Difference between revisions of "Sutra: Great Madhyamaka"
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| − | It is understood that there were three "Great" systems of the Buddha's teachings that were transmitted from Indian masters into Tibet. These three are: | + | It is understood that there were three "Great" systems of the [[Buddha's teachings]] that were transmitted from [[Indian]] [[masters]] into [[Tibet]]. These three are: |
| − | 1) Great Perfection or Dzogchen; | + | 1) [[Great Perfection]] or [[Dzogchen]]; |
| − | 2) Great Seal or Mahamudra; | + | 2) [[Great Seal]] or [[Mahamudra]]; |
| − | 3) Great Madhyamaka or Zhentong. | + | 3) [[Great Madhyamaka]] or [[Zhentong]]. |
| − | The Great Madhyamaka or Great Middle Way zhentong (shentong) system of the Jonang is in contrast to the General Madhyamaka system known as "Rangtong Madhyamaka." General Madhyamaka includes both Svatantrika and Prasangika Madhyamaka. Indian masters of this rangtong system include Buddhapalita, Bhavaviveka, Chandrakirti, Shantarakshita, and their disciples. Early Great Madhyamaka figures include the Regent Maitreya, Arya Asanga and his brother Vasubandhu, Dignaga, Dharmakirti, and their disciples. Though Nagarjuna explicitly taught Rangtong General Madhyamaka in his Collections of Reasoning, he also clearly expressed Zhentong Great Madhyamaka in works such as his Praise to the Ultimate Dimension of Reality. | + | [[The Great Madhyamaka]] or [[Great Middle Way]] [[zhentong]] ([[shentong]]) system of the [[Jonang]] is in contrast to the [[General Madhyamaka]] system known as "[[Rangtong]] [[Madhyamaka]]." [[General Madhyamaka]] includes both [[Svatantrika]] and [[Prasangika Madhyamaka]]. [[Indian]] [[masters]] of this [[rangtong]] system include [[Buddhapalita]], [[Bhavaviveka]], [[Chandrakirti]], [[Shantarakshita]], and their [[disciples]]. Early [[Great Madhyamaka]] figures include the Regent [[Maitreya]], [[Arya]] [[Asanga]] and his brother [[Vasubandhu]], [[Dignaga]], [[Dharmakirti]], and their [[disciples]]. Though [[Nagarjuna]] explicitly [[taught]] [[Rangtong]] [[General Madhyamaka]] in his Collections of {{Wiki|Reasoning}}, he also clearly expressed [[Zhentong]] [[Great Madhyamaka]] in works such as his Praise to the {{Wiki|Ultimate}} [[Dimension]] of [[Reality]]. |
| − | As Jetsun Taranatha writes in his text titled, An Ascertainment of the Two Systems, | + | As [[Jetsun Taranatha]] writes in his text titled, An Ascertainment of the Two Systems, |
| − | Accordingly, those who adhere to rangtong take the first wheel of the Buddha's teachings which is the Wheel of Dharma that teaches the Four Noble Truths to be provisional in meaning, the middle Wheel of Dharma that teaches the absence of characteristics as ultimately definitive in meaning, and the final excellently distinguished Wheel of Dharma as teaching the circumstantial definitive meaning, which is provisional in meaning. Those who uphold zhentong take the first Wheel of Dharma to be provisional, the middle Wheel of Dharma to teach the circumstantial definitive meaning, and the final Wheel of Dharma to teach to ultimate definitive meaning. | + | Accordingly, those who adhere to [[rangtong]] take the first [[wheel]] of the [[Buddha's teachings]] which is the [[Wheel of Dharma]] that teaches the [[Four Noble Truths]] to be provisional in meaning, the middle [[Wheel of Dharma]] that teaches the absence of [[characteristics]] as ultimately [[definitive in meaning]], and the final excellently {{Wiki|distinguished}} [[Wheel of Dharma]] as [[teaching]] the circumstantial [[definitive meaning]], which is provisional in meaning. Those who uphold [[zhentong]] take the first [[Wheel of Dharma]] to be provisional, the middle [[Wheel of Dharma]] to teach the circumstantial [[definitive meaning]], and the final [[Wheel of Dharma]] to teach to [[Wikipedia:Absolute (philosophy)|ultimate]] [[definitive meaning]]. |
| − | Taking the final wheel or third "turning" of the Buddha's teachings as definitive, the Great Madhyamaka system emphasizes the yogic or meditative approach while General Madhyamaka emphasizes an analytic approach. | + | Taking the final [[wheel]] or third "turning" of the [[Buddha's teachings]] as definitive, the [[Great Madhyamaka]] system emphasizes the [[yogic]] or [[meditative]] approach while [[General Madhyamaka]] emphasizes an analytic approach. |
</poem> | </poem> | ||
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Revision as of 16:57, 23 February 2015
It is understood that there were three "Great" systems of the Buddha's teachings that were transmitted from Indian masters into Tibet. These three are:
1) Great Perfection or Dzogchen;
2) Great Seal or Mahamudra;
3) Great Madhyamaka or Zhentong.
The Great Madhyamaka or Great Middle Way zhentong (shentong) system of the Jonang is in contrast to the General Madhyamaka system known as "Rangtong Madhyamaka." General Madhyamaka includes both Svatantrika and Prasangika Madhyamaka. Indian masters of this rangtong system include Buddhapalita, Bhavaviveka, Chandrakirti, Shantarakshita, and their disciples. Early Great Madhyamaka figures include the Regent Maitreya, Arya Asanga and his brother Vasubandhu, Dignaga, Dharmakirti, and their disciples. Though Nagarjuna explicitly taught Rangtong General Madhyamaka in his Collections of Reasoning, he also clearly expressed Zhentong Great Madhyamaka in works such as his Praise to the Ultimate Dimension of Reality.
As Jetsun Taranatha writes in his text titled, An Ascertainment of the Two Systems,
Accordingly, those who adhere to rangtong take the first wheel of the Buddha's teachings which is the Wheel of Dharma that teaches the Four Noble Truths to be provisional in meaning, the middle Wheel of Dharma that teaches the absence of characteristics as ultimately definitive in meaning, and the final excellently distinguished Wheel of Dharma as teaching the circumstantial definitive meaning, which is provisional in meaning. Those who uphold zhentong take the first Wheel of Dharma to be provisional, the middle Wheel of Dharma to teach the circumstantial definitive meaning, and the final Wheel of Dharma to teach to ultimate definitive meaning.
Taking the final wheel or third "turning" of the Buddha's teachings as definitive, the Great Madhyamaka system emphasizes the yogic or meditative approach while General Madhyamaka emphasizes an analytic approach.
