Difference between revisions of "Four appearances"
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
[[File:Fj4.jpg|thumb|250px|]] | [[File:Fj4.jpg|thumb|250px|]] | ||
<poem> | <poem> | ||
| − | '''four appearances (四相)'''. | + | '''[[four appearances]] (四相)'''. |
| − | A. The four appearances of any saṁskṛta dharma are the four stages of a process: | + | A. The [[four appearances]] of any [[saṁskṛta dharma]] are the four stages of a process: |
| − | (1) arising, | + | (1) [[arising]], |
(2) continuing, | (2) continuing, | ||
(3) changing, and | (3) changing, and | ||
| − | (4) ending. In the case of a sentient being, these four are ( | + | (4) ending. In the case of a [[sentient being]], these four are ( |
| − | (1) birth, | + | (1) [[birth]], |
| − | (2) aging, | + | (2) [[aging]], |
| − | (3) illness, and | + | (3) {{Wiki|illness}}, and |
| − | (4) death (see ten appearances). In the case of a world, these four are | + | (4) [[death]] (see [[ten appearances]]). In the case of a [[world]], these four are |
(1) formation, | (1) formation, | ||
(2) continuation, | (2) continuation, | ||
(3) destruction, and | (3) destruction, and | ||
| − | (4) void. | + | (4) [[void]]. |
| − | B. The four appearances in the Diamond Sūtra (T08n0235) are the self-images of a sentient being: | + | B. The [[four appearances]] in the [[Diamond Sūtra]] (T08n0235) are the self-images of a [[sentient being]]: |
| − | (1) an autonomous self, which relates to everything conceived or perceived as non-self; | + | (1) an autonomous [[self]], which relates to everything [[conceived]] or [[perceived]] as [[non-self]]; |
| − | (2) a human being with something in common with or different from other human beings; | + | (2) a [[human being]] with something in common with or different from other [[human beings]]; |
| − | (3) a sentient being with something in common with or different from other sentient beings; | + | (3) a [[sentient being]] with something in common with or different from other [[sentient beings]]; |
| − | (4) an everlasting soul that remains the same as it assumes different bodies for different lives. The latter three self-images are derived from the first. They are also called the four views (四見). A fifth self-image is given in the Buddha Store Sūtra (T15n0653, 0799b22–23): (5) a living being with a lifespan to terminate, preserve, or prolong. | + | (4) an everlasting [[soul]] that remains the same as it assumes different [[bodies]] for different [[lives]]. The [[latter]] three self-images are derived from the first. They are also called the four [[views]] (四見). A fifth {{Wiki|self-image}} is given in the [[Buddha]] Store [[Sūtra]] (T15n0653, 0799b22–23): (5) a [[living being]] with a [[lifespan]] to terminate, preserve, or prolong. |
</poem> | </poem> | ||
{{R}} | {{R}} | ||
Latest revision as of 00:40, 17 March 2015
four appearances (四相).
A. The four appearances of any saṁskṛta dharma are the four stages of a process:
(1) arising,
(2) continuing,
(3) changing, and
(4) ending. In the case of a sentient being, these four are (
(1) birth,
(2) aging,
(3) illness, and
(4) death (see ten appearances). In the case of a world, these four are
(1) formation,
(2) continuation,
(3) destruction, and
(4) void.
B. The four appearances in the Diamond Sūtra (T08n0235) are the self-images of a sentient being:
(1) an autonomous self, which relates to everything conceived or perceived as non-self;
(2) a human being with something in common with or different from other human beings;
(3) a sentient being with something in common with or different from other sentient beings;
(4) an everlasting soul that remains the same as it assumes different bodies for different lives. The latter three self-images are derived from the first. They are also called the four views (四見). A fifth self-image is given in the Buddha Store Sūtra (T15n0653, 0799b22–23): (5) a living being with a lifespan to terminate, preserve, or prolong.
