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Difference between revisions of "Fifty-one mental states"

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'''[[Fifty-one mental states]]''' or factors (Skt. ''ekapañcāśaccaitasika''; Tib. {{BigTibetan|སེམས་བྱུང་ལྔ་བཅུ་རྩ་གཅིག་}}, ''[[semjung]] ngabchu tsachik''; [[Wyl.]] ''[[sems byung]] [[lnga]] bcu rtsa gcig'') as mentioned in the [[Abhidharma]] teachings.
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{{Seealso|51 Mental factors}}
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'''[[Fifty-one mental states]]''' or factors (Skt. ''[[ekapañcāśaccaitasika]]''; Tib. {{BigTibetan|[[སེམས་བྱུང་ལྔ་བཅུ་རྩ་གཅིག]]་}}, ''[[semjung ngabchu tsachik]]''; [[Wyl.]] ''[[sems byung lnga bcu rtsa gcig]]'') as mentioned in the [[Abhidharma]] teachings.
  
 
===[[Five ever-present mental states|Five ever-present factors]] (Tib. {{BigTibetan|[[ཀུན་འགྲོ་ལྔ་]]}}, ''[[kun ‘gro lnga]]'')===
 
===[[Five ever-present mental states|Five ever-present factors]] (Tib. {{BigTibetan|[[ཀུན་འགྲོ་ལྔ་]]}}, ''[[kun ‘gro lnga]]'')===
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==Further Reading==
 
==Further Reading==
*[[Herbert V. Guenther]] & Leslie S. Kawamura, ''[[Mind]] in [[Buddhist Psychology]]: A Translation of [[Ye-shes]] rgyal-mtshan's "The Necklace of Clear [[Understanding]]"'', ([[Dharma]] Publishing, 1975)
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{{Nolinking|*[[Herbert V. Guenther]] & Leslie S. Kawamura, ''Mind in Buddhist Psychology: A Translation of Ye-shes rgyal-mtshan's "The Necklace of Clear Understanding"'', (Dharma Publishing, 1975)}}
  
 
==External Links==
 
==External Links==
 
*[http://www.berzinarchives.com/web/x/nav/group.html_863438090.html Introduction to the Mind and Mental Factors by Alexander Berzin]
 
*[http://www.berzinarchives.com/web/x/nav/group.html_863438090.html Introduction to the Mind and Mental Factors by Alexander Berzin]
  
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{{RigpaWiki}}
 
[[Category:Abhidharma]]
 
[[Category:Abhidharma]]
[[Category:Enumerations]]
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[[Category:50s-Fifties]]
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{{BuddhismbyNumber}}

Latest revision as of 12:22, 21 April 2014

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Fifty-one mental states or factors (Skt. ekapañcāśaccaitasika; Tib. སེམས་བྱུང་ལྔ་བཅུ་རྩ་གཅིག, semjung ngabchu tsachik; Wyl. sems byung lnga bcu rtsa gcig) as mentioned in the Abhidharma teachings.

Five ever-present factors (Tib. ཀུན་འགྲོ་ལྔ་, kun ‘gro lnga)

  1. Sensation (Skt. vedanā; Tib. ཚོར་བ་, Wyl. tshor ba)
  2. Perception (Skt. saṃjña; Tib. འདུ་ཤེས་, Wyl. ‘du shes)
  3. Intention (Skt. cetanā; Tib. སེམས་པ་, Wyl. sems pa)
  4. Contact (Skt. sparśa; Tib. རེག་པ་ or རེག་བྱ་, Wyl. reg pa, reg bya)
  5. Attention (Skt. manaskāra; Tib. ཡིད་བྱེད་, Wyl. yid byed)

Five object-determining factors (Tib. ཡུལ་ངེས་ལྔ་, yul nges lnga)

  1. Interest (Skt. chanda; Tib. འདུན་པ་, Wyl. ‘dun pa)
  2. Appreciation (Skt. adhimokṣa; Tib. མོས་པ་, Wyl. mos pa)
  3. Mindfulness (Skt. smṛti; Tib. དྲན་པ་, Wyl. dran pa)
  4. Concentration (Skt. samādhi; Tib. ཏིང་འཛིན་, Wyl. ting ‘dzin)
  5. Intelligence (Skt. prajñā; Tib. ཤེས་རབ་, Wyl. shes rab)

Eleven virtuous states (Tib. དགེ་བའི་སེམས་བྱུང་བཅུ་གཅིག་, dge ba’i sems byung bcu gcig)

  1. Faith (Skt. śraddhā; Tib. དད་པ་, dépa; Wyl. dad pa)
  2. Dignity (Skt. hri; Tib. ངོ་ཚ་ཤེས་པ་, Wyl. ngo tsha shes pa)
  3. Propriety (Skt. apatrāpya; Tib. ཁྲེལ་ཡོད་པ་, Wyl. khrel yod pa)
  4. Nonattachment (Skt. alobha; Tib. མ་ཆགས་པ་, Wyl. ma chags pa)
  5. Nonaggression (Skt. adveṣa; Tib. ཞེས་སྡང་མེད་པ་, Wyl. zhes sdang med pa)
  6. Nondelusion (Skt. amoha; Tib. གཏི་མུག་མེད་པ་, Wyl. gti mug med pa)
  7. Diligence (Skt. vīrya; Tib. བརྩོན་འགྲུས་, tsöndrü; Wyl. brtson ‘grus)
  8. Pliancy or flexibility (Skt. praśrabdhi; Tib. ཤིན་ཏུ་སྦྱང་བ་, Wyl. shin tu sbyang ba)
  9. Conscientiousness (Skt. apramāda; Tib. བག་ཡོད་པ་, bayö; Wyl. bag yod pa)
  10. Evenness or Equanimity (Skt. upekṣā; Tib. བཏང་སྙོམས་, tang nyom; Wyl. btang snyoms)
  11. Nonviolence (Skt. avihiṃsā; Tib. རྣམ་པར་མི་འཚེ་བ་, Wyl. rnam par mi ‘tshe ba)

Six root destructive emotions (Tib. རྩ་ཉོན་དྲུག་, rtsa nyon drug)

  1. Ignorance (Skt. avidyā; Tib. མ་རིག་པ་, marigpa; Wyl. ma rig pa)
  2. Desire (Skt. rāga; Tib. འདོད་ཆགས་, döchak; Wyl. ‘dod chags)
  3. Anger (Skt. pratigha; Tib. ཁོང་ཁྲོ་, kong tro; Wyl. khong khro)
  4. Pride (Skt. māna; Tib. ང་རྒྱལ་, nga gyal; Wyl. nga rgyal)
  5. Doubt (Skt. vicikitsā; Tib. ཐེ་ཚོམ་, tétsom; Wyl. the tshom)
  6. Beliefs (Skt. dṛṣṭi; Tib. ལྟ་བ་, tawa; Wyl. lta ba)

When the last state of beliefs or 'views' is divided into the five wrong views, there are fifty-five mental states in total.

Twenty subsidiary destructive emotions (Tib. ཉེ་ཉོན་ཉི་ཤུ་, nye nyon nyi shu)

  1. Rage (Skt. krodha; Tib. ཁྲོ་བ་, Wyl. khro ba)
  2. Resentment (Skt. upanāha; Wyl. Tib. འཁོན་དུ་འཛིན་པ་, khon du ‘dzin pa)
  3. Spitefulness (Skt. pradāśa; Wyl. Tib. འཚིག་པ་, tshig pa)
  4. Cruelty (Skt. vihiṃsā; Tib. རྣམ་པར་འཚེ་བ་, Wyl. rnam par ‘tshe ba)
  5. Envy (Skt. īrśya; Tib. ཕྲག་དོག་, Wyl. phrag dog)
  6. Deception (Skt. śāṭhya; Tib. གཡོ་, Wyl. g.yo)
  7. Pretension (Skt. māyā; Tib. སྒྱུ་, Wyl. sgyu)
  8. Lack of shame (Skt. āhrīkya; Tib. ངོ་ཚ་མེད་པ་, Wyl. ngo tsha med pa)
  9. Disregard (Skt. anapatatrāpya; Tib. ཁྲེལ་མེད་པ་, Wyl. khrel med pa)
  10. Concealment (Skt. mrakśa; Tib. འཆབ་པ་, Wyl. ‘chab pa)
  11. Miserliness (Skt. mātsarya; Tib. སེར་སྣ་, Wyl. ser sna)
  12. Self-satisfaction (Skt. mada; Tib. རྒྱགས་པ་, Wyl. rgyags pa)
  13. Lack of faith (Skt. āśraddhya; Tib. མ་དད་པ་, Wyl. ma dad pa)
  14. Laziness (Skt. kausīdya; Tib. ལེ་ལོ་, Wyl. le lo)
  15. Carelessness (Skt. pramāda; Tib. བག་མེད་པ་, Wyl. bag med pa)
  16. Forgetfulness (Skt. muṣitasmṛtitā; Tib. བརྗེད་ངས་, Wyl. brjed ngas)
  17. Inattention (Skt. asaṃprajanya; Tib. ཤེས་བཞིན་མིན་པ་, Wyl. shes bzhin min pa)
  18. Lethargy (Skt. styāna; Tib. རྨུག་པ་, Wyl. rmug pa)
  19. Excitement (Skt. auddhatya; Tib. རྒོད་པ་, Wyl. rgod pa)
  20. Distraction (Skt. vikṣepa; Tib. རྣམ་པར་གཡེང་བ་, Wyl. rnam par g.yeng ba)


Four variables (Tib. གཞན་འགྱུར་བཞི་, gzhan ‘gyur bzhi)

  1. sleep (Skt. middha; Tib. གཉིད་, Wyl. gnyid)
  2. regret (Skt. kaukṛtya; Tib. འགྱོད་པ་, Wyl. ‘gyod pa)
  3. conception (Skt. vitarka; Tib. རྟོག་པ་, Wyl. rtog pa)
  4. discernment (Skt. vicāra; Tib. དཔྱོད་པ་, Wyl. dpyod pa)

Further Reading

  • Herbert V. Guenther & Leslie S. Kawamura, Mind in Buddhist Psychology: A Translation of Ye-shes rgyal-mtshan's "The Necklace of Clear Understanding", (Dharma Publishing, 1975)

External Links

Source

RigpaWiki:Fifty-one mental states