Difference between revisions of "Four great canonical languages"
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| − | The general [[belief]] is that {{Wiki|ancient India}} had 340 different [[languages]]. Among them were '''[[four great canonical languages]]''' (Tib. {{BigTibetan|[[སྐད་རིགས་ཆེན་པོ་མི་འདྲ་བ་བཞི།]]}}) in the [[sense]] that [[sutra]]s and [[shastra]]s were composed in them: [[Sanskrit]], [[Prākrit]], [[Apabhraṃśa]] and Piśāci. [[Sutras]] and treatises were written in all of these [[languages]]. [[Sanskrit]] is considered the most important among them and is known as the [[divine]] [[language]] (Tib. {{BigTibetan|[[ལྷའི་སྐད།]]}}), the [[language]] that all [[buddha]]s of the three times spoke in the {{Wiki|past}}, are {{Wiki|speaking}} in the {{Wiki|present}} and will speak in the {{Wiki|future}}. The [[Tibetan]] [[translators]] have translated the term [[Sanskrit]] with ‘well composed’ (Tib. {{BigTibetan|[[ལེགས་སྦྱར།]]}}).<ref>{{Nolinking|Khenpo Chöga’s oral explanation, Andreas Kretschmar, Drops of Nectar, Ch.1 p.392.}}</ref> | + | |
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| + | The general [[belief]] is that {{Wiki|ancient India}} had 340 different [[languages]]. Among them were '''[[four great canonical languages]]''' (Tib. {{BigTibetan|[[སྐད་རིགས་ཆེན་པོ་མི་འདྲ་བ་བཞི།]]}}) in the [[sense]] that [[sutra]]s and [[shastra]]s were composed in them: [[Sanskrit]], [[Prākrit]], [[Apabhraṃśa]] and Piśāci. [[Sutras]] and treatises were written in all of these [[languages]]. [[Sanskrit]] | ||
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| + | is considered the most important among them and is known as the [[divine]] [[language]] (Tib. {{BigTibetan|[[ལྷའི་སྐད།]]}}), the [[language]] that all [[buddha]]s of the three times spoke in the {{Wiki|past}}, are {{Wiki|speaking}} in the {{Wiki|present}} and will speak in the | ||
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| + | {{Wiki|future}}. The [[Tibetan]] [[translators]] have translated the term [[Sanskrit]] with ‘well composed’ (Tib. {{BigTibetan|[[ལེགས་སྦྱར།]]}}).<ref>{{Nolinking|Khenpo Chöga’s oral explanation, Andreas Kretschmar, Drops of Nectar, Ch.1 p.392.}}</ref> | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
==Further Reading== | ==Further Reading== | ||
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{{Nolinking|*[[Khenpo Kunzang Palden|Khenpo Kunpal]], ''[[Drops of Nectar|The Nectar of Manjushri’s Speech]], a Detailed Commentary on [[Shantideva]]’s [[Bodhicharyavatara|Way of the Bodhisattva]]'', p.29 and Note 42, p.446, Translated by the Padmakara Translation Group, published by Shambhala, ISBN 978-1-59030-439-6. | {{Nolinking|*[[Khenpo Kunzang Palden|Khenpo Kunpal]], ''[[Drops of Nectar|The Nectar of Manjushri’s Speech]], a Detailed Commentary on [[Shantideva]]’s [[Bodhicharyavatara|Way of the Bodhisattva]]'', p.29 and Note 42, p.446, Translated by the Padmakara Translation Group, published by Shambhala, ISBN 978-1-59030-439-6. | ||
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*Khenpo Kunpal’s Commentary – [[Drops of Nectar]] - on [[Shantideva]]’s [[Bodhicharyavatara|Entering the Conduct of the Bodhisattvas]], Volume One, p.209. Translated by Andreas Kretschmar. See link below.}} | *Khenpo Kunpal’s Commentary – [[Drops of Nectar]] - on [[Shantideva]]’s [[Bodhicharyavatara|Entering the Conduct of the Bodhisattvas]], Volume One, p.209. Translated by Andreas Kretschmar. See link below.}} | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
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*[http://www.kunpal.com/ You can download the first five chapters of Khenpo Kunpal’s commentary on the Bodhicharyavatara, Drops of Nectar, offered freely as a gift of dharma.] | *[http://www.kunpal.com/ You can download the first five chapters of Khenpo Kunpal’s commentary on the Bodhicharyavatara, Drops of Nectar, offered freely as a gift of dharma.] | ||
*[http://www.lotsawahouse.org/tibetan-masters/sakya-masters/khenpo-shenga/notes-from-miscellaneous-writings Notes from the Miscellaneous Writings of Khenpo Shenga] | *[http://www.lotsawahouse.org/tibetan-masters/sakya-masters/khenpo-shenga/notes-from-miscellaneous-writings Notes from the Miscellaneous Writings of Khenpo Shenga] | ||
Latest revision as of 20:16, 11 December 2023
The general belief is that ancient India had 340 different languages. Among them were four great canonical languages (Tib. སྐད་རིགས་ཆེན་པོ་མི་འདྲ་བ་བཞི།) in the sense that sutras and shastras were composed in them: Sanskrit, Prākrit, Apabhraṃśa and Piśāci. Sutras and treatises were written in all of these languages. Sanskrit
is considered the most important among them and is known as the divine language (Tib. ལྷའི་སྐད།), the language that all buddhas of the three times spoke in the past, are speaking in the present and will speak in the
future. The Tibetan translators have translated the term Sanskrit with ‘well composed’ (Tib. ལེགས་སྦྱར།).[1]
Footnotes
- ↑ Khenpo Chöga’s oral explanation, Andreas Kretschmar, Drops of Nectar, Ch.1 p.392.
Further Reading
- Khenpo Kunpal, The Nectar of Manjushri’s Speech, a Detailed Commentary on Shantideva’s Way of the Bodhisattva, p.29 and Note 42, p.446, Translated by the Padmakara Translation Group, published by Shambhala, ISBN 978-1-59030-439-6.
- Khenpo Kunpal’s Commentary – Drops of Nectar - on Shantideva’s Entering the Conduct of the Bodhisattvas, Volume One, p.209. Translated by Andreas Kretschmar. See link below.
External Links
- You can download the first five chapters of Khenpo Kunpal’s commentary on the Bodhicharyavatara, Drops of Nectar, offered freely as a gift of dharma.
- Notes from the Miscellaneous Writings of Khenpo Shenga
