Difference between revisions of "Ganjin"
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[[Ganjin]] | [[Ganjin]] | ||
| − | [[鑑真]] (688–763) (Jpn; Chin [[Chien-chen]]) | + | [[鑑真]] (688–763) (Jpn; [[Chin]] [[Chien-chen]]) |
| − | The founder of the [[Precepts]] (Chin [[Ly]]; Jpn [[Ritsu]]) [[Ritsu school]] in [[Japan]]. Originally from [[China]], [[Ganjin]] is the [[name]] by which he became known in [[Japan]] and is the [[Japanese]] reading of his {{Wiki|Chinese}} [[name]], [[Chien-chen]]. At age fourteen, he entered the priesthood at [[Ta-yyn-ssu]] [[temple]] in [[Yang-chou]] and studied the [[T'ient'ai]] and [[Precepts]] teachings in [[Lo-yang]] and {{Wiki|Ch'ang-an}}. After returning to Yang-chou, he lived at [[Ta-ming-ssu]] [[temple]]. While lectur-ing there in 742, two [[Japanese]] {{Wiki|priests}}, [[Yoei]] and [[Fusho]], implored him to come to [[Japan]] and instruct {{Wiki|priests}} and [[nuns]] there in the [[precepts]]. [[Yoei]] and [[Fushohad]] been dispatched to [[China]] by the [[Japanese]] [[emperor Shomu]] to invite {{Wiki|Chinese}} {{Wiki|priests}} well versed in [[Buddhist teachings]] and [[precepts]] to teach in [[Japan]] and to establish there an [[Wikipedia:Authenticity|authentic]] [[Buddhist]] [[ordination platform]], which [[Japan]] lacked. In defiance of a {{Wiki|Chinese}} {{Wiki|imperial}} prohibition, [[Ganjin]] attempted to leave the country, but was unsuccessful in five separate attempts due to storms, pirates, and other {{Wiki|obstacles}}. | + | The founder of the [[Precepts]] ([[Chin]] [[Ly]]; Jpn [[Ritsu]]) [[Ritsu school]] in [[Japan]]. Originally from [[China]], [[Ganjin]] is the [[name]] by which he became known in [[Japan]] and is the [[Japanese]] reading of his {{Wiki|Chinese}} [[name]], [[Chien-chen]]. At age fourteen, he entered the priesthood at [[Ta-yyn-ssu]] [[temple]] in [[Yang-chou]] and studied the [[T'ient'ai]] and [[Precepts]] teachings in [[Lo-yang]] and {{Wiki|Ch'ang-an}}. After returning to [[Yang-chou]], he lived at [[Ta-ming-ssu]] [[temple]]. While lectur-ing there in 742, two [[Japanese]] {{Wiki|priests}}, [[Yoei]] and [[Fusho]], implored him to come to [[Japan]] and instruct {{Wiki|priests}} and [[nuns]] there in the [[precepts]]. [[Yoei]] and [[Fushohad]] been dispatched to [[China]] by the [[Japanese]] [[emperor Shomu]] to invite {{Wiki|Chinese}} {{Wiki|priests}} well versed in [[Buddhist teachings]] and [[precepts]] to teach in [[Japan]] and to establish there an [[Wikipedia:Authenticity|authentic]] [[Buddhist]] [[ordination platform]], which [[Japan]] lacked. In defiance of a {{Wiki|Chinese}} {{Wiki|imperial}} prohibition, [[Ganjin]] attempted to leave the country, but was unsuccessful in five separate attempts due to storms, pirates, and other {{Wiki|obstacles}}. |
| − | After eleven years of hardship, however, he finally arrived in [[Japan]] in 753, though he had lost his eyesight. In addition to the [[scriptures]] of the [[Precepts school]], he brought with him those of the [[T'ient'ai school]], which [[Dengyo]](767-822), the founder of the [[Japanese]] [[Tendai school]], later studied. The following year [[Ganjin]] had an [[ordination platform]] erected at [[Todai-ji temple]] and conducted {{Wiki|ceremonies}} conferring the [[precepts]] on the Retired [[Wikipedia:Emperor Shōmu|Emperor Shomu]] and some | + | After eleven years of hardship, however, he finally arrived in [[Japan]] in 753, though he had lost his [[eyesight]]. In addition to the [[scriptures]] of the [[Precepts school]], he brought with him those of the [[T'ient'ai school]], which [[Dengyo]](767-822), the founder of the [[Japanese]] [[Tendai school]], later studied. The following year [[Ganjin]] had an [[ordination platform]] erected at [[Todai-ji temple]] and conducted {{Wiki|ceremonies}} conferring the [[precepts]] on the Retired [[Wikipedia:Emperor Shōmu|Emperor Shomu]] and some four hundred others. In the fifth month of the same year, he established the [[Precepts school]]. In the fifth month of 756, he was appointed general supervisor of {{Wiki|priests}}, and in the eighth month, general [[administrator of priests]]. |
| − | In 759 he founded [[Toshodai-ji]] [[temple]] under the {{Wiki|patronage}} of {{Wiki|Empress}} [[Koken]]. He [[died]] in 763 and was posthumously called the [[Great Teacher]] [[Kakai]], or the [[Great Teacher Who Crossed the Sea]]. His {{Wiki|biography}}, The [[Life]] of the [[Great Priest]] of T'ang [[China]] Who Journeyed to the [[East]], was written in 779 by [[Omi no Mifune]], a [[scholar]] and court official. | + | In 759 he founded [[Toshodai-ji]] [[temple]] under the {{Wiki|patronage}} of {{Wiki|Empress}} [[Koken]]. He [[died]] in 763 and was posthumously called the [[Great Teacher]] [[Kakai]], or the [[Great Teacher Who Crossed the Sea]]. His {{Wiki|biography}}, The [[Life]] of the [[Great Priest]] of [[T'ang]] [[China]] Who Journeyed to the [[East]], was written in 779 by [[Omi no Mifune]], a [[scholar]] and court official. |
</poem> | </poem> | ||
{{R}} | {{R}} | ||
Latest revision as of 10:05, 15 March 2024
Ganjin
鑑真 (688–763) (Jpn; Chin Chien-chen)
The founder of the Precepts (Chin Ly; Jpn Ritsu) Ritsu school in Japan. Originally from China, Ganjin is the name by which he became known in Japan and is the Japanese reading of his Chinese name, Chien-chen. At age fourteen, he entered the priesthood at Ta-yyn-ssu temple in Yang-chou and studied the T'ient'ai and Precepts teachings in Lo-yang and Ch'ang-an. After returning to Yang-chou, he lived at Ta-ming-ssu temple. While lectur-ing there in 742, two Japanese priests, Yoei and Fusho, implored him to come to Japan and instruct priests and nuns there in the precepts. Yoei and Fushohad been dispatched to China by the Japanese emperor Shomu to invite Chinese priests well versed in Buddhist teachings and precepts to teach in Japan and to establish there an authentic Buddhist ordination platform, which Japan lacked. In defiance of a Chinese imperial prohibition, Ganjin attempted to leave the country, but was unsuccessful in five separate attempts due to storms, pirates, and other obstacles.
After eleven years of hardship, however, he finally arrived in Japan in 753, though he had lost his eyesight. In addition to the scriptures of the Precepts school, he brought with him those of the T'ient'ai school, which Dengyo(767-822), the founder of the Japanese Tendai school, later studied. The following year Ganjin had an ordination platform erected at Todai-ji temple and conducted ceremonies conferring the precepts on the Retired Emperor Shomu and some four hundred others. In the fifth month of the same year, he established the Precepts school. In the fifth month of 756, he was appointed general supervisor of priests, and in the eighth month, general administrator of priests.
In 759 he founded Toshodai-ji temple under the patronage of Empress Koken. He died in 763 and was posthumously called the Great Teacher Kakai, or the Great Teacher Who Crossed the Sea. His biography, The Life of the Great Priest of T'ang China Who Journeyed to the East, was written in 779 by Omi no Mifune, a scholar and court official.
