Difference between revisions of "The Origin of the Hevajra Tantra"
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[[File:Hevajrah99.jpg|thumb|250px|]] | [[File:Hevajrah99.jpg|thumb|250px|]] | ||
<poem> | <poem> | ||
| − | Shri Hevajra is a principal meditational deity of the Anuttarayoga classification of Buddhist Tantra. "Hevajra Tantra" was taught by Buddha Shakyamuni when He arose in the form of Shri Hevajra in the land of Madgadha at the time of destroying the four maras of defilements. The Tantra was requested by Vajragarbha and by the consort of Hevajra, Vajranairatmya. This root Tantra is known as "The Condensed Meaning of the Hevajra Tantra" which has 23 chapters and 750 verses. In this root Tantra, it has two parts that is known as "Two Sections" or "Two Examinations". | + | [[Shri Hevajra]] is a principal [[meditational deity]] of the [[Anuttarayoga]] {{Wiki|classification}} of [[Buddhist Tantra]]. "[[Hevajra Tantra]]" was taught by [[Buddha Shakyamuni]] when He arose in the [[form]] of [[Shri Hevajra]] in the land of Madgadha at the [[time]] of destroying the four [[maras]] of [[defilements]]. The [[Tantra]] was requested by [[Vajragarbha]] and by the [[consort]] of [[Hevajra]], Vajranairatmya. This [[root]] [[Tantra]] is known as "The Condensed Meaning of the [[Hevajra Tantra]]" which has 23 chapters and 750 verses. In this [[root]] [[Tantra]], it has two parts that is known as "Two [[Sections]]" or "Two Examinations". |
| − | The | + | The [[Hevajra Tantra]] is a non-dual,Yogini [[tantra]] of the late MantraySna [[tradition]] of [[Buddhism]] which was composed in northeastern [[India]] during the 8th century AD. It was one of the principal later [[tantric]] cycles which were first introduced into [[Tibet]] during the late 1 Oth century AD in a general reintroduction of the [[Buddhism]] there after the persecutions of the previous century. The origins of the [[tantric]] [[Buddhist Wisdom]] and Means method exposed in the [[Hevajra Tantra]] can be traced to the [[views]] found in the 1 st century AD. MSdhymaka works of NSgarjuna and the works of other MahaySna schools as well as through the texts of the later, 6th-7th century AD. [[Yoga tantra]] [[tradition]]. The method of the [[Hevajra Tantra]] was especially evolved from the [[views]] on the [[tantric]] [[Buddhist]] method found in the [[Guhya]] SamSja [[Tantra]], the Manjuiri MQlakalpa, the [[Tattva]] Sarhgraha and other [[Yoga tantra]] works. |
| − | The | + | The YogaratnamalS also known as the [[Hevajra]] Panjika (9th cent, AD.) is a principal commentary of the [[Hevajra Tantra]] by the [[Maha]] [[Siddha]] and [[Pandit]] [[Krishnacarya]]. This English translation of a principal [[root]] [[Tantra]] together with a translation of a major commentary by a [[Maha]] [[Siddha]] offers an [[Wikipedia:Authenticity|authentic]] [[insight]] into the radical bio-genetic and [[psychological]] [[views]] of the [[Yogi]] [[tradition]] of MantraySna [[Buddhism]]. These two translations therefore highlight not only the sophisticated but controversial [[Buddhist]] [[tantric]] methods, which constitute the very [[essence]] of the [[Tibetan]] [[tantric]] method, but also provide an authoritative historical record of and testament to the unique and uninhibited classic, c. 5th cent. AD. to c. 13th cent. AD. [[tantric]] period of [[Indian]] [[religious]] history. |
| + | ( G.W.Farrow / I.Menon ) | ||
| − | + | The [[Buddha]] had also taught "The [[Hevajra Tantra]] in 700,000 verses" and "The [[Hevajra Tantra]] in 500,000 verses". "[[Hevajra Tantra]]" has both {{Wiki|exegetical}} [[tantras]] and supplementary [[tantras]], such as "[[Vajra]] Tent [[Tantra]]" ([[Vajra]] Panjara [[Tantra]]), "[[Samputa Tantra]]", "Drop of [[Wisdom Tantra]]", "Drop of [[Great Seal]] [[Tantra]]" and "[[Lamp]] of [[Suchness]], Great [[Yogini]] [[Tantra]]". From the numerous texts within the cycle of [[Hevajra]], the [[root]] [[Tantra]] of "Two [[Sections]]" is the most important. | |
| − | + | The [[Indian]] [[lineages]] of the [[Hevajra]] practices | |
| − | + | In {{Wiki|ancient India}}, there are many commentaries on the [[Hevajra Tantra]]. The important ones are written by 12 [[Indian]] [[masters]], they are [[Vajragarbha]], [[Naropa]], Krishnacarin, Bhavapa, Tamkadasa, Padmapa, Dujayacandra, [[Shantipa]], Samayavajra, Pad-myug, Kamadhenu and [[Dharmakirti]]. And there were six main {{Wiki|commentarial}} [[traditions]] of the [[Hevajra Tantra]] which were handed down from the [[Indian]] [[Mahasiddhas]]. These are directly connected with the origin of Nine-fold [[Paths]]. They are the [[traditions]] of [[Saroruha]], Durjayacandra, Northern Gate-Keeper [[Pandita]] [[Shantipa]], [[Samantabhadra]], [[Kashmiri]] Nyendrak Sangpo and Adipati [[Maitripa]]. | |
| − | Hevajra practice of the Sakya tradition | + | [[Hevajra]] practice of the [[Kagyu tradition]] |
| + | |||
| + | Nurmeous [[Hevajra]] [[lineages]] reached [[Tibet]], from [[Marpa Lotsawa]] to [[Ngok]] Choku [[Dorje]], in addition to [[traditions]] following Rapa Choereb, Chalse [[Lotsawa]], Tumton Lodro Drakpa and [[Wikipedia:Ram (animal)|Ram]] Dingmapa, following [[Mahasiddha]] [[Naropa's]] [[lineage]]. The [[Hevajra Tantra]] is classified as [[Mother Tantra]] in these [[lineages]]. [[Shri Hevajra]] of [[Marpa Lotsawa]] is practiced in the [[Kagyu tradition]] and is later brought into [[Gelug tradition]]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | [[Hevajra]] practice of the [[Sakya tradition]] | ||
[[File:Hevajra-CN5.jpg|thumb|250px|]] | [[File:Hevajra-CN5.jpg|thumb|250px|]] | ||
| − | The main Hevajra tradition concerned with Lamdre tradition was brought to Tibet by Drogmi Lotsawa Shakye Yeshe who received a transmission from Viravajra who followed the lineage from Dombi Heruka (of the Commentarial Tradition or Sudden Path lineage), and a transmission from Gayadhara who followed the lineage from Krishnacarin (of the Instructional Tradition or Gradual Path lineage). Dombi Heruka and Krishnacarin (or Krishnapa) are the heart sons of Mahasiddha Virupa. In additional, Sachen Kunga Nyingpo, who had received (the whispered lineage of) Lamdre teachings from his Tibetan teacher, Zhangton Chobar, had also received Lamdre teachings directly from Mahasiddha Virupa in a pure vision. In Mahasiddha Virupa's lineage, the Hevajra Tantra is classified as Non-dual Tantra, and the only sole tradition* for Lamdre teachings is the Sakya tradition. During the time of Muchen Sempa Chenpo Konchok Gyaltsen, the Lamdre transmission broke into two sub-lineages: the Explanation for Private Disciples (Lob Shed) and the Explanation for Assemblies (Tshog Shed) transmissions. | + | The main [[Hevajra]] [[tradition]] concerned with [[Lamdre tradition]] was brought to [[Tibet]] by [[Drogmi Lotsawa]] Shakye Yeshe who received a [[transmission]] from Viravajra who followed the [[lineage]] from [[Dombi Heruka]] (of the {{Wiki|Commentarial}} [[Tradition]] or Sudden [[Path]] [[lineage]]), and a [[transmission]] from [[Gayadhara]] who followed the [[lineage]] from Krishnacarin (of the Instructional [[Tradition]] or [[Gradual Path]] [[lineage]]). [[Dombi Heruka]] and Krishnacarin (or [[Krishnapa]]) are the [[heart]] sons of [[Mahasiddha Virupa]]. In additional, [[Sachen Kunga Nyingpo]], who had received (the whispered [[lineage]] of) [[Lamdre teachings]] from his [[Tibetan]] [[teacher]], [[Zhangton Chobar]], had also received [[Lamdre teachings]] directly from [[Mahasiddha Virupa]] in a [[pure vision]]. In [[Mahasiddha]] Virupa's [[lineage]], the [[Hevajra Tantra]] is classified as [[Non-dual Tantra]], and the only sole [[tradition]]* for [[Lamdre teachings]] is the [[Sakya tradition]]. During the [[time]] of [[Muchen Sempa Chenpo]] [[Konchok Gyaltsen]], the [[Lamdre]] [[transmission]] broke into two sub-lineages: the [[Explanation for Private Disciples]] (Lob Shed) and the [[Explanation for Assemblies]] (Tshog Shed) transmissions. |
| − | --- Adibuddha Vajradhara | + | --- [[Adibuddha]] [[Vajradhara]] |
--- Vajranairatmya | --- Vajranairatmya | ||
| − | 01. Mahasiddha Virupa (Mahasiddha Birwapa) | + | 01. [[Mahasiddha Virupa]] ([[Mahasiddha]] [[Birwapa]]) |
| − | 02. Mahasiddha Krishnapa | + | 02. [[Mahasiddha]] [[Krishnapa]] |
| − | 03. Damarupa | + | 03. [[Damarupa]] |
| − | 04. Avadhutipa | + | 04. [[Avadhutipa]] |
| − | 05. Gayadhara | + | 05. [[Gayadhara]] |
| − | 06. Drogmi Lotsawa Shakya Yeshe | + | 06. [[Drogmi Lotsawa]] [[Shakya]] Yeshe |
| − | 07. Seton Kunrig | + | 07. [[Seton Kunrig]] |
| − | 08. Zhangton Chobar | + | 08. [[Zhangton Chobar]] |
| − | 09. Tsewa Chenpo Sachen Kunga Nyingpo | + | 09. [[Tsewa Chenpo Sachen Kunga Nyingpo]] |
| − | 10. Loppon Rinpoche Sonam Tsemo | + | 10. [[Loppon Rinpoche Sonam Tsemo]] |
| − | 11. Jetsun Rinpoche Dragpa Gyaltsen | + | 11. [[Jetsun Rinpoche Dragpa Gyaltsen]] |
| − | 12. Choje Sakya Pandita Kunga Gyaltsen | + | 12. Choje [[Sakya Pandita]] [[Kunga Gyaltsen]] |
| − | 13. Drogon Chogyal Phagpa Lodro Gyaltsen | + | 13. [[Drogon Chogyal Phagpa]] Lodro [[Gyaltsen]] |
| − | 14. Shang Konchog Pal | + | 14. [[Shang Konchog Pal]] |
| − | 15. Drakphukpa (Naza Drugpa Sonam Pal) | + | 15. [[Drakphukpa]] (Naza Drugpa Sonam Pal) |
| − | 16. Lama Dampa Sonam Gyaltsen | + | 16. [[Lama]] [[Dampa Sonam Gyaltsen]] |
| − | 17. Lama Palden Tsultrim | + | 17. [[Lama Palden Tsultrim]] |
18. Buddhashri | 18. Buddhashri | ||
| − | 19. Ngorchen Dorje Chang Kunga Zangpo | + | 19. [[Ngorchen]] [[Dorje Chang]] [[Kunga Zangpo]] |
| − | 20. Muchen Sempa Chenpo (Konchog Gyaltsen) | + | 20. [[Muchen Sempa Chenpo]] (Konchog [[Gyaltsen]]) |
| − | 21. Gyaltsab Kunga Wangchuk | + | 21. [[Gyaltsab Kunga Wangchuk]] |
| − | 22. Sonam Senghe | + | 22. [[Sonam Senghe]] |
23. Konchog Phel | 23. Konchog Phel | ||
| − | 24. Sangye Rinchen | + | 24. [[Sangye Rinchen]] |
| − | 25. Salo Jhampai Dorje Kunga Sonam | + | 25. Salo Jhampai [[Dorje]] [[Kunga Sonam]] |
| − | 26. Ngorchen Konchok Lhundrup | + | 26. [[Ngorchen]] [[Konchok Lhundrup]] |
| − | 27. Ngakchang Chokyi Gyalpo Kunga Rinchen | + | 27. Ngakchang Chokyi [[Gyalpo]] Kunga Rinchen |
28. Konchog Gyatso | 28. Konchog Gyatso | ||
| − | 29. Jamyang Sonam Wangpo | + | 29. [[Jamyang Sonam Wangpo]] |
| − | 30. Dragpa Lodro Gyaltsen | + | 30. Dragpa Lodro [[Gyaltsen]] |
| − | 31. Muchen Sangye Gyaltsen | + | 31. [[Muchen Sangye]] [[Gyaltsen]] |
| − | 32. Jamgon Ameshab Ngawang Kunga Sonam | + | 32. Jamgon Ameshab Ngawang [[Kunga Sonam]] |
| − | 33. Jamgon Sonam Wangchuk | + | 33. Jamgon Sonam [[Wangchuk]] |
| − | 34. Jamgon Kunga Tashi | + | 34. Jamgon [[Kunga Tashi]] |
| − | 35. Jamyang Sonam Rinchen | + | 35. Jamyang [[Sonam Rinchen]] |
| − | 36. Sachen Kunga Lodro | + | 36. [[Sachen]] [[Kunga Lodro]] |
| − | 37. Ngarik Kunga Tashi | + | 37. [[Ngarik Kunga Tashi]] |
| − | 38. Pema Dudul Wangchuk | + | 38. [[Pema Dudul Wangchuk]] |
| − | 39. Ngawang Kunga Gyaltsen | + | 39. Ngawang [[Kunga Gyaltsen]] |
| − | 40. Thegchen Tashi Rinchen | + | 40. [[Thegchen Tashi Rinchen]] |
| − | 41. Kunga Nyingpo Samphel Norbu | + | 41. [[Kunga Nyingpo]] Samphel [[Norbu]] |
42. Dragshul Thrinley Rinchen | 42. Dragshul Thrinley Rinchen | ||
| − | 43. Khenchen Jampal Zangpo | + | 43. [[Khenchen]] Jampal Zangpo |
44. Kyabgon Ngawang Kunga | 44. Kyabgon Ngawang Kunga | ||
| − | Alternative lineage from Sachen Kunga Lodro (Ngorpa Lineage) to His Holiness Kyabgon Sakya Trizin: | + | Alternative [[lineage]] from [[Sachen]] [[Kunga Lodro]] ([[Ngorpa Lineage]]) to [[His Holiness]] Kyabgon [[Sakya Trizin]]: |
| − | 36. Sachen Kunga Lodro | + | 36. [[Sachen]] [[Kunga Lodro]] |
| − | 37. Thartse Je Namkha Chime | + | 37. [[Thartse]] Je [[Namkha Chime]] |
| − | 38. Kunga Tenzin | + | 38. [[Kunga Tenzin]] |
| − | 39. Kunga Tenpe Gyaltsen | + | 39. [[Kunga Tenpe Gyaltsen]] |
| − | 40. Ngawang Sonam Gyaltsen | + | 40. [[Ngawang Sonam Gyaltsen]] |
| − | 41. Ngawang Lodro Nyingpo | + | 41. [[Ngawang Lodro Nyingpo]] |
42. Ngawang Lodro Zhenphen Nyingpo | 42. Ngawang Lodro Zhenphen Nyingpo | ||
43. Kyabgon Ngawang Kunga | 43. Kyabgon Ngawang Kunga | ||
| − | * Note: There were 18 lineages of Lamdre tradition, such as Sakya tradition, Jonang tradition, Zhama tradition and Drom tradition. All these lineages have been either died out or absorbed into Sakya tradition. | + | * Note: There were 18 [[lineages]] of [[Lamdre tradition]], such as [[Sakya tradition]], [[Jonang]] [[tradition]], Zhama [[tradition]] and Drom [[tradition]]. All these [[lineages]] have been either [[died]] out or absorbed into [[Sakya tradition]]. |
</poem> | </poem> | ||
{{R}} | {{R}} | ||
Latest revision as of 07:28, 27 October 2013
Shri Hevajra is a principal meditational deity of the Anuttarayoga classification of Buddhist Tantra. "Hevajra Tantra" was taught by Buddha Shakyamuni when He arose in the form of Shri Hevajra in the land of Madgadha at the time of destroying the four maras of defilements. The Tantra was requested by Vajragarbha and by the consort of Hevajra, Vajranairatmya. This root Tantra is known as "The Condensed Meaning of the Hevajra Tantra" which has 23 chapters and 750 verses. In this root Tantra, it has two parts that is known as "Two Sections" or "Two Examinations".
The Hevajra Tantra is a non-dual,Yogini tantra of the late MantraySna tradition of Buddhism which was composed in northeastern India during the 8th century AD. It was one of the principal later tantric cycles which were first introduced into Tibet during the late 1 Oth century AD in a general reintroduction of the Buddhism there after the persecutions of the previous century. The origins of the tantric Buddhist Wisdom and Means method exposed in the Hevajra Tantra can be traced to the views found in the 1 st century AD. MSdhymaka works of NSgarjuna and the works of other MahaySna schools as well as through the texts of the later, 6th-7th century AD. Yoga tantra tradition. The method of the Hevajra Tantra was especially evolved from the views on the tantric Buddhist method found in the Guhya SamSja Tantra, the Manjuiri MQlakalpa, the Tattva Sarhgraha and other Yoga tantra works.
The YogaratnamalS also known as the Hevajra Panjika (9th cent, AD.) is a principal commentary of the Hevajra Tantra by the Maha Siddha and Pandit Krishnacarya. This English translation of a principal root Tantra together with a translation of a major commentary by a Maha Siddha offers an authentic insight into the radical bio-genetic and psychological views of the Yogi tradition of MantraySna Buddhism. These two translations therefore highlight not only the sophisticated but controversial Buddhist tantric methods, which constitute the very essence of the Tibetan tantric method, but also provide an authoritative historical record of and testament to the unique and uninhibited classic, c. 5th cent. AD. to c. 13th cent. AD. tantric period of Indian religious history.
( G.W.Farrow / I.Menon )
The Buddha had also taught "The Hevajra Tantra in 700,000 verses" and "The Hevajra Tantra in 500,000 verses". "Hevajra Tantra" has both exegetical tantras and supplementary tantras, such as "Vajra Tent Tantra" (Vajra Panjara Tantra), "Samputa Tantra", "Drop of Wisdom Tantra", "Drop of Great Seal Tantra" and "Lamp of Suchness, Great Yogini Tantra". From the numerous texts within the cycle of Hevajra, the root Tantra of "Two Sections" is the most important.
The Indian lineages of the Hevajra practices
In ancient India, there are many commentaries on the Hevajra Tantra. The important ones are written by 12 Indian masters, they are Vajragarbha, Naropa, Krishnacarin, Bhavapa, Tamkadasa, Padmapa, Dujayacandra, Shantipa, Samayavajra, Pad-myug, Kamadhenu and Dharmakirti. And there were six main commentarial traditions of the Hevajra Tantra which were handed down from the Indian Mahasiddhas. These are directly connected with the origin of Nine-fold Paths. They are the traditions of Saroruha, Durjayacandra, Northern Gate-Keeper Pandita Shantipa, Samantabhadra, Kashmiri Nyendrak Sangpo and Adipati Maitripa.
Hevajra practice of the Kagyu tradition
Nurmeous Hevajra lineages reached Tibet, from Marpa Lotsawa to Ngok Choku Dorje, in addition to traditions following Rapa Choereb, Chalse Lotsawa, Tumton Lodro Drakpa and Ram Dingmapa, following Mahasiddha Naropa's lineage. The Hevajra Tantra is classified as Mother Tantra in these lineages. Shri Hevajra of Marpa Lotsawa is practiced in the Kagyu tradition and is later brought into Gelug tradition.
Hevajra practice of the Sakya tradition
The main Hevajra tradition concerned with Lamdre tradition was brought to Tibet by Drogmi Lotsawa Shakye Yeshe who received a transmission from Viravajra who followed the lineage from Dombi Heruka (of the Commentarial Tradition or Sudden Path lineage), and a transmission from Gayadhara who followed the lineage from Krishnacarin (of the Instructional Tradition or Gradual Path lineage). Dombi Heruka and Krishnacarin (or Krishnapa) are the heart sons of Mahasiddha Virupa. In additional, Sachen Kunga Nyingpo, who had received (the whispered lineage of) Lamdre teachings from his Tibetan teacher, Zhangton Chobar, had also received Lamdre teachings directly from Mahasiddha Virupa in a pure vision. In Mahasiddha Virupa's lineage, the Hevajra Tantra is classified as Non-dual Tantra, and the only sole tradition* for Lamdre teachings is the Sakya tradition. During the time of Muchen Sempa Chenpo Konchok Gyaltsen, the Lamdre transmission broke into two sub-lineages: the Explanation for Private Disciples (Lob Shed) and the Explanation for Assemblies (Tshog Shed) transmissions.
--- Adibuddha Vajradhara
--- Vajranairatmya
01. Mahasiddha Virupa (Mahasiddha Birwapa)
02. Mahasiddha Krishnapa
03. Damarupa
04. Avadhutipa
05. Gayadhara
06. Drogmi Lotsawa Shakya Yeshe
07. Seton Kunrig
08. Zhangton Chobar
09. Tsewa Chenpo Sachen Kunga Nyingpo
10. Loppon Rinpoche Sonam Tsemo
11. Jetsun Rinpoche Dragpa Gyaltsen
12. Choje Sakya Pandita Kunga Gyaltsen
13. Drogon Chogyal Phagpa Lodro Gyaltsen
14. Shang Konchog Pal
15. Drakphukpa (Naza Drugpa Sonam Pal)
16. Lama Dampa Sonam Gyaltsen
17. Lama Palden Tsultrim
18. Buddhashri
19. Ngorchen Dorje Chang Kunga Zangpo
20. Muchen Sempa Chenpo (Konchog Gyaltsen)
21. Gyaltsab Kunga Wangchuk
22. Sonam Senghe
23. Konchog Phel
24. Sangye Rinchen
25. Salo Jhampai Dorje Kunga Sonam
26. Ngorchen Konchok Lhundrup
27. Ngakchang Chokyi Gyalpo Kunga Rinchen
28. Konchog Gyatso
29. Jamyang Sonam Wangpo
30. Dragpa Lodro Gyaltsen
31. Muchen Sangye Gyaltsen
32. Jamgon Ameshab Ngawang Kunga Sonam
33. Jamgon Sonam Wangchuk
34. Jamgon Kunga Tashi
35. Jamyang Sonam Rinchen
36. Sachen Kunga Lodro
37. Ngarik Kunga Tashi
38. Pema Dudul Wangchuk
39. Ngawang Kunga Gyaltsen
40. Thegchen Tashi Rinchen
41. Kunga Nyingpo Samphel Norbu
42. Dragshul Thrinley Rinchen
43. Khenchen Jampal Zangpo
44. Kyabgon Ngawang Kunga
Alternative lineage from Sachen Kunga Lodro (Ngorpa Lineage) to His Holiness Kyabgon Sakya Trizin:
36. Sachen Kunga Lodro
37. Thartse Je Namkha Chime
38. Kunga Tenzin
39. Kunga Tenpe Gyaltsen
40. Ngawang Sonam Gyaltsen
41. Ngawang Lodro Nyingpo
42. Ngawang Lodro Zhenphen Nyingpo
43. Kyabgon Ngawang Kunga
- Note: There were 18 lineages of Lamdre tradition, such as Sakya tradition, Jonang tradition, Zhama tradition and Drom tradition. All these lineages have been either died out or absorbed into Sakya tradition.
