Difference between revisions of "Anapanasati Sutta"
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− | Mindfulness of Breathing | + | [[File:0-4.jpg|thumb|250px|]] |
+ | [[Mindfulness of Breathing]] | ||
− | Translated from the Pali by Thanissaro Bhikkhu | + | Translated from the [[Pali]] by [[Thanissaro Bhikkhu]] |
− | I have heard that on one occasion the Blessed One was staying at Savatthi in the Eastern Monastery, the palace of Migara's mother, together with many well-known elder disciples — with Ven. Sariputta, Ven. Maha Moggallana, Ven. Maha Kassapa, Ven. Maha Kaccana, Ven. Maha Kotthita, Ven. Maha Kappina, Ven. Maha Cunda, Ven. Revata, Ven. Ananda, and other well-known elder disciples. On that occasion the elder monks were teaching & instructing. Some elder monks were teaching & instructing ten monks, some were teaching & instructing twenty monks, some were teaching & instructing thirty monks, some were teaching & instructing forty monks. The new monks, being taught & instructed by the elder monks, were discerning grand, successive distinctions. | + | I have heard that on one [[occasion]] the [[Blessed One]] was staying at [[Savatthi]] in the Eastern [[Monastery]], the palace of [[Migara's]] mother, together with many well-known elder [[disciples]] — with Ven. [[Sariputta]], Ven. [[Maha Moggallana]], Ven. [[Maha Kassapa]], Ven. [[Maha Kaccana]], Ven. [[Maha Kotthita]], Ven. [[Maha Kappina]], Ven. [[Maha]] [[Cunda]], Ven. [[Revata]], Ven. [[Ananda]], and other well-known elder [[disciples]]. On that [[occasion]] the elder [[monks]] were [[teaching]] & instructing. Some elder [[monks]] were [[teaching]] & instructing ten [[monks]], some were [[teaching]] & instructing twenty [[monks]], some were [[teaching]] & instructing thirty [[monks]], some were [[teaching]] & instructing forty [[monks]]. The new [[monks]], being [[taught]] & instructed by the elder [[monks]], were discerning grand, successive {{Wiki|distinctions}}. |
− | Now on that occasion — the Uposatha day of the fifteenth, the full-moon night of the Pavarana ceremony — the Blessed One was seated in the open air surrounded by the community of monks. Surveying the silent community of monks, he addressed them: | + | Now on that [[occasion]] — the [[Uposatha day]] of the fifteenth, the [[full-moon]] night of the [[Pavarana ceremony]] — the [[Blessed One]] was seated in the open [[air]] surrounded by the [[community of monks]]. Surveying the [[silent]] [[community of monks]], he addressed them: |
− | "Monks, I am content with this practice. I am content at heart with this practice. So arouse even more intense persistence for the attaining of the as-yet-unattained, the reaching of the as-yet-unreached, the realization of the as-yet-unrealized. I will remain right here at Savatthi [for another month] through the 'White Water-lily' Month, the fourth month of the rains." | + | "[[Monks]], I am content with this [[practice]]. I am content at [[heart]] with this [[practice]]. So arouse even more intense persistence for the [[attaining]] of the as-yet-unattained, the reaching of the as-yet-unreached, the [[realization]] of the as-yet-unrealized. I will remain right here at [[Savatthi]] [for another month] through the 'White Water-lily' Month, the fourth month of the rains." |
− | The monks in the countryside heard, "The Blessed One, they say, will remain right there at Savatthi through the White Water-lily Month, the fourth month of the rains." So they left for Savatthi to see the Blessed One. | + | The [[monks]] in the countryside heard, "The [[Blessed One]], they say, will remain right there at [[Savatthi]] through the White Water-lily Month, the fourth month of the rains." So they left for [[Savatthi]] to see the [[Blessed One]]. |
− | Then the elder monks taught & instructed the new monks even more intensely. Some elder monks were teaching & instructing ten monks, some were teaching & instructing twenty monks, some were teaching & instructing thirty monks, some were teaching & instructing forty monks. The new monks, being taught & instructed by the elder monks, were discerning grand, successive distinctions. | + | Then the elder [[monks]] [[taught]] & instructed the new [[monks]] even more intensely. Some elder [[monks]] were [[teaching]] & instructing ten [[monks]], some were [[teaching]] & instructing twenty [[monks]], some were [[teaching]] & instructing thirty [[monks]], some were [[teaching]] & instructing forty [[monks]]. The new [[monks]], being [[taught]] & instructed by the elder [[monks]], were discerning grand, successive {{Wiki|distinctions}}. |
− | Now on that occasion — the Uposatha day of the fifteenth, the full-moon night of the White Water-lily Month, the fourth month of the rains — the Blessed One was seated in the open air surrounded by the community of monks. Surveying the silent community of monks, he addressed them: | + | Now on that [[occasion]] — the [[Uposatha day]] of the fifteenth, the [[full-moon]] night of the White Water-lily Month, the fourth month of the rains — the [[Blessed One]] was seated in the open [[air]] surrounded by the [[community of monks]]. Surveying the [[silent]] [[community of monks]], he addressed them: |
+ | [[File:0434.jpg|thumb|250px|]] | ||
+ | "[[Monks]], this assembly is free from idle chatter, devoid of idle chatter, and is established on [[pure]] heartwood: such is this [[community of monks]], such is this assembly. The sort of assembly that is [[worthy]] of gifts, [[worthy]] of [[hospitality]], [[worthy of offerings]], [[worthy]] of [[respect]], an incomparable [[field of merit]] for the [[world]]: such is this [[community of monks]], such is this assembly. The sort of assembly to which a small [[gift]], when given, becomes great, and a great [[gift]] greater: such is this [[community of monks]], such is this assembly. The sort of assembly that it is rare to see in the [[world]]: such is this [[community of monks]], such is this assembly — the sort of assembly that it would be worth traveling for leagues, taking along provisions, in order to see. | ||
− | " | + | "In this [[community of monks]] there are [[monks]] who are [[arahants]], whose [[mental]] effluents are ended, who have reached fulfillment, done the task, laid down the [[burden]], [[attained]] the true goal, laid to waste the [[fetter]] of becoming, and who are released through right [[gnosis]]: such are the [[monks]] in this [[community of monks]]. |
− | "In this community of monks there are monks who | + | "In this [[community of monks]] there are [[monks]] who, with the wasting away of the five lower [[fetters]], are due to be [[reborn]] [in the [[Pure Abodes]]), there to be totally unbound, destined never again to return from that [[world]]: such are the [[monks]] in this [[community of monks]]. |
− | "In this community of monks there are monks who, with the wasting away of the | + | "In this [[community of monks]] there are [[monks]] who, with the wasting away of [the first] [[three fetters]], and with the attenuation of [[passion]], [[aversion]], & [[delusion]], are [[once-returners]], who — on returning only once more to this [[world]] — will make an ending to [[stress]]: such are the [[monks]] in this [[community of monks]]. |
− | "In this community of monks there are monks who, with the wasting away of [the first] three fetters, | + | "In this [[community of monks]] there are [[monks]] who, with the wasting away of [the first] [[three fetters]], are [[stream-winners]], steadfast, never again destined for states of woe, headed for [[self-awakening]]: such are the [[monks]] in this [[community of monks]]. |
− | "In this community of monks there are monks who | + | "In this [[community of monks]] there are [[monks]] who remain devoted to the [[development]] of the four frames of reference... the [[four right exertions]]... the four bases of power... the [[five faculties]]... the [[five strengths]]... the seven factors for [[awakening]]... the [[noble eightfold path]]: such are the [[monks]] in this [[community of monks]]. |
+ | [[File:11113.jpg|thumb|250px|]] | ||
+ | "In this [[community of monks]] there are [[monks]] who remain devoted to the [[development]] of [[good will]]... [[compassion]]... [[appreciation]]... [[equanimity]]... [the [[perception]] of the] [[foulness]] [of the [[body]])... the [[perception]] of [[inconstancy]]: such are the [[monks]] in this [[community of monks]]. | ||
− | "In this community of monks there are monks who remain devoted to | + | "In this [[community of monks]] there are [[monks]] who remain devoted to [[mindfulness]] of in-&-out [[breathing]]. |
− | " | + | "[[Mindfulness]] of in-&-out [[breathing]], when developed & pursued, is of great fruit, of great [[benefit]]. [[Mindfulness]] of in-&-out [[breathing]], when developed & pursued, brings the four frames of reference to their culmination. The four frames of reference, when developed & pursued, bring the seven factors for [[awakening]] to their culmination. The seven factors for [[awakening]], when developed & pursued, bring clear [[knowing]] & [[release]] to their culmination. |
+ | [[Mindfulness]] of In-&-Out [[Breathing]] | ||
− | " | + | "Now how is [[mindfulness]] of in-&-out [[breathing]] developed & pursued so as to be of great fruit, of great [[benefit]]? |
− | " | + | "There is the case where a [[monk]], having gone to the wilderness, to the shade of a [[tree]], or to an [[empty]] building, sits down folding his {{Wiki|legs}} crosswise, holding his [[body]] erect, and setting [[mindfulness]] to the fore.1 Always [[mindful]], he breathes in; [[mindful]] he breathes out. |
− | |||
− | " | + | "[1] [[Breathing]] in long, he discerns, 'I am [[breathing]] in long'; or [[breathing]] out long, he discerns, 'I am [[breathing]] out long.' [2] Or [[breathing]] in short, he discerns, 'I am [[breathing]] in short'; or [[breathing]] out short, he discerns, 'I am [[breathing]] out short.' [3] He trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} in [[sensitive]] to the entire [[body]]. He trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} out [[sensitive]] to the entire [[body]].' [4] He trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} in [[calming]] [[bodily]] [[fabrication]]. He trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} out [[calming]] [[bodily]] [[fabrication]].' |
− | " | + | "[5] He trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} in [[sensitive]] to [[rapture]].' He trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} out [[sensitive]] to [[rapture]].' [6] He trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} in [[sensitive]] to [[pleasure]].' He trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} out [[sensitive]] to [[pleasure]].' [7] He trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} in [[sensitive]] to [[mental]] [[fabrication]]. He trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} out [[sensitive]] to [[mental]] [[fabrication]].' [8] He trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} in [[calming]] [[mental]] [[fabrication]].' He trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} out [[calming]] [[mental]] [[fabrication]].' |
+ | [[File:159.jpg|thumb|250px|]] | ||
+ | "[9] He trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} in [[sensitive]] to the [[mind]].' He trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} out [[sensitive]] to the [[mind]].' [10] He trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} in satisfying the [[mind]].' He trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} out satisfying the [[mind]].' [11] He trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} in steadying the [[mind]].' He trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} out steadying the [[mind]].' [12] He trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} in releasing the [[mind]].' He trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} out releasing the [[mind]]. | ||
− | "[ | + | "[13] He trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} in focusing on [[inconstancy]].' He trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} out focusing on [[inconstancy]].' [14] He trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} in focusing on [[dispassion]] [literally, fading].' He trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} out focusing on [[dispassion]].' [15] He trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} in focusing on [[cessation]].' He trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} out focusing on [[cessation]].' [16] He trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} in focusing on [[relinquishment]].' He trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} out focusing on [[relinquishment]].' |
− | "[ | + | "This is how [[mindfulness]] of in-&-out [[breathing]] is developed & pursued so as to be of great fruit, of great [[benefit]]. |
− | "[ | + | The [[Four Frames of Reference]] "And how is [[mindfulness]] of in-&-out [[breathing]] developed & pursued so as to bring the four frames of reference to their culmination? |
− | "[ | + | "[1] On whatever [[occasion]] a [[monk]] [[breathing]] in long discerns, 'I am [[breathing]] in long'; or [[breathing]] out long, discerns, 'I am [[breathing]] out long'; or [[breathing]] in short, discerns, 'I am [[breathing]] in short'; or [[breathing]] out short, discerns, 'I am [[breathing]] out short'; trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} in...&... out [[sensitive]] to the entire [[body]]'; trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} in...&...out [[calming]] [[bodily]] [[fabrication]]': On that [[occasion]] the [[monk]] remains focused on the [[body]] in & of itself — ardent, alert, & [[mindful]] — putting aside [[greed]] & {{Wiki|distress}} with reference to the [[world]]. I tell you, [[monks]], that this — the in-&-out [[breath]] — is classed as a [[body]] among [[bodies]], which is why the [[monk]] on that [[occasion]] remains focused on the [[body]] in & of itself — ardent, alert, & [[mindful]] — putting aside [[greed]] & {{Wiki|distress}} with reference to the [[world]]. |
− | " | + | "[2] On whatever [[occasion]] a [[monk]] trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} in...&...out [[sensitive]] to [[rapture]]'; trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} in...&...out [[sensitive]] to [[pleasure]]'; trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} in...&...out [[sensitive]] to [[mental]] [[fabrication]]'; trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} in...&...out [[calming]] [[mental]] [[fabrication]]': On that [[occasion]] the [[monk]] remains focused on [[feelings]] in & of themselves — ardent, alert, & [[mindful]] — putting aside [[greed]] & {{Wiki|distress}} with reference to the [[world]]. I tell you, [[monks]], that this — careful [[attention]] to in-&-out breaths — is classed as a [[feeling]] among feelings,6 which is why the [[monk]] on that [[occasion]] remains focused on [[feelings]] in & of themselves — ardent, alert, & [[mindful]] — putting aside [[greed]] & {{Wiki|distress}} with reference to the [[world]]. |
+ | [[File:24history of buddhism.jpg|thumb|250px|]] | ||
+ | "[3] On whatever [[occasion]] a [[monk]] trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} in...&...out [[sensitive]] to the [[mind]]'; trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} in...&...out satisfying the [[mind]]'; trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} in...&...out steadying the [[mind]]'; trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} in...&...out releasing the [[mind]]': On that [[occasion]] the [[monk]] remains focused on the [[mind]] in & of itself — ardent, alert, & [[mindful]] — putting aside [[greed]] & {{Wiki|distress}} with reference to the [[world]]. I don't say that there is [[mindfulness]] of in-&-out [[breathing]] in one of lapsed [[mindfulness]] and no [[alertness]], which is why the [[monk]] on that [[occasion]] remains focused on the [[mind]] in & of itself — ardent, alert, & [[mindful]] — putting aside [[greed]] & {{Wiki|distress}} with reference to the [[world]]. | ||
− | + | "[4] On whatever [[occasion]] a [[monk]] trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} in...&...out focusing on [[inconstancy]]'; trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} in...&...out focusing on [[dispassion]]'; trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} in...&...out focusing on [[cessation]]'; trains himself, 'I will {{Wiki|breathe}} in...&...out focusing on [[relinquishment]]': On that [[occasion]] the [[monk]] remains focused on [[mental]] qualities in & of themselves — ardent, alert, & [[mindful]] — putting aside [[greed]] & {{Wiki|distress}} with reference to the [[world]]. He who sees with [[discernment]] the [[abandoning]] of [[greed]] & {{Wiki|distress}} is one who watches carefully with [[equanimity]], which is why the [[monk]] on that [[occasion]] remains focused on [[mental]] qualities in & of themselves — ardent, alert, & [[mindful]] — putting aside [[greed]] & {{Wiki|distress}} with reference to the [[world]]. | |
− | "[ | + | "This is how [[mindfulness]] of in-&-out [[breathing]] is developed & pursued so as to bring the four frames of reference to their culmination. |
+ | The Seven Factors for [[Awakening]] | ||
− | " | + | "And how are the four frames of reference developed & pursued so as to bring the seven factors for [[awakening]] to their culmination? |
− | "[ | + | "[1] On whatever [[occasion]] the [[monk]] remains focused on the [[body]] in & of itself — ardent, alert, & [[mindful]] — putting aside [[greed]] & {{Wiki|distress}} with reference to the [[world]], on that [[occasion]] his [[mindfulness]] is steady & without lapse. When his [[mindfulness]] is steady & without lapse, then [[mindfulness]] as a factor for [[awakening]] becomes aroused. He develops it, and for him it goes to the culmination of its [[development]]. |
+ | [[File:28zjvcc.jpg|thumb|250px|]] | ||
+ | "[2] Remaining [[mindful]] in this way, he examines, analyzes, & comes to a [[comprehension]] of that [[quality]] with [[discernment]]. When he remains [[mindful]] in this way, examining, analyzing, & coming to a [[comprehension]] of that [[quality]] with [[discernment]], then [[analysis of qualities]] as a factor for [[awakening]] becomes aroused. He develops it, and for him it goes to the culmination of its [[development]]. | ||
− | "[ | + | "[3] In one who examines, analyzes, & comes to a [[comprehension]] of that [[quality]] with [[discernment]], persistence is aroused unflaggingly. When persistence is aroused unflaggingly in one who examines, analyzes, & comes to a [[comprehension]] of that [[quality]] with [[discernment]], then persistence as a factor for [[awakening]] becomes aroused. He develops it, and for him it goes to the culmination of its [[development]]. |
− | " | + | "[4] In one whose persistence is aroused, a [[rapture]] not-of-the-flesh arises. When a [[rapture]] not-of-the-flesh arises in one whose persistence is aroused, then [[rapture]] as a factor for [[awakening]] becomes aroused. He develops it, and for him it goes to the culmination of its [[development]]. |
− | |||
− | " | + | "[5] For one enraptured at [[heart]], the [[body]] grows [[calm]] and the [[mind]] grows [[calm]]. When the [[body]] & [[mind]] of an [[monk]] enraptured at [[heart]] grow [[calm]], then [[serenity]] as a factor for [[awakening]] becomes aroused. He develops it, and for him it goes to the culmination of its [[development]]. |
− | "[ | + | "[6] For one who is at ease — his [[body]] [[calmed]] — the [[mind]] becomes [[concentrated]]. When the [[mind]] of one who is at ease — his [[body]] [[calmed]] — becomes [[concentrated]], then [[concentration]] as a factor for [[awakening]] becomes aroused. He develops it, and for him it goes to the culmination of its [[development]]. |
− | "[ | + | "[7] He carefully watches the [[mind]] thus [[concentrated]] with [[equanimity]]. When he carefully watches the [[mind]] thus [[concentrated]] with [[equanimity]], [[equanimity]] as a factor for [[awakening]] becomes aroused. He develops it, and for him it goes to the culmination of its [[development]]. |
+ | [[File:3532ges.jpg|thumb|250px|]] | ||
+ | (Similarly with the other three frames of reference: [[feelings]], [[mind]], & [[mental]] qualities.) | ||
− | " | + | "This is how the four frames of reference are developed & pursued so as to bring the seven factors for [[awakening]] to their culmination. |
+ | Clear [[Knowing]] & [[Release]] | ||
− | "[ | + | "And how are the seven factors for [[awakening]] developed & pursued so as to bring clear [[knowing]] & [[release]] to their culmination? There is the case where a [[monk]] develops [[mindfulness]] as a factor for [[awakening]] dependent on [[seclusion]], dependent on [[dispassion]], dependent on [[cessation]], resulting in [[relinquishment]]. He develops [[analysis of qualities]] as a factor for [[awakening]]... persistence as a factor for [[awakening]]... [[rapture]] as a factor for [[awakening]]... [[serenity]] as a factor for [[awakening]]... [[concentration]] as a factor for [[awakening]]... [[equanimity]] as a factor for [[awakening]] dependent on [[seclusion]], dependent on [[dispassion]], dependent on [[cessation]], resulting in [[relinquishment]]. |
− | "[ | + | "This is how the seven factors for [[awakening]] are developed & pursued so as to bring clear [[knowing]] & [[release]] to their culmination." |
− | + | That is what the [[Blessed One]] said. Gratified, the [[monks]] [[delighted]] in the [[Blessed One's]] words. | |
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− | That is what the Blessed One said. Gratified, the monks delighted in the Blessed One's words. | ||
{{R}} | {{R}} | ||
[http://www.tamqui.com/buddhaworld/Anapanasati_Sutta www.tamqui.com] | [http://www.tamqui.com/buddhaworld/Anapanasati_Sutta www.tamqui.com] | ||
− | + | [[Category:Buddhist Terms]] | |
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[[Category:Sutras]] | [[Category:Sutras]] | ||
+ | [[Category:Sutta Pitaka]] |
Latest revision as of 09:33, 4 April 2016
Translated from the Pali by Thanissaro Bhikkhu
I have heard that on one occasion the Blessed One was staying at Savatthi in the Eastern Monastery, the palace of Migara's mother, together with many well-known elder disciples — with Ven. Sariputta, Ven. Maha Moggallana, Ven. Maha Kassapa, Ven. Maha Kaccana, Ven. Maha Kotthita, Ven. Maha Kappina, Ven. Maha Cunda, Ven. Revata, Ven. Ananda, and other well-known elder disciples. On that occasion the elder monks were teaching & instructing. Some elder monks were teaching & instructing ten monks, some were teaching & instructing twenty monks, some were teaching & instructing thirty monks, some were teaching & instructing forty monks. The new monks, being taught & instructed by the elder monks, were discerning grand, successive distinctions.
Now on that occasion — the Uposatha day of the fifteenth, the full-moon night of the Pavarana ceremony — the Blessed One was seated in the open air surrounded by the community of monks. Surveying the silent community of monks, he addressed them:
"Monks, I am content with this practice. I am content at heart with this practice. So arouse even more intense persistence for the attaining of the as-yet-unattained, the reaching of the as-yet-unreached, the realization of the as-yet-unrealized. I will remain right here at Savatthi [for another month] through the 'White Water-lily' Month, the fourth month of the rains."
The monks in the countryside heard, "The Blessed One, they say, will remain right there at Savatthi through the White Water-lily Month, the fourth month of the rains." So they left for Savatthi to see the Blessed One.
Then the elder monks taught & instructed the new monks even more intensely. Some elder monks were teaching & instructing ten monks, some were teaching & instructing twenty monks, some were teaching & instructing thirty monks, some were teaching & instructing forty monks. The new monks, being taught & instructed by the elder monks, were discerning grand, successive distinctions.
Now on that occasion — the Uposatha day of the fifteenth, the full-moon night of the White Water-lily Month, the fourth month of the rains — the Blessed One was seated in the open air surrounded by the community of monks. Surveying the silent community of monks, he addressed them:
"Monks, this assembly is free from idle chatter, devoid of idle chatter, and is established on pure heartwood: such is this community of monks, such is this assembly. The sort of assembly that is worthy of gifts, worthy of hospitality, worthy of offerings, worthy of respect, an incomparable field of merit for the world: such is this community of monks, such is this assembly. The sort of assembly to which a small gift, when given, becomes great, and a great gift greater: such is this community of monks, such is this assembly. The sort of assembly that it is rare to see in the world: such is this community of monks, such is this assembly — the sort of assembly that it would be worth traveling for leagues, taking along provisions, in order to see.
"In this community of monks there are monks who are arahants, whose mental effluents are ended, who have reached fulfillment, done the task, laid down the burden, attained the true goal, laid to waste the fetter of becoming, and who are released through right gnosis: such are the monks in this community of monks.
"In this community of monks there are monks who, with the wasting away of the five lower fetters, are due to be reborn [in the Pure Abodes), there to be totally unbound, destined never again to return from that world: such are the monks in this community of monks.
"In this community of monks there are monks who, with the wasting away of [the first] three fetters, and with the attenuation of passion, aversion, & delusion, are once-returners, who — on returning only once more to this world — will make an ending to stress: such are the monks in this community of monks.
"In this community of monks there are monks who, with the wasting away of [the first] three fetters, are stream-winners, steadfast, never again destined for states of woe, headed for self-awakening: such are the monks in this community of monks.
"In this community of monks there are monks who remain devoted to the development of the four frames of reference... the four right exertions... the four bases of power... the five faculties... the five strengths... the seven factors for awakening... the noble eightfold path: such are the monks in this community of monks.
"In this community of monks there are monks who remain devoted to the development of good will... compassion... appreciation... equanimity... [the perception of the] foulness [of the body)... the perception of inconstancy: such are the monks in this community of monks.
"In this community of monks there are monks who remain devoted to mindfulness of in-&-out breathing.
"Mindfulness of in-&-out breathing, when developed & pursued, is of great fruit, of great benefit. Mindfulness of in-&-out breathing, when developed & pursued, brings the four frames of reference to their culmination. The four frames of reference, when developed & pursued, bring the seven factors for awakening to their culmination. The seven factors for awakening, when developed & pursued, bring clear knowing & release to their culmination. Mindfulness of In-&-Out Breathing
"Now how is mindfulness of in-&-out breathing developed & pursued so as to be of great fruit, of great benefit?
"There is the case where a monk, having gone to the wilderness, to the shade of a tree, or to an empty building, sits down folding his legs crosswise, holding his body erect, and setting mindfulness to the fore.1 Always mindful, he breathes in; mindful he breathes out.
"[1] Breathing in long, he discerns, 'I am breathing in long'; or breathing out long, he discerns, 'I am breathing out long.' [2] Or breathing in short, he discerns, 'I am breathing in short'; or breathing out short, he discerns, 'I am breathing out short.' [3] He trains himself, 'I will breathe in sensitive to the entire body. He trains himself, 'I will breathe out sensitive to the entire body.' [4] He trains himself, 'I will breathe in calming bodily fabrication. He trains himself, 'I will breathe out calming bodily fabrication.'
"[5] He trains himself, 'I will breathe in sensitive to rapture.' He trains himself, 'I will breathe out sensitive to rapture.' [6] He trains himself, 'I will breathe in sensitive to pleasure.' He trains himself, 'I will breathe out sensitive to pleasure.' [7] He trains himself, 'I will breathe in sensitive to mental fabrication. He trains himself, 'I will breathe out sensitive to mental fabrication.' [8] He trains himself, 'I will breathe in calming mental fabrication.' He trains himself, 'I will breathe out calming mental fabrication.'
"[9] He trains himself, 'I will breathe in sensitive to the mind.' He trains himself, 'I will breathe out sensitive to the mind.' [10] He trains himself, 'I will breathe in satisfying the mind.' He trains himself, 'I will breathe out satisfying the mind.' [11] He trains himself, 'I will breathe in steadying the mind.' He trains himself, 'I will breathe out steadying the mind.' [12] He trains himself, 'I will breathe in releasing the mind.' He trains himself, 'I will breathe out releasing the mind.
"[13] He trains himself, 'I will breathe in focusing on inconstancy.' He trains himself, 'I will breathe out focusing on inconstancy.' [14] He trains himself, 'I will breathe in focusing on dispassion [literally, fading].' He trains himself, 'I will breathe out focusing on dispassion.' [15] He trains himself, 'I will breathe in focusing on cessation.' He trains himself, 'I will breathe out focusing on cessation.' [16] He trains himself, 'I will breathe in focusing on relinquishment.' He trains himself, 'I will breathe out focusing on relinquishment.'
"This is how mindfulness of in-&-out breathing is developed & pursued so as to be of great fruit, of great benefit.
The Four Frames of Reference "And how is mindfulness of in-&-out breathing developed & pursued so as to bring the four frames of reference to their culmination?
"[1] On whatever occasion a monk breathing in long discerns, 'I am breathing in long'; or breathing out long, discerns, 'I am breathing out long'; or breathing in short, discerns, 'I am breathing in short'; or breathing out short, discerns, 'I am breathing out short'; trains himself, 'I will breathe in...&... out sensitive to the entire body'; trains himself, 'I will breathe in...&...out calming bodily fabrication': On that occasion the monk remains focused on the body in & of itself — ardent, alert, & mindful — putting aside greed & distress with reference to the world. I tell you, monks, that this — the in-&-out breath — is classed as a body among bodies, which is why the monk on that occasion remains focused on the body in & of itself — ardent, alert, & mindful — putting aside greed & distress with reference to the world.
"[2] On whatever occasion a monk trains himself, 'I will breathe in...&...out sensitive to rapture'; trains himself, 'I will breathe in...&...out sensitive to pleasure'; trains himself, 'I will breathe in...&...out sensitive to mental fabrication'; trains himself, 'I will breathe in...&...out calming mental fabrication': On that occasion the monk remains focused on feelings in & of themselves — ardent, alert, & mindful — putting aside greed & distress with reference to the world. I tell you, monks, that this — careful attention to in-&-out breaths — is classed as a feeling among feelings,6 which is why the monk on that occasion remains focused on feelings in & of themselves — ardent, alert, & mindful — putting aside greed & distress with reference to the world.
"[3] On whatever occasion a monk trains himself, 'I will breathe in...&...out sensitive to the mind'; trains himself, 'I will breathe in...&...out satisfying the mind'; trains himself, 'I will breathe in...&...out steadying the mind'; trains himself, 'I will breathe in...&...out releasing the mind': On that occasion the monk remains focused on the mind in & of itself — ardent, alert, & mindful — putting aside greed & distress with reference to the world. I don't say that there is mindfulness of in-&-out breathing in one of lapsed mindfulness and no alertness, which is why the monk on that occasion remains focused on the mind in & of itself — ardent, alert, & mindful — putting aside greed & distress with reference to the world.
"[4] On whatever occasion a monk trains himself, 'I will breathe in...&...out focusing on inconstancy'; trains himself, 'I will breathe in...&...out focusing on dispassion'; trains himself, 'I will breathe in...&...out focusing on cessation'; trains himself, 'I will breathe in...&...out focusing on relinquishment': On that occasion the monk remains focused on mental qualities in & of themselves — ardent, alert, & mindful — putting aside greed & distress with reference to the world. He who sees with discernment the abandoning of greed & distress is one who watches carefully with equanimity, which is why the monk on that occasion remains focused on mental qualities in & of themselves — ardent, alert, & mindful — putting aside greed & distress with reference to the world.
"This is how mindfulness of in-&-out breathing is developed & pursued so as to bring the four frames of reference to their culmination. The Seven Factors for Awakening
"And how are the four frames of reference developed & pursued so as to bring the seven factors for awakening to their culmination?
"[1] On whatever occasion the monk remains focused on the body in & of itself — ardent, alert, & mindful — putting aside greed & distress with reference to the world, on that occasion his mindfulness is steady & without lapse. When his mindfulness is steady & without lapse, then mindfulness as a factor for awakening becomes aroused. He develops it, and for him it goes to the culmination of its development.
"[2] Remaining mindful in this way, he examines, analyzes, & comes to a comprehension of that quality with discernment. When he remains mindful in this way, examining, analyzing, & coming to a comprehension of that quality with discernment, then analysis of qualities as a factor for awakening becomes aroused. He develops it, and for him it goes to the culmination of its development.
"[3] In one who examines, analyzes, & comes to a comprehension of that quality with discernment, persistence is aroused unflaggingly. When persistence is aroused unflaggingly in one who examines, analyzes, & comes to a comprehension of that quality with discernment, then persistence as a factor for awakening becomes aroused. He develops it, and for him it goes to the culmination of its development.
"[4] In one whose persistence is aroused, a rapture not-of-the-flesh arises. When a rapture not-of-the-flesh arises in one whose persistence is aroused, then rapture as a factor for awakening becomes aroused. He develops it, and for him it goes to the culmination of its development.
"[5] For one enraptured at heart, the body grows calm and the mind grows calm. When the body & mind of an monk enraptured at heart grow calm, then serenity as a factor for awakening becomes aroused. He develops it, and for him it goes to the culmination of its development.
"[6] For one who is at ease — his body calmed — the mind becomes concentrated. When the mind of one who is at ease — his body calmed — becomes concentrated, then concentration as a factor for awakening becomes aroused. He develops it, and for him it goes to the culmination of its development.
"[7] He carefully watches the mind thus concentrated with equanimity. When he carefully watches the mind thus concentrated with equanimity, equanimity as a factor for awakening becomes aroused. He develops it, and for him it goes to the culmination of its development.
(Similarly with the other three frames of reference: feelings, mind, & mental qualities.)
"This is how the four frames of reference are developed & pursued so as to bring the seven factors for awakening to their culmination. Clear Knowing & Release
"And how are the seven factors for awakening developed & pursued so as to bring clear knowing & release to their culmination? There is the case where a monk develops mindfulness as a factor for awakening dependent on seclusion, dependent on dispassion, dependent on cessation, resulting in relinquishment. He develops analysis of qualities as a factor for awakening... persistence as a factor for awakening... rapture as a factor for awakening... serenity as a factor for awakening... concentration as a factor for awakening... equanimity as a factor for awakening dependent on seclusion, dependent on dispassion, dependent on cessation, resulting in relinquishment.
"This is how the seven factors for awakening are developed & pursued so as to bring clear knowing & release to their culmination."
That is what the Blessed One said. Gratified, the monks delighted in the Blessed One's words.