Difference between revisions of "Vihiṃsā"
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| − | '''Vihiṃsā''' (Sanskrit; Tibetan phonetic: ''nampar tsewa'') is a [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] term translated as "malice", "hostility", or "cruelty". It is identified as one of the [[Mental factors#Twenty secondary unwholesome factors|twenty subsidiary unwholesome mental factors]] within the [[Mahayana]] [[Abhidharma]] teachings. In this context, it is defined as the category of [[anger]] ([[Pratigha]]) or aversion ([[Dvesha]]), and functions to treat others abusively and without compassion. | + | '''[[Vihiṃsā]]''' ([[Sanskrit]]; [[Tibetan]] phonetic: ''nampar tsewa'') is a [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] term translated as "[[malice]]", "[[hostility]]", or "[[cruelty]]". It is identified as one of the [[Mental factors#Twenty secondary unwholesome factors|twenty subsidiary unwholesome mental factors]] within the [[Mahayana]] [[Abhidharma]] teachings. In this context, it is defined as the category of [[anger]] ([[Pratigha]]) or [[aversion]] ([[Dvesha]]), and functions to treat others abusively and without [[compassion]]. |
[[File:Hell re.jpg|thumb|250px|]] | [[File:Hell re.jpg|thumb|250px|]] | ||
==Definitions== | ==Definitions== | ||
The [[Abhidharma-samuccaya]] states: | The [[Abhidharma-samuccaya]] states: | ||
| − | :What is [[vihiṃsā]]? It belongs to the [[emotion]] [[anger]] ([[Pratigha]]), lacks loving kindness, pity, and affection, and has the function of treating others abusively. | + | :What is [[vihiṃsā]]? It belongs to the [[emotion]] [[anger]] ([[Pratigha]]), lacks [[loving kindness]], pity, and affection, and has the function of treating others abusively. |
| − | Herbert Guenther explains: | + | {{Wiki|Herbert Guenther}} explains: |
| − | :It is the desire to treat others abusively (40b) without having kind [[feelings]] towards living beings. | + | :It is the [[desire]] to treat others abusively (40b) without having kind [[feelings]] towards [[living beings]]. |
[[Mipham Rinpoche]] states: | [[Mipham Rinpoche]] states: | ||
| − | :[[Vihiṃsā]] belongs to the category of anger ([[Pratigha]]). Its function is to be uncompassionate an to cause harm | + | :[[Vihiṃsā]] belongs to the category of [[anger]] ([[Pratigha]]). Its function is to be uncompassionate an to [[cause]] harm |
[[Alexander Berzin]] explains: | [[Alexander Berzin]] explains: | ||
| − | :Cruelty (rnam-par ‘tshe-ba) is a part of hostility ([[Dvesha]]) and has three forms. | + | :Cruelty (rnam-par ‘tshe-ba) is a part of [[hostility]] ([[Dvesha]]) and has three forms. |
| − | :* Hooliganism (snying-rje-ba med-pa) is a cruel lack of compassion with which we wish to cause mischief or harm to others. | + | :* {{Wiki|Hooliganism}} (snying-rje-ba med-pa) is a {{Wiki|cruel}} lack of [[compassion]] with which we wish to [[cause]] mischief or harm to others. |
| − | :* Self-destructiveness (snying-brtse-ba med-pa) is a cruel lack of self-love with which we wish to cause mischief or harm to ourselves. | + | :* Self-destructiveness (snying-brtse-ba med-pa) is a {{Wiki|cruel}} lack of self-love with which we wish to [[cause]] mischief or harm to ourselves. |
| − | :* Taking perverse pleasure (brtse-ba med-pa) is cruelly rejoicing when seeing or hearing of others’ [[Suffering]]. | + | :* Taking perverse [[pleasure]] (brtse-ba med-pa) is {{Wiki|cruelly}} [[rejoicing]] when [[seeing]] or [[hearing]] of others’ [[Suffering]]. |
{{W}} | {{W}} | ||
Revision as of 19:43, 25 August 2013
Vihiṃsā (Sanskrit; Tibetan phonetic: nampar tsewa) is a Buddhist term translated as "malice", "hostility", or "cruelty". It is identified as one of the twenty subsidiary unwholesome mental factors within the Mahayana Abhidharma teachings. In this context, it is defined as the category of anger (Pratigha) or aversion (Dvesha), and functions to treat others abusively and without compassion.
Definitions
The Abhidharma-samuccaya states:
- What is vihiṃsā? It belongs to the emotion anger (Pratigha), lacks loving kindness, pity, and affection, and has the function of treating others abusively.
Herbert Guenther explains:
- It is the desire to treat others abusively (40b) without having kind feelings towards living beings.
Mipham Rinpoche states:
- Vihiṃsā belongs to the category of anger (Pratigha). Its function is to be uncompassionate an to cause harm
Alexander Berzin explains:
- Cruelty (rnam-par ‘tshe-ba) is a part of hostility (Dvesha) and has three forms.
- Hooliganism (snying-rje-ba med-pa) is a cruel lack of compassion with which we wish to cause mischief or harm to others.
- Self-destructiveness (snying-brtse-ba med-pa) is a cruel lack of self-love with which we wish to cause mischief or harm to ourselves.
- Taking perverse pleasure (brtse-ba med-pa) is cruelly rejoicing when seeing or hearing of others’ Suffering.
