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Difference between revisions of "INTRODUCTION TO INDO-TIBETAN BUDDHISM - UNCOMMON PATH: THE VAJRAYANA"

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THE TEACHINGS OF SHAKYAMUNI BUDDHA
+
THE TEACHINGS OF SHAKYAMUNI [[BUDDHA]]
  
  
♦ Buddha’s teachings (known in Sanskrit as Dharma-, that which holds us back from suffering and its causes) contain thousands of different methods for overcoming the mental and physical obstacles to our happiness and well-being.
+
[[Buddha’s teachings]] (known in [[Sanskrit]] as [[Dharma]]-, that which holds us back from [[suffering]] and its [[causes]]) contain thousands of different [[methods]] for [[overcoming]] the [[mental]] and [[physical]] [[obstacles]] to our [[happiness]] and well-being.
  
  
♦ Buddha gave these teachings while showing different aspects (forms), each designed to suit the aptitudes and temperaments of different types of sentient beings:
+
[[Buddha]] gave these teachings while showing different aspects ([[forms]]), each designed to suit the aptitudes and temperaments of different types of [[sentient beings]]:
  
  
• As an ordained person
+
• As an [[ordained person]]
• As Vajradhara or deity
+
• As [[Vajradhara]] or [[deity]]
 
• Indirectly
 
• Indirectly
♦ All these teachings can be grouped into the 3 vehicles (yanas):
+
♦ All these teachings can be grouped into the [[3 vehicles]] ([[yanas]]):
• Theravada vehicle (Cut-attachment)
+
[[Theravada]] [[vehicle]] (Cut-attachment)
• Mahayana-Sutrayana (Non-attachment)
+
• Mahayana-Sutrayana ([[Non-attachment]])
• Mahayana-Tantrayana (Attachment)
+
• Mahayana-Tantrayana ([[Attachment]])
♦ There are differences between these so-called vehicles, but the common foundation is the fundamentally pure nature of the mind.
+
♦ There are differences between these so-called vehicles, but the common foundation is the fundamentally [[pure]] [[nature of the mind]].
♦ We can also classify these paths as common and uncommon paths:
+
♦ We can also classify these [[paths]] as common and uncommon [[paths]]:
• Theravada vehicle (Common path)
+
[[Theravada]] [[vehicle]] (Common [[path]])
• Mahayana-Sutrayana (Common path)
+
• Mahayana-Sutrayana (Common [[path]])
• Mahayana-Tantrayana (Uncommon Path)
+
• Mahayana-Tantrayana (Uncommon [[Path]])
  
  
  
THE MAHAYANA TEACHINGS
+
THE [[MAHAYANA]] TEACHINGS
  
  
  
♦ The Mahayana (Great Vehicle) can be classified into 2 categories:
+
♦ The [[Mahayana]] ([[Great Vehicle]]) can be classified into 2 categories:
• Sutra-vana ; also known as Paramita-yana (Perfection Vehicle) and
+
• Sutra-vana ; also known as Paramita-yana ([[Perfection Vehicle]]) and
as causal vehicle (HW
+
as [[causal vehicle]] (HW
  
  
• Vajra-yana (Diamond Vehicle also known as tantra-yana (Secret Vehicle
+
[[Vajra-yana]] ([[Diamond Vehicle]] also known as tantra-yana (Secret [[Vehicle]]
W^), mantra-yana (tu^), and as resultant vehicle (-.!^W
+
W^), [[mantra-yana]] (tu^), and as [[resultant vehicle]] (-.!^W
  
  
  
THE SUTRAYANA
+
THE [[SUTRAYANA]]
  
  
♦ The practice of Sutra-yana (Paramita-yana) involves and emphasizes on creating the causes - the accumulation of vast amount of merits and wisdom - before the future result of full enlightenment can be attained.
+
♦ The practice of Sutra-yana (Paramita-yana) involves and emphasizes on creating the [[causes]] - the [[accumulation]] of vast amount of [[merits]] and [[wisdom]] - before the {{Wiki|future}} result of [[full enlightenment]] can be [[attained]].
  
♦ Because of this, it is sometimes known as the “causal vehicle” to enlightenment.
+
♦ Because of this, it is sometimes known as the “[[causal vehicle]]” to [[enlightenment]].
  
♦ In paramita-yana, the practices of the accumulation of merits and wisdom are practised separately, hence it takes a very long time (3 countless great eons) to attain enlightenment.
+
♦ In paramita-yana, the practices of the [[accumulation]] of [[merits]] and [[wisdom]] are practised separately, hence it takes a very long time (3 countless great [[eons]]) to [[attain enlightenment]].
  
♦ It takes one countless great eon to go from the Mahayana path of accumulation (merit) to the Mahayana path of seeing, or the first bhumi (ground). From the path of seeing to the 8th bhumi takes a second countless great eon; and from the 8th bhumi up to enlightenment takes a third great eon.
+
♦ It takes one countless great [[eon]] to go from the [[Mahayana path]] of [[accumulation]] ([[merit]]) to the [[Mahayana path of seeing]], or the [[first bhumi]] (ground). From the [[path of seeing]] to the [[8th bhumi]] takes a second countless great [[eon]]; and from the [[8th bhumi]] up to [[enlightenment]] takes a third great [[eon]].
  
♦ According to sutrayana, the path to fulfillment is a gradual process of cleansing our mind of all its faults and limitations and developing in their place such beneficial qualities as love and wisdom.
+
♦ According to [[sutrayana]], the [[path]] to fulfillment is a [[gradual process]] of cleansing our [[mind]] of all its faults and limitations and developing in their place such beneficial qualities as [[love]] and [[wisdom]].
  
♦ This path consists of creating specific causes - behaving ethically, developing our powers of concentration, training in meditative insight, 6 Perfections, and so forth - for the future attainment of full awakening.
+
♦ This [[path]] consists of creating specific [[causes]] - behaving [[ethically]], developing our [[powers]] of [[concentration]], {{Wiki|training}} in [[meditative]] [[insight]], [[6 Perfections]], and so forth - for the {{Wiki|future}} [[attainment]] of [[full awakening]].
  
  
  
THE VAJRAYANA
+
THE [[VAJRAYANA]]
  
  
♦ Compared to this gradual sutra approach (taking 3 great eons for accumulation of merits and wisdom), tantrayana is a far speedier (swift) path to enlightenment.
+
♦ Compared to this [[gradual]] [[sutra]] approach (taking 3 great [[eons]] for [[accumulation]] of [[merits]] and [[wisdom]]), [[tantrayana]] is a far speedier (swift) [[path to enlightenment]].
  
♦ Although tantric practitioners do not neglect creating the same causes as the followers of sutra, they take the future result of full spiritual evolution (buddhahood) as the very starting point (method) in their path.
+
♦ Although [[tantric practitioners]] do not neglect creating the same [[causes]] as the followers of [[sutra]], they take the {{Wiki|future}} result of full [[spiritual]] [[evolution]] ([[buddhahood]]) as the very starting point (method) in their [[path]].
  
♦ In other words, the tantric yogi or yogini (as these supremely skillful practitioners are called in Sanskrit) learns to think, speak, and act now as if he or she were already a fully enlightened buddha.
+
♦ In other words, the [[tantric yogi]] or [[yogini]] (as these supremely [[skillful]] practitioners are called in [[Sanskrit]]) learns to think, speak, and act now as if he or she were already a [[fully enlightened buddha]].
  
♦ Because this powerful approach brings the future result of full awakening into the present moment of spiritual practice, tantra is sometimes called the “resultant vehicle” to enlightenment.
+
♦ Because this powerful approach brings the {{Wiki|future}} result of [[full awakening]] into the {{Wiki|present}} [[moment]] of [[spiritual practice]], [[tantra]] is sometimes called the “[[resultant vehicle]]” to [[enlightenment]].
  
♦ Generally, because desirous attachment is the glue that holds us to samsara, it should be eliminated.
+
♦ Generally, because desirous [[attachment]] is the [[glue]] that holds us to [[samsara]], it should be eliminated.
  
♦ The uniqueness of tantra it that is uses attachment to eliminate attachment.
+
♦ The [[uniqueness]] of [[tantra]] it that is uses [[attachment]] to eliminate [[attachment]].
  
♦ Just like lotus born from mud, nourished by mud, but not tainted by mud, similarly tantra uses attachment as the path of practice and yet not be tainted by attachment.
+
♦ Just like [[lotus born]] from mud, nourished by mud, but not [[tainted]] by mud, similarly [[tantra]] uses [[attachment]] as the [[path of practice]] and yet not be [[tainted]] by [[attachment]].
  
♦ Thus, the tantric practice is the harnessing and the transformation of our strong basic energy of desire into the ultimate state of enlightenment.
+
♦ Thus, the [[tantric practice]] is the harnessing and the [[transformation]] of our strong basic [[energy]] of [[desire]] into the [[Wikipedia:Absolute (philosophy)|ultimate]] [[state of enlightenment]].
  
♦ Furthermore, in tantra, the practice of method and wisdom is done together at the same time, thereby reducing the time needed to attain full enlightenment.
+
♦ Furthermore, in [[tantra]], the practice of [[method and wisdom]] is done together at the same time, thereby reducing the time needed to attain [[full enlightenment]].
  
  
  
TANTRIC TEACHINGS ARE MORE RARE THAN BUDDHAS
+
TANTRIC TEACHINGS ARE MORE RARE THAN [[BUDDHAS]]
  
  
♦ 1,000 Buddhas will descend to give teachings, Shakyamuni Buddha is the 4th; Maitreya Buddha will be the 5th.
+
♦ 1,000 [[Buddhas]] will descend to give teachings, [[Shakyamuni Buddha]] is the 4th; [[Maitreya Buddha]] will be the 5th.
  
♦ During Shakyamuni Buddha’s time, He taught vajrayana to the bodhisattvas and beings of high mental capabilities.
+
♦ During [[Shakyamuni Buddha’s]] time, He [[taught]] [[vajrayana]] to the [[bodhisattvas]] and [[beings]] of high [[mental]] capabilities.
  
♦ Besides Shakyamuni Buddha, only 2 other buddhas may teach tantra, but this is not clearly indicated in the tantric texts. Hence vajrayana is more rare than buddhas.
+
♦ Besides [[Shakyamuni Buddha]], only 2 other [[buddhas]] may teach [[tantra]], but this is not clearly indicated in the [[tantric]] texts. Hence [[vajrayana]] is more rare than [[buddhas]].
  
♦ Since we now have the good karmic fortune to meet the tantric teaching from Shakyamuni Buddha, we should not miss out on this great opportunity.
+
♦ Since we now have the good [[karmic]] [[fortune]] to meet the [[tantric teaching]] from [[Shakyamuni Buddha]], we should not miss out on this great opportunity.
  
♦ The 2 other Buddhas are Lama Tzong Khapa coming as either the 7th or 11th Buddha, and the 1000th Buddha. These 2 future Buddhas have promised to teach whatever Shakyamuni Buddha has taught, and it it presumed that they will also teach tantra.
+
♦ The 2 other [[Buddhas]] are [[Lama]] [[Tzong Khapa]] coming as either the 7th or 11th [[Buddha]], and the 1000th [[Buddha]]. These 2 [[future Buddhas]] have promised to teach whatever [[Shakyamuni Buddha]] has [[taught]], and it it presumed that they will also teach [[tantra]].
  
  
Line 104: Line 104:
  
  
♦ Tantra is secret because if the mental disposition and merits of the person is not appropriate, then it is not suitable to practice. One must develop and hold firm faith in the tantric teachings.
+
[[Tantra]] is secret because if the [[mental]] disposition and [[merits]] of the [[person]] is not appropriate, then it is not suitable to practice. One must develop and hold firm [[faith]] in the [[tantric teachings]].
  
♦ Since tantric practice is secretive, it should not be shown to others or discussed openly.
+
♦ Since [[tantric practice]] is secretive, it should not be shown to others or discussed openly.
  
♦ Hinayana is practised externally. Sutrayana is practised internally. Vajrayana is practised secretly.
+
[[Hinayana]] is practised externally. [[Sutrayana]] is practised internally. [[Vajrayana]] is practised secretly.
  
  
Line 114: Line 114:
  
  
♦ To practice tantra purely, one needs the major prerequisites of having realization (or at least some good understanding) of the 3 principal aspects of the sutra path:
+
♦ To [[practice tantra]] purely, one needs the major prerequisites of having [[realization]] (or at least some good [[understanding]]) of the 3 [[principal]] aspects of the [[sutra path]]:
  
• Renunciation (cause of liberation from samsara)
+
[[Renunciation]] ([[cause]] of [[liberation from samsara]])
  
• Bodhichitta (cause of attaining full and complete enlightenment
+
[[Bodhichitta]] ([[cause]] of [[attaining]] full and [[complete enlightenment]]
  
• Wisdom (cause of cutting ignorance)
+
[[Wisdom]] ([[cause]] of cutting [[ignorance]])
  
♦ The motivation is based on extremely great compassion (not being able to bear having sentient beings suffer for even 1 second only), hence the great determination to attain enlightenment is the quickest possible way, in this very life time.
+
♦ The [[motivation]] is based on extremely [[great compassion]] (not being able to bear having [[sentient beings]] [[suffer]] for even 1 second only), hence the great [[determination]] to [[attain enlightenment]] is the quickest possible way, in this very [[life]] time.
  
♦ The tantic practice is grounded on the right view of emptiness. Without the wisdom of the right view, then the practice will not be effective, and may be dangerous.
+
♦ The tantic practice is grounded on the [[right view]] of [[emptiness]]. Without the [[wisdom]] of the [[right view]], then the practice will not be effective, and may be [[dangerous]].
  
♦ This is the Prasangika view of emptiness: dependent origination
+
♦ This is the [[Prasangika view]] of [[emptiness]]: [[dependent origination]]
  
♦ Tantra is based on the union of method and wisdom.
+
[[Tantra]] is based on the [[union of method and wisdom]].
  
  
Line 136: Line 136:
  
  
♦ All tantric practices can be grouped into one of the 4 classes :
+
♦ All [[tantric practices]] can be grouped into one of the 4 classes :
  
  
• Action (kriya) tantra Offf)
+
[[Action]] ([[kriya]]) [[tantra]] Offf)
  
• Performance (charya) tantra (TTuf)
+
• Performance ([[charya]]) [[tantra]] (TTuf)
  
• Yoga tantra ((T)
+
[[Yoga tantra]] ((T)
  
• Highest yoga (anuttara-yoga) tantra (uP)
+
[[Highest yoga]] ([[anuttara-yoga]]) [[tantra]] (uP)
  
  
Line 152: Line 152:
  
  
♦ The special characteristics of tantric practice are:
+
♦ The special [[characteristics]] of [[tantric practice]] are:
  
  
• Mainly mental visualization
+
• Mainly [[mental visualization]]
  
• Regarding Guru as Buddha (guru yoga)
+
• Regarding [[Guru as Buddha]] ([[guru yoga]])
  
• Viewing self as deity (deity yoga)
+
• Viewing [[self]] as [[deity]] ([[deity yoga]])
  
• See Guru and deity as non-dual (guru-deity yoga)
+
• See [[Guru]] and [[deity]] as [[non-dual]] ([[guru-deity]] [[yoga]])
  
  
♦ In daily activities, constantly maintaining divine pride & pure mind with the 4 complete purities:
+
♦ In daily [[activities]], constantly maintaining [[divine pride]] & [[pure mind]] with the 4 complete purities:
  
  
• Complete purity of body (as deity)
+
• Complete [[purity]] of [[body]] (as [[deity]])
  
• Complete purity of environment (as pureland/mandala)
+
• Complete [[purity]] of {{Wiki|environment}} (as pureland/mandala)
  
• Complete purity of enjoyment (as offering with bliss & voidness)
+
• Complete [[purity]] of [[enjoyment]] (as [[offering]] with [[bliss]] & [[voidness]])
  
• Complete purity of activities (body, speech and mind)
+
• Complete [[purity]] of [[activities]] ([[body, speech and mind]])
  
  
TAKING HIGHEST YOGA TANTRIC (HYT) INITIATIONS
+
TAKING HIGHEST [[YOGA]] TANTRIC (HYT) INITIATIONS
  
  
  
♦ The procedure for entering into tantra:
+
♦ The procedure for entering into [[tantra]]:
  
  
• Locate suitable & qualified tantric guru (vajra or initiation master)
+
• Locate suitable & qualified [[tantric guru]] ([[vajra]] or [[initiation]] [[master]])
  
• Take bodhisattva vows
+
• Take [[bodhisattva vows]]
  
• Take tantric initiation
+
• Take [[tantric initiation]]
  
• Take tantric vows (only for the 2 higher yoga tantra; & 6-session guru yoga)
+
• Take [[tantric vows]] (only for the 2 higher [[yoga tantra]]; & 6-session [[guru yoga]])
  
• Firm faith in the teachings
+
• Firm [[faith]] in the teachings
  
• Engaged in deity practice (daily sadhanas & activities)
+
• Engaged in [[deity practice]] (daily [[sadhanas]] & [[activities]])
  
  
Line 199: Line 199:
  
  
• Tantra is the uncommon path of Mahayana.
+
[[Tantra]] is the uncommon [[path]] of [[Mahayana]].
  
• Tantric teaching is extremely rare.
+
[[Tantric]] [[teaching]] is extremely rare.
  
• The quickest path to enlightenment.
+
• The quickest [[path to enlightenment]].
  
• Without firm foundation of the 3 principal aspects of the path, not possible to be successful in pure tantric practice
+
• Without firm foundation of the [[3 principal aspects of the path]], not possible to be successful in [[pure]] [[tantric practice]]
 
.
 
.
• The keys to attainments in tantric practice are guru yoga and keeping pure vows & samaya.
+
• The keys to [[attainments]] in [[tantric practice]] are [[guru yoga]] and keeping [[pure]] [[vows]] & [[samaya]].
  
• The practice is embedded in daily life activities.
+
• The practice is embedded in daily [[life]] [[activities]].
  
  

Revision as of 20:14, 6 February 2020



by Ven Tenzin Palzang



THE TEACHINGS OF SHAKYAMUNI BUDDHA


Buddha’s teachings (known in Sanskrit as Dharma-, that which holds us back from suffering and its causes) contain thousands of different methods for overcoming the mental and physical obstacles to our happiness and well-being.


Buddha gave these teachings while showing different aspects (forms), each designed to suit the aptitudes and temperaments of different types of sentient beings:


• As an ordained person • As Vajradhara or deity • Indirectly ♦ All these teachings can be grouped into the 3 vehicles (yanas): • Theravada vehicle (Cut-attachment) • Mahayana-Sutrayana (Non-attachment) • Mahayana-Tantrayana (Attachment) ♦ There are differences between these so-called vehicles, but the common foundation is the fundamentally pure nature of the mind. ♦ We can also classify these paths as common and uncommon paths: • Theravada vehicle (Common path) • Mahayana-Sutrayana (Common path) • Mahayana-Tantrayana (Uncommon Path)


THE MAHAYANA TEACHINGS


♦ The Mahayana (Great Vehicle) can be classified into 2 categories: • Sutra-vana ; also known as Paramita-yana (Perfection Vehicle) and as causal vehicle (HW


Vajra-yana (Diamond Vehicle also known as tantra-yana (Secret Vehicle W^), mantra-yana (tu^), and as resultant vehicle (-.!^W


THE SUTRAYANA


♦ The practice of Sutra-yana (Paramita-yana) involves and emphasizes on creating the causes - the accumulation of vast amount of merits and wisdom - before the future result of full enlightenment can be attained.

♦ Because of this, it is sometimes known as the “causal vehicle” to enlightenment.

♦ In paramita-yana, the practices of the accumulation of merits and wisdom are practised separately, hence it takes a very long time (3 countless great eons) to attain enlightenment.

♦ It takes one countless great eon to go from the Mahayana path of accumulation (merit) to the Mahayana path of seeing, or the first bhumi (ground). From the path of seeing to the 8th bhumi takes a second countless great eon; and from the 8th bhumi up to enlightenment takes a third great eon.

♦ According to sutrayana, the path to fulfillment is a gradual process of cleansing our mind of all its faults and limitations and developing in their place such beneficial qualities as love and wisdom.

♦ This path consists of creating specific causes - behaving ethically, developing our powers of concentration, training in meditative insight, 6 Perfections, and so forth - for the future attainment of full awakening.


THE VAJRAYANA


♦ Compared to this gradual sutra approach (taking 3 great eons for accumulation of merits and wisdom), tantrayana is a far speedier (swift) path to enlightenment.

♦ Although tantric practitioners do not neglect creating the same causes as the followers of sutra, they take the future result of full spiritual evolution (buddhahood) as the very starting point (method) in their path.

♦ In other words, the tantric yogi or yogini (as these supremely skillful practitioners are called in Sanskrit) learns to think, speak, and act now as if he or she were already a fully enlightened buddha.

♦ Because this powerful approach brings the future result of full awakening into the present moment of spiritual practice, tantra is sometimes called the “resultant vehicle” to enlightenment.

♦ Generally, because desirous attachment is the glue that holds us to samsara, it should be eliminated.

♦ The uniqueness of tantra it that is uses attachment to eliminate attachment.

♦ Just like lotus born from mud, nourished by mud, but not tainted by mud, similarly tantra uses attachment as the path of practice and yet not be tainted by attachment.

♦ Thus, the tantric practice is the harnessing and the transformation of our strong basic energy of desire into the ultimate state of enlightenment.

♦ Furthermore, in tantra, the practice of method and wisdom is done together at the same time, thereby reducing the time needed to attain full enlightenment.


TANTRIC TEACHINGS ARE MORE RARE THAN BUDDHAS


♦ 1,000 Buddhas will descend to give teachings, Shakyamuni Buddha is the 4th; Maitreya Buddha will be the 5th.

♦ During Shakyamuni Buddha’s time, He taught vajrayana to the bodhisattvas and beings of high mental capabilities.

♦ Besides Shakyamuni Buddha, only 2 other buddhas may teach tantra, but this is not clearly indicated in the tantric texts. Hence vajrayana is more rare than buddhas.

♦ Since we now have the good karmic fortune to meet the tantric teaching from Shakyamuni Buddha, we should not miss out on this great opportunity.

♦ The 2 other Buddhas are Lama Tzong Khapa coming as either the 7th or 11th Buddha, and the 1000th Buddha. These 2 future Buddhas have promised to teach whatever Shakyamuni Buddha has taught, and it it presumed that they will also teach tantra.


THE SECRECY OF TANTRIC TEACHINGS


Tantra is secret because if the mental disposition and merits of the person is not appropriate, then it is not suitable to practice. One must develop and hold firm faith in the tantric teachings.

♦ Since tantric practice is secretive, it should not be shown to others or discussed openly.

Hinayana is practised externally. Sutrayana is practised internally. Vajrayana is practised secretly.


PREREQUISITES FOR PRACTISING TANTRA


♦ To practice tantra purely, one needs the major prerequisites of having realization (or at least some good understanding) of the 3 principal aspects of the sutra path:

Renunciation (cause of liberation from samsara)

Bodhichitta (cause of attaining full and complete enlightenment

Wisdom (cause of cutting ignorance)

♦ The motivation is based on extremely great compassion (not being able to bear having sentient beings suffer for even 1 second only), hence the great determination to attain enlightenment is the quickest possible way, in this very life time.

♦ The tantic practice is grounded on the right view of emptiness. Without the wisdom of the right view, then the practice will not be effective, and may be dangerous.

♦ This is the Prasangika view of emptiness: dependent origination

Tantra is based on the union of method and wisdom.


THE 4 CLASSES OF TANTRA


♦ All tantric practices can be grouped into one of the 4 classes :


Action (kriya) tantra Offf)

• Performance (charya) tantra (TTuf)

Yoga tantra ((T)

Highest yoga (anuttara-yoga) tantra (uP)


SPECIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TANTRA


♦ The special characteristics of tantric practice are:


• Mainly mental visualization

• Regarding Guru as Buddha (guru yoga)

• Viewing self as deity (deity yoga)

• See Guru and deity as non-dual (guru-deity yoga)


♦ In daily activities, constantly maintaining divine pride & pure mind with the 4 complete purities:


• Complete purity of body (as deity)

• Complete purity of environment (as pureland/mandala)

• Complete purity of enjoyment (as offering with bliss & voidness)

• Complete purity of activities (body, speech and mind)


TAKING HIGHEST YOGA TANTRIC (HYT) INITIATIONS


♦ The procedure for entering into tantra:


• Locate suitable & qualified tantric guru (vajra or initiation master)

• Take bodhisattva vows

• Take tantric initiation

• Take tantric vows (only for the 2 higher yoga tantra; & 6-session guru yoga)

• Firm faith in the teachings

• Engaged in deity practice (daily sadhanas & activities)


SUMMARY


Tantra is the uncommon path of Mahayana.

Tantric teaching is extremely rare.

• The quickest path to enlightenment.

• Without firm foundation of the 3 principal aspects of the path, not possible to be successful in pure tantric practice . • The keys to attainments in tantric practice are guru yoga and keeping pure vows & samaya.

• The practice is embedded in daily life activities.



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