Difference between revisions of "Doctrine"
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<poem> | <poem> | ||
− | Doctrine (from Latin: doctrina) is a codification of beliefs or a body of teachings or instructions, taught principles or positions, as the body of teachings in a branch of knowledge or belief system. The Greek analogue is the etymology of catechism. | + | [[Doctrine]] (from Latin: doctrina) is a codification of [[beliefs]] or a [[body]] of teachings or instructions, taught {{Wiki|principles}} or positions, as the [[body]] of teachings in a branch of [[knowledge]] or [[belief]] system. The {{Wiki|Greek}} analogue is the {{Wiki|etymology}} of catechism. |
− | Often doctrine specifically connotes a corpus of religious dogma as it is promulgated by a church, but not necessarily: doctrine is also used to refer to a principle of law, in the common law traditions, established through a history of past decisions, such as the doctrine of self-defense, or the principle of fair use, or the more narrowly applicable first-sale doctrine. In some organizations, doctrine is simply defined as "that which is taught", in other words the basis for institutional teaching of its personnel internal ways of doing business. | + | Often [[doctrine]] specifically connotes a corpus of [[religious]] {{Wiki|dogma}} as it is promulgated by a {{Wiki|church}}, but not necessarily: [[doctrine]] is also used to refer to a [[principle]] of law, in the common law [[traditions]], established through a history of past decisions, such as the [[doctrine]] of self-defense, or the [[principle]] of fair use, or the more narrowly applicable first-sale [[doctrine]]. In some organizations, [[doctrine]] is simply defined as "that which is taught", in other words the basis for institutional [[teaching]] of its personnel internal ways of doing business. |
− | Religious usage | + | [[Religious]] usage |
− | Examples of religious doctrines include: | + | Examples of [[religious]] [[doctrines]] include: |
− | Christian Trinity and Virgin birth | + | {{Wiki|Christian}} {{Wiki|Trinity}} and Virgin [[birth]] |
− | Christian Original Sin and its cure, the Redemption of Jesus Christ | + | {{Wiki|Christian}} Original [[Sin]] and its cure, the Redemption of {{Wiki|Jesus Christ}} |
− | Roman Catholic Transubstantiation and Immaculate Conception | + | {{Wiki|Roman Catholic}} Transubstantiation and Immaculate {{Wiki|Conception}} |
Calvinist predestination | Calvinist predestination | ||
Methodist Prevenient Grace | Methodist Prevenient Grace | ||
− | Hinduism The Doctrine of epoch or Yuga | + | [[Hinduism]] The [[Doctrine]] of epoch or [[Yuga]] |
− | Jainism The Doctrine of Postulation or Syādvāda | + | [[Jainism]] The [[Doctrine]] of [[Postulation]] or Syādvāda |
− | Buddhist Doctrine | + | [[Buddhist Doctrine]] |
− | One department of the Roman Curia is called the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith. Also shows other doctrines involved in the shape of government and politics. | + | One department of the {{Wiki|Roman}} Curia is called the Congregation for the [[Doctrine]] of the [[Faith]]. Also shows other [[doctrines]] involved in the shape of government and politics. |
− | Military usage | + | {{Wiki|Military}} usage |
− | The term also applies to the concept of an established procedure to a complex operation in warfare. The typical example is tactical doctrine in which a standard set of maneuvers, kinds of troops and weapons are employed as a default approach to a kind of attack. | + | The term also applies to the {{Wiki|concept}} of an established procedure to a complex operation in warfare. The typical example is tactical [[doctrine]] in which a standard set of maneuvers, kinds of troops and [[weapons]] are employed as a default approach to a kind of attack. |
− | Examples of military doctrines include: | + | Examples of {{Wiki|military}} [[doctrines]] include: |
[[File:Kannon-1000-arms-c.jpg|thumb|250px|]] | [[File:Kannon-1000-arms-c.jpg|thumb|250px|]] | ||
− | Blitzkrieg of World War II | + | Blitzkrieg of [[World]] [[War]] II |
Guerre de course | Guerre de course | ||
Hit-and-run tactics | Hit-and-run tactics | ||
Mahanian of late 19th up to mid-20th century | Mahanian of late 19th up to mid-20th century | ||
− | Manhunting doctrine, or assured individual destruction | + | Manhunting [[doctrine]], or assured {{Wiki|individual}} destruction |
− | Reagan Doctrine of the Cold War | + | Reagan [[Doctrine]] of the {{Wiki|Cold War}} |
Shock and Awe | Shock and Awe | ||
− | Soviet deep battle of World War II | + | {{Wiki|Soviet}} deep battle of [[World]] [[War]] II |
− | Trench warfare of World War I | + | Trench warfare of {{Wiki|World War I}} |
− | Almost every military organization has its own doctrine, sometimes written, sometimes unwritten. Some military doctrines are transmitted through training programs. More recently, in modern peacekeeping operations, which involve both civilian and military operations, more comprehensive (not just military) doctrines are now emerging such as the 2008 United Nations peacekeeping operations' "Capstone Doctrine" which speaks to integrated civilian and military operations. | + | Almost every {{Wiki|military}} organization has its own [[doctrine]], sometimes written, sometimes unwritten. Some {{Wiki|military}} [[doctrines]] are transmitted through training programs. More recently, in {{Wiki|modern}} peacekeeping operations, which involve both civilian and {{Wiki|military}} operations, more comprehensive (not just {{Wiki|military}}) [[doctrines]] are now [[emerging]] such as the 2008 United Nations peacekeeping operations' "Capstone [[Doctrine]]" which speaks to integrated civilian and {{Wiki|military}} operations. |
− | Political | + | {{Wiki|Political}} |
− | A policy, position or principle advocated, taught or put into effect concerning the acquisition and exercise of the power to govern or administrate in society. | + | A policy, position or [[principle]] advocated, taught or put into effect concerning the acquisition and exercise of the power to govern or administrate in {{Wiki|society}}. |
Legal usage | Legal usage | ||
− | A legal doctrine is a body of inter-related rules (usually of common law and built over a long period of time) associated with a legal concept or principle. For example the doctrine of frustration of purpose now has many tests and rules applicable with regards to each other and can be contained within a "bubble" of frustration. In a court session a defendant may refer to the doctrine of justification. | + | A legal [[doctrine]] is a [[body]] of inter-related rules (usually of common law and built over a long period of [[time]]) associated with a legal {{Wiki|concept}} or [[principle]]. For example the [[doctrine]] of frustration of purpose now has many tests and rules applicable with regards to each other and can be contained within a "bubble" of frustration. In a court session a defendant may refer to the [[doctrine]] of justification. |
[[File:Youkihi-Kannon.jpg|thumb|250px|]] | [[File:Youkihi-Kannon.jpg|thumb|250px|]] | ||
− | It can be seen that a branch of law contains various doctrines, which in turn contain various rules or tests. The test of non-occurrence of crucial event is part of the doctrine of frustration which is part of contract law. Doctrines can grow into a branch of law; restitution is now considered a branch of law separate to contract and tort. | + | It can be seen that a branch of law contains various [[doctrines]], which in turn contain various rules or tests. The test of non-occurrence of crucial event is part of the [[doctrine]] of frustration which is part of contract law. [[Doctrines]] can grow into a branch of law; restitution is now considered a branch of law separate to contract and tort. |
Indoctrination | Indoctrination | ||
− | The term indoctrination came to have awkward connotations during the 20th century, but it is necessary to retain it, in order to distinguish it from education. In education one is asked to stand as much as possible outside the body of accumulated knowledge and analyze it oneself. In indoctrination on the other hand, one stands within the body of knowledge and absorbs its teachings without critical thought. | + | The term indoctrination came to have awkward connotations during the 20th century, but it is necessary to retain it, in order to distinguish it from [[education]]. In [[education]] one is asked to stand as much as possible outside the [[body]] of accumulated [[knowledge]] and analyze it oneself. In indoctrination on the other hand, one stands within the [[body]] of [[knowledge]] and absorbs its teachings without critical [[thought]]. |
</poem> | </poem> | ||
{{R}} | {{R}} | ||
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doctrine en.wikipedia.org] | [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doctrine en.wikipedia.org] | ||
[[Category:Buddhist Terms]] | [[Category:Buddhist Terms]] |
Latest revision as of 04:40, 20 December 2013
Doctrine (from Latin: doctrina) is a codification of beliefs or a body of teachings or instructions, taught principles or positions, as the body of teachings in a branch of knowledge or belief system. The Greek analogue is the etymology of catechism.
Often doctrine specifically connotes a corpus of religious dogma as it is promulgated by a church, but not necessarily: doctrine is also used to refer to a principle of law, in the common law traditions, established through a history of past decisions, such as the doctrine of self-defense, or the principle of fair use, or the more narrowly applicable first-sale doctrine. In some organizations, doctrine is simply defined as "that which is taught", in other words the basis for institutional teaching of its personnel internal ways of doing business.
Religious usage
Examples of religious doctrines include:
Christian Trinity and Virgin birth
Christian Original Sin and its cure, the Redemption of Jesus Christ
Roman Catholic Transubstantiation and Immaculate Conception
Calvinist predestination
Methodist Prevenient Grace
Hinduism The Doctrine of epoch or Yuga
Jainism The Doctrine of Postulation or Syādvāda
Buddhist Doctrine
One department of the Roman Curia is called the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith. Also shows other doctrines involved in the shape of government and politics.
Military usage
The term also applies to the concept of an established procedure to a complex operation in warfare. The typical example is tactical doctrine in which a standard set of maneuvers, kinds of troops and weapons are employed as a default approach to a kind of attack.
Examples of military doctrines include:
Blitzkrieg of World War II
Guerre de course
Hit-and-run tactics
Mahanian of late 19th up to mid-20th century
Manhunting doctrine, or assured individual destruction
Reagan Doctrine of the Cold War
Shock and Awe
Soviet deep battle of World War II
Trench warfare of World War I
Almost every military organization has its own doctrine, sometimes written, sometimes unwritten. Some military doctrines are transmitted through training programs. More recently, in modern peacekeeping operations, which involve both civilian and military operations, more comprehensive (not just military) doctrines are now emerging such as the 2008 United Nations peacekeeping operations' "Capstone Doctrine" which speaks to integrated civilian and military operations.
Political
A policy, position or principle advocated, taught or put into effect concerning the acquisition and exercise of the power to govern or administrate in society.
Legal usage
A legal doctrine is a body of inter-related rules (usually of common law and built over a long period of time) associated with a legal concept or principle. For example the doctrine of frustration of purpose now has many tests and rules applicable with regards to each other and can be contained within a "bubble" of frustration. In a court session a defendant may refer to the doctrine of justification.
It can be seen that a branch of law contains various doctrines, which in turn contain various rules or tests. The test of non-occurrence of crucial event is part of the doctrine of frustration which is part of contract law. Doctrines can grow into a branch of law; restitution is now considered a branch of law separate to contract and tort.
Indoctrination
The term indoctrination came to have awkward connotations during the 20th century, but it is necessary to retain it, in order to distinguish it from education. In education one is asked to stand as much as possible outside the body of accumulated knowledge and analyze it oneself. In indoctrination on the other hand, one stands within the body of knowledge and absorbs its teachings without critical thought.