Difference between revisions of "Kanheri Caves"
(Created page with "thumb|250px|The Vihara in the cave The Kanheri Caves constitute a group of rock-cut monuments that are located north of Borivali on the western ou...") |
|||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
[[File:Kanheri-cave-90.jpg|thumb|250px|The Vihara in the cave]] | [[File:Kanheri-cave-90.jpg|thumb|250px|The Vihara in the cave]] | ||
| − | The Kanheri Caves constitute a group of rock-cut monuments that are located north of Borivali on the western outskirts of Mumbai, India. Deep within the green forests of the Sanjay Gandhi National Park, the | + | The Kanheri [[Caves]] constitute a group of rock-cut monuments that are located north of Borivali on the western outskirts of Mumbai, [[India]]. Deep within the green forests of the Sanjay Gandhi National Park, the [[Caves]] are 6 km from the main gate & 7 km from Borivali Station. Tourists can enter after 7:30 a.m. The Kanheri [[Caves]] demonstrate the [[Buddhist]] influence on the [[Art]] and culture of [[India]]. Kanheri comes from the [[Sanskrit]] Krishnagiri, which means black mountain. They were chiseled out of a massive basaltic rock outcropping. |
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
| − | These | + | These [[Caves]] date from the first century BCE to the 10th century CE. One hundred nine [[Caves]] have been carved from the basalt. Unlike the elegant splendor of the adjacent Elephanta [[Caves]], the earlier cells are spartan and unadorned. Each cave has a stone plinth for a bed. A congregation hall with huge stone pillars contains the [[Stupa]], a [[Buddhist]] shrine. Farther up the hill are canals and cisterns, the remains of an ancient system that channeled rainwater into huge tanks. Once the [[Caves]] were converted to permanent [[Monasteries]], the rock was carved with intricate reliefs of [[Buddha]] and the [[Bodhisattvas]]. Kanheri had become an important [[Buddhist]] settlement on the Konkan coast by the 3rd century A.D. |
| − | Most of the | + | Most of the [[Caves]] are used as the [[Buddhist]] viharas, meant for living, studying, and meditating. The larger [[Caves]] were chaityas, or halls for congregational worship; are lined with intricately carved [[Buddhist]] sculptures, reliefs and pillars; and contain rock-cut [[Stupas]] for congregational worship. The Avalokiteshwara is the most distinctive figure. The large number of viharas demonstrates the well organized establishment of [[Buddhist]] [[Monks]]. This establishment was also connected with many trade centers, such as the ports of Sopara, Kalyan, Nasik, Paithan and Ujjain. Kanheri was a University center by the [[Time]] the area was under the rule of the Maurayan and Kushan empires. In the late 10th century, the [[Buddhist]] [[Teacher]] [[Atisha]] (980-1054) came to the Krishnagiri [[Vihara]] to study [[Buddhist]] [[Meditation]] under [[Rahulagupta]]. |
==Inscriptions at Kanheri== | ==Inscriptions at Kanheri== | ||
| − | Nearly 51 legible inscriptions and 26 epigraphs are found at Kanheri, which include the inscriptions in Brahmi, Devanagari and 3 Pahlavi epigraphs found in Cave 90. One of the significant inscriptions mentions about the | + | Nearly 51 legible inscriptions and 26 epigraphs are found at Kanheri, which include the inscriptions in Brahmi, Devanagari and 3 Pahlavi epigraphs found in Cave 90. One of the significant inscriptions mentions about the [[Marriage]] of Satavahana ruler Vashishtiputra Satakarni with the daughter of Rudradaman I. |
| − | ==Paintings in the | + | ==Paintings in the [[Caves]]== |
[[File:Kanheri-cave-34-buddha-painting.jpg|thumb|250px|Unfinished painting on ceiling of cave 34.]] | [[File:Kanheri-cave-34-buddha-painting.jpg|thumb|250px|Unfinished painting on ceiling of cave 34.]] | ||
| − | Cave number 34 has unfinished paintings of Buddha on the ceiling of the cave. | + | Cave number 34 has unfinished paintings of [[Buddha]] on the ceiling of the cave. |
==Location== | ==Location== | ||
| − | The | + | The [[Caves]] are located deep inside Sanjay Gandhi National Park. Bus transport is available every hour. Visitors must pay entry fees at the park gate and at the cave entrance. |
| − | ==Around the | + | ==Around the [[Caves]]== |
| − | Kanheri | + | Kanheri [[Caves]] offer picnickers a getaway, especially during the rainy season. The hilly terrain of the [[Caves]] creates several large and small waterfalls. The road from the entry point of Sanjay Gandhi National Park to Kanheri [[Caves]] is bisected by streams where families can enjoy lazy weekend gatherings. |
{{W}} | {{W}} | ||
Revision as of 13:30, 23 June 2013
The Kanheri Caves constitute a group of rock-cut monuments that are located north of Borivali on the western outskirts of Mumbai, India. Deep within the green forests of the Sanjay Gandhi National Park, the Caves are 6 km from the main gate & 7 km from Borivali Station. Tourists can enter after 7:30 a.m. The Kanheri Caves demonstrate the Buddhist influence on the Art and culture of India. Kanheri comes from the Sanskrit Krishnagiri, which means black mountain. They were chiseled out of a massive basaltic rock outcropping.
Description
These Caves date from the first century BCE to the 10th century CE. One hundred nine Caves have been carved from the basalt. Unlike the elegant splendor of the adjacent Elephanta Caves, the earlier cells are spartan and unadorned. Each cave has a stone plinth for a bed. A congregation hall with huge stone pillars contains the Stupa, a Buddhist shrine. Farther up the hill are canals and cisterns, the remains of an ancient system that channeled rainwater into huge tanks. Once the Caves were converted to permanent Monasteries, the rock was carved with intricate reliefs of Buddha and the Bodhisattvas. Kanheri had become an important Buddhist settlement on the Konkan coast by the 3rd century A.D.
Most of the Caves are used as the Buddhist viharas, meant for living, studying, and meditating. The larger Caves were chaityas, or halls for congregational worship; are lined with intricately carved Buddhist sculptures, reliefs and pillars; and contain rock-cut Stupas for congregational worship. The Avalokiteshwara is the most distinctive figure. The large number of viharas demonstrates the well organized establishment of Buddhist Monks. This establishment was also connected with many trade centers, such as the ports of Sopara, Kalyan, Nasik, Paithan and Ujjain. Kanheri was a University center by the Time the area was under the rule of the Maurayan and Kushan empires. In the late 10th century, the Buddhist Teacher Atisha (980-1054) came to the Krishnagiri Vihara to study Buddhist Meditation under Rahulagupta.
Inscriptions at Kanheri
Nearly 51 legible inscriptions and 26 epigraphs are found at Kanheri, which include the inscriptions in Brahmi, Devanagari and 3 Pahlavi epigraphs found in Cave 90. One of the significant inscriptions mentions about the Marriage of Satavahana ruler Vashishtiputra Satakarni with the daughter of Rudradaman I.
Paintings in the Caves
Cave number 34 has unfinished paintings of Buddha on the ceiling of the cave.
Location
The Caves are located deep inside Sanjay Gandhi National Park. Bus transport is available every hour. Visitors must pay entry fees at the park gate and at the cave entrance.
Around the Caves
Kanheri Caves offer picnickers a getaway, especially during the rainy season. The hilly terrain of the Caves creates several large and small waterfalls. The road from the entry point of Sanjay Gandhi National Park to Kanheri Caves is bisected by streams where families can enjoy lazy weekend gatherings.
