardens Office 2490 副指揮(北城兵馬司) bei cheng bing ma si fu zhi hui Vice Commander of the NorthCity Wardens Office 2493 副指揮(中城兵馬司) zhong cheng bing ma si fu zhi hui Vice Commander of the Central City Wardens Office 2491 吏目(北城兵馬司) bei cheng bing ma si li mu Clerk in the North City Wardens Office 2494 吏目(中城兵馬司) zhong cheng bing ma si li mu Clerk in the Central City Wardens Office 206 牧鹽舶政類 Horse/Salt Business and Maritime Trade 207 鹽課鹽運門 Salt Business 都轉鹽運使司 Salt Distribution Commissions 2495 都轉運使 du zhuan yun shi Salt Distribution Commissioner alt. 都轉運鹽使 du zhuan yun shi; 鹽 運使 yan yun shi; 運使 yun shi; 轉運 使 zhuan yun shi 2501 庫大使 ku da shi Storehouse Commissioner 2496 同知 tong zhi Salt Distribution Deputy Vice Commissioner alt. 鹽運同知 yan yun tong zhi 2503 大使(鹽場鹽課司) yan chang yan ke si da shi Salt Tax Office Commissioner 2502 庫副使 ku fu shi Storehouse Vice Commissioner 2504 副使(鹽場鹽課司) yan chang yan ke si fu shi Salt Tax Office Vice Commissioner 2497 副使 fu shi Salt Distribution Vice Commissioner alt. 鹽運副使 yan yun fu shi 2505 大使(鹽倉) yan cang da shi Salt Storehouse Commissioner 2498 判官 pan guan Salt Distribution Assistant Commissioner alt. 鹽運判官 yan yun pan guan 2506 副使(鹽倉) yan cang fu shi Salt Storehouse Vice Commissioner 2507 大使(批驗所) pi yan suo da shi Salt Control Station Commissioner 2499 經歷(經歷司) jing li si jing li Registrar of the Registration 2508 副使(批驗所) pi yan suo fu shi Salt Control Station Vice Commissioner 2500 知事(經歷司) jing li si zhi shi Administrative Clerk in the Registration Office 208 鹽課提舉司 Salt Distribution Supervisorates 2509 提舉 ti ju Salt Distribution Supervisor 2519 大使(鹽井鹽課司) yan jing yan ke si da shi Salt Well Tax Office Commissioner 2510 同提舉 tong ti ju Salt Distribution Deputy Vice Supervisor 2520 副使(鹽井鹽課司) yan jing yan ke si fu shi Salt Well Tax Office Vice Commissioner 2511 副提舉 fu ti ju Salt Distribution Vice Supervisor 2521 大使(鹽馬司) yan ma si da shi Salt and Horse Trade Commissioner Replaced 司令 si ling in Hongwu 15 (1382) per Ming Shi, juan 75 2512 吏目 li mu Clerk 2513 庫大使 ku da shi Storehouse Commissioner 2522 副使(鹽馬司) yan ma si fu shi Salt and Horse Trade Vice Commissioner Replaced 司丞 si cheng in Hongwu 15 (1382) per Ming Shi, juan 75 2514 庫副使 ku fu shi Storehouse Vice Commissioner 2515 大使(鹽倉) yan cang da shi Salt Storehouse Commissioner 2523 司令(鹽馬司) yan ma si si ling Salt and Horse Trade Director [Hongwu 5 (1372) – Hongwu 15 (1382)] Replaced by 大使 da shi per Ming Shi, juan 75 2516 副使(鹽倉) yan cang fu shi Salt Storehouse Vice Commissioner 2517 大使(鹽場鹽課司) yan chang yan ke si da shi Salt Tax Office Commissioner 2524 司丞(鹽馬司) yan ma si si cheng Salt and Horse Trade Vice Director [Hongwu 5 (1372) – Hongwu 15 (1382)] Replaced by 副使 fu shi per Ming Shi, juan 75 2518 副使(鹽場鹽課司) yan chang yan ke si fu shi Salt Tax Office Vice Commissioner 209 煎鹽提舉司 Salt Boiling Supervisorates 2525 提舉 ti ju Salt Boiling Supervisor 2527 副提舉 fu ti ju Salt Boiling Vice Supervisor 2526 同提舉 tong ti ju Salt Boiling Deputy Vice Supervisor 2528 典史 dian shi Clerk 210 市舶司門 Maritime Trade 市舶提舉司 Maritime Trade Supervisorates 2529 提舉 ti ju Maritime Trade Supervisor alt. 市舶司提舉 shi bo si ti ju 2531 吏目 li mu Clerk alt. 市舶司吏目 shi bo si li mu 2530 副提舉 fu ti ju Maritime Trade Vice Supervisor alt. 市舶司副提舉 shi bo si fu ti ju 211 馬政門 Horse Management 行太僕寺 Branch Courts of the Imperial Stud 2532 卿 qing Chief Minister 2534 寺丞 si cheng Assistant Minister 2533 少卿 shao qing Vice Minister 2535 主簿 zhu bu Recorder 苑馬寺 Pasturage Offices 2536 卿 qing Minister alt. 苑馬卿 yuan ma qing Director of a Directorate of Horse Pasturages alt. 牧監正 mu jian zheng 2541 監副(牧監) mu jian jian fu Vice Director of a Directorate of Horse Pasturages alt. 牧監副 mu jian fu 2537 少卿 shao qing Vice Minister alt. 苑馬少卿 yuan ma shao qing 2538 寺丞 si cheng Assistant Minister 2542 錄事(牧監) mu jian lu shi Office Manager in a Directorate of Horse Pasturages 2539 主簿 zhu bu Recorder 2543 圉長(苑) yuan yu zhang Head of a Horse Station 2540 監正(牧監) mu jian jian zheng 茶馬司 Tea and Horse Trading Offices 2544 大使 da shi Horse Trade Commissioner Replaced 司令 si ling in Hongwu 15 (1382) per Ming Shi, juan 75 212 Replaced by 大使 da shi per Ming Shi, juan 75 2545 副使 fu shi Horse Trade Vice Commissioner [Hongwu 15 (1382) -] Replaces 司丞 si cheng in Hongwu 15 (1382) per Ming Shi, juan 75 2547 司丞 si cheng Horse Trade Vice Director [cir. Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 15 (1382)] Replaced by 副使 fu shi per Ming Shi, juan 75 2546 司令 si ling Horse Trade Director [cir. Hongwu 13 (1380) – Hongwu 15 (1382)] 213 地方官署類 Regional and Local Governance 214 京府門 Superior Prefectural Governance 順天府 Shuntian Superior Prefecture 2548 府尹 fu yin Governor Registrar of the Registration 2558 知事(經歷司) jing li si zhi shi Administrative Clerk in the Registration Office 2549 府丞 fu cheng Vice Governor 2559 照磨(照磨所) zhao mo suo zhao mo Record Keeper in the Records Office 2550 治中 zhi zhong Vice Prefect 2551 通判 tong pan Assistant Prefect In six posts: 管糧 guan liang, 管馬 guan ma, 清軍 qing jun, 管匠 guan jiang, 管河 guan he, and 管柴炭 guan chai tan, per Ming Shi, juan 74 2560 檢校(照磨所) zhao mo suo jian jiao Proofreader in the Records Office 2561 知縣(京縣) jing xian zhi xian Capital District Magistrate Two capital districts: 宛平 Wanping, and 大興 Daxing, per Mingshi, juan 74 2552 推官 tui guan Metropolitan Judge 2553 教授(儒學) ru xue jiao shou Instructor in the Confucian School 2562 縣丞(京縣) jing xian xian cheng Vice Magistrate of a Capital District Two capital districts: 宛平 Wanping, and 大興 Daxing, per Mingshi, juan 74 2554 訓導(儒學) ru xue xun dao Assistant Instructor in the Confucian School 2556 正科(醫學) yi xue zheng ke Principal of thel Medical School 2563 主簿(京縣) jing xian zhu bu Assistant Magistrate of a Capital District Two capital districts: 宛平 Wanping, and 大興 Daxing, per Mingshi, juan 74 2557 經歷(經歷司) jing li si jing li 2564 典史(京縣) jing xian dian shi 2555 正術(陰陽學) yin yang xue zheng shu Principal of thel Geomancy School 215 Capital District Jailor Two capital districts: 宛平 Wanping, and 大興 Daxing, per Mingshi, juan 74 Vice Commissioner of a Commercial Tax Branch 2573 大使(批驗茶引所) pi yan cha yin suo da shi Commissioner of a Tea and Salt Control Station alt. 批驗所大使 pi yan suo da shi Abolished in Wanli 11 (1583), per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 2 2565 司獄 (司獄司) si yu si si yu Warder of the Prison 2566 大使(都稅司) du shui si da shi Commissioner of the Chief Commercial Tax Office Abolished in Wanli 11 (1583), per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 2 2574 巡檢(巡檢司) xun jian si xun jian Police Chief 2567 副使(都稅司) du shui si fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Chief Commercial Tax Office Abolished in Wanli 11 (1583), per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 2 2575 大使(遞運所) di yun suo da shi Commissioner of the Transport Office 2568 大使(宣課司) xuan ke si da shi Commissioner of a Commercial Tax Office 2577 庫大使 ku da shi Storehouse Commissioner 2576 閘官 zha guan Sluice Gate Officer 2578 庫副使 ku fu shi Storehouse Vice Commissioner 2569 副使(宣課司) xuan ke si fu shi Vice Commissioner of a Commercial Tax Office 2579 倉大使 cang da shi Granary Commissioner 2570 副使(宣課分司) xuan ke fen si fu shi Vice Commissioner of a Commercial Tax Branch 2580 倉副使 cang fu shi Granary Vice Commissioner 2581 大使(草場) cao chang da shi Pasture Commissioner 2571 大使(稅課司) shui ke si da shi Commissioner of a Commercial Tax Office 2582 副使(草場) cao chang fu shi Pasture Vice Commissioner 2572 副使(稅課分司) shui ke fen si fu shi 216 應天府 Yingtian Superior Prefecture 2583 府尹 fu yin Governor Replaced 知府 zhi fu in Hongwu 3 (1370) per Ming Shi, juan 75 2593 教授(儒學) ru xue jiao shou Instructor in the Confucian School 2594 訓導(儒學) ru xue xun dao Assistant Instructor in the Confucian School 2584 知府 zhi fu Governor Replaced by 府尹 fu yin in Hongwu 3 (1370) per Ming Shi, juan 75 2595 正術(陰陽學) yin yang xue zheng shu Principal of the Geomancy School 2585 府丞 fu cheng Vice Governor 2596 正科(醫學) yi xue zheng ke Principal of the Medical School 2586 治中 zhi zhong Vice Prefect 2597 知縣(京縣) jing xian zhi xian Capital District Magistrate Two capital districts: 上元 Shangyuan, and 江寧 Jiangning per Mingshi juan 75 2587 通判 tong pan Assistant Prefect In two posts: 管巡捕 guan xun bu, and 管馬 guan ma per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 3 2598 縣丞(京縣) jing xian xian cheng Vice Magistrate of a Capital District Two capital districts: 上元 Shangyuan, and 江寧 Jiangning per Mingshi juan 75 2588 推官 tui guan Metropolitan Judge 2589 經歷 jing li Metropolitan Registrar 2591 照磨 zhao mo Record Keeper 2599 主簿(京縣) jing xian zhu bu Assistant Magistrate of a Capital District Two capital districts: 上元 Shangyuan, and 江寧 Jiangning per Mingshi juan 75 2592 檢校 jian jiao Proofreader 2600 典史(京縣) jing xian dian shi Capital District Jailor 2590 知事 zhi shi Administrative Clerk 217 Two capital districts: 上元 Shangyuan, and 江寧 Jiangning per Mingshi juan 75 Vice Commissioner of a Commercial Tax Branch 2601 司獄(司獄司) si yu si si yu Warder of the Prison 2610 大使(稅課局) shui ke si da shi Commissioner of a Commercial Tax Office 2602 大使(織染局) zhi ran ju da shi Commissioner of the Weaving and Dyeing Service 2611 副使(稅課局) shui ke si fu shi Vice Commissioner of a Commercial Tax Office 2603 左副使(織染局) zhi ran ju zuo fu shi Left Vice Commissioner of the Metropolitan Weaving and Dyeing Service 2612 大使(遞運所) di yun suo da shi Commissioner of a Transport Office 2613 副使(遞運所) di yun suo da shi Vice Commissioner of a Transport Office 2604 右副使(織染局) zhi ran ju you fu shi Right Vice Commissioner of the Weaving and Dyeing Service 2614 大使(批驗茶引所) pi yan cha yin suo da shi Commissioner of a Tea and Salt Control Station alt. 批驗所大使 pi yan suo da shi 2605 大使(都稅司) du sui si da shi Commissioner of the Chief Commercial Tax Office 2615 所官(河泊所) he po suo suo guan Officer in an Office of Fishing Tax 2606 副使(都稅司) du sui si fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Chief Commercial Tax Office 2616 巡檢(巡檢司) xun jian si xun jian Police Chief 2607 大使(宣課司) xuan ke si da shi Commissioner of a Commercial Tax Office 2617 關大使 guan da shi Commissioner of a Customs House 2618 關副使 guan fu shi Vice Commissioner of a Customs House 2608 副使(宣課司) xuan ke si fu shi Vice Commissioner of a Commercial Tax Office 2619 大使(常平倉) chang ping cang da shi 2609 副使(宣課分司)xuan ke fen si fu shi 218 Commissioner of the Ever Normal Granary 2621 驛丞 yi cheng Postal Relay Station Master 2620 副使(廣積庫) guang ji ku fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Extended Accumulation Vault 219 省官門 Provincial Governance 承宣布政使司 Provincial Administration Commission Thirteen Commissions: 浙江 Zhejiang, 江西 Jiangxi, 福建 Fujian, 北平 Beiping (name changed to 北京 Beijing in Yongle 1 , that is 1403 A.D.), 廣西 Guangxi, 四川 Sichuan, 山 東 Shandong, 廣東 Guangdong, 河南 Henan, 陝西 Shaanxi, 湖廣 Huguang, 山西 Shanxi, 雲南 Yunna, 交阯 Jiaozhi, and 貴州 Guizhou 2622 左布政使 zuo bu zheng shi Left Provincial Administration Commissioner alt. 布政使 bu zheng shi; 方伯 fang bo Replaced 參知政事 can zhi zheng shi in Hongwu 9 (1376) per Ming Shi, juan 75 Left Assistant Administration Commissioner of a Province 2627 右參議 you can yi Right Assistant Administration Commissioner of a Province 2628 經歷(經歷司) jing li si jing li Registrar of a Provincial Registry 2623 右布政使 you bu zheng shi Right Provincial Administration Commissioner alt. 布政使 bu zheng shi; 方伯 fang bo Replaced 參知政事 can zhi zheng shi in Hongwu 9 (1376) per Ming Shi, juan 75 2629 都事(經歷司) jing li si du shi Office Manager of a Provincial Registry 2630 照磨(照磨所) zhao mo suo zhao mo Record Keeper in a Provincial Records Office 2624 左參政 zuo can zheng Left Administration Vice Commissioner of a Province [Hongwu 9 (1376) -] 2631 檢校(照磨所) zhao mo suo jian jiao Proofreader in a Provincial Records Office 2625 右參政 you can zheng Right Administration Vice Commissioner of a Province [Hongwu 9 (1376) -] 2632 理問(理問所) li wen suo li wen Director of a Provincial Judicial Secretary's Office 2626 左參議 zuo can yi 220 2633 副理問(理問所) li wen suo fu li wen Vice Director of a Provincial Judicial Secretary's Office 2641 副使(雜造局) za zao ju fu shi Vice Commissioner of a Provincial Miscellaneous Manufactures Service 2634 提控案牘(理問所) li wen suo ti kong an du Record Keeper in a Provincial Judicial Secretary's Office 2642 大使(織染局) zhi ran ju da shi Commissioner of the Provincial Weaving and Dyeing Office 2635 司獄(司獄司) si yu si si yu Warder of a Provincial Prison 2643 副使(織染局) zhi ran ju fu shi Vice Commissioner of the Provincial Weaving and Dyeing Office 2636 庫大使 ku da shi Storehouse Commissioner 2644 大使(軍器局) jun qi ju da shi Commissioner of a Provincial Arsenal 2637 庫副使 ku fu shi Storehouse Vice Commissioner 2645 副使(軍器局) jun qi ju fu shi Vice Commissioner of a Provincial Arsenal 2638 倉大使 cang da shi Granary Commissioner 2646 大使(寶泉局) bao quan ju da shi Commissioner of a Provincial Coinage Service 2639 倉副使 cang fu shi Granary Vice Commissioner 2647 副使(寶泉局) bao quan ju fu shi Vice Commissioner of a Provincial Coinage Service 2640 大使(雜造局) za zao ju da shi Commissioner of a Provincial Miscellaneous Manufactures Service 行中書省 Branch Secretariat Abolished in Hongwu 9 (1376) 2648 平章政事 ping zhang zheng shi Chief Provincial Administrator alt. 行省平章政事 xing sheng ping zhang zheng shi Left Assistant Provincial Administrator 2650 右丞 you cheng Right Assistant Provincial Administrator 2649 左丞 zuo cheng 221 2651 參知政事 can zhi zheng shi Assistant Administrator alt. 行省參知政事 xing sheng can zhi zheng shi 2659 員外郎(右司) you si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Right Office alt. 行省右司員外郎 xing sheng you si yuan wai lang 2652 郎中(左司) zuo si lang zhong Director of the Left Office alt. 行省左司郎中 xing sheng zuo si lang zhong 2660 都事(右司) you si du shi Office Manager of the Right Office alt. 行省右司都事 xing sheng you si du shi 2653 員外郎(左司) zuo si yuan wai lang Vice Director of the Left Office alt. 行省左司員外郎 xing sheng zuo si yuan wai lang 2661 檢校(右司) you si jian jiao Proofreader in the Right Office alt. 行省右司檢校 xing sheng you si jian jiao 2654 都事(左司) zuo si du shi Office Manager of the Left Office alt. 行省左司都事 xing sheng zuo si du shi 2662 照磨(右司) you si zhao mo Record Keeper in the Right Office alt. 行省右司照磨 xing sheng you si zhao mo 2655 檢校(左司)zuo si jian jiao Proofreader in the Left Office alt. 行省左司檢校 xing sheng zuo si jian jiao 2663 管勾(右司) you si guan gou Clerk in the Right Office alt. 行省右司管勾 xing sheng you si guan gou 2656 照磨(左司) zuo si zhao mo Record Keeper in the Left Office alt. 行省左司照磨 xing sheng zuo si zhao mo 2664 正理問(理問所) li wen suo zheng li wen Director of the Judicial Secretary's Office 2657 管勾(左司)zuo si guan gou Clerk in the Left Office alt. 行省左司管勾 xing sheng zuo si guan gou 2665 副理問(理問所) li wen suo fu li wen Vice Director of the Judicial Secretary's Office 2658 郎中(右司) you si lang zhong Director of the Right Office alt. 行省右司郎中 xing sheng you si lang zhong 2666 提控案牘(理問所) li wen suo ti kong an du Record Keeper in the Judicial Secretary's Office 222 Replaced 知事 zhi shi In the early Hongwu per Ming Shi, juan 75 Abolished in Hongwu 6 (1373) per Ming Shi, juan 75 2671 副鎮撫(都鎮撫司)du zhen fu si fu zhen fu Deputy Chief Judge Abolished in Hongwu 6 (1373) per Ming Shi, juan 75 2667 知事(理問所) li wen suo zhi shi Administrative Clerk in the Judicial Secretary's Office Replaced by 提控案牘 ti kong an du In the early Hongwu per Ming Shi, juan 75 2672 提控案牘(都鎮撫司) du zhen fu si ti kong an du Record Keeper in the Chief Prison Abolished in Hongwu 6 (1373) per Ming Shi, juan 75 2668 提舉(儒學提舉司) ru xue ti ju si ti ju Provincial Supervisor of the Supervisorate of Confucian Schools 2673 知事(都鎮撫司) du zhen fu si zhi shi Administrative Clerk in the Chief Prison Abolished in Hongwu 6 (1373) per Ming Shi, juan 75 2669 校理(儒學提舉司) ru xue ti ju si jiao li Subeditor in the Supervisorate of Confucian Schools 2670 都鎮撫(都鎮撫司) du zhen fu si du zhen fu Chief Judge 提刑按察使司 Provincial Surveillance Commission 2674 按察使 an cha shi Surveillance Commissioner alt. 提刑按察使 ti xing an cha shi alt. 按察僉事 an cha qian shi; 提刑按 察僉事 ti xing an cha qian shi 2677 經歷(經歷司) jing li si jing li Registrar of the Registry 2675 副使 fu shi Surveillance Vice Commissioner alt. 提刑按察副使 ti xing an cha fu shi; 按察副使 an cha fu shi 2678 知事(經歷司) jing li si zhi shi Administrative Clerk in the Registry 2679 照磨(照磨所) zhao mo suo zhao mo Record Keeper in the Records Office 2676 僉事 qian shi Assistant Surveillance Commissioner 223 2680 檢校(照磨所) zhao mo suo jian jiao Proofreader in the Records Office 2682 試僉事 shi qian shi Probationary Assistant Commissioner [Hongwu 15 (1382) – Hongwu 16 (1383)] 2681 司獄(司獄司) si yu si si yu Warder of the Prison 各道 Circuits 2683 參政(督糧道) du liang dao can zheng Administration Vice Commissioner in Charge of a Tax Circuit alt. 糧儲參政 liang chu can zheng 2688 參議(分守道) fen shou dao can yi Assistant Administration Commissioner in Charge of a General Administration Circuit alt. 分守參議 fen shou can yi 2684 參議(督糧道) du liang dao can yi Assistant Administration Commissioner in Charge of a Tax Circuit alt. 糧儲參議 liang chu can yi 2689 副使(提督學道) ti du xue dao fu shi Surveillance Vice Commissioner in Charge of an Education Intendant Circuit alt. 提學副使 ti xue fu shi; 提學按察 副使 ti xue an cha fu shi; 提學官 ti xue guan; 提督學校官 ti du xue xiao guan; 提調學校官 ti diao xue xiao guan; 提督學政 ti du xue zheng; 提學 參議 ti xue can yi 2685 參政(督冊道) du ce dao can zheng Administration Vice Commissioner in Charge of a Census Intendant Circuit 2686 參議(督冊道) du ce dao can yi Assistant Administration Commissioner in Charge of a Census Intendant Circuit 2690 僉事(提督學道) ti du xue dao qian shi Assistant Surveillance Commissioner in Charge of an Education Intendant Circuit alt. 提學僉事 ti xue qian shi; 提學官 ti xue guan; 提督學校官 ti du xue xiao guan; 提調學校官 ti diao xue xiao guan; 提督學政 ti du xue zheng; 提學 參議 ti xue can yi 2687 參政(分守道) fen shou dao can zheng Administration Vice Commissioner in Charge of a General Administration Circuit alt. 分守參政 fen shou can zheng 224 2691 副使(清軍道) qing jun dao fu shi Surveillance Vice Commissioner in Charge of an Army Inspection Circuit alt. 清軍副使 qing jun fu shi 2698 僉事(整飭兵備道) zheng chi bing bei dao qian shi Assistant Surveillance Commissioner in Charge of a Military Defense Circuit alt. 兵備僉事 bing bei qian shi 2692 僉事(清軍道) qing jun dao jian shi Assistant Surveillance Commissioner in Charge of an Army Inspection Circuit alt. 清軍僉事 qing jun qian shi 2699 副使(協堂道) xie tang dao fu shi Surveillance Vice Commissioner in Charge of a Coordination Circuit alt. 協堂副使 xie tang fu shi 2693 副使(驛傳道) yi chuan dao fu shi Surveillance Vice Commissioner in Charge of a Postal Service Circuit alt. 驛傳副使 yi chuan fu shi 2700 副使(水利道) shui li dao fu shi Surveillance Vice Commissioner in Charge of an Irrigation Circuit alt. 水利副使 shui li fu shi 2694 僉事(驛傳道) yi chuan dao qian shi Assistant Surveillance Commissioner in Charge of a Postal Service Circuit alt. 驛傳僉事 yi chuan qian shi 2701 僉事(水利道) shui li dao qian shi Assistant Surveillance Commissioner in Charge of an Irrigation Circuit alt. 水利僉事 shui li qian shi 2695 副使(分巡道) fen xun dao fu shi Surveillance Vice Commissioner in Charge of a General Surveillance Circuit alt. 分巡副使 fen xun fu shi 2702 副使(屯田道) tun tian dao fu shi Surveillance Vice Commissioner in Charge of a State Farms Circuit alt. 屯田副使 tun tian fu shi 2696 僉事(分巡道) fen xun dao qian shi Assistant Surveillance Commissioner in Charge of a General Surveillance Circuit alt. 分巡僉事 fen xun qian shi 2703 僉事(屯田道) tun tian dao qian shi Assistant Surveillance Commissioner in Charge of a State Farms Circuit alt. 屯田僉事 tun tian qian shi 2704 副使(管河道) guan he dao fu shi Surveillance Vice Commissioner in Charge of a Waterways Circuit alt. 管河副使 guan he fu shi 2697 副使(整飭兵備道) zheng chi bing bei dao fu shi Surveillance Vice Commissioner in Charge of a Military Defense Circuit alt. 兵備按察副使 bing bei an cha fu shi 2705 僉事(管河道) guan he dao qian shi 225 Assistant Surveillance Commissioner in Charge of a Waterways Circuit alt. 管河僉事 guan he qian shi 2710 副使(監軍道) jian jun dao fu shi Surveillance Vice Commissioner in Charge of an Army-Inspecting Circuit alt. 監軍副使 jian jun fu shi 2706 副使(鹽法道)yan fa dao fu shi Surveillance Vice Commissioner in Charge of a Salt Control Circuit alt. 鹽法副使 yan fa fu shi 2711 僉事(監軍道) jian jun dao qian shi Assistant Surveillance Commissioner in Charge of an Army-Inspecting Circuit alt. 監軍僉事 jian jun qian shi 2707 僉事(鹽法道) yan fa dao qian shi Assistant Surveillance Commissioner in Charge of a Salt Control Circuit alt. 鹽法僉事 yan fa qian shi 2712 副使(招練道) zhao lian dao fu shi Surveillance Vice Commissioner in Charge of a Training Circuit alt. 招練副使 zhao lian fu shi 2708 副使(撫治道) fu zhi dao fu shi Surveillance Vice Commissioner in Charge of a Pacification Circuit alt. 撫治副使 fu zhi fu shi 2713 僉事(招練道) zhao lian dao qian shi Assistant Surveillance Commissioner in Charge of a Training Circuit 2709 僉事(撫治道) fu zhi dao qian shi Assistant Surveillance Commissioner in Charge of a Pacification Circuit General names for the circuit posts in this section: 道台 dao tai; 道員 dao yuan; 巡道 xun dao 226 府官門 Prefectural Governance 府官 Prefectural Officers 2714 知府 zhi fu Prefect alt. 太守 tai shou 2723 教授(儒學) ru xue jiao shou Instructor in a Prefectural Confucian School alt. 府學教授 fu xue jiao shou 2715 同知 tong zhi Vice Prefect alt. 郡丞 jun cheng 2724 訓導(儒學) ru xue xun dao Assistant Instructor in a Prefectural Confucian School alt. 府學訓導 fu xue xun dao 2716 通判 tong pan Assistant Prefect 2725 大使(鐵冶所) tie ye suo da shi Commissioner of a Prefectural Iron Smelting Offîce 2717 推官 tui guan Prefectural Judge 2726 副使(鐵冶所) tie ye suo fu shi Vice Commissioner of a Prefectural Iron Smelting Offîce 2718 經歷(經歷司) jing li si jing li Registrar of the Registry 2719 知事(經歷司) jing li si zhi shi Administrative Clerk in a Prefectural Registry 2727 正術(陰陽學) yin yang xue zheng shu Principal of a Prefectural Geomancy School 2720 照磨(照磨所) zhao mo suo zhao mo Record Keeper in a Prefectural Records Office 2728 正科(醫學) yi xue zheng ke Principal of a Prefectural Medical School 2721 檢校(照磨所) zhao mo suo jian jiao Proofreader in a Prefectural Records Office 2729 倉大使 cang da shi Granary Commissioner 2730 倉副使 cang fu shi Granary Vice Commissioner 2722 司獄(司獄司) si yu si si yu Warder of a Prefectural Prison 227 2731 庫大使 ku da shi Storehouse Commissioner Pasture Commissioner 2740 副使(草場) cao chang fu shi Pasture Vice Commissioner 2732 庫副使 ku fu shi Storehouse Vice Commissioner 2741 都綱(僧綱司) seng gang si du gang Prefectural Buddhist Superior 2733 大使(稅課司) shui ke si da shi Commissioner of a Commercial Tax Office 2742 副都綱(僧綱司) seng gang si fu du gang Prefectural Buddhist Vice Superior 2734 副使(稅課司) shui ke si fu shi Vice Commissioner of a Commercial Tax Office 2743 都紀(道紀司) dao ji si du ji Prefectural Taoist Registrar 2735 大使(雜造織染局) za zao zhi ran ju da shi Commissioner of a Miscellaneous Manufactures, Weaving and Dyeing Service 2744 副都紀(道紀司) dao ji si fu du ji Prefectural Taoist Vice Registrar 2745 巡檢(巡檢司) xun jian si xun jian Police Chief 2736 副使(雜造織染局) za zao zhi ran ju fu shi Vice Commissioner of a Miscellaneous Manufactures, Weaving and Dyeing Service 2746 驛丞(水馬驛) shui ma yi yi cheng Postal Relay Station Master 2737 大使(稅課分司) shui ke fen si da shi Commissioner of a Commercial Tax Branch 2748 所官(河泊所) he po suo suo guan Officer in a Fishing Tax Office 2747 大使(遞運所) di yun suo da shi Commissionerf of a Transport Office 2749 閘官 zha guan Sluice Gate Officer 2738 副使(稅課分司) shui ke fen si fu shi Vice Commissioner of a Commercial Tax Branch 2750 壩官 ba guan Embankment Officer 2739 大使(草場) cao chang da shi 228 州官門 Sub-prefectural Governance 州官 Sub-prefectural Officers 2751 知州 zhi zhou Subprefectural Magistrate alt. 郡守 jun shou Commissioner of a Commercial Tax Office 2752 同知 tong zhi Subprefectural Vice Magistrate 2760 副使(稅課局)shui ke ju fu shi Vice Commissioner of a Commercial Tax Office 2753 判官 pan guan Assistant Subprefecture Magistrate 2761 大使(茶課司) cha ke si da shi Commissioner of a Tea Tax Office 2754 吏目 li mu Subprefectural Head Clerk 2762 副使(茶課司) cha ke si fu shi Vice Commissioner of a Tea Tax Office 2755 學正(儒學) ru xue xue zheng Instructor in a Subprefectural Confucian School alt. 州學學正 zhou xue xue zheng 2763 關大使 guan da shi Commissioner of a Customs House 2764 關副使 guan fu shi Vice Commissioner of a Customs House 2756 訓導(儒學) ru xue xun dao Assistant Instructor in a Subprefectural Confucian School alt. 州學訓導 zhou xue xun dao 2765 大使(鐵冶所) tie ye suo da shi Commissioner of an Iron Melting Office 2757 典術(陰陽學) yin yang xue dian shu Principal of a Subprefectural Geomancy School 2766 大使(批驗茶引所) pi yan cha yin suo da shi Commissioner of a Tea and Salt Control Station 2758 典科(醫學) yi xue dian ke Principal of a Subprefectural Medical School 2767 閘官 zha guan Sluice Gate Officer 2759 大使(稅課局) shui ke ju da shi 2768 壩官 ba guan 229 2774 道正(道正司) dao zheng si dao zheng Subprefectural Taoist Registrar Embankment Officer 2769 倉大使 cang da shi Granary Commissioner 2775 巡檢(巡檢司) xun jian si xun jian Police Chief 2770 倉副使 cang fu shi Granary Vice Commissioner 2776 驛丞(水馬驛) shui ma yi yi cheng Postal Relay Station Master 2771 大使(草場) cao chang da shi Pasture Commissioner 2777 大使(遞運所) di yun suo da shi Commissionerf of a Transport Office 2772 副使(草場) cao chang fu shi Pasture Vice Commissioner 2778 所官(河泊所) he po suo suo guan Officer in a Fishing Tax Office 2773 僧正(僧正司) seng zheng si seng zheng Subprefectural Buddhist Chief 230 縣官門 District Governance 縣官 District Officers 2779 知縣 zhi xian District Magistrate alt. 縣尹 xian yin; 縣令 xian ling; 邑 宰 yi zai 2787 大使(稅課局) shui ke ju da shi Commissioner of a Commercial Tax Office 2780 縣丞 xian cheng District Vice Magistrate 2788 僧會(僧會司) seng hui si seng hui District Buddhist Superior 2781 主簿 zhu bu Assistant District Magistrate 2789 道會(道會司) dao hui si dao hui District Taoist Registrar 2782 典史 dian shi District Jailor 2790 巡檢(巡檢司) xun jian si xun jian Police Chief 2783 教諭(儒學) ru xue jiao yu Instructor in a District Confucian School alt. 縣學教諭 xian xue jiao yu 2791 驛丞(水馬驛) shui ma yi yi cheng Postal Relay Station Master 2792 大使(遞運所) di yun suo da shi Commissioner of a Transport Office 2784 訓導(儒學) ru xue xun dao Assistant Instructor in a District Confucian School alt. 縣學訓導 xian xue xun dao 2793 所官(河泊所) he po suo suo guan Officer in an Office of Fishing Tax 2794 閘官 zha guan Sluice Gate Officer 2785 訓術(陰陽學) yin yang xue xun shu Principal of a District Geomancy School 2795 壩官 ba guan Embankment Officer 2786 訓科(醫學) yi xue xun ke Principal of a District Medical School 231 基層官署門 Community Governance 2796 甲長 jia zhang Tithing Chief 2800 糧長 liang zhang Tax Captain 2797 里長 li zhang Community Head 2801 保長 bao zhang Security Group Head alt. 保正 bao zheng 2798 里胥 li xu Community Functionaries 2802 總甲 zong jia Head of an Urban Precinct 2799 老人 lao ren Community Elder alt. 里老 li lao 2803 火甲 huo jia Fire Captain 232 地方軍事與治安機構類 Regional and Local Military Units 233 地區軍官門 Regional Military Officials 通用軍官 Generic Military Official Titles 2804 總兵 zong bing Regional Commander alt. 總兵官 zong bing guan 2813 左副將軍 zuo fu jiang jun Vice General of the Left 2805 掛印總兵 gua yin zong bing Regional Commander with General's Seal alt. 掛印總兵官 gua yin zong bing guan 2814 右副將軍 you fu jiang jun Vice General of the Right 2806 援剿總兵 yuan jiao zong bing Regional Commander Assisting Suppression alt. 援剿總兵官 yuan jiao zong bing guan 2816 右副副將軍 you fu fu jiang jun Vice Associate General of the Right 2807 副總兵 fu zong bing Vice Regional Commander 2818 左參將 zuo can jiang Left Assistant Regional Commander 2808 左副總兵 zuo fu zong bing Left Vice Regional Commander 2819 右參將 you can jiang Right Assistant Regional Commander 2809 右副總兵 you fu zong bing guan Right Vice Regional Commander 2820 民兵參將 min bing can jiang Assistant Commander of Militia 2810 大將軍 da jiang jun General-in-Chief 2821 鎮守 zhen shou Regional Commander 2811 將軍 jiang jun General alt. 將 jiang 2822 協守 xie shou Vice Regional Commander alt. 協同守備 xie tong shou bei 2812 偏將軍 pian jiang jun Lieutenant General 2823 分守 fen shou Sub-regional Assistant Commander 2815 左副副將軍 zuo fu fu jiang jun Vice Associate General of the Left 2817 參將 can jiang Assistant Regional Commander 234 2829 巡視 xun shi Inspecting Commander 2824 守備 shou bei Municipal Military Commander 2830 備禦 bei yu Company Commander 2825 旗鼓守備 qi gu shou bei Grand Commandant 2831 提調 ti diao Supervising Commander 2826 加銜守備 jia xian shou bei Commander with Additional Rank 2832 操守 cao shou Military Officer in Charge of Training and Defense Affairs 2827 備倭 bei wo Commander agaist Japanese Army an ad-hoc position taken by military officers of different ranks, such as 備 倭都指揮 bei wo du zhi hui and 備倭 總兵官 bei wo zong bing guan 2833 領班 ling ban Commander-in-charge 2834 把總 ba zong Company Commander 2828 提督 ti du Military Superindendent 薊州軍官 Military Officials in the Jizhou Region 2835 鎮守總兵官 zhen shou zong bing guan Regional Commander of Jizhou alt. 鎮守薊州總兵官 zhen shou jizhou zong bing guan Western Route [Longqing 3 (1569) -] per Ming Shi, juan 76 2837 分守參將 fen shou can jiang Sub-regional Assistant Commander Eleven posts: 山海關參將 shan hai guan can jiang; 石門寨參將 shi men zhai can jiang; 燕河營參將 yan he ying can jiang; 臺頭營參將 tai tou ying can jiang; 太平寨參將 tai ping zhai can jiang; 馬蘭峪參將 ma lan yu can jiang; 墻子嶺參將 qiang zi ling can jiang; 古北口參將 gu bei kou can jiang; 石塘嶺參將 shi tang ling can 2836 協守副總兵 xie shou fu zong bing Vice Regional Commander three posts: 東路副總兵 dong lu fu zong bing, Regional Vice Commander of the Eastern Route [Longqing 3 (1569) -], 中路副總兵 zhong lu fu zong bing, Regional Vice Commander of the Central Route [Wanli 4 (1576) -], and 西路副總兵 xi lu fu zong bing, Regional Vice Commander of the 235 2841 坐營官 zuo ying guan Military Official on-duty jiang; 喜衞口參將 xi wei kou can jiang 2838 遊擊將軍 you ji jiang jun Mobile Corps Commander 2842 守備 shou bei Military Commander of a City 2839 統領南兵遊擊將軍 tong ling nan bing you ji jiang jun South Mobile Corps Commander 2843 把總 ba zong Company Commander 2844 提調官 ti diao guan Supervising Commander Abolished in Wanli 8 (1580) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 126 2840 領班遊擊將軍 ling ban you ji jiang jun Mobile Corps Superising Commander 昌平軍官 Military Officials in the Changping Region 2845 鎮守總兵官 zhen shou zong bing guan Regional Commander of Changping alt. 鎮守昌平總兵官 zhen shou changping zong bing guan Replaced 提督武臣 ti du wu chen in Jiajing 38 (1559) per Ming Shi, juan 76 Sub-regional Assistant Commander Three posts: 居庸關參將 ju yong guan can jiang; 黃花鎮參將 huang hua zhen can jiang; 橫嶺口參將 heng ling kou can jiang 2849 游擊將軍 you ji jiang jun Mobile Corps Commander 2846 副總兵 fu zong bing Vice Regional Commander Abolished in Jiajing 38 (1559) per Ming Shi, juan 76 2850 坐營官 zuo ying guan Military Official on-duty 2851 守備 shou bei Military Commander of a City 2847 提督武臣 ti du wu chen Military Superintendent alt. 武臣提督 wu chen ti du Replaced by 鎮守總兵 zhen shou zong bing in Jiajing 38 (1558) per Ming Shi, juan 76 2852 提調官 ti diao guan Supervising Commander 2848 分守參將 fen shou can jiang 236 遼東軍官 Military Officials in the Liaodong Region 2853 鎮守總兵官 zhen shou zong bing guan Regional Commander of Liaodong alt. 鎮守遼東總兵官 zhen shou liaodong zong bing guan 2856 遊擊將軍 you ji jiang jun Mobile Corps Commander 2857 守備 shou bei Municipal Military Commander 2854 協守副總兵 xie shou fu zong bing Vice Regional Commander 2858 操守 cao shou Military Officer in Charge of Training and Defense Affairs 2855 分守參將 fen shou can jiang Sub-regional Assistant Commander Five posts: 開原參將 kai yuan can jiang; 錦義右參將 jin yi you can jiang; 海蓋右參將 hai gai you can jiang; 寧遠參將 ning yuan can jiang; 寬奠堡參將 kuan dian bao can jiang 2859 坐營中軍官 zuo ying zhong jun guan Commander on-duty 2860 備禦 bei yu Company Commander 保定軍官 Military Officials in the Baoding Region A post named as 保定副總兵 baoding fu zong bing back in Hongzhi 18 (1505) per Ming Shi, juan 76 2861 鎮守總兵官 zhen shou zong bing guan Regional Commander of Baoding [Jiajing 30 (1551) -] alt. 鎮守保定總兵官 zhen shou baoding zong bing guan A post named as 鎮守 Zhen Shou back in Jiajing 20 (1451) per Ming Shi, juan 76 2863 分守參將 fen shou can jiang Assistant Regional Commander Four posts: 紫荊關參將 zi jing guan can jiang; 龍固二關參將 long gu er guan can jiang; 馬水口參將 ma shui kou can jiang; 倒馬關參將 dao ma guan can jiang 2862 分守副總兵 fen shou fu zong bing Vice Regional Commander [Zhengde 9 (1514) - ] 2864 遊擊將軍 you ji jiang jun Mobile Corps Commander 237 2867 把總 ba zong Company Commander 2865 坐營中軍官 zuo ying zhong jun guan Commander on-duty 2868 忠順官 zhong shun guan Commander of Surrendered Mongolian Soldiers 2866 守備 shou bei Municipal Military Commander 宣府軍官 Military Officials in the Xuanfu Region 2869 鎮守總兵官 zhen shou zong bing guan Regional Commander of Xuanfu alt. 鎮守宣府總兵官 zhen shou xuanfu zong bing guan 2872 遊擊將軍 you ji jiang jun Mobile Corps Commander 2873 坐營中軍官 zuo ying zhong jun guan Military Official on-duty 2870 協守副總兵 xie shou fu zong bing Vice Regional Commander 2874 守備 shou bei Municipal Military Commander 2871 分守參將 fen shou can jiang Sub-regional Assistant Commander Seven posts: 北路獨石馬營參將 bei lu du shi ma ying can jiang; 東路懷來永 寧參將 dong lu huai lai yong ning can jiang; 上西路萬全右衞參將 shang xi lu wan quan you wei can jiang; 南路順 聖蔚廣參將 nan lu shun sheng wei guang can jiang; 中路葛峪堡參將 zhong lu ge yu bao can jiang; 下西路 柴溝堡參將 xia xi lu chai gou bao can jiang; 南山參將 nan shan can jiang 2875 領班備禦 ling ban bei yu Supervising Company Commander alt. 備禦領班 bei yu ling ban Abolished in Wanli 8 (1580) per Ming Shi, juan 76 238 大同軍官 Military Officials in the Datong Region ping bao can jiang; 總督標下左掖參 將 zong du biao xia zuo ye can jiang; 威遠城參將 wei yuan cheng can jiang 2876 鎮守總兵官 zhen shou zong bing guan Regional Commander of Datong alt. 鎮守大同總兵官 zhen shou datong zong bing guan 2879 遊擊將軍 you ji jiang jun Mobile Corps Commander 2877 協守副總兵 xie shou fu zong bing Vice Regional Commander 2880 入衛遊擊 ru wei you ji On-Call Mobile Corps Commander in a Defending Squad 2878 分守參將 fen shou can jiang Sub-regional Assistant Commander Nine posts: 東路參將 dong lu can jiang; 北東路參將 bei dong lu can jiang; 中路參將 zhong lu can jiang; 西 路參將 xi lu can jiang; 北西路參將 bei xi lu can jiang; 井坪城參將 jing ping cheng can jiang; 新坪堡參將 xin 2881 坐營中軍官 zuo ying zhong jun guan Military Official on-Duty 2882 守備 shou bei Municipal Military Commander 山西軍官 Military Officials in the Shanxi Region 2883 鎮守總兵官 zhen shou zong bing guan Regional Commander of Shanxi [Jiajing 20 (1541) -] alt. 鎮守山西總兵官 zhen shou shanxi zong bing guan a post replaced 副總兵 fu zong bing per Ming Shi, juan 76 Six posts: 東路代州左參將 dong lu dai zhou zuo can jiang; 西路偏頭關右 參將 xi lu pian tou guan you can jiang; 太原左參將 tai yuan zuo can jiang; 中 路利民堡右參將 Zhong lu li min bao you can jiang; 河曲縣參將 he qu xian can jiang; 北樓口參將 bei lou kou can jiang 2884 協守副總兵 xie shou fu zong bing Vice Regional Commander [Jiajing 44 (1565) -] 2886 遊擊將軍 you ji jiang jun Mobile Corps Commander 2885 分守參將 fen shou can jiang Sub-regional Assistant Commander 2887 坐營中軍官 zuo ying zhong jun guan Military Official on-duty 239 2889 操守 cao shou Military Officer in Charge of Training and Defense Affairs [Jiajing 38 (1559) -] 2888 守備 shou bei Municipal Military Commander 延綏軍官 Military Officials in the Yansui Region 2890 鎮守總兵官 zhen shou zong bing guan Regional Commander of Yansui alt. 鎮守延綏總兵官 zhen shou yansui zong bing guan 2893 遊擊將軍 you ji jiang jun Mobile Corps Commander 2894 入衛遊擊 ru wei you ji On-Call Mobile Corps Commander in a Defending Squad 2891 協守副總兵 xie shou fu zong bing Vice Regional Commander 2895 守備 shou bei Municipal Military Commander 2892 分守參將 fen shou can jiang Sub-regional Assistant Commander Six posts: 孤山參將 gu shan can jiang; 東路右參將 dong lu you can jiang; 西 路左參將 xi lu zuo can jiang; 中路參 將 zhong lu can jiang; 清平參將 qing ping can jiang; 榆林保寧參將 yu lin bao ning can jiang 2896 坐營中軍官 zuo ying zhong jun guan Military Official on-Duty [Jiajing 36 (1557) -] 寧夏軍官 Military Officials in the Ningxia Region 2897 鎮守總兵官 zhen shou zong bing guan Regional Commander of Ningxia alt. 鎮守寧夏總兵官 zhen shou ningxia zong bing guan Sub-regional Assistant Commander Four posts: 東路右參將 dong lu you can jiang; 西路左參將 xi lu zuo can jiang; 靈州左參將 ling zhou zuo can jiang; 北路平虜城參將 bei lu ping lu cheng can jiang 2898 協守副總兵 xie shou fu zong bing Vice Regional Commander 2900 遊擊將軍 you ji jiang jun Mobile Corps Commander 2899 分守參將 fen shou can jiang 240 Managing Officer of a Municipal Military Commission 2901 入衛遊擊 ru wei you ji On-Call Mobile Corps Commander in a Defending Squad Abolished in Wanli 8 (1580) per Ming Shi, juan 76 2906 領班都司 ling ban du si Supervising Officer of a Municipal Military Commission Abolished in Wanli 9 (1581) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 126 2902 守備 shou bei Municipal Military Commander 2907 管理水利屯田都司 guan li shui li tun tian du si Military Official in-charge-of Irrigation and State Farms Circuits Abolished in Wanli 8 (1580) , and later restored in Wanli 11 (1583) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 126 2903 備禦領班 bei yu ling ban Supervising Company Commander 2904 坐營中軍官 zuo ying zhong jun guan Military Official on-duty 2905 管理鎮城都司 guan li zhen cheng du si 甘肅軍官 Military Officials in the Gansu Region 2908 鎮守總兵官 zhen shou zong bing guan Regional Commander of Gansu alt. 鎮守甘肅總兵官 zhen shou gansu zong bing guan 2912 遊擊將軍 you ji jiang jun Mobile Corps Commander 2913 坐營中軍官 zuo ying zhong jun guan Military Official on-duty 2909 協守副總兵 xie shou fu zong bing Vice Regional Commander 2914 守備 shou bei Municipal Military Commander 2910 分守副總兵 fen shou fu zong bing Sub-regional Vice Commander 2915 領班備禦都司 ling ban bei yu du si Supervising Commander of a Military Defense Commission Abolished in Longqing 1 (1567) and later restored in Wanli 11 (1583) per Da Ming Hui Dian, juan 126 2911 分守參將 fen shou can jiang Sub-regional Assistant Commander Four posts: 莊浪左參將 zhuang lang zuo can jiang; 肅州右參將 su zhou you can jiang; 西寧參將 xi ning can jiang; 鎮番參將 zhen fan can jiang 241 陝西軍官 Military Officials in the Shaanxi Region 2916 鎮守總兵官 zhen shou zong bing guan Regional Commander of Shaanxi alt. 鎮守陝西總兵官 zhen shou shanxi zong bing guan 虜參將 jing lu can jiang; 陝西參將 shan xi can jiang; 階文西固參將 jie wen xi gu can jiang 2920 遊擊將軍 you ji jiang jun Mobile Corps Commander 2917 協守副總兵 xie shou fu zong bing Vice Regional Commander 2921 坐營中軍官 zuo ying zhong jun guan Military Official on-duty alt. 中軍官 zhong jun guan 2918 分守副總兵 fen shou fu zong bing Sub-regional ViceCommander 2919 分守參將 fen shou can jiang Sub-regional Assistant Commander Five posts: 河州參將 he zhou can jiang; 蘭州參將 lan zhou can jiang; 靖 2922 守備 shou bei Municipal Military Commander 四川軍官 Military Officials in the Sichuan Region Two posts: 松潘東路左參將 song pan dong lu zuo can jiang; 松潘南路右參 將 song pan nan lu you can jiang 2923 鎮守總兵官 zhen shou zong bing guan Regional Commander of Sichuan alt. 鎮守四川總兵官 zhen shou sichuan zong bing guan [Longqing 5 (1571) -] 2926 遊擊將軍 you ji jiang jun Mobile Corps Commander 2924 分守副總兵 fen shou fu zong bing Sub-regional Vice Commander 2927 守備 shou bei Municipal Military Commander 2925 協守參將 xie shou can jiang Assistant Regional Commander 2928 總兵坐營官 zong bing zuo ying guan Regional Commander on-duty [Longqing 5 (1571) -] 242 雲南軍官 Military Officials in the Yunnan Region 2929 鎮守總兵官 zhen shou zong bing guan Regional Commander of Yunnan alt. 鎮守雲南總兵官 zhen shou yunnan zong bing guan 2931 守備 shou bei Municipal Military Commander 2932 巡撫中軍坐營官 xun fu zhong jun zuo ying guan Inspecting Commander on-Site [Longqing 4 (1570) -] 2930 分守參將 fen shou can jiang Sub-regional Assistant Commander Three posts: 臨元參將 lin yuan can jiang; 永昌參將 yong chang can jiang; 順蒙參將 shun meng can jiang 貴州軍官 Military Officials in the Guizhou Region 2933 鎮守總兵官 zhen shou zong bing guan Regional Commander of Guizhou 2935 守備 shou bei Municipal Military Commander 2934 分守參將 fen shou can jiang Sub-regional Assistant Commander Two posts: 提督清浪右參將 ti du qing lang you can jiang; 提督川貴迤西左 參將 ti du chuan gui yi xi zuo can jiang 2936 巡撫中軍官 xun fu zhong jun guan Inspecting Commander [Jiajing 43 (1564) -] 243 廣西軍官 Military Officials in the Guangxi Region can jiang; 永寧參將 yong ning can jiang; 思恩參將 si en can jiang; 昭平 參將 zhao ping can jiang 2937 鎮守總兵官 zhen shou zong bing guan Regional Commander of Guangxi [Jiajing 45 (1566) - ] Replaced 副總兵 fu zong bing per Ming Shi, juan 76 2939 守備 shou bei Municipal Military Commander 2938 分守參將 fen shou can jiang Sub-regional Assistant Commander Five posts: 潯梧左參將 xun wu zuo can jiang; 柳慶右參將 liu qing you 2940 坐營官 zuo ying guan Military Official on-duty 湖廣軍官 Military Officials in the Huguang Region 2943 守備 shou bei Municipal Military Commander 2941 鎮守總兵官 zhen shou zong bing guan Regional Commander of Huguang alt. 鎮守湖廣總兵官 zhen shou huguang zong bing guan 2944 把總 ba zong Company Commander 2942 分守參將 fen shou can jiang Sub-regional Assistant Commander Three posts: 黎平參將 li ping can jiang; 鎮筸參將 zhen gan can jiang; 鄖陽參將 yun yang can jiang 廣東軍官 Military Officials in the Guangdong Region 2945 鎮守總兵官 zhen shou zong bing guan Regional Commander of Guangdong alt. 鎮守廣東總兵官 zhen shou guangdong zong bing guan [Jiajing 45 (1566) - ] 2946 協守副總兵 xie shou fu zong bing Vice Regional Commander alt. 潮漳副總兵 chao zhang fu zong bing [Wanli 3 (1574) -] 244 Mobile Corps Commander in Charge of Training 2947 分守參將 fen shou can jiang Sub-regional Assistant Commander Seven posts: 潮州參將 chao zhou can jiang; 瓊崖參將 qiong ya can jiang; 雷 廉參將 lei lian can jiang; 東山參將 dong shan can jiang; 西山參將 xi shan can jiang; 督理廣州海防參將 du li guang zhou hai fang can jiang; 惠州參 將 hui zhou can jiang, per Ming Shi, juan 76 2949 守備 shou bei Municipal Military Commander 2950 坐營中軍官 zuo ying zhong jun guan Military Official on-duty alt. 中軍官 zhong jun guan 2951 把總 ba zong Company Commander 2948 練兵游擊將軍 lian bing you ji jiang jun 南直隸軍官 Military Officials in the Southern Metropolitan Region 2952 提督狼山副總兵 ti du langshan fu zong bing Vice Superintendent Commander of Langshan [Jiajing 37 year (1558) -] alt. 狼山副總兵 langshan fu zong bing 2955 遊擊將軍 you ji jiang jun Mobile Corps Commander 2956 守備 shou bei Municipal Military Commander 2953 鎮守江南副總兵 zhen shou jiangnan fu zong bing guan Vice Regional Commander of Jiangnan 2957 鳳陽軍門中軍官 fengyang jun men zhong jun guan Inspecting Commander in Fengyang [Jiajing 40 (1561) -] 2954 分守參將 fen shou can jiang Sub-regional Assistant Commander Two posts: 徐州參將 xu zhou can jiang; 金山參將 jin shan can jiang 2958 把總 ba zong Company Commander 浙江軍官 Military Officials in the Zhejiang Region 2959 鎮守總兵官 zhen shou zong bing guan Regional Commander of Zhejiang 245 alt. 鎮守浙江總兵官 zhen shou zhejiang zong bing guan Mobile Corps Commander 2962 總捕都司 zong bu du si Commander of the Anti-pirate Regional Military Commission [Jiajing 45 (1566) -] 2960 分守參將 fen shou can jiang Sub-regional Assistant Commander Four posts: 杭嘉湖參將 hang jia hu can jiang; 寧紹參將 ning shao can jiang; 溫處參將 wen chu can jiang; 台 金嚴參將 tai jin yan can jiang 2963 把總 ba zong Company Commander 2961 遊擊將軍 you ji jiang jun 江西軍官 Military Officials in the Jiangxi Region 2964 分守參將 fen shou can jiang Sub-regional Assistant Commander alt. 分守江西參將 fen shou jiangxi can jiang; 南贛參將 nan gan can jiang [Jiajing 43 (1564) - ] 2965 守備 shou bei Municipal Military Commander 2966 把總 ba zong Company Commander 福建軍官 Military Officials in the Fujian Region 2969 守備 shou bei Municipal Military Commander 2967 鎮守總兵官 zhen shou zong bing guan Regional Commander of Fujian alt. 鎮守福建總兵官 zhen shou fujian zong bing guan [Jiajing 42 (1563) - ] replaced 副總兵 fu zong bing per Ming Shi, juan 76 2970 把總 ba zong Company Commander 2971 坐營官 zuo ying guan Military Official on-duty [Longqing 6 (1572) -] Replaced 總兵下坐營官 zong bing xia zuo ying guan 2968 分守參將 fen shou can jiang Sub-regional Assistant Commander One post: 南路參將 nan lu can jiang 246 山東軍官 Military Officials in the Shandong Region 2972 鎮守總兵官 zhen shou zong bing guan Regional Commander of Shandong alt. 鎮守山東總兵官 zhen shou shandong zong bing guan [Mid-Tianqi (162?) -] Commander of the Anti-wo Regional Military Commission 2974 領薊鎮班都司 ling ji zhen ban du si Commander in Charge of the Soldiers in Jizhou 2973 總督備倭都司 zong du bei wo du si 河南軍官 Military Officials in the Henan Region 2975 守備 shou bei Municipal Military Commander 2976 領薊鎮班都司 ling ji zhen ban du si Commander in Charge of Soldiers Defending Jizhou 漕運軍官 Grain Transport Military Officials 2977 總督總兵官 zong du zong bing guan Grain Transport Commander alt. 總督漕運總兵官 zong du cao yun zong bing guan; 漕運總兵官 cao yun zong bing guan 2978 協同督運參將 xie tong du yun can jiang Assistant Grain Transport Commander 2979 把總 ba zong Squads Leader 247 留守司門 The Regency 2980 正留守 zheng liu shou Regent 2984 都事(經歷司) jing li si du shi Office Manager of the Registry 2981 副留守 fu liu shou Vice Regent 2985 斷事(斷事司) duan shi si duan shi Judge of the Judicial Office 2982 指揮同知 zhi hui tong zhi Regency Military Vice Commander alt. 同留守使 tong liu shou shi; 同知 留守 tong zhi liu shou 2986 副斷事(斷事司) duan shi si fu duan shi Assistant Judge of the Judicial Office 2987 吏目 li mu Regency Clerk 2983 經歷(經歷司) jing li si jing li Registrar of the Registry 248 (行)都指揮使司門 (Auxiliary) Regional and Local Military Units 都指揮使司 The Regional Military Commission 2988 都指揮使 du zhi hui shi Regional Military Commissioner 2995 副斷事(斷事司) du shi si fu duan shi Assistant Judge of the Judicial Office 2989 都指揮同知 du zhi hui tong zhi Regional Military Vice Commissioner 2996 吏目(斷事司) duan shi si li mu Clerk in the Judicial Office 2990 都指揮僉事 du zhi hui qian shi Regional Military Assistant Commissioner 2997 司獄(司獄司) si yu si si yu Warder of the Prison 2991 經歷(經歷司) jing li si jing li Registrar of the Registry 2998 大使(倉庫) cang ku da shi Storehouse Commissioner 2992 都事(經歷司) jing li si du shi Office Manager of the Registry 2999 副使(倉庫) cang ku fu shi Storehouse Vice Commissioner 2993 吏目(經歷司) jing li si li mu Registry Clerk 3000 大使(草場) cao chang da shi Pasture Commissioner 2994 斷事(斷事司) du shi si duan shi Judge of the Judicial Office 3001 副使(草場) cao chang fu shi Pasture Vice Commissioner 行都指揮使司 The Auxiliary Regional Military Commission 3002 行都指揮使 xing du zhi hui shi Auxiliary Regional Military Commissioner 3003 行都指揮同知 xing du zhi hui tong zhi Auxiliary Regional Military Vice Commissioner 249 3004 行都指揮僉事 xing du zhi hui qian shi Auxiliary Regional Military Assistant Commissioner 3010 吏目(斷事司) duan shi si li mu Clerk in the Judicial Office 3011 司獄(司獄司) si yu si si yu Warder of the Prison 3005 經歷(經歷司) jing li si jing li Registrar of the Registry 3012 大使(倉庫) cang ku da shi Storehouse Commissioner 3006 都事(經歷司) jing li si du shi Office Manager of the Registry 3013 副使(倉庫) cang ku fu shi Storehouse Vice Commissioner 3007 吏目(經歷司) jing li si li mu Registry Clerk 3014 大使(草場) cao chang da shi Pasture Commissioner 3008 斷事(斷事司) du shi si duan shi Judge of the Judicial Office 3015 副使(草場) cao chang fu shi Pasture Vice Commissioner 3009 副斷事(斷事司) du shi si fu duan shi Assistant Judge of the Judicial Office 衛指揮使司 Guard Military Commands 3016 衛指揮使 wei zhi hui shi Guard Commander 3021 經歷(經歷司) jing li si jing li Registrar of the Registry 3017 衛指揮副使 wei zhi hui fu shi Guard Vice Commander A post existed in the early Ming 3022 知事(經歷司) jing li si zhi shi Registry Administrative Clerk 3023 吏目(經歷司) jing li si li mu Registry Clerk 3018 衛指揮同知 wei zhi hui tong zhi Guard Deputy Commander 3024 倉大使 cang da shi Storehouse Commissioner 3019 衛指揮僉事 wei zhi hui qian shi Guard Assistant Commander 3025 倉副使 cang fu shi Storehouse Vice Commissioner 3020 鎮撫(鎮撫司) zhen fu si zhen fu Judge in the Prison 250 3026 散騎舍人 san qi she ren Drafter of the Cavalier Attendant 3027 參侍舍人 can shi she ren Drafter in Service 所指揮使司 Battalion Military Commissions 3028 正千戶(千戶所) qian hu suo zheng qian hu Battalion Commander 3035 正萬戶(萬戶府) wan hu suo zheng wan hu Brigade Commander A post of short existence in the early Ming, abolished along with 萬戶府 wan hu fu, per Ming Shi, juan 76 3029 副千戶(千戶所) qian hu suo fu qian hu Battalion Vice Commander 3036 副萬戶(萬戶府) wan hu suo fu wan hu Brigade Vice Commander A post of short existence in the early Ming, abolished along with 萬戶府 wan hu fu, per Ming Shi, juan 76 3030 鎮撫(千戶所) qian hu suo zhen fu Battalion Judge 3031 吏目(千戶所) qian hu suo li mu Battalion Clerk 3032 百戶 bai hu Company Commander 3037 知事(萬戶府) wan hu suo zhi shi Brigade Administrative Clerk A post of short existence in the early Ming, abolished along with 萬戶府 wan hu fu, per Ming Shi, juan 76 3033 總旗 zong qi Platoon Commander 3034 小旗 xiao qi Squad Commander 3038 照磨(萬戶府) wan hu suo zhao mo Brigade Record Keeper A post of short existence in the early Ming, abolished along with 萬戶府 wan hu fu, per Ming Shi, juan 76 251 番夷都指揮使司門 Frontier Native Military Units 番夷都指揮使司 Regional Military Commission of Frontier Natives 3039 番夷都指揮使 fan yi du zhi hui shi Commander-in-chief of Frontier Natives 3046 副斷事(斷事司) duan shi si fu duan shi Deputy Judge of the Judicial Office 3040 番夷都指揮同知 fan yi du zhi hui tong zhi Vice Commander-in-chief of Frontier Natives 3047 吏目(斷事司) duan shi si li mu Judicial Clerk 3048 司獄(司獄司) si yu si si yu Warder of the Prison 3041 番夷都指揮僉事 fan yi du zhi hui qian shi Assistant Vice Commander-in-chief of Frontier Natives 3049 大使(倉庫) cang ku da shi Storehouse Commissioner 3042 經歷(經歷司) jing li si jing li Registrar of the Registry 3050 副使(倉庫) cang ku fu shi Storehouse Vice Commissioner 3043 都事(經歷司) jing li si du shi Office Manager of the Registry 3051 大使(草場) cao chang da shi Pasture Commissioner 3044 吏目(經歷司)jing li si li mu Registry Clerk 3052 副使(草場) cao chang fu shi Pasture Vice Commissioner 3045 斷事(斷事司) duan shi si duan shi Judge of the Judicial Office 252 番夷衞指揮使司 Guard Command of Frontier Natives 3053 指揮使 zhi hui shi Commander 3062 正千戶(千戶所) qian hu suo zheng qian hu Battalion Commander 3054 指揮同知 zhi hui tong zhi Associate Commissioner 3055 指揮僉事 zhi hui qian shi Assistant Commissioner 3063 副千戶(千戶所) qian hu suo fu qian hu Battalion Vice Commander 3056 鎮撫(鎮撫司) zhen fu si zhen fu Judge in the Prison 3064 鎮撫(千戶所) qian hu suo zhen fu Judge in a Battalion 3057 經歷(經歷司) jing li si jing li Registrar of the Registry 3065 吏目(千戶所) qian hu suo li mu Clerk in a Battalion 3058 知事(經歷司) jing li si zhi shi Registry Administrative Clerk 3066 百戶 bai hu Company Commander 3059 吏目(經歷司) jing li si li mu Registry Clerk 3067 總旗 zong qi Platoon Commander 3060 倉大使 cang da shi Storehouse Commissioner 3068 小旗 xiao qi Squad Commander 3061 倉副使 cang fu shi Storehouse Vice Commissioner 253 招討經略安撫使門 Various Pacification Commissions 宣慰使司 Pacification Commission 3069 都元帥 du yuan Shuai Pacification Commander-in-chief Vice Commissioner 3073 僉事 qian shi Assistant Commissioner 3070 宣慰使 xuan wei shi Pacification Commissioner alt. 經略使 jing lve shi 3074 經歷(經歷司) jing li si jing li Registrar of the Registry 3071 同知 tong zhi Associate Commissioner 3075 都事(經歷司) jing li si du shi Office Manager of the Registry 3072 副使 fu shi 宣撫司 Pacification Commission 3080 經歷(經歷司) jing li si jing li Registrar of the Registry 3076 宣撫使 xuan fu shi Pacification Commissioner alt. 宣撫 xuan fu 3081 知事(經歷司) jing li si zhi shi Registry Administrative Clerk 3077 同知 tong zhi Pacification Associate Commissioner 3082 照磨(照磨所) zhao mo suo zhao mo Record Keeper of the Records Office 3078 副使 fu shi Pacification Vice Commissioner 3079 僉事 qian shi Pacification Assistant Commissioner 254 安撫司 Pacification Commission 3085 副使 fu shi Pacification Vice Commissioner 3083 安撫使 an fu shi Pacification Commissioner alt. 經略使 jing lve shi; 安撫 an fu 3086 僉事 qian shi Pacification Assistant Commissioner 3084 同知 tong zhi Pacification Deputy Vice Commissioner 3087 吏目 li mu Clerk 招討司 Pacification Commission 3088 招討使 zhao tao shi Pacification Commissioner alt. 招討 zhao tao 3090 吏目 li mu Clerk 3089 副招討 fu zhao tao Pacification Vice Commissioner 長官司 Chiefs Office 3091 長官 zhang guan Chief 3093 吏目 li mu Clerk 3092 副長官 fu zhang guan Vice Chief 蠻夷長官司 Aboriginal Chiefs Office 3094 長官 zhang guan Chief 3095 副長官 fu zhang guan Vice Chief 255 3096 蠻夷官 man yi guan Tribal Chief 3098 千夫長 qian fu zhang Battalion Commander 3097 苗民官 miao min guan Chief of a Miao Tribe 3099 副千夫長 fu qian fu zhang Battalion Vice Commander 256 王府護衞門 Escort Guard of Princely Establishment 王府護衞指揮使司 Escort Guard of a Princely Establishment 3100 指揮使 zhi hui shi Escort Guard Commander 3105 知事(經歷司) jing li si zhi shi Registry Administrative Clerk 3101 指揮同知 zhi hui tong zhi Escort Guard Vice Commander 3106 吏目(經歷司) jing li si li mu Registry Clerk 3102 指揮僉事 zhi hui qian shi Escort Guard Assistant Commander 3107 倉大使 cang da shi Granary Commissioner 3103 鎮撫(鎮撫司) zhen fu si zhen fu Judge in the Prison 3108 倉副使 cang fu shi Granary Vice Commissioner 3104 經歷(經歷司) jing li si jing li Registrar of the Registry 王府儀衞司 Ceremonial Guard of a Princely Establishment Established in Hongwu 3rd year (1370) Office name changed to 王府儀仗司 wang fu yi zhang si from Mid-Jianwen (cir.1400) to Early Yongle (cir.1403) 3112 司仗 si zhang Swordsman Replaced by 典仗 dian zhang in Hongwu 4 (1371) per Ming Shi, juan 76 3109 儀衞正 yi wei zheng Director 3110 儀衞副 yi wei fu Vice Director 3111 典仗 dian zhang Manager of Ceremonial Regalia Replaced 司仗 si zhang in Hongwu 4 (1371) per Ming Shi, juan 76 3113 儀衞 yi wei Ceremonial Guard 3114 護衛 hu wei Escord Guard 257 王府儀杖司 Insignia Office of a Princely Establishment A temporaray office name change for 王府儀衛司 wang fu yi wei si betweem Mid-Jianwen (cir.1400) and Early Yongle (cir.1403) 3115 司正 si zheng Director 3117 典仗 dian zhang Manager of Ceremonial Regalia 3116 司副 si fu Vice Director 3118 吏目 li mu Clerk 258 文武散階勛爵類 Honorary Civil and Military Titles 259 勛爵門 Noble Titles 3119 公 gong Duke alt.國公 3128 鎮國上將軍 zhen guo shang jiang jun Defender-generalissimo of the State 3129 奉國上將軍 feng guo shang jiang jun Supporter-generalissimo of the State 3120 上公 shang gong Superior Duke 3130 金吾上將軍 jin wu shang jiang jun Imperial Insignia General 3121 侯 hou Marquis 3131 鎮國將軍 zhen guo jiang jun Defender-general of the State 3122 伯 bo Earl 3132 輔國將軍 fu guo jiang jun Bulwark-general of the State 3123 郡公 jun gong Commandery Duke 3133 奉國將軍 feng guo jiang jun Supporter-general of the State 3124 郡侯 jun hou Commandery Marquis 3134 鎮國中尉 zhen guo zhong wei Defender-commandant of the State 3125 郡伯 jun bo Commandery Earl 3135 輔國中尉 fu guo zhong wei Bulwark-commandant of the State 3126 縣子 xian zi District Viscount 3136 奉國中尉 feng guo zhong wei Supporter-commandant of the State 3127 縣男 xian nan District Baron 260 外命婦門 Noble Ladies 3137 國夫人 guo fu ren Mistress of a Duke 3142 淑人 shu ren Lady of Virtue 3138 侯夫人 hou fu ren Mistress of a Marquis 3143 恭人 gong ren Respectful Lady 3139 伯夫人 bo fu ren Mistress of an Earl 3144 宜人 yi ren Lady of Suitability 3140 一品夫人 yi pin fu ren Lady of Premier Rank 3145 安人 an ren Lady 3141 夫人 fu ren Consort In different ranks: 二品夫人 er pin fu ren; 三品夫人 san pin fu ren; 四品夫 人 si pin fu ren; 五品夫人 wu pin fu ren; 六品夫人 liu pin fu ren; 七品夫 人 qi pin fu ren 3146 孺人 ru ren Child Nurturess 261 文勛階門 Merit-based Civil Titles 3147 左柱國 zuo zhu guo Left Pillar of State 3153 資治少尹 zi zhi shao yin Vice Governor Assisting in Administration 3148 右柱國 you zhu guo Right Pillar of State 3154 贊治尹 zan zhi yin Governor Participating in Administration 3149 柱國 zhu guo Pillar of State 3155 贊治少尹 zan zhi shao yin Vice Governor Participating in Administration 3150 正治上卿 zheng zhi shang qing Supreme Chief Minister for Administration 3156 修正庶尹 xiu zheng shu yin Governor Abiding in Rectitude 3151 正治卿 zheng zhi qing Chief Minister for Administration 3157 協正庶尹 xie zheng shu yin Governor Companion in Rectitude 3152 資治尹 zi zhi yin Governor Assisting in Administration 262 文散階門 Prestige Civil Titles 3158 特進榮祿大夫 te jin rong lu da fu Specially Promoted Grand Master for Glorious Happiness 3169 通議大夫 tong yi da fu Grand Master for Thorough Counsel 3159 特進光祿大夫 te jin guang lu da fu Specially Promoted Grand Master for Splendid Happiness 3170 正議大夫 zheng yi da fu Grand Master for Proper Consultation 3171 亞中大夫 ya zhong da fu Lesser Grand Master of the Palace 3160 榮祿大夫 rong lu da fu Grand Master for Glorious Happiness 3172 中大夫 zhong da fu Grand Master of the Palace 3161 光祿大夫 guang lu da fu Grand Master for Splendid Happiness 3173 大中大夫 da zhong da fu Great Grand Master 3162 資善大夫 zi shan da fu Grand Master for Assisting toward Goodness 3174 中順大夫 zhong shun da fu Grand Master of Palace Accord 3163 資政大夫 zi zheng da fu Grand Master for Assisting toward Good Governance 3175 中憲大夫 zhong xian da fu Grand Master Exemplar 3164 資德大夫 zi de da fu Grand Master for Assisting toward Virtue 3176 中議大夫 zhong yi da fu Grand Master for Palace Counsel 3177 朝列大夫 chao lie da fu Grand Master for Court Precedence 3165 中奉大夫 zhong feng da fu Grand Master for Palace Attendance 3178 朝議大夫 chao yi da fu Grand Master for Court Discussion 3166 通奉大夫 tong feng da fu Grand Master for Thorough Service 3179 朝請大夫 chao qing da fu Grand Master for Court Audience 3167 正奉大夫 zheng feng da fu Grand Master for Proper Service 3180 奉議大夫 feng yi da fu Grand Master for Consultation 3168 嘉議大夫 jia yi da fu Grand Master for Exellent Counsel 263 3181 奉政大夫 feng zheng da fu Grand Master for Governance 3192 從仕郎 cong shi lang Gentleman for Service 3182 奉訓大夫 feng xun da fu Grand Master for Admonishment 3193 徵仕郎 zheng shi lang Gentleman for Summoning 3183 奉直大夫 feng zhi da fu Grand Master for Forthright Service 3194 迪功郎 di gong lang Gentleman for Meritorious Achievement 3184 承直郎 cheng zhi lang Gentleman for Fostering Uprightness 3195 修職郎 xiu zhi lang Gentleman for Good Service 3185 承德郎 cheng de lang Gentleman for Fostering Virtue An advanced or elevated title for those whose initial appointment had the title 承直郎 cheng zhi lang per Hucker 467 3196 迪功佐郎 di gong zuo lang Secondary Gentleman for Meritorious Achievement 3197 修職佐郎 xiu zhi zuo lang Secondary Gentleman for Good Service 3186 承務郎 cheng wu lang Gentleman for Rendering Service 3187 儒林郎 ru lin lang Gentleman-Confucian 3198 將仕郎 jiang shi lang Court Gentleman for Ceremonial Service 3188 宣德郎 xuan de lang Court Gentleman of Manifest Virtue 3189 承事郎 cheng shi lang Genleman for Managing Affairs 3199 登仕郎 deng shi lang Court Gentleman for Promoted Service 3190 文林郎 wen lin lang Gentleman-litterateur 3200 將仕佐郎 jiang shi zuo lang Assistant Gentleman for Ceremonial Service 3191 宣議郎 xuan yi lang Court Gentleman for Manifesting Rightness 3201 登仕佐郎 deng shi zuo lang Secondary Gentleman for Promoted Service 264 武勛階門 Merit-Based Military Titles 3202 左柱國 zuo zhu guo Left Pillar of State 3209 上騎都尉 shang qi du wei Senior Commandant-in-chief of Cavalry 3203 右柱國 you zhu guo Right Pillar of State 3210 騎都尉 qi du wei Commandant of Cavalry 3204 柱國 zhu guo Pillar of State 3211 驍騎尉 xiao qi wei Commandant of Courageous Guards 3205 上護軍 shang hu jun Senior Military Protector 3212 飛騎尉 fei qi wei Commandant of Flying Cavalry 3206 護軍 hu jun Military Protector 3213 雲騎尉 yun qi wei Commandant of Fleet-as-clouds Cavalry 3207 上輕車都尉 shang qing che du wei Senior Commandant of Light Chariots 3214 武騎尉 wu qi wei Commandant of Militant Cavalry 3208 輕車都尉 qing che du wei Commandant of Light Chariots 265 武散階門 Prestige Military Titles 3215 特進榮祿大夫 te jin rong lu da fu Specially Promoted Grand Master for Glorious Happiness 3227 昭武將軍 zhao wu jiang jun General of Exemplary Power 3216 特進光祿大夫 te jin guang lu da fu Specially Promoted Grand Master for Splendid Happiness 3228 懷遠將軍 huai yuan jiang jun General for Cherishing Faraway Lands 3229 定遠將軍 ding yuan jiang jun General for Pacifying Faraway Lands 3217 榮祿大夫 rong lu da fu Grand Master for Glorious Happiness 3218 光祿大夫 guang lu da fu Grand Master for Splendid Happiness 3230 安遠將軍 an yuan jiang jun General for Faraway Lands Pacification 3219 驃騎將軍 piao qi jiang jun Cavalry General 3231 明威將軍 ming wei jiang jun General of Enlightened Dominance 3220 金吾將軍 jin wu jiang jun Imperial Insignia General 3232 宣威將軍 xuan wei jiang jun General of Proclaimed Dominance 3221 龍虎將軍 long hu jiang jun General of Dragon and Tiger 3233 廣威將軍 guang wei jiang jun General of Extended Dominance 3222 鎮國將軍 zhen guo jiang jun Defender-general of the State 3234 宣武將軍 xuan wu jiang jun General of Proclaimed Power 3223 定國將軍 ding guo jiang jun Founding-general of the State 3235 顯武將軍 xian wu jiang jun General of Evidenced Power 3224 奉國將軍 feng guo jiang jun Supporter-general of the State 3236 信武將軍 xin wu jiang jun General of Integrity and Valor 3225 昭勇將軍 zhao yong jiang jun General of Exemplary Courage 3237 武德將軍 wu de jiang jun General of Military Virtue 3226 昭毅將軍 zhao yi jiang jun General of Exemplary Fortitude 3238 武節將軍 wu jie jiang jun General of Military Integrity 266 Commandant of Granted Trust 3239 武略將軍 wu lve jiang jun General of Military Strategy 3243 忠顯校尉 zhong xian xiao wei Commandant of Exemplary Loyalty 3240 武毅將軍 wu yi jiang jun General of Military Fortitude 3244 忠武校尉 zhong wu xiao wei Commandant of Loyalty and Power 3241 昭信校尉 zhao xin xiao wei Commandant of Exemplary Integrity 3242 承信校尉 cheng xin xiao wei 267 附錄 Appendixes 表 1:妃嬪 Consorts and Concubines 賢妃 xian fei Worthy Consort 淑妃 shu fei Pure Consort 莊妃 zhuang fei Sedate Consort 敬妃 jing fei Respectful Consort 惠妃 hui fei Gracious Consort 順妃 shun fei Complaisant Consort 康妃 kang fei Healthy Consort 寧妃 ning fei Restful Consort 宸妃 chen fei Chamber Consort 充妃 chong fei Consort of Fulfillment 德妃 de fei Virtuous Consort 定妃 ding fei Consort of Serenity 恭妃 gong fei Reverent Consort 昭妃 zhao fei Bright Consort 禮妃 li fei Courteous Consort 麗妃 li fei Elegant Consort 成妃 cheng fei Completed Consort 端妃 duan fei Upright Consort 德嬪 de pin Virtuous Concubine 賢嬪 xian pin Worthy Concubine 莊嬪 zhuang pin Sedate Concubine 268 麗嬪 li pin Elegant Concubine 惠嬪 hui pin Gracious Concubine 安嬪 an pin Peaceful Concubine 和嬪 he pin Harmonious Concubine 僖嬪 xi pin Happy Concubine 康嬪 kang pin Healthy Concubine 順嬪 shun pin Complaisant Concubine 裕嬪 yu pin Bountiful Concubine 敬嬪 jing pin Respectful Concubine 婉嬪 wan pin Amiable Concubine 常嬪 chang pin Common Concubine 寧嬪 ning pin Restful Concubine 靜嬪 jing pin Subdued Concubine 端嬪 duan pin Upright Concubine 昭嬪 zhao pin Bright Concubine 269 表 2:藩王 Vassal Kings 安王 an wang Prince of An 崇王 chong wang Prince of Chong 楚王 chu wang Prince of Chu 代王 dai wang Prince of Dai 德王 de wang Prince of De 定王 ding wang Prince of Ding 福王 fu wang Prince of Fu 谷王 gu wang Prince of Gu 桂王 gui wang Prince of Gui 漢王 han wang Prince of Han 衡王 heng wang Prince of Heng 淮王 huai wang Prince of Huai 惠王 hui wang Prince of Hui 徽王 hui wang Prince of Hui 吉王 ji wang Prince of Ji 晉王 jin wang Prince of Jin 景王 jing wang Prince of Jing 荊王 jing wang Prince of Jing 涇王 jing wang Prince of Jing 靖江王 jing jiang wang Prince of Jingjiang 梁王 liang wang Prince of Liang 遼王 liao wang Prince of Liao 潞王 lu wang Prince of Lu 魯王 lu wang Prince of Lu 岷王 min wang Prince of Min 寧王 ning wang Prince of Ning 270 岐王 qi wang Prince of Qi 齊王 qi wang Prince of Qi 秦王 qin wang Prince of Qin 慶王 qing wang Prince of Qing 榮王 rong wang Prince of Rong 汝王 ru wang Prince of Ru 瑞王 rui wang Prince of Rui 瀋王 shen wang Prince of Shen 壽王 shou wang Prince of Shou 蜀王 shu wang Prince of Shu 肅王 su wang Prince of Su 潭王 tan wang Prince of Tan 唐王 tang wang Prince of Tang 滕王 teng wang Price of Teng 湘王 xiang wang Prince of Xiang 襄王 xiang wang Prince of Xiang 忻王 xin wang Prince of Xin 興王 xing wang Prince of Xing 秀王 xiu wang Prince of Xiu 伊王 yi wang Prince of Yi 益王 yi wang Prince of Yi 郢王 yin wang Prince of Yin 雍王 yong wang Prince of Yong 越王 yue wang Prince of Yue 永王 yong wang Prince of Yong 趙王 zhao wang Prince of Zhao 鄭王 zheng wang Prince of Zheng 周王 zhou wang Prince of Zhou 271 表 3:爵位 Noble Titles 公 安國公 an guo gong Duke of An 保國公 bao guo gong Duke of Bao 邠國公 bin guo gong Duke of Bin 濱國公 bin guo gong Duke of Bin 蔡國公 cai guo gong Duke of Cai 曹國公 cao guo gong Duke of Cao 昌國公 chang guo gong Duke of Chang 巢國公 chao guo gong Duke of Chao 成國公 cheng guo gong Duke of Cheng 楚國公 chu guo gong Duke of Chu 定國公 ding guo gong Duke of Ding 鄂國公 e guo gong Duke of E 恩國公 en guo gong Duke of En 豐國公 feng guo gong Duke of Feng 阜國公 fu guo gong Duke of Fu 虢國公 guo guo gong Duke of Guo 海國公 hai guo gong Duke of Hai 韓國公 han guo gong Duke of Han 濟國公 ji guo gong Duke of Ji 江國公 jiang guo gong Duke of Jiang 涇國公 jing guo gong Duke of Jing 靖國公 jing guo gong Duke of Jing 涇國公 jing guo gong Duke of Jing 景國公 jing guo gong Duke of Jing 272 莒國公 ju guo gong Duke of Ju 開國公 kai guo gong Dynasty-founding Duke 淶國公 lai guo gong Duke of Lai 樂浪公 le lang gong Duke of Lelang 蠡國公 li guo gong Duke of Li 梁國公 liang guo gong Duke of Liang 涼國公 liang guo gong Duke of Liang 隣國公 lin guo gong Duke of Lin 潞國公 lu guo gong Duke of Lu 茂國公 mao guo gong Duke of Mao 沔國公 mian guo gong Duke Mian 寧國公 ning guo gong Duke of Ning 蘄國公 qi guo gong Duke of Qi 淇國公 qi guo gong Duke of Qi 杞國公 qi guo gong Duke of Qi 黔國公 qian guo gong Duke of Qian 渠國公 qu guo gong Duke of Qu 榮國公 rong guo gong Duke of Rong 融國公 rong guo gong Duke of Rong 容國公 rong guo gong Duke of Rong 汝國公 ru guo gong Duke of Ru 芮國公 rui guo gong Duke of Rui 陝國公 shan guo gong Duke of Shan 申國公 shen guo gong Duke of Shen 泗國公 si guo gong Duke of Si 宋國公 song guo gong Duke of Song 郯國公 tan guo gong Duke of Tan 273 滕國公 teng guo gong Duke of Teng 皖國公 wan guo gong Duke of Wan 魏國公 wei guo gong Duke of Wei 衛國公 wei guo gong Duke of Wei 吴国公 wu guo gong Duke of Wu 夏國公 xia guo gong Duke of Xia 信國公 xin guo gong Duke of Xin 興國公 xing guo gong Duke of Xing 許國公 xu guo gong Duke of Xu 宣國公 xuan guo gong Duke of Xuan 濬國公 xun guo gong Duke of Xun 嶧國公 yi guo gong Duke of Yi 沂國公 yi guo gong Duke of Yi 翊國公 yi guo gong Duke of Yi 鄞國公 yin guo gong Duke of Yin 潁國公 ying guo gong Duke of Ying 英國公 ying guo gong Duke of Ying 瀛國公 ying guo gong Duke of Ying 郢國公 ying guo gong Duke of Ying 營國公 ying guo gong Duke of Ying 永國公 yong guo gong Duke of Yong 裕國公 yu guo gong Duke of Yu 豫國公 yu guo gong Duke of Yu 越國公 yue guo gong Duke of Yue 鄖國公 yun guo gong Duke of Yun 鄆國公 yun guo gong Duke of Yun 漳國公 zhang guo gong Duke of Zhang 274 镇国公 zhen guo gong Duke of Zhen 鄭國公 zheng guo gong Duke of Zheng 忠國公 zhong guo gong Duke of Zhong 侯 安陸侯 an lu hou Marquis of Anlu 安平侯 an ping hou Marquis of Anping 安慶侯 an qing hou Marquis of Anqing 安順侯 an shun hou Marquis of Anshun 安陽侯 an yang hou Marquis of Anyang 安遠侯 an yuan hou Marquis of Anyuan 保定侯 bao ding hou Marquis of Baoding 博平侯 bo ping hou Marquis of Boping 參寧侯 can ning hou Marquis of Canning 昌樂侯 chang le hou Marquis of Changle 昌寧侯 chang ning hou Marquis of Changning 昌平侯 chang ping hou Marquis of Changping 長興侯 chang xing hou Marquis of Changxing 成安侯 cheng an hou Marquis of Cheng’an 成山侯 cheng shan hou Marquis of Chengshan 成陽侯 cheng yang hou Marquis of Chengyang 崇安侯 chong an hou Marquis of Chong'an 崇山侯 chong shan hou Marquis of Chongshan 德慶侯 de qing hou Marquis of Deqing 定西侯 ding xi hou Marquis of Dingxi 定襄侯 ding xiang hou Marquis of Dingxiang 定遠侯 ding yuan hou Marquis of Dingyuan dong an hou 275 Marquis of Dong’an 東安侯 東川侯 dong chuan hou Marquis of Dongchuan 東莞侯 dong guan hou Marquis of Dongguan 東海侯 dong hai hou Marquis of Donghai 東寧侯 dong ning hou Marquis of Dongning 東平侯 dong ping hou Marquis of Dongping 東勝侯 dong sheng hou Marquis of Dongsheng 恩親侯 en qin hou Marquis of Enqin 豐城侯 feng cheng hou Marquis of Fengcheng 奉化侯 feng hua hou Marquis of Fenghua 鳳翔侯 feng xiang hou Marquis of Fengxiang 富春侯 fu chun hou Marquis of Fuchun 撫寧侯 fu ning hou Marquis of Funing 伏羌侯 fu qiang hou Marquis of Fuqiang 富陽侯 fu yang hou Marquis of Fuyang 鞏昌侯 gong chang hou Marquis of Gongchang 恭順侯 gong shun hou Marquis of Gongshun 廣德侯 guang de hou Marquis of Guangde 廣寧侯 guang ning hou Marquis of Guangning 廣平侯 guang ping hou Marquis of Guangping 海西侯 hai xi hou Marquis of Haixi 航海侯 hang hai hou Marquis of Hanghai 河南侯 he nan hou Marquis of Henan 合浦侯 he pu hou Marquis of Hepu 鶴慶侯 he qing hou Marquis of Heqing 淮安侯 huai an hou Marquis of Huai'an 懷寧侯 huai ning hou Marquis of Huaining 懷柔侯 huai rou hou Marquis of Huairou 276 懷遠侯 huai yuan hou Marquis of Huaiyuan 會昌侯 hui chang hou Marquis of Huichang 會寧侯 hui ning hou Marquis of Huining 惠義侯 hui yi hou Marquis of Huiyi 霍山侯 huo shan hou Marquis of Huoshan 吉安侯 ji an hou Marquis of Ji’an 濟寧侯 ji ning hou Marquis of Jining 建昌侯 jian chang hou Marquis of Jianchang 江夏侯 jiang xia hou Marquis of Jiangxia 江陰侯 jiang yin hou Marquis of Jiangyin 金山侯 jin shan hou Marquis of Jinshan 金鄉侯 jin xiang hou Marquis of Jinxiang 靖安侯 jing an hou Marquis of Jing’an 景川侯 jing chuan hou Marquis of Jingchuan 靖海侯 jing hai hou Marquis of Jinghai 靖寧侯 jing ning hou Marquis of Jingning 京山侯 jing shan hou Marquis of Jingshan 靖遠侯 jing yuan hou Marquis of Jingyuan 鉅鹿侯 ju lu hou Marquis of Julu 歷城侯 li cheng hou Marquis of Licheng 臨川侯 lin chuan hou Marquis of Linchuan 臨江侯 lin jiang hou Marquis of Linjiang 臨沂侯 lin yi hou Marquis of Linyi 六安侯 liu an hou Marquis of Liuan 隆平侯 long ping hou Marquis of Longping 廬江侯 lu jiang hou Marquis of Lujiang 南安侯 nan an hou Marquis of Nan’an 277 南和侯 nan he hou Marquis of Nanhe 寧南侯 nan ning hou Marquis of Nanning 南雄侯 nan xiong hou Marquis of Nanxiong 寧晉侯 ning jin hou Marquis of Ningjin 寧陽侯 ning yang hou Marquis of Ningyang 寧遠侯 ning yuan hou Marquis of Ningyuan 平江侯 ping jiang hou Marquis of Pingjiang 平涼侯 ping liang hou Marquis of Pingliang 平鄉侯 ping xiang hou Marquis of Pingxiang 普定侯 pu ding hou Marquis of Puding 蘄春侯 qi chun hou Marquis of Qichun 清平侯 qing ping hou Marquis of Qingping 清遠侯 qing yuan hou Marquis of Qingyuan 慶雲侯 qing yun hou Marquis of Qingyuan 全寧侯 quan ning hou Marquis of Quanning 汝南侯 ru nan hou Marquis of Runan 汝陰侯 ru yin hou Marquis of Ruyin 瑞安侯 rui an hou Marquis of Rui’an 瀋陽侯 shen yang hou Marquis of Shenyang 壽寧侯 shou ning hou Marquis of Shouning 思恩侯 si en hou Marquis of Si'en 太康侯 tai kang hou Marquis of Taikang 泰寧侯 tai ning hou Marquis of Taining 太平侯 tai ping hou Marquis of Taiping 同安侯 tong an hou Marquis of Tong'an 文安侯 wen an hou Marquis of Wen'an 武安侯 wu an hou Marquis of Wu'an 278 武城侯 wu cheng hou Marquis of Wucheng 武成侯 wu cheng hou Marquis of Wucheng 武定侯 wu ding hou Marquis of Wuding 武進侯 wu jin hou Marquis of Wujin 武靖侯 wu jing hou Marquis of Wujing 武平侯 wu ping hou Marquis of Wuping 武清侯 wu qing hou Marquis of Wuqing 武陽侯 wu yang hou Marquis of Wuyang 西涼侯 xi liang hou Marquis of Xiliang 西寧侯 xi ning hou Marquis of Xining 西平侯 xi ping hou Marquis of Xiping 咸寧侯 xian ning hou Marquis of Xianning 新城侯 xin cheng hou Marquis of Xincheng 新建侯 xin jian hou Marquis of Xinjian 新樂侯 xin le hou Marquis of Xinle 興濟侯 xing ji hou Marquis of Xingji 荥陽侯 xing yang hou Marquis of Xingyang 雄武侯 xiong wu hou Marquis of Xiongwu 宣德侯 xuan de hou Marquis of Xuande 宣寧侯 xuan ning hou Marquis of Xuanning 宣甯侯 xuan ning hou Marquis of Xuanning 延安侯 yan an hou Marquis of Yan'an 燕山侯 yan shan hou Marquis of Yanshan 陽武侯 yang wu hou Marquis of Yangwu 翼城侯 yi cheng hou Marquis of Yicheng 宜春侯 yi chun hou Marquis of Yichun 潁川侯 ying chuan hou Marquis of Yingchuan 279 英山侯 ying shan hou Marquis of Yingshan 營陽侯 ying yang hou Marquis of Yingyang 滎陽侯 ying yang hou Marquis of Xingyang 永昌侯 yong chang hou Marquis of Yongchang 永城侯 yong cheng hou Marquis of Yongcheng 永春侯 yong chun hou Marquis of Yongchun 永定侯 yong ding hou Marquis of Yongding 永嘉侯 yong jia hou Marquis of Yongjia 永康侯 yong kang hou Marquis of Yongkang 永平侯 yong ping hou Marquis of Yongping 永義侯 yong yi hou Marquis of Yongyi 豫章侯 yu zhang hou Marquis of Yuzhang 越巂侯 yue xi hou Marquis of Yuexi 彰武侯 zhang wu hou Marquis of Zhangwu 鎮遠侯 zhen yuan hou Marquis of Zhenyuan 忠節侯 zhong jie hou Marquis of Zhongjie 中山侯 zhong shan hou Marquis of Zhongshan 舳艫侯 zhu lu hou Marquis of Zhulu 伯 安邊伯 an bian bo Earl of Anbian 安昌伯 an chang bo Earl of Anchang 安定伯 an ding bo Earl of Anding 安平伯 an ping bo Earl of Anping 安仁伯 an ren bo Earl of Anren 安順伯 an shun bo Earl of Anshun 安鄉伯 an xiang bo Earl of Anxiang 安陽伯 an yang bo Earl of Anyang 280 安遠伯 an yuan bo Earl of Anyuan 保昌伯 bao chang bo Earl of Baochang 保定伯 bao ding bo Earl of Baoding 博平伯 bo ping bo Earl of Boping 昌化伯 chang hua bo Earl of Changhua 長寧伯 chang ning bo Earl of Changning 昌寧伯 chang ning bo Earl of Changning 昌平伯 chang ping bo Earl of Changping 成武伯 cheng wu bo Earl of Chengwu 誠意伯 cheng yi bo Earl of Chengyi 茌平伯 chi ping bo Earl of Chiping 崇善伯 chong shan bo Earl of Chongshan 崇信伯 chong xin bo Earl of Chongxin 德平伯 de ping bo Earl of Deping 定西伯 ding xi bo Earl of Dingxi 定襄伯 ding xiang bo Earl of Dingxiang 定遠伯 ding yuan bo Earl of Dingyuan 東莞伯 dong guan bo Earl of Dongguan 東寧伯 dong ning bo Earl of Dongning 奉化伯 feng hua bo Earl of Fenghua 豐潤伯 feng run bo Earl of Fengrun 富昌伯 fu chang bo Earl of Fuchang 撫寧伯 fu ning bo Earl of Funing 伏羌伯 fu qiang bo Earl of Fuqiang 高平伯 gao ping bo Earl of Gaoping 高陽伯 gao yang bo Earl of Gaoyang 恭誠伯 gong cheng bo Earl of Gongcheng 281 恭順伯 gong shun bo Earl of Gongshun 固安伯 gu an bo Earl of Gu'an 固原伯 gu yuan bo Earl of Guyuan 廣昌伯 guang chang bo Earl of Guangchang 廣恩伯 guang en bo Earl of Guang'an 廣寧伯 guang ning bo Earl of Guangning 廣義伯 guang yi bo Earl of Guangyi 海寧伯 hai ning bo Earl of Haining 懷寧伯 huai ning bo Earl of Huaining 懷柔伯 huai rou bo Earl of Huairou 懷遠伯 huai yuan bo Earl of Huaiyuan 惠安伯 hui an bo Earl of Hui‘an 會安伯 hui an bo Earl of Hui‘an 會昌伯 hui chang bo Earl of Huichang 會川伯 hui chuan bo Earl of Huichuan 會寧伯 hui ning bo Earl of Huining 徽先伯 hui xian bo Earl of Huixian 嘉定伯 jia ding bo Earl of Jiading 建昌伯 jian chang bo Earl of Jianchang 建平伯 jian ping bo Earl of Jianping 靖安伯 jing an bo Earl of Jing’an 景城伯 jing cheng bo Earl of Jingcheng 靖南伯 jing nan bo Earl of Jingnan 涇陽伯 jing yang bo Earl of Jingyang 靖遠伯 jing yuan bo Earl of Jingyuan 萊陽伯 lai yang bo Earl of Laiyang 溧陽伯 li yang bo Earl pf Liyang 282 臨武伯 lin wu bo Earl of Linwu 臨漳伯 lin zhang bo Earl of Linzhang 洛南伯 luo nan bo Earl of Luonan 蒙陰伯 meng yin bo Earl of Mengyin 泌陽伯 mi yang bo Earl of Miyang 綿谷伯 mian gu bo Earl of Miangu 南和伯 nan he bo Earl of Nanhe 南寧伯 nan ning bo Earl of Nanning 寧晉伯 ning jin bo Earl of Ningjin 寧南伯 ning nan bo Earl of Ningnan 寧陽伯 ning yang bo Earl of Ningyang 寧遠伯 ning yuan bo Earl of Ningyuan 彭城伯 peng cheng bo Earl of Pengcheng 平江伯 ping jiang bo Earl of Pingjiang 平涼伯 ping liang bo Earl of Pingliang 平虜伯 ping lu bo Earl of Pinglu 平鄉伯 ping xiang bo Earl of Pingxiang 平陰伯 ping yin bo Earl of Pingyin 慶都伯 qing du bo Earl of Qingdu 清平伯 qing ping bo Earl of Qingping 慶陽伯 qing yang bo Earl of Qingyang 清遠伯 qing yuan bo Earl of Qingyuan 清源伯 qing yuan bo Earl of Qingyuan 慶元伯 qing yuan bo Earl of Qingyuan 慶雲伯 qing yun bo Earl of Qingyun 任丘伯 ren qiu bo Earl of Renqiu 榮昌伯 rong chang bo Earl of Rongchang 283 瑞安伯 rui an bo Earl of Rui’an 山陽伯 shan yang bo Earl of Shanyang 邵陽伯 shao yang bo Earl of Shaoyang 壽寧伯 shou ning bo Earl of Shouning 沭陽伯 shu yang bo Earl of Shuyang 順昌伯 shun chang bo Earl of Shunchang 順義伯 shun yi bo Earl of Shunyi 肅寧伯 su ning bo Earl of Suning 遂安伯 sui an bo Earl of Sui’an 泰安伯 tai an bo Earl of Tai'an 泰和伯 tai he bo Earl of Taihe 太康伯 tai kang bo Earl of Taikang 湯陰伯 tang yin bo Earl of Tangyin 威寧伯 wei ning bo Earl of Weining 威遠伯 wei yuan bo Earl of Weiyuan 文安伯 wen an bo Earl of Wen'an 武功伯 wu gong bo Earl of Wu'an 武進伯 wu jin bo Earl of Wujin 武靖伯 wu jing bo Earl of Wujing 武康伯 wu kang bo Earl of Wukang 武平伯 wu ping bo Earl of Wuping 武強伯 wu qiang bo Earl of Wuqiang 武清伯 wu qing bo Earl of Wuqing 武義伯 wu yi bo Earl of Wuyi 西和伯 xi he bo Earl of Xihe 咸寧伯 xian ning bo Earl of Xianning 襄城伯 xiang cheng bo Earl of Xiangcheng 284 信安伯 xin an bo Earl of Xin'an 新昌伯 xin chang bo Earl of Xinchang 忻城伯 xin cheng bo Earl of Xincheng 新城伯 xin cheng bo Earl of Xincheng 新建伯 xin jian bo Earl of Xinjian 新樂伯 xin le bo Earl of Xinle 新寧伯 xin ning bo Earl of Xinning 新泰伯 xin tai bo Earl of Xintai 興安伯 xing an bo Earl of Xing’an 興濟伯 xing ji bo Earl of Xingji 興寧伯 xing ning bo Earl of Xingning 邢臺伯 xing tai bo Early of Xingtai 修武伯 xiu wu bo Earl of Xiuwu 宣城伯 xuan cheng bo Earl of Xuancheng 宣良伯 xuan liang bo Earl of Xuanliang 應城伯 ying cheng bo Earl of Yingcheng 營山伯 ying shan bo Earl of Yingshan 永定伯 yong ding bo Earl of Yongding 永年伯 yong nian bo Earl of Yongnian 永寧伯 yong ning bo Earl of Yongning 永清伯 yong qing bo Earl of Yongqing 永壽伯 yong shou bo Earl of Yongshou 永順伯 yong shun bo Earl of Yongshun 永新伯 yong xin bo Earl of Yongxin 榆次伯 yu ci bo Earl of Yuci 玉田伯 yu tian bo Earl of Yutian 雲陽伯 yun yang bo Earl of Yunyang 285 彰武伯 zhang wu bo Earl of Zhangwu 昭武伯 zhao wu bo Earl of Zhaowu 招遠伯 zhao yuan bo Earl of Zhaoyuan 鎮安伯 zhen an bo Earl of Zhen’an 鎮平伯 zhen ping bo Earl of Zhenping 忠誠伯 zhong cheng bo Earl of Zhongcheng 忠勤伯 zhong qin bo Earl of Zhongqin 忠勇伯 zhong yong bo Earl of Zhongyong 286 表 4:科舉考試類 Official and Candicate Titles for the Imperial Examination 考官 Examination Official Titles 內簾官 nei lian guan Inner Examiners 外簾官 wai lian guan Outer Examiners 文舉考試官 wen ju kao shi guan Examining Officer for Civil Selection 武舉考試官 wu ju kao shi guan Examining Officer for Military Selection 讀卷官 du juan guan Palace Examination Grader 掌卷官 zhang juan guan Examination-holding Officer for the Palace Examination 提調官 ti diao guan Examination Supervisor 監試官 jian shi guan Examination Overseer 印卷官 yin juan guan Officer in Charge of Examination Paper Printing 受卷官 shou juan guan Examination Paper Collector 彌封官 mi feng guan Examination Sealer 巡綽官 xun chuo guan Examination Seating Manager 供給官 gong ji guan Officer in Charge of Boarding of Examinees 知貢舉 zhi gong ju guan Metropolitan Examination Administrator 考試官/主考官 kao shi guan/zhu kao guan tong kao guan/tong kao shi guan Chief Examining Officer in a Metropolitan/Provincial Examination Associate Examining Officer in a Metropolitan/Provincial Examination 同考官/同考試官 287 收掌試卷官 shou zhang shi juan guan 謄錄官 teng lu guan 對讀官 dui du guan 搜檢官 sou jian guan 監臨官 jian lin guan Officer in Charge of Metropolitan/ Provincial Examination Papers Examination Copyist in a Metropolitan/Provincial Examination Proofreader in a Metropolitan/Provincial Examination Examination Monitor at a Metropolitan/Provincial Level Provincial Examination Administor 考生 Examinees & Passers 狀元 zhuang yuan Principal Graduate in a Palace Examination 榜眼 bang yan Second Graduate in a Palace Examination 探花 tan hua Third Graduate in a Palace Examination 傳臚 chuan lu List Leader in a Palace Examination 進士 jin shi Metropolitan Graduate 進士及第 jin shi ji di Metropolitan Graduate with Honors 進士出身 jin shi chu shen Regular Metropolitan Graduate 同進士出身 tong jin shi chu shen Associate Metropolitan Graduate 會元 hui yuan Principal Graduate 貢士 gong shi Scholar Passed Metropolitan Examination 解元 jie yuan Prefectural (Provincial) Graduate 亞元 ya yuan Second Graduate in a Prefectural or Provincial Examination 舉人/舉子 ju ren /ju zi Provincial Graduate 生員/諸生 sheng yuan/zhu sheng Government Student 廩生/廩膳生員 lin sheng/lin shan sheng yuan zeng sheng/zeng guang sheng yuan 增生/增廣生員 288 Stipend Student Added Student 附生/附學生員 fu sheng /fu xue sheng yuan Supplementary Student 秀才 xiu cai Cultivated Talent 監生/國子生 jian sheng/guo zi sheng National University Student 舉監 ju jian National University Student Candidate 貢監/貢生 gong jian/gong sheng Tribute Student 歲貢/歲貢生 sui gong/sui gong sheng Tribute Student through Annual Promotion 選貢/選貢生 xuan gong/xuan gong sheng Student Selected by Education Intendant 恩貢/恩貢生 en gong/en gong sheng Tribute Student by Grace 納貢 na gong Student by Contribution 廩貢/廩貢生 lin gong/lin gong sheng Tribute Student by Purchase, First Class 增貢/增貢生 zeng gong/zeng gong sheng Tribute Student by Purchase, Second Class 附貢生 fu gong sheng Tribute Student by Purchase, Third Class 例貢生 li gong sheng 蔭監生 yin jian sheng 官生 guan sheng 恩生 en sheng 例監生 li jian sheng 歷事監生/歷事 li shi jian sheng/li shi Novice 庠生 xiang sheng Government Student in a Confucian School at the Prefecture or Lower Level 鄉貢士 xiang gong shi Provincial Graduate 童生/儒童 tong sheng/ru tong Confucian Apprentice Tribute Student by Purchase in the Directorate of Education National University Student by Inheritance Official Student in the Directorate of Education Student by Grace in the Directorate of Education Student by Purchase in the Directorate of Education 289 主要參考書目 Core Reference Sources Charles O. Hucker. A Dictionary of Official Titles in imperial China. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1985 China Biographical Database (CBDB) = 中國歷代人物傳記資料庫 http://db1.ihp.sinica.edu.tw/cbdbc/ttsweb?@0:0:1:cbdbkm@@0.8607418220618995 (清)張廷玉等撰. 明史. 臺北市: 鼎文書局, 1980. Retrieved from Scripta Sinica 漢籍電子文獻 資料庫 http://hanchi.ihp.sinica.edu.tw/ihp/hanji.htm (清武英殿本) 李東陽等奉敕撰, 申時行等奉敕重修. 大明會典. 台北 : 國風出版社, 1963. Retrieved from Scripta Sinica 漢籍電子文獻資料庫 http://hanchi.ihp.sinica.edu.tw/ihp/hanji.htm 明實錄 (中央研究院歷史語言研究所校勘本). 臺北市 : 中央研究院歷史語言研究所, 1966. Retrieved from Scripta Sinica 漢籍電子文獻資料 http://hanchi.ihp.sinica.edu.tw/ihp/hanji.htm 大明一統文武諸司衙門官制 (十六卷). 臺北市: 臺灣學生書局, 1970 張德信. 明代職官年表. 黄山書社, 2009 朱元璋撰.皇明祖訓一卷(北京圖書館藏明洪武禮部刻本) 黃彰健.論「祖訓錄」所記明初宦官制度.In:《明清史研究叢稿》,台灣商務印書館, 1977. 290