The King of Samādhis Sūtra - Glossary

</poem> Ābhāsvara —

Ābhāsvara

The highest of the three paradises that are the second dhyāna paradises in the form realm.

1 passage contains this term 1 g.2 Abhāva dngos po med pa las byung · dngos po med pa las byung ba

དངོས་པོ་མེད་པ་ལས་བྱུང་། · དངོས་པོ་མེད་པ་ལས་བྱུང་བ།

Abhāva · Abhāva­samudgata

A buddha countless eons in the past.

11 passages contain this term 1234567891011 g.3 Abhirati mngon par dga’ ba

མངོན་པར་དགའ་བ།

Abhirati

The realm of Buddha Akṣobhya, beyond countless buddha realms in the eastern direction.

5 passages contain this term 12345 g.4 Absence of aspiration smon pa med pa

སྨོན་པ་མེད་པ།

apraṇihita

The absence of any conceptual goal that one is focused upon achieving, knowing that all composite phenomena create suffering. One of the three doorways to liberation.

g.5 Absence of attributes mtshan ma ma mchis pa · mtshan ma med pa

མཚན་མ་མ་མཆིས་པ། · མཚན་མ་མེད་པ།

animitta

The absence of the conceptual identification of perceptions. Knowing that the true nature has no attributes, such as color, shape, etc. One of the three doorways to liberation.

g.6 Ācārya slob dpon

སློབ་དཔོན།

ācārya

A spiritual teacher, meaning one who knows the conduct or practice (carya) to be performed. It can also be a title for a scholar, though that is not the context in this sūtra.

g.7 Acintya­praṇidhāna­viśeṣa­samudgata­rāja smon lam bsam gyis mi khyab pa khyad par du ’phags pa’i rgyal po

སྨོན་ལམ་བསམ་གྱིས་མི་ཁྱབ་པ་ཁྱད་པར་དུ་འཕགས་པའི་རྒྱལ་པོ།

Acintya­praṇidhāna­viśeṣa­samudgata­rāja

A buddha countless eons in the past.

Finding passages containing this term... g.8 Affliction nyon mongs

ཉོན་མོངས།

kleśa

See “kleśa.”

g.9 Aggregate of correct conduct tshul khrims kyi phung po

ཚུལ་ཁྲིམས་ཀྱི་ཕུང་པོ།

—

One of the five undefiled aggregates (zag med kyi phung po lnga), the others being the aggregates of concentration (samādhi), discriminative awareness (prajñā), liberation (vimukti), and insight of the primordial wisdom of liberation (vimukti­jñāna­darśana).

g.10 Agnīśvara me yi dbang phyug

མེ་ཡི་དབང་ཕྱུག

Agnīśvara

g.11 Ailavila Ir bir

ཨཱིར་བིར།

Ailavila

Synonymous with Kubera, who, in this sūtra, is distinct from Vaiśravaṇa. The name Ailavila is derived from his mother, and means “the son of Ilavilā.”

g.12 Ajita mi pham pa

མི་ཕམ་པ།

Ajita

The other name of Maitreya (or Maitraka), the bodhisattva who will be the fifth buddha of the Good Eon.

g.13 Akaniṣṭha ’og min

འོག་མིན།

Akaniṣṭha

The highest of the seventeen paradises in the form realm. Within the form realm it is the highest of the eight paradises of the fourth dhyāna. Within the fourth dhyāna it is the highest of the five Śuddhāvāsika (pure abode) paradises.

g.14 Akṣobhya mi ’khrugs pa

མི་འཁྲུགས་པ།

Akṣobhya

The buddha in the eastern realm, Abhirati. Akṣobhya, who in the higher tantras is the head of one the five buddha families, the vajra family in the east, was well-known early in the Mahāyāna tradition.

g.15 Alakavatī lcang lo can

ལྕང་ལོ་ཅན།

Alakavatī

The world of yakṣas ruled over by Kubera.

g.16 Amaranth ku ra ba ka

ཀུ་ར་བ་ཀ

kurabaka

g.17 Amitābha ’od dpag mad

འོད་དཔག་མད།

Amitābha

The buddha of the western realm of Sukhāvatī. In the sūtras more commonly known as Amitāyus.

g.18 Amitāyus tshe dpag med

ཚེ་དཔག་མེད།

Amitāyus

The buddha in the realm of Sukhāvatī. Later and presently, he is better known by his alternative name, Amitābha. Not to be confused with the buddha of long life, Aparimitāyus, whose name has been incorrectly back-translated into Sanskrit as Amitāyus also.

g.19 Amoghadarśin mthong na don yod

མཐོང་ན་དོན་ཡོད།

Amoghadarśin · Amogha

A bodhisattva who appears in Mahāyāna sūtras.

Finding passages containing this term... g.20 An Adornment for the Precious Path to Liberation dam chos yid bzhin nor bu thar pa rin po che’i rgyan

དམ་ཆོས་ཡིད་བཞིན་ནོར་བུ་ཐར་པ་རིན་པོ་ཆེའི་རྒྱན།

—

A celebrated text on the graduated path by Gampopa, also known as the Dakpo Thargyen (dwags po thar rgyan).

Finding passages containing this term... g.21 Ānanda kun dga’ bo

ཀུན་དགའ་བོ།

Ānanda

Buddha Śākyamuni’s cousin, who was his attendant for the last twenty years of his life. He was the subject of criticism and opposition from the monastic community after the Buddha’s passing, but eventually succeeded to the position of the patriarch of Buddhism in India after the passing of the first patriarch, Mahākaśyapa.

Finding passages containing this term... g.22 Ananta mtha’ yas

མཐའ་ཡས།

Ananta

One of the principal nāga kings. Also known as Śeṣa or Anataśeṣa. Considered the source of Patañjali grammar in Buddhism. In Vaiśnavism he is the serpent that Viṣṇu rests upon in between the creations of worlds.

Finding passages containing this term... g.23 Anantaghoṣa mtha’ yas dbyangs

མཐའ་ཡས་དབྱངས།

Anantaghoṣa

The name of two separate buddhas from whom Śākyamuni received the Samādhirāja in previous lifetimes.

Finding passages containing this term... g.24 Anantanetra mtha’ yas spyan

མཐའ་ཡས་སྤྱན།

Anantanetra

Finding passages containing this term... g.25 Ananta­jñānanottara ye shes bla ma mtha’ yas pa

ཡེ་ཤེས་བླ་མ་མཐའ་ཡས་པ།

Ananta­jñānanottara

Finding passages containing this term... g.26 Anavatapta ma dros pa

མ་དྲོས་པ།

Anavatapta

The nāga king who is said to dwell in Lake Mansarovar near Kailash.

Finding passages containing this term... g.27 Aṅgiras ang gi ra

ཨང་གི་ར།

Aṅgiras · Aṅgirasā · Aṅgirasa

The rishi who is said to have composed most of the fourth Veda, the Atharvaveda.

Finding passages containing this term... g.28 Aniruddha ma ’gags pa

མ་འགགས་པ།

Aniruddha

The Buddha’s cousin, and one of his ten principal pupils. Renowned for his clairvoyance.

Finding passages containing this term... g.29 Apalāla sog med

སོག་མེད།

Apalāla

Nāga king who became a pupil of the Buddha.

Finding passages containing this term... g.30 Apramāṇābha ’tshad med ’od

འཚད་མེད་འོད།

Apramāṇābha

The second of the three paradises that are the second dhyāna paradises in the form realm.

Finding passages containing this term... g.31 Apramāṇaśubha dge chung

དགེ་ཆུང་།

Apramāṇaśubha · Aparimitaśubha

The second of the three paradises that are the third dhyāna paradises in the form realm.

Finding passages containing this term... g.32 Apsaras lha mo

ལྷ་མོ།

apsaras

In this sūtra, “apsaras” (or “apsarases” in plural) is synonymous with devī, the female equivalent of deva. In Indian culture, it is also the name for goddesses of the clouds and water, and the wives of the gandharvas.

Finding passages containing this term... g.33 Arhat dgra bcom pa

དགྲ་བཅོམ་པ།

arhat

Used both as an epithet of the Buddha and to mean the final accomplishment of early Buddhism, or the Hīnayāna.

Finding passages containing this term... g.34 Asaṃkhyeya grangs med pa

གྲངས་མེད་པ།

asaṃkhyeya

This eon is literally called “incalculable” but nevertheless has a calculated span of time and therefore, to avoid confusion, its Sanskrit name is used here. The number of years in an asaṃkhyeya eon differs in various sūtras. Twenty “intermediate eons” are said to be one asaṃkhyeya eon, and four asaṃkhyeya eons are one great eon (mahākalpa). In that case those four asaṃkhyeya eons represent the eons of the creation, presence, destruction, and absence of a world. Therefore buddhas are often described as appearing in a second asaṃkhyeya eon.

Finding passages containing this term... g.35 Asaṅga thogs med

ཐོགས་མེད།

Asaṅga

Indian master of the fourth century ᴄᴇ, and a major founder of the Yogācāra school of Buddhism.

Finding passages containing this term... g.36 Aśoka mya ngan ’tshang

མྱ་ངན་འཚང་།

aśoka

Saraca asoca. The aromatic blossoms of this plant are clustered together as orange, yellow, and red bunches of petals.

Finding passages containing this term... g.37 Aspects of enlightenment byang chub kyi phyogs

བྱང་ཆུབ་ཀྱི་ཕྱོགས།

bodhipakṣa · bodhi­pakṣa­dharma

The qualities necessary as a method to attain the enlightenment of a śrāvaka, pratyekabuddha, or buddha. There are thirty-seven of these: (1–4) the four kinds of mindfulness: mindfulness of body, sensations, mind, and phenomena; (5–8) the four correct exertions: the intention to not do bad actions that are not done, to give up bad actions that are being done, to do good actions that have not been done, and increase the good actions that are being done; (9–12) the foundations for miraculous powers: intention, diligence, mind, and analysis; (13–17) five powers: faith, diligence, mindfulness, samādhi, and wisdom; (18–22) five strengths: an even stronger form of faith, diligence, mindfulness, samādhi, and wisdom; (23–29) seven limbs of enlightenment: correct mindfulness, correct wisdom of the analysis of phenomena, correct diligence, correct joy, correct serenity, correct samādhi, and correct equanimity; and (30–37) the eightfold noble path: right view, examination, speech, action, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, and samādhi.

Finding passages containing this term... g.38 Aspiration to enlightenment byang chub kyi sems

བྱང་ཆུབ་ཀྱི་སེམས།

bodhicitta

This term has developed further meanings such as the ultimate bodhicitta of realizing emptiness, but in this sūtra it is used with its basic meaning.

Finding passages containing this term... g.39 Aster mdog mdzes

མདོག་མཛེས།

roca

Finding passages containing this term... g.40 Asura lha ma yin

ལྷ་མ་ཡིན།

asura

The asuras, sometimes called the demi-gods or titans, are the enemies of the devas, fighting with them for supremacy. They are powerful beings who live around Mount Sumeru, and are usually classified as belonging to the higher realms.

Finding passages containing this term... g.41 Atapa mi gdung

མི་གདུང་།

Atapa

The fourth highest of the seventeen paradises in the form realm, and therefore the fourth of the five Śuddhāvāsika (pure abode) paradises.

Finding passages containing this term... g.42 Atiśa jo bo rje

ཇོ་བོ་རྗེ།

Atiśa

The Bengali Buddhist master (980–1054) who came to Tibet, and whose pupils founded the Kadampa tradition.

Finding passages containing this term... g.43 Austerity yo byad bsnyungs pa

ཡོ་བྱད་བསྙུངས་པ།

saṃlekha

The Tibetan means literally “the lessening of requisites.”

Finding passages containing this term... g.44 Avadavat ka la ping ka · khu byug

ཀ་ལ་པིང་ཀ · ཁུ་བྱུག

kalaviṅka

Several species of finch belonging to the genus Amandava, part of the Estrildid finch family (Estrildidae). They are renowned as songbirds, and in Tibetan texts the Sanskrit kalaviṅka was sometimes simply transliterated ka la ping ka, sometimes translated as khu byug, “cuckoo.”

Finding passages containing this term... g.45 Avalokiteśvara spyan ras gzigs dbang phyug

སྤྱན་རས་གཟིགས་དབང་ཕྱུག

Avalokiteśvara · Avalokita

First appeared as a bodhisattva beside Amitābha in the Sukhāvatī Sūtra. The name has been variously interpreted. In “The lord of Avalokita,” Avalokita has been interpreted as “seeing,” although, as a past passive participle, it is literally “lord of what has been seen.” One of the principal sūtras in the Mahāsamghika tradition was the Avalokita Sūtra, which has not been translated into Tibetan, in which the word is a synonym for enlightenment, as it is “that which has been seen” by the buddhas. In the early tantras, he is one of the lords of the three families, as the embodiment of the compassion of the buddhas. The Potalaka Mountain in southern India became important in Southern Indian Buddhism as his residence in this world, but Potalaka does not yet feature in the Kāraṇḍavyūha Sūtra (Toh 116), which emphasized the preeminence of Avalokiteśvara above all buddhas and bodhisattvas and introduced the mantra oṃ maṇipadme hūṃ.

Finding passages containing this term... g.46 Avīci mnar med

མནར་མེད།

Avīci

The lowest hell; the eighth of the eight hot hells.

Finding passages containing this term... g.47 Avṛha mi che

མི་ཆེ།

Avṛha · Abṛha

The fifth highest of the seventeen paradises in the form realm, and therefore the fifth of the five Śuddhāvāsika (pure abode) paradises.

Finding passages containing this term... g.48 Āyatana skye mched

སྐྱེ་མཆེད།

āyatana

Sometimes translated “sense-fields” or “bases of cognition,” the term usually refers to the six sense faculties and their corresponding objects, i.e. the first twelve of the eighteen dhātu. Along with skandha and dhātu, one of the three major categories in the taxonomy of phenomena in the sūtra literature.

Finding passages containing this term... g.49 Bakula ba ku la

བ་ཀུ་ལ།

Bakula · Vakula

A yakṣa lord.

Finding passages containing this term... g.50 Bala stobs ldan

སྟོབས་ལྡན།

Bala

A leader of the asuras.

Finding passages containing this term... g.51 Bande ban de

བན་དེ།

(vanda)

A term of respect for Buddhist monks: bande in Tibet and Nepal, bhante in the Pali tradition. A middle-Indic word, it is said to be derived from vande, the BHS vocative form of the Sanskrit vanda, meaning praiseworthy or venerable, although bhante is said to be a contraction of the vocative bhadante, derived from a respectful salutation.

Finding passages containing this term... g.52 Bases of miraculous powers rdzu ’phrul gyi rkang pa

རྫུ་འཕྲུལ་གྱི་རྐང་པ།

ṛddhipāda

Four qualities of the samādhi that have the activity of eliminating negative factors: aspiration, diligence, contemplation, and analysis.

Finding passages containing this term... g.53 Belief in the existence of a self ’jig tshogs la lta ba

འཇིག་ཚོགས་ལ་ལྟ་བ།

satkāyadṛṣti

The Tibetan is literally “the view of the destructible accumulation,” and the Sanskrit is “the view of the existing body.” They mean the view that identifies the existence of a self in relation to the skandhas.

Finding passages containing this term... g.54 Bhadrapāla bzang skyong

བཟང་སྐྱོང་།

Bhadrapāla

Finding passages containing this term... g.55 Bhadrikarāja bzang ldan rgyal po

བཟང་ལྡན་རྒྱལ་པོ།

Bhadrikarāja · Bhadrika

Supreme among the upper-class monks. He became an arhat in the first rainy season. One of the first group of Śākya princes to become a monk. He is said to have been a king in many successive previous lifetimes, which is why the title of “king” is added after his name in the sūtra. He is not to be confused with the Bhadrika who was one of the Buddha’s first five pupils.

Finding passages containing this term... g.56 Bherī drum rnga chen · rnga bo che

རྔ་ཆེན། · རྔ་བོ་ཆེ།

bherī · bheri

A conical or bowl-shaped kettledrum, with an upper surface that is beaten with sticks.

Finding passages containing this term... g.57 Bhikṣu dge slong

དགེ་སློང་།

bhikṣu

Fully ordained Buddhist monk.

Finding passages containing this term... g.58 Bhikṣuṇī dge slong ma

དགེ་སློང་མ།

bhikṣuṇī

Fully ordained Buddhist nun.

Finding passages containing this term... g.59 Bhīṣmabala ’jigs btsan stobs

འཇིགས་བཙན་སྟོབས།

Bhīṣmabala

Finding passages containing this term... g.60 Bhīṣmaghoṣa ’jigs pa’i dbyangs

འཇིགས་པའི་དབྱངས།

Bhīṣmaghoṣa

Finding passages containing this term... g.61 Bhīṣmamati ’jigs btsan blo gros

འཇིགས་བཙན་བློ་གྲོས།

Bhīṣmamati

Finding passages containing this term... g.62 Bhīṣmānana ’jigs zhal

འཇིགས་ཞལ།

Bhīṣmānana

Finding passages containing this term... g.63 Bhīṣmārci ’jigs btsan ’od ’phro

འཇིགས་བཙན་འོད་འཕྲོ།

Bhīṣmārci

Finding passages containing this term... g.64 Bhīṣmasamudgata ’jigs btsan ’phags

འཇིགས་བཙན་འཕགས།

Bhīṣmasamudgata

Finding passages containing this term... g.65 Bhīṣmottara ’jigs pa’i bla ma · ’jigs mchog

འཇིགས་པའི་བླ་མ། · འཇིགས་མཆོག

Bhīṣmottara

The name of both a previous life of Buddha Śākyamuni as a king (translated as ’jigs pa’i bla ma) and the name of one of the buddhas (translated as ’jigs mchog) that Śākyamuni received the samādhi teaching from in a previous life.

Finding passages containing this term... g.66 Bhṛgu ngan spong

ངན་སྤོང་།

Bhṛgu

One of the seven great rishis of ancient India. The founder of Indian astrology.

Finding passages containing this term... g.67 Bhūmi sa

ས།

bhūmi

Literally “grounds” in which qualities grow, and also it means “levels.” Bhūmi refers specifically to levels of enlightenment, especially the ten levels of the enlightened bodhisattvas. Also translated here as “level.”

Finding passages containing this term... g.68 Bhūtamati yang dag blo gros

ཡང་དག་བློ་གྲོས།

Bhūtamati

Finding passages containing this term... g.69 Bignonia skya snar · pa ta la

སྐྱ་སྣར། · པ་ཏ་ལ།

pāṭalā

Bignonia suaveolens. The Indian species of bigonia. They have trumpet-shaped flowers and the small trees are common throughout India.

Finding passages containing this term... g.70 Blue lotus ud pa la · ud pal

ཨུད་པ་ལ། · ཨུད་པལ།

utpala

Finding passages containing this term... g.71 Bodhi tree byang chub kyi shing

བྱང་ཆུབ་ཀྱི་ཤིང་།

Bodhivṛkṣa

The tree beneath which every buddha in this world will manifest the attainment of buddhahood.

Finding passages containing this term... g.72 Bodhimaṇḍa byang chub snying po

བྱང་ཆུབ་སྙིང་པོ།

Bodhimaṇḍa

“The essence of enlightenment.” The spot in Bodhgaya where the Buddha attained enlightenment.

Finding passages containing this term... g.73 Bodhisattva byang chub sems dpa’

བྱང་ཆུབ་སེམས་དཔའ།

bodhisattva · buddhaputra

A person who is dedicated not merely to attaining liberation through attaining the state of an arhat, but to becoming a buddha. A name created from the Sanskritization of the middle-Indic bodhisatto, the Sanskrit equivalent of which was bodhisakta, “one who is fixed on enlightenment.”

Finding passages containing this term... g.74 Brahmā tshangs pa

ཚངས་པ།

Brahmā

The personification of the universal force of Brahman, the deity in the form realm, who was, during the Buddha’s time, considered in India to be the supreme deity and creator of the universe.

Finding passages containing this term... g.75 Brahmābala tshangs pa’i stobs

ཚངས་པའི་སྟོབས།

Brahmābala

Finding passages containing this term... g.76 Brahmadatta tshangs pa byin

ཚངས་པ་བྱིན།

Brahmadatta · Svara­brahma­datta

A monk who was a previous incarnation of Buddha Dīpaṃkara.

Finding passages containing this term... g.77 Brahmādeva tshangs pa’i lha

ཚངས་པའི་ལྷ།

Brahmādeva

Finding passages containing this term... g.78 Brahmaghoṣa tshangs pa’i dbyangs

ཚངས་པའི་དབྱངས།

Brahmaghoṣa

Finding passages containing this term... g.79 Brahmakāyika tshangs ris

ཚངས་རིས།

Brahmakāyika

The lowest of the three paradises that are the paradises of the first dhyāna in the form realm. The class of devas who live in the paradise of Brahmā.

Finding passages containing this term... g.80 Brahmānana tshangs pa’i zhal

ཚངས་པའི་ཞལ།

Brahmānana

Finding passages containing this term... g.81 Brahmapurohita tshangs pa’i mdun ’don

ཚངས་པའི་མདུན་འདོན།

Brahmapurohita

The second of the three paradises that are the paradises of the first dhyāna in the form realm.

Finding passages containing this term... g.82 Brahmaśrava tshangs pa’i snyan

ཚངས་པའི་སྙན།

Brahmaśrava

Finding passages containing this term... g.83 Brahmasvarāṅga tshangs pa’i sgra dbyangs

ཚངས་པའི་སྒྲ་དབྱངས།

Brahmasvarāṅga

Finding passages containing this term... g.84 Brahmavasu tshangs nor

ཚངས་ནོར།

Brahmavasu

Finding passages containing this term... g.85 Brahmavihāra tshangs pa’i gnas

ཚངས་པའི་གནས།

brahmavihāra

The four qualities that are said to result in rebirth in the paradise of Brahmā, and were a practice already prevalent before Śākyamuni’s teaching, are limitless love, compassion, rejoicing, and equanimity.

Finding passages containing this term... g.86 Brahma­narendra­netra tshanga pa’i mi dbang spyan

ཚང་པའི་མི་དབང་སྤྱན།

Brahma­narendra­netra

Finding passages containing this term... g.87 Brahmeśvara tshangs pa’i dbang phyug

ཚངས་པའི་དབང་ཕྱུག

Brahmeśvara

Name of two past buddhas from whom Śākyamuni received the samādhi teachings.

Finding passages containing this term... g.88 Breadfruit pa na

པ་ན།

panasa

Finding passages containing this term... g.89 Bṛhaspati phur bu

ཕུར་བུ།

Bṛhaspati

Both the deity of the planet Jupiter and the guru of the devas.

Finding passages containing this term... g.90 Brilliance ’od ’phro · ’od ’phro ba

འོད་འཕྲོ། · འོད་འཕྲོ་བ།

arciṣmatī

The fourth bodhisattva bhūmi.

Finding passages containing this term... g.91 Brother tshe dang ldan pa

ཚེ་དང་ལྡན་པ།

ayuśman

A respectful form of address between monks and also lay companions of equal standing. Literally: one who has a [long] life.

Finding passages containing this term... g.92 Buddha qualities sangs rgyas kyi chos

སངས་རྒྱས་ཀྱི་ཆོས།

buddhadharmāḥ

These qualities unique to a buddha are eighteen in number: the ten strengths; the four fearlessness; mindfulness of body, speech, and mind; and compassion.

Finding passages containing this term... g.93 Caitya mchod rten

མཆོད་རྟེན།

caitya · cetiya

Sometimes synonymous with stūpa, but can refer to a temple that may or may not contain a stūpa, or any place or thing that is worthy of veneration. The Tibetan translation is identical for stūpa and caitya.

Finding passages containing this term... g.94 Cakravāla ’khor yug

འཁོར་ཡུག

Cakravāla · Cakravāḍa

“Circular mass.” There are at least three interpretations of what this name refers to. In the Kṣitigarbha Sutra it is a mountain that contains the hells, in which case it is equivalent to the Vaḍaba submarine mountain of fire, also said to be the entrance to the hells. More commonly it is the name of the outer ring of mountains at the edge of the flat disk that is the world, with Sumeru in the center. This is also equated with Vaḍaba, the heat of which evaporates the ocean so that it does not overflow. Jambudvīpa, the world of humans is in this sea to Sumeru’s south. However, it is also used to mean the entire disk, including Sumeru and the paradises above it.

Finding passages containing this term... g.95 Cakravartin ’khor los sgyur ba

འཁོར་ལོས་སྒྱུར་བ།

cakravartin

A king with a magical wheel—wherever it rolls becomes his kingdom, so that he may rule over one to four continents.

Finding passages containing this term... g.96 Candrabhānu zla ba’i ’od zer

ཟླ་བའི་འོད་ཟེར།

Candrabhānu

Finding passages containing this term... g.97 Candrakīrti zla ba grags pa

ཟླ་བ་གྲགས་པ།

Candrakīrti

A prominent seventh-century master of the Madhyamaka (Middle Way) tradition.

Finding passages containing this term... g.98 Candrānana zla ba’i zhal

ཟླ་བའི་ཞལ།

Candrānana

Finding passages containing this term... g.99 Candraprabha zla ’od

ཟླ་འོད།

Candraprabha

The young man of Rājagrha who is the principal interlocutor for the Samādhirājasūtra. He is frequently addressed as “youth” or “young man,” (Skt. kumāra; Tib. gzhon nu); see “the youth Candraprabha.”

Finding passages containing this term... g.100 Cāturmahā­rāja­kāyika rgyal po chen po bzhi’i ris

རྒྱལ་པོ་ཆེན་པོ་བཞིའི་རིས།

Cāturmahā­rāja­kāyika

Finding passages containing this term... g.101 Cherry wood shug pa

ཤུག་པ།

padmaka

Also known as Wild Himalayan Cherry, Sour Cherry, and Costus Speciosus.

Finding passages containing this term... g.102 Clouds of Dharma chos sprin · chos kyi sprin

ཆོས་སྤྲིན། · ཆོས་ཀྱི་སྤྲིན།

Dharmameghā

The tenth bodhisattva bhūmi.

Finding passages containing this term... g.103 Conceptualization mtshan ma

མཚན་མ།

nimitta

Literally “signs,” or attributes.

Finding passages containing this term... g.104 Conceptualization spros pa

སྤྲོས་པ།

prapañca

An etymologically obscure term, which can mean elaboration, diffusion, or expansion, but is basically describing the mind’s conceptualization, and is always connected to the words for notions and ideas, and mental fabrications.

Finding passages containing this term... g.105 Coral tree man dA ra ba

མན་དཱ་ར་བ།

māndārava

Finding passages containing this term... g.106 Correct exertion yang dag par spong ba

ཡང་དག་པར་སྤོང་བ།

samyakprahāṇa

There are four kinds: the intention to not do bad actions that have not been done, to give up bad actions that are being done, to do good actions that have not been done, and to increase the good actions that are being done. Exertion is in accordance with the meaning in Buddhist Sanskrit. The Tibetan is translated as “abandonment” as in classical Sanskrit, which does not fit the context.

Finding passages containing this term... g.107 Cyavana spen pa

སྤེན་པ།

Cyavana

A rishi of ancient India, the son of Rishi Bhṛgu, known for having become a youth again after he had reached an old age.

Finding passages containing this term... g.108 Dānta dul

དུལ།

Dānta

Finding passages containing this term... g.109 Dāntottara dul mchog

དུལ་མཆོག

Dāntottara

Finding passages containing this term... g.110 Daśa­śata­raśmihutārci nyi ma me’i ’od ’phro can

ཉི་མ་མེའི་འོད་འཕྲོ་ཅན།

Daśa­śata­raśmihutārci

Finding passages containing this term... g.111 Deva lha

ལྷ།

deva

A being in the paradises from the base of Mount Meru upward. Also can refer to a deity in the human world.

Finding passages containing this term... g.112 Devadatta lhas byin · lha sbyin · lha byin

ལྷས་བྱིན། · ལྷ་སྦྱིན། · ལྷ་བྱིན།

Devadatta

A cousin of Buddha Śākyamuni who broke with him and established his own community. His tradition was still continuing during the first millennium ᴄᴇ. He is portrayed as engendering evil schemes against the Buddha and even succeeding in wounding him. He is usually identified with wicked beings in accounts of previous lifetimes.

Finding passages containing this term... g.113 Devendra lha dbang

ལྷ་དབང་།

Devendra

Another name for Śakra, aka Indra.

1 passage contains this term 1 g.114 Dhāraṇī gzungs

གཟུངས།

dhāraṇī

See “retention.”

13 passages contain this term 12345678910111213 g.115 Dharmabala chos kyi stobs ldan

ཆོས་ཀྱི་སྟོབས་ལྡན།

Dharmabala

1 passage contains this term 1 g.116 Dharmabhāṇaka chos smra ba

ཆོས་སྨྲ་བ།

dharmabhāṇaka

Speaker or reciter of scriptures. In early Buddhism a section of the sangha would be bhāṇakas, who, particularly before the teachings were written down and were only transmitted orally, were the key factor in the preservation of the teachings. Various groups of dharmabhāṇakas specialized in memorizing and reciting a certain set of sūtras or vinaya.

64 passages contain this term 12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849505152535455565758596061626364 g.117 Dharmadhvaja chos kyi rgyal mtshan

ཆོས་ཀྱི་རྒྱལ་མཚན།

Dharmadhvaja

1 passage contains this term 1 g.118 Dharmakāya chos kyi sku

ཆོས་ཀྱི་སྐུ།

dharmakāya

In distinction to the rūpakāya, or “form body” of a buddha, this is the eternal, imperceivable realization of a buddha. In origin it was a term for the presence of the Dharma, and has come to be synonymous with the true nature.

22 passages contain this term 12345678910111213141516171819202122 g.119 Dharmaketu chos kyi tog

ཆོས་ཀྱི་ཏོག

Dharmaketu

Finding passages containing this term... g.120 Dharmatāśīla chos nyid tshul khrims

ཆོས་ཉིད་ཚུལ་ཁྲིམས།

Dharmatāśīla

The 9th century Tibetan translator of this text.

Finding passages containing this term... g.121 Dharmavyūha chos bkod pa

ཆོས་བཀོད་པ།

Dharmavyūha

Finding passages containing this term... g.122 Dharma­svabhāvodgata chos kyi rang bzhin ’phags

ཆོས་ཀྱི་རང་བཞིན་འཕགས།

Dharma­svabhāvodgata

Finding passages containing this term... g.123 Dharmottara chos kyi bla ma

ཆོས་ཀྱི་བླ་མ།

Dharmottara

Finding passages containing this term... g.124 Dhātu khams

ཁམས།

dhātu

Often translated “element,” commonly in the context of the eighteen elements of sensory experience (the six sense faculties, their six respective objects, and the six sensory consciousnesses), although the term has a wide range of other meanings. Along with skandha and āyatana, one of the three major categories in the taxonomy of phenomena in the sūtra literature.

Finding passages containing this term... g.125 Dhṛtarāṣṭra yul ’khor srung · ngang skya

ཡུལ་འཁོར་སྲུང་། · ངང་སྐྱ།

Dhṛtarāṣṭra

One of the four mahārājas, he is the guardian deity for the east and traditionally lord of the gandharvas, though in this sūtra he appears to be king of the nāgas. It is also the name of a goose king that was one of the Buddha’s previous lives, and in that instance it is translated into Tibetan as ngang skya.

Finding passages containing this term... g.126 Dhyāna bsam gtan

བསམ་གཏན།

dhyāna

Sometimes translated as “absorption” or “meditative absorption,” this is one of several similar but specific terms for particualr states of mind to be cultivated. Dhyāna is the term often used in the context of eight successive stages, four of form and four formless.

Finding passages containing this term... g.127 Difficult to Master shin tu sbyang dka’ · rgyal bar dka’ ba

ཤིན་ཏུ་སྦྱང་དཀའ། · རྒྱལ་བར་དཀའ་བ།

sudurjayā

The fifth bodhisattva bhūmi.

Finding passages containing this term... g.128 Dīpaṃkara mar me mdzad

མར་མེ་མཛད།

Dīpaṃkara

A previous buddha who gave Śākyamuni the prophecy of his buddhahood.

Finding passages containing this term... g.129 Dīpaprabha mar me mdzad

མར་མེ་མཛད།

Dīpaprabha

A previous buddha in the distant past.

Finding passages containing this term... g.130 Discernment so so yang dag par rig pa

སོ་སོ་ཡང་དག་པར་རིག་པ།

pratisaṃvida

There are four: the discernments of meaning, phenomena, definitions, and eloquence.

Finding passages containing this term... g.131 Disciplines of mendicancy sbyangs pa’i yon tan · sbyangs dag · sbyangs tshul

སྦྱངས་པའི་ཡོན་ཏན། · སྦྱངས་དག · སྦྱངས་ཚུལ།

dhūtaguṇa · dhūta

Ascetic practices that are optional for monks and nuns or undertaken only for a defined time period. They are traditionally listed as being twelve in number: (1) wearing rags (pāṃśukūlika, phyag dar khrod pa), (2) (in the form of only) three religious robes (traicīvarika, chos gos gsum), (3) (coarse in texture as) garments of felt (nāma[n]tika, ’phyings pa pa), (4) eating by alms (paiṇḍapātika, bsod snyoms pa), (5) having a single mat to sit on (aikāsanika, stan gcig pa), (6) not eating after noon (khalu paścād bhaktika, zas phyis mi len pa), (7) living alone in the forest (āraṇyaka, dgon pa pa), (8) living at the base of a tree (vṛkṣamūlika, shing drungs pa), (9) living in the open (ābhyavakāśika, bla gab med pa), (10) frequenting cemeteries (śmāśānika, dur khrod pa), (11) sleeping sitting up (naiṣadika, cog bu pa), and (12) accepting whatever seating position is offered (yāthāsaṃstarika, gzhi ji bzhin pa); this last of the twelve is sometimes interpreted as not omitting any house on the almsround, i.e. regardless of any reception expected. Mahāvyutpatti, 1127-39.

Finding passages containing this term... g.132 Distinct qualities of a buddha sangs rgyas gyi chos ma ’dres pa

སངས་རྒྱས་གྱི་ཆོས་མ་འདྲེས་པ།

āveṇika­buddha­dharma

There are eighteen such special qualities unique to a buddha. They are as follows: he never makes a mistake; he is never boisterous; he never forgets; his concentration never falters; he has no notion of distinctness; his equanimity is not due to lack of consideration; his motivation never falters; his endeavor never fails; his mindfulness never falters; he never abandons his concentration; his wisdom never decreases; his liberation never fails; all his physical actions are preceded and followed by wisdom; all his verbal actions are preceded and followed by wisdom; all his mental actions are preceded and followed by wisdom; his knowledge and vision perceive the past without any attachment or hindrance; his knowledge and vision perceive the future without any attachment or hindrance; and his knowledge and vision perceive the present without any attachment or hindrance.

Finding passages containing this term... g.133 Doorways to liberation rnam par thar pa’i sgo

རྣམ་པར་ཐར་པའི་སྒོ།

vimokṣamukha

Emptiness, absence of attributes, and absence of aspiration.

Finding passages containing this term... g.134 Dṛḍhabala stobs brtan

སྟོབས་བརྟན།

Dṛḍhabala

A king in the time of Buddha Ghoṣadatta. Also the father of the rebirth of King Śirībala in the time of Buddha Narendraghoṣa.

Finding passages containing this term... g.135 Dṛdhadatta brtan pas byin

བརྟན་པས་བྱིན།

Dṛdhadatta

A king in the distant past.

Finding passages containing this term... g.136 Dṛḍhaśūra dpa’ brtan

དཔའ་བརྟན།

Dṛḍhaśūra

The name of all the buddhas who had been followers of King Mahābala in a previous lifetime.

Finding passages containing this term... g.137 Droṇa sgrom

སྒྲོམ།

droṇa

A measure of capacity or volume, and sometimes of weight, roughly equivalent to 5 liters or 9.5 kilograms. It can also be used to denote a vessel or container of that capacity, hence the Tibetan translation here sgrom, “box” or “chest,” which is a little misleading in the passage in this text.

Finding passages containing this term... g.138 Druma ljon pa

ལྗོན་པ།

Druma

King of the kiṃnaras.

Finding passages containing this term... g.139 Dundubhisvara rnga dbyangs

རྔ་དབྱངས།

Dundubhisvara

A bodhisattva who only appears in Mahāyāna sūtras. It is also a name for various buddhas, including an alternative name for Buddha Amoghasiddhi. Incorrectly translated as mngon par ’byung dka’

Finding passages containing this term... g.140 Durabhisambhava mngon par ’byung dka’ · ’byung dka’

མངོན་པར་འབྱུང་དཀའ། · འབྱུང་དཀའ།

Durabhisambhava

Name of a bodhisattva only mentioned in one other sūtra.

Finding passages containing this term... g.141 Durvāsa dkar bar gnas

དཀར་བར་གནས།

Durvāsa

Ancient Indian sage, known primarily for tales of his short temper and the curses he inflicted, hence the meaning of his name: “difficult to live with.”

Finding passages containing this term... g.142 Eight disadvantageous states mi khom brgyad

མི་ཁོམ་བརྒྱད།

aṣṭākṣaṇa

Being reborn in hell, or as a preta, an animal, or a long-lived deity (of the formless realms), or being a human in a time without a Buddha’s teaching, in a land without the teaching, with a defective mind, or without faith.

Finding passages containing this term... g.143 Elapatra e la’i ’dab ma

ཨེ་ལའི་འདབ་མ།

Elapatra

A nāga king who in the lifetime of the previous buddha had cut down a tree and had therefore been reborn as a nāga. Residing in Taxila, he is said to have miraculously extended himself to where the Buddha was present. This tale is found represented in ancient sculpture.

Finding passages containing this term... g.144 Eloquence spobs pa

སྤོབས་པ།

pratibhāna

The Tibetan word literally means “confidence” or “courage” but it refers to confident speech, to being perfectly eloquent.

Finding passages containing this term... g.145 Emptiness stong pa nyid

སྟོང་པ་ཉིད།

śūnyatā

In the Mahāyāna this is the term for how phenomena are devoid of any nature of their own. One of the three doorways to liberation along with the absence of aspiration and the absence of attributes.

Finding passages containing this term... g.146 Erysipelas ’brum bu me dbal

འབྲུམ་བུ་མེ་དབལ།

visarpa

A bacterial infection of the skin, also called Ignis Sacer and St. Anthony’s Fire. The Tibetan means “fireflames.” Its worst form as described in the sūtra is “necrotizing fasciitis,” when the skin and flesh beneath blacken and die; it can lead quickly to death.

Finding passages containing this term... g.147 Essence of phenomena chos kyi dbyings

ཆོས་ཀྱི་དབྱིངས།

dharmadhātu

Defined in the commentary as the ultimate nature of phenomena, or the supreme among phenomena. Also defined as the essence of the Dharma. Literally “the element of phenomena, or the Dharma.” This term is also used to mean “the realm of phenomena,” meaning all phenomena.

Finding passages containing this term... g.148 Fata morgana dri za’i grong khyer

དྲི་ཟའི་གྲོང་ཁྱེར།

gandharvapura

A particular kind of mirage in which buildings, mountains, and so on can appear in the sky above the horizon. In India, called the “city of gandharvas,” as it was believed to be a glimpse of the residences of these divine beings.

Finding passages containing this term... g.149 Fearlessness mi ’jigs pa

མི་འཇིགས་པ།

vaiśaradya

This refers to the four confidences or fearlessnesses of the Buddha: confidence in having attained realization, confidence in having fully eliminated all defilements, confidence in teaching the Dharma, and confidence in teaching the path of aspiration to liberation.

Finding passages containing this term... g.150 Fenugreek spri ka

སྤྲི་ཀ

spṛkka · spṛka · sprkṣya

Finding passages containing this term... g.151 Fig-tree flowers u dum bA ra’i me tog

ཨུ་དུམ་བཱ་རའི་མེ་ཏོག

udumbarakusuma

A simile for rarity, as fig trees do not have discernible blossoms. In Tibet the udumbara (Ficus glomerata), being unknown, became portrayed as a gigantic lotuslike flower. The Chinese adds the adjective “rare” and, like the Tibetan, simply transliterates udumbara.

Finding passages containing this term... g.152 Five strengths stobs lnga

སྟོབས་ལྔ།

pañcabala

The five strengths are a stronger form of the five powers: faith, mindfulness, diligence, samādhi, and wisdom.

Finding passages containing this term... g.153 Fourfold assembly ’khor bzhi

འཁོར་བཞི།

catuḥparṣad

Male and female lay followers, and male and female monastic followers.

Finding passages containing this term... g.154 Gambhīraghoṣa sgra dbyangs zab mo

སྒྲ་དབྱངས་ཟབ་མོ།

Gambhīraghoṣa

Finding passages containing this term... g.155 Gampopa sgam po pa

སྒམ་པོ་པ།

—

Gampopa Sonam Rinchen (sgam po pa bsod nams rin chen, 1079–1153). A disciple of Milarepa, and the founder of the monastic Kagyu tradition; also known as Dakpopa (dwags po pa) or Dakpo Lharjé (dwags po lha rje).

Finding passages containing this term... g.156 Gaṇābhibhu tshogs rnams zil gnon

ཚོགས་རྣམས་ཟིལ་གནོན།

Gaṇābhibhu

Finding passages containing this term... g.157 Gaṇamukhya tshog gtso

ཚོག་གཙོ།

Gaṇamukhya

Finding passages containing this term... g.158 Gandhahasti spos kyi glang po che

སྤོས་ཀྱི་གླང་པོ་ཆེ།

Gandhahasti

A principal bodhisattva in the Mahāyāna sūtras. He is described in this sūtra as coming from Akṣobhya’s realm.

Finding passages containing this term... g.159 Gandhamādana spos ngad can · spos ngad ldang · spos nad ldan

སྤོས་ངད་ཅན། · སྤོས་ངད་ལྡང་། · སྤོས་ནད་ལྡན།

Gandhamādana

A legendary mountain north of the Himalayas, with Lake Anavatapta, the source of the worlds great rivers, at its base. It is said to be south of Mount Kailash, though both have been identified with Mount Tise in west Tibet.

Finding passages containing this term... g.160 Gandharva dri za

དྲི་ཟ།

gandharva

A race of deities who are particularly known to be musicians.

Finding passages containing this term... g.161 Gaṇendra tshogs dbang

ཚོགས་དབང་།

Gaṇendra

Finding passages containing this term... g.162 Gaṇendraśūra tshogs dbang dpa’ bo

ཚོགས་དབང་དཔའ་བོ།

Gaṇendraśūra

Finding passages containing this term... g.163 Gaṇeśvara tshogs kyi dbang phyug

ཚོགས་ཀྱི་དབང་ཕྱུག

Gaṇeśvara

A name that appears twice in the list of buddhas from whom Śākyamuni in previous lifetimes received the Samādhirāja, and who is described in particular in chapter 38.

Finding passages containing this term... g.164 Gaṇivara tshogs bzang

ཚོགས་བཟང་།

Gaṇivara

Finding passages containing this term... g.165 Gaṇivara­pramocaka tshogs bzang rab tu rnam par ’byed

ཚོགས་བཟང་རབ་ཏུ་རྣམ་པར་འབྱེད།

Gaṇivara­pramocaka

Finding passages containing this term... g.166 Gardabhaka bong bu

བོང་བུ།

Gardabhaka

A powerful yakṣa of the Himalayas.

1 passage contains this term 1 g.167 Gardenia bar sha ka

བར་ཤ་ཀ

vārṣika · vāraṣika

1 passage contains this term 1 g.168 Gargā gar gA

གར་གཱ།

Gargā

A famous Puranic rishi of India, who features particularly in the Vaishnavite literature.

1 passage contains this term 1 g.169 Garuḍa khyung

ཁྱུང་།

garuḍa

A supernatural being that is a gigantic bird with humanoid features.

12 passages contain this term 123456789101112 g.170 Gautama gau ta ma

གཽ་ཏ་མ།

Gautama

One of the seven great rishis of ancient India. Author of some of the vedas. His Dharmasūtra specified renunciation as yellow robes, shaved head, and being called a bhikṣu. Buddha Śākyamuni was his descendant.

3 passages contain this term 123 g.171 Ghoṣadatta dbyangs byin

དབྱངས་བྱིན།

Ghoṣadatta

A buddha in the distant past.

22 passages contain this term 12345678910111213141516171819202122 g.172 Ghoṣānana dbyangs kyi zhal

དབྱངས་ཀྱི་ཞལ།

Ghoṣānana

Finding passages containing this term... g.173 Ghoṣeśvara dbyangs kyi dbang phyug

དབྱངས་ཀྱི་དབང་ཕྱུག

Ghoṣeśvara

Finding passages containing this term... g.174 Girivalgu ri bo legs pa

རི་བོ་ལེགས་པ།

Girivalgu · Girika

A nāga king who was a devotee of the Buddha. King Bimbisara once banished him and another nāga because they did not honor him. A drought occurred, and on the Buddha’s advice, he asked the nāgas for their forgiveness.

Finding passages containing this term... g.175 Gone Far ring du song · ring du song ba

རིང་དུ་སོང་། · རིང་དུ་སོང་བ།

dūraṃgamā

The seventh bodhisattva bhūmi.

Finding passages containing this term... g.176 Good beings skyes bu dam pa

སྐྱེས་བུ་དམ་པ།

satpuruṣa

Finding passages containing this term... g.177 Good Eon skal pa bzang po

སྐལ་པ་བཟང་པོ།

Bhadrakalpa · Bhadraka

Our present eon in which over a thousand buddhas will appear. The meaning is “good” because of the number of buddhas that will appear. In the sūtra, it is usually called bhadraka.

Finding passages containing this term... g.178 Gośīrṣa go Sir Sa · ba glang gi spos · ba glang mgo

གོ་Sཨིར་Sཨ། · བ་གླང་གི་སྤོས། · བ་གླང་མགོ

gośīrṣa · gauśīrṣa

A type of sandalwood that is reddish in color and has medicinal properties. It is said to have the finest fragrance of all sandalwood. In the Mahāvyutpatti it is translated as sa mchog, which means “supreme earth.” Later translations translate gośirṣa literally as “ox-head,” which is said to refer to the shape or name of the mountain where it grows. Appears to be red sandalwood, though that appears separately in the list of incenses.

Finding passages containing this term... g.179 Gṛdhrakūṭa rgod kyi phung po

རྒོད་ཀྱི་ཕུང་པོ།

Gṛdhrakūṭa

See “Vulture Peak.”

Finding passages containing this term... g.180 Guhyaka gsang ba po

གསང་བ་པོ།

guhyaka

A class of devas that, like the yakṣas, are ruled over by Kubera, but are also said to be his most trusted helpers.

Finding passages containing this term... g.181 Hibiscus s+thA la ka

སྠཱ་ལ་ཀ

sthālaka

Finding passages containing this term... g.182 Higher cognition mngon par shes pa

མངོན་པར་ཤེས་པ།

abhijñā

The higher cognitions are listed as either five or six. The first five are: clairvoyance (divine sight), divine hearing, knowing how to manifest miracles, remembering previous lives, knowing what is in the minds of others. A sixth, knowing that all defects have been eliminated, is often added. The first five are attained through dhyāna, and are sometimes described as worldly, as they can be attained to some extent by non-Buddhist yogis; while the sixth is supramundane and attained only by realization—by bodhisattvas, or according to some accounts only by buddhas.

Finding passages containing this term... g.183 Himagiri kha ba can gyi ri

ཁ་བ་ཅན་གྱི་རི།

Himagiri

Synonymous with Himavat. This “mountain” is actually the entire Himalayan range.

Finding passages containing this term... g.184 Himavat gangs kyi ri

གངས་ཀྱི་རི།

Himavat

Synonymous with Himagiri. This “mountain” is actually the entire Himalayan range.

Finding passages containing this term... g.185 Identification ’du shes

འདུ་ཤེས།

saṃjña

The mental process of identifying various perceived phenomena. One of the five skandhas.

Finding passages containing this term... g.186 Ikṣvāku bu ram shing

བུ་རམ་ཤིང་།

Ikṣvāku

This is a family lineage that many royal families claimed adherence to. It is the name of an early royal dynasty in India, which is said to be a solar dynasty. Though there are many versions of how the dynasty received its name, they all relate it to the sugar cane (ikṣu). In Buddhism he was said to have been miraculously born from the rishi Gautama’s semen and blood when it was heated by the sun, and subsequently hid among sugar cane. Buddha Śākyamuni was also considered to be in this family line.

Finding passages containing this term... g.187 Indraketu dbang po’i tog

དབང་པོའི་ཏོག

Indraketu

A yakṣa lord.

Finding passages containing this term... g.188 Indra­ketu­dhvaja­rāja dbang tog rgyal mtshan rgyal po

དབང་ཏོག་རྒྱལ་མཚན་རྒྱལ་པོ།

Indra­ketu­dhvaja­rāja

A buddha in the distant past, who is not mentioned in any other sūtra.

Finding passages containing this term... g.189 Ironwood flowers ke sa ra

ཀེ་ས་ར།

keśara · keśarā

Mesua ferrea, specifically “Ceylon ironwood,” also called Indian rose chestnut, Cobra’s saffron, and nāgakesara. The flowers are large and fragrant, with four white petals and a yellow center.

Finding passages containing this term... g.190 Jahnu

Ābhāsvara —

Ābhāsvara

The highest of the three paradises that are the second dhyāna paradises in the form realm.

1 passage contains this term 1 g.2 Abhāva dngos po med pa las byung · dngos po med pa las byung ba

དངོས་པོ་མེད་པ་ལས་བྱུང་། · དངོས་པོ་མེད་པ་ལས་བྱུང་བ།

Abhāva · Abhāva­samudgata

A buddha countless eons in the past.

11 passages contain this term 1234567891011 g.3 Abhirati mngon par dga’ ba

མངོན་པར་དགའ་བ།

Abhirati

The realm of Buddha Akṣobhya, beyond countless buddha realms in the eastern direction.

5 passages contain this term 12345 g.4 Absence of aspiration smon pa med pa

སྨོན་པ་མེད་པ།

apraṇihita

The absence of any conceptual goal that one is focused upon achieving, knowing that all composite phenomena create suffering. One of the three doorways to liberation.

11 passages contain this term 1234567891011 g.5 Absence of attributes mtshan ma ma mchis pa · mtshan ma med pa

མཚན་མ་མ་མཆིས་པ། · མཚན་མ་མེད་པ།

animitta

The absence of the conceptual identification of perceptions. Knowing that the true nature has no attributes, such as color, shape, etc. One of the three doorways to liberation.

Finding passages containing this term... g.6 Ācārya slob dpon

སློབ་དཔོན།

ācārya

A spiritual teacher, meaning one who knows the conduct or practice (carya) to be performed. It can also be a title for a scholar, though that is not the context in this sūtra.

Finding passages containing this term... g.7 Acintya­praṇidhāna­viśeṣa­samudgata­rāja smon lam bsam gyis mi khyab pa khyad par du ’phags pa’i rgyal po

སྨོན་ལམ་བསམ་གྱིས་མི་ཁྱབ་པ་ཁྱད་པར་དུ་འཕགས་པའི་རྒྱལ་པོ།

Acintya­praṇidhāna­viśeṣa­samudgata­rāja

A buddha countless eons in the past.

Finding passages containing this term... g.8 Affliction nyon mongs

ཉོན་མོངས།

kleśa

See “kleśa.”

Finding passages containing this term... g.9 Aggregate of correct conduct tshul khrims kyi phung po

ཚུལ་ཁྲིམས་ཀྱི་ཕུང་པོ།

—

One of the five undefiled aggregates (zag med kyi phung po lnga), the others being the aggregates of concentration (samādhi), discriminative awareness (prajñā), liberation (vimukti), and insight of the primordial wisdom of liberation (vimukti­jñāna­darśana).

Finding passages containing this term... g.10 Agnīśvara me yi dbang phyug

མེ་ཡི་དབང་ཕྱུག

Agnīśvara

Finding passages containing this term... g.11 Ailavila Ir bir

ཨཱིར་བིར།

Ailavila

Synonymous with Kubera, who, in this sūtra, is distinct from Vaiśravaṇa. The name Ailavila is derived from his mother, and means “the son of Ilavilā.”

Finding passages containing this term... g.12 Ajita mi pham pa

མི་ཕམ་པ།

Ajita

The other name of Maitreya (or Maitraka), the bodhisattva who will be the fifth buddha of the Good Eon.

Finding passages containing this term... g.13 Akaniṣṭha ’og min

འོག་མིན།

Akaniṣṭha

The highest of the seventeen paradises in the form realm. Within the form realm it is the highest of the eight paradises of the fourth dhyāna. Within the fourth dhyāna it is the highest of the five Śuddhāvāsika (pure abode) paradises.

Finding passages containing this term... g.14 Akṣobhya mi ’khrugs pa

མི་འཁྲུགས་པ།

Akṣobhya

The buddha in the eastern realm, Abhirati. Akṣobhya, who in the higher tantras is the head of one the five buddha families, the vajra family in the east, was well-known early in the Mahāyāna tradition.

Finding passages containing this term... g.15 Alakavatī lcang lo can

ལྕང་ལོ་ཅན།

Alakavatī

The world of yakṣas ruled over by Kubera.

Finding passages containing this term... g.16 Amaranth ku ra ba ka

ཀུ་ར་བ་ཀ

kurabaka

Finding passages containing this term... g.17 Amitābha ’od dpag mad

འོད་དཔག་མད།

Amitābha

The buddha of the western realm of Sukhāvatī. In the sūtras more commonly known as Amitāyus.

Finding passages containing this term... g.18 Amitāyus tshe dpag med

ཚེ་དཔག་མེད།

Amitāyus

The buddha in the realm of Sukhāvatī. Later and presently, he is better known by his alternative name, Amitābha. Not to be confused with the buddha of long life, Aparimitāyus, whose name has been incorrectly back-translated into Sanskrit as Amitāyus also.

Finding passages containing this term... g.19 Amoghadarśin mthong na don yod

མཐོང་ན་དོན་ཡོད།

Amoghadarśin · Amogha

A bodhisattva who appears in Mahāyāna sūtras.

Finding passages containing this term... g.20 An Adornment for the Precious Path to Liberation dam chos yid bzhin nor bu thar pa rin po che’i rgyan

དམ་ཆོས་ཡིད་བཞིན་ནོར་བུ་ཐར་པ་རིན་པོ་ཆེའི་རྒྱན།

—

A celebrated text on the graduated path by Gampopa, also known as the Dakpo Thargyen (dwags po thar rgyan).

Finding passages containing this term... g.21 Ānanda kun dga’ bo

ཀུན་དགའ་བོ།

Ānanda

Buddha Śākyamuni’s cousin, who was his attendant for the last twenty years of his life. He was the subject of criticism and opposition from the monastic community after the Buddha’s passing, but eventually succeeded to the position of the patriarch of Buddhism in India after the passing of the first patriarch, Mahākaśyapa.

Finding passages containing this term... g.22 Ananta mtha’ yas

མཐའ་ཡས།

Ananta

One of the principal nāga kings. Also known as Śeṣa or Anataśeṣa. Considered the source of Patañjali grammar in Buddhism. In Vaiśnavism he is the serpent that Viṣṇu rests upon in between the creations of worlds.

Finding passages containing this term... g.23 Anantaghoṣa mtha’ yas dbyangs

མཐའ་ཡས་དབྱངས།

Anantaghoṣa

The name of two separate buddhas from whom Śākyamuni received the Samādhirāja in previous lifetimes.

Finding passages containing this term... g.24 Anantanetra mtha’ yas spyan

མཐའ་ཡས་སྤྱན།

Anantanetra

Finding passages containing this term... g.25 Ananta­jñānanottara ye shes bla ma mtha’ yas pa

ཡེ་ཤེས་བླ་མ་མཐའ་ཡས་པ།

Ananta­jñānanottara

Finding passages containing this term... g.26 Anavatapta ma dros pa

མ་དྲོས་པ།

Anavatapta

The nāga king who is said to dwell in Lake Mansarovar near Kailash.

Finding passages containing this term... g.27 Aṅgiras ang gi ra

ཨང་གི་ར།

Aṅgiras · Aṅgirasā · Aṅgirasa

The rishi who is said to have composed most of the fourth Veda, the Atharvaveda.

Finding passages containing this term... g.28 Aniruddha ma ’gags pa

མ་འགགས་པ།

Aniruddha

The Buddha’s cousin, and one of his ten principal pupils. Renowned for his clairvoyance.

Finding passages containing this term... g.29 Apalāla sog med

སོག་མེད།

Apalāla

Nāga king who became a pupil of the Buddha.

Finding passages containing this term... g.30 Apramāṇābha ’tshad med ’od

འཚད་མེད་འོད།

Apramāṇābha

The second of the three paradises that are the second dhyāna paradises in the form realm.

Finding passages containing this term... g.31 Apramāṇaśubha dge chung

དགེ་ཆུང་།

Apramāṇaśubha · Aparimitaśubha

The second of the three paradises that are the third dhyāna paradises in the form realm.

Finding passages containing this term... g.32 Apsaras lha mo

ལྷ་མོ།

apsaras

In this sūtra, “apsaras” (or “apsarases” in plural) is synonymous with devī, the female equivalent of deva. In Indian culture, it is also the name for goddesses of the clouds and water, and the wives of the gandharvas.

Finding passages containing this term... g.33 Arhat dgra bcom pa

དགྲ་བཅོམ་པ།

arhat

Used both as an epithet of the Buddha and to mean the final accomplishment of early Buddhism, or the Hīnayāna.

Finding passages containing this term... g.34 Asaṃkhyeya grangs med pa

གྲངས་མེད་པ།

asaṃkhyeya

This eon is literally called “incalculable” but nevertheless has a calculated span of time and therefore, to avoid confusion, its Sanskrit name is used here. The number of years in an asaṃkhyeya eon differs in various sūtras. Twenty “intermediate eons” are said to be one asaṃkhyeya eon, and four asaṃkhyeya eons are one great eon (mahākalpa). In that case those four asaṃkhyeya eons represent the eons of the creation, presence, destruction, and absence of a world. Therefore buddhas are often described as appearing in a second asaṃkhyeya eon.

Finding passages containing this term... g.35 Asaṅga thogs med

ཐོགས་མེད།

Asaṅga

Indian master of the fourth century ᴄᴇ, and a major founder of the Yogācāra school of Buddhism.

Finding passages containing this term... g.36 Aśoka mya ngan ’tshang

མྱ་ངན་འཚང་།

aśoka

Saraca asoca. The aromatic blossoms of this plant are clustered together as orange, yellow, and red bunches of petals.

Finding passages containing this term... g.37 Aspects of enlightenment byang chub kyi phyogs

བྱང་ཆུབ་ཀྱི་ཕྱོགས།

bodhipakṣa · bodhi­pakṣa­dharma

The qualities necessary as a method to attain the enlightenment of a śrāvaka, pratyekabuddha, or buddha. There are thirty-seven of these: (1–4) the four kinds of mindfulness: mindfulness of body, sensations, mind, and phenomena; (5–8) the four correct exertions: the intention to not do bad actions that are not done, to give up bad actions that are being done, to do good actions that have not been done, and increase the good actions that are being done; (9–12) the foundations for miraculous powers: intention, diligence, mind, and analysis; (13–17) five powers: faith, diligence, mindfulness, samādhi, and wisdom; (18–22) five strengths: an even stronger form of faith, diligence, mindfulness, samādhi, and wisdom; (23–29) seven limbs of enlightenment: correct mindfulness, correct wisdom of the analysis of phenomena, correct diligence, correct joy, correct serenity, correct samādhi, and correct equanimity; and (30–37) the eightfold noble path: right view, examination, speech, action, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, and samādhi.

Finding passages containing this term... g.38 Aspiration to enlightenment byang chub kyi sems

བྱང་ཆུབ་ཀྱི་སེམས།

bodhicitta

This term has developed further meanings such as the ultimate bodhicitta of realizing emptiness, but in this sūtra it is used with its basic meaning.

Finding passages containing this term... g.39 Aster mdog mdzes

མདོག་མཛེས།

roca

Finding passages containing this term... g.40 Asura lha ma yin

ལྷ་མ་ཡིན།

asura

The asuras, sometimes called the demi-gods or titans, are the enemies of the devas, fighting with them for supremacy. They are powerful beings who live around Mount Sumeru, and are usually classified as belonging to the higher realms.

Finding passages containing this term... g.41 Atapa mi gdung

མི་གདུང་།

Atapa

The fourth highest of the seventeen paradises in the form realm, and therefore the fourth of the five Śuddhāvāsika (pure abode) paradises.

Finding passages containing this term... g.42 Atiśa jo bo rje

ཇོ་བོ་རྗེ།

Atiśa

The Bengali Buddhist master (980–1054) who came to Tibet, and whose pupils founded the Kadampa tradition.

Finding passages containing this term... g.43 Austerity yo byad bsnyungs pa

ཡོ་བྱད་བསྙུངས་པ།

saṃlekha

The Tibetan means literally “the lessening of requisites.”

Finding passages containing this term... g.44 Avadavat ka la ping ka · khu byug

ཀ་ལ་པིང་ཀ · ཁུ་བྱུག

kalaviṅka

Several species of finch belonging to the genus Amandava, part of the Estrildid finch family (Estrildidae). They are renowned as songbirds, and in Tibetan texts the Sanskrit kalaviṅka was sometimes simply transliterated ka la ping ka, sometimes translated as khu byug, “cuckoo.”

Finding passages containing this term... g.45 Avalokiteśvara spyan ras gzigs dbang phyug

སྤྱན་རས་གཟིགས་དབང་ཕྱུག

Avalokiteśvara · Avalokita

First appeared as a bodhisattva beside Amitābha in the Sukhāvatī Sūtra. The name has been variously interpreted. In “The lord of Avalokita,” Avalokita has been interpreted as “seeing,” although, as a past passive participle, it is literally “lord of what has been seen.” One of the principal sūtras in the Mahāsamghika tradition was the Avalokita Sūtra, which has not been translated into Tibetan, in which the word is a synonym for enlightenment, as it is “that which has been seen” by the buddhas. In the early tantras, he is one of the lords of the three families, as the embodiment of the compassion of the buddhas. The Potalaka Mountain in southern India became important in Southern Indian Buddhism as his residence in this world, but Potalaka does not yet feature in the Kāraṇḍavyūha Sūtra (Toh 116), which emphasized the preeminence of Avalokiteśvara above all buddhas and bodhisattvas and introduced the mantra oṃ maṇipadme hūṃ.

Finding passages containing this term... g.46 Avīci mnar med

མནར་མེད།

Avīci

The lowest hell; the eighth of the eight hot hells.

Finding passages containing this term... g.47 Avṛha mi che

མི་ཆེ།

Avṛha · Abṛha

The fifth highest of the seventeen paradises in the form realm, and therefore the fifth of the five Śuddhāvāsika (pure abode) paradises.

Finding passages containing this term... g.48 Āyatana skye mched

སྐྱེ་མཆེད།

āyatana

Sometimes translated “sense-fields” or “bases of cognition,” the term usually refers to the six sense faculties and their corresponding objects, i.e. the first twelve of the eighteen dhātu. Along with skandha and dhātu, one of the three major categories in the taxonomy of phenomena in the sūtra literature.

Finding passages containing this term... g.49 Bakula ba ku la

བ་ཀུ་ལ།

Bakula · Vakula

A yakṣa lord.

Finding passages containing this term... g.50 Bala stobs ldan

སྟོབས་ལྡན།

Bala

A leader of the asuras.

Finding passages containing this term... g.51 Bande ban de

བན་དེ།

(vanda)

A term of respect for Buddhist monks: bande in Tibet and Nepal, bhante in the Pali tradition. A middle-Indic word, it is said to be derived from vande, the BHS vocative form of the Sanskrit vanda, meaning praiseworthy or venerable, although bhante is said to be a contraction of the vocative bhadante, derived from a respectful salutation.

Finding passages containing this term... g.52 Bases of miraculous powers rdzu ’phrul gyi rkang pa

རྫུ་འཕྲུལ་གྱི་རྐང་པ།

ṛddhipāda

Four qualities of the samādhi that have the activity of eliminating negative factors: aspiration, diligence, contemplation, and analysis.

Finding passages containing this term... g.53 Belief in the existence of a self ’jig tshogs la lta ba

འཇིག་ཚོགས་ལ་ལྟ་བ།

satkāyadṛṣti

The Tibetan is literally “the view of the destructible accumulation,” and the Sanskrit is “the view of the existing body.” They mean the view that identifies the existence of a self in relation to the skandhas.

Finding passages containing this term... g.54 Bhadrapāla bzang skyong

བཟང་སྐྱོང་།

Bhadrapāla

Finding passages containing this term... g.55 Bhadrikarāja bzang ldan rgyal po

བཟང་ལྡན་རྒྱལ་པོ།

Bhadrikarāja · Bhadrika

Supreme among the upper-class monks. He became an arhat in the first rainy season. One of the first group of Śākya princes to become a monk. He is said to have been a king in many successive previous lifetimes, which is why the title of “king” is added after his name in the sūtra. He is not to be confused with the Bhadrika who was one of the Buddha’s first five pupils.

Finding passages containing this term... g.56 Bherī drum rnga chen · rnga bo che

རྔ་ཆེན། · རྔ་བོ་ཆེ།

bherī · bheri

A conical or bowl-shaped kettledrum, with an upper surface that is beaten with sticks.

Finding passages containing this term... g.57 Bhikṣu dge slong

དགེ་སློང་།

bhikṣu

Fully ordained Buddhist monk.

Finding passages containing this term... g.58 Bhikṣuṇī dge slong ma

དགེ་སློང་མ།

bhikṣuṇī

Fully ordained Buddhist nun.

Finding passages containing this term... g.59 Bhīṣmabala ’jigs btsan stobs

འཇིགས་བཙན་སྟོབས།

Bhīṣmabala

Finding passages containing this term... g.60 Bhīṣmaghoṣa ’jigs pa’i dbyangs

འཇིགས་པའི་དབྱངས།

Bhīṣmaghoṣa

Finding passages containing this term... g.61 Bhīṣmamati ’jigs btsan blo gros

འཇིགས་བཙན་བློ་གྲོས།

Bhīṣmamati

Finding passages containing this term... g.62 Bhīṣmānana ’jigs zhal

འཇིགས་ཞལ།

Bhīṣmānana

Finding passages containing this term... g.63 Bhīṣmārci ’jigs btsan ’od ’phro

འཇིགས་བཙན་འོད་འཕྲོ།

Bhīṣmārci

Finding passages containing this term... g.64 Bhīṣmasamudgata ’jigs btsan ’phags

འཇིགས་བཙན་འཕགས།

Bhīṣmasamudgata

Finding passages containing this term... g.65 Bhīṣmottara ’jigs pa’i bla ma · ’jigs mchog

འཇིགས་པའི་བླ་མ། · འཇིགས་མཆོག

Bhīṣmottara

The name of both a previous life of Buddha Śākyamuni as a king (translated as ’jigs pa’i bla ma) and the name of one of the buddhas (translated as ’jigs mchog) that Śākyamuni received the samādhi teaching from in a previous life.

Finding passages containing this term... g.66 Bhṛgu ngan spong

ངན་སྤོང་།

Bhṛgu

One of the seven great rishis of ancient India. The founder of Indian astrology.

Finding passages containing this term... g.67 Bhūmi sa

ས།

bhūmi

Literally “grounds” in which qualities grow, and also it means “levels.” Bhūmi refers specifically to levels of enlightenment, especially the ten levels of the enlightened bodhisattvas. Also translated here as “level.”

Finding passages containing this term... g.68 Bhūtamati yang dag blo gros

ཡང་དག་བློ་གྲོས།

Bhūtamati

Finding passages containing this term... g.69 Bignonia skya snar · pa ta la

སྐྱ་སྣར། · པ་ཏ་ལ།

pāṭalā

Bignonia suaveolens. The Indian species of bigonia. They have trumpet-shaped flowers and the small trees are common throughout India.

Finding passages containing this term... g.70 Blue lotus ud pa la · ud pal

ཨུད་པ་ལ། · ཨུད་པལ།

utpala

Finding passages containing this term... g.71 Bodhi tree byang chub kyi shing

བྱང་ཆུབ་ཀྱི་ཤིང་།

Bodhivṛkṣa

The tree beneath which every buddha in this world will manifest the attainment of buddhahood.

Finding passages containing this term... g.72 Bodhimaṇḍa byang chub snying po

བྱང་ཆུབ་སྙིང་པོ།

Bodhimaṇḍa

“The essence of enlightenment.” The spot in Bodhgaya where the Buddha attained enlightenment.

Finding passages containing this term... g.73 Bodhisattva byang chub sems dpa’

བྱང་ཆུབ་སེམས་དཔའ།

bodhisattva · buddhaputra

A person who is dedicated not merely to attaining liberation through attaining the state of an arhat, but to becoming a buddha. A name created from the Sanskritization of the middle-Indic bodhisatto, the Sanskrit equivalent of which was bodhisakta, “one who is fixed on enlightenment.”

Finding passages containing this term... g.74 Brahmā tshangs pa

ཚངས་པ།

Brahmā

The personification of the universal force of Brahman, the deity in the form realm, who was, during the Buddha’s time, considered in India to be the supreme deity and creator of the universe.

Finding passages containing this term... g.75 Brahmābala tshangs pa’i stobs

ཚངས་པའི་སྟོབས།

Brahmābala

Finding passages containing this term... g.76 Brahmadatta tshangs pa byin

ཚངས་པ་བྱིན།

Brahmadatta · Svara­brahma­datta

A monk who was a previous incarnation of Buddha Dīpaṃkara.

Finding passages containing this term... g.77 Brahmādeva tshangs pa’i lha

ཚངས་པའི་ལྷ།

Brahmādeva

Finding passages containing this term... g.78 Brahmaghoṣa tshangs pa’i dbyangs

ཚངས་པའི་དབྱངས།

Brahmaghoṣa

Finding passages containing this term... g.79 Brahmakāyika tshangs ris

ཚངས་རིས།

Brahmakāyika

The lowest of the three paradises that are the paradises of the first dhyāna in the form realm. The class of devas who live in the paradise of Brahmā.

Finding passages containing this term... g.80 Brahmānana tshangs pa’i zhal

ཚངས་པའི་ཞལ།

Brahmānana

Finding passages containing this term... g.81 Brahmapurohita tshangs pa’i mdun ’don

ཚངས་པའི་མདུན་འདོན།

Brahmapurohita

The second of the three paradises that are the paradises of the first dhyāna in the form realm.

Finding passages containing this term... g.82 Brahmaśrava tshangs pa’i snyan

ཚངས་པའི་སྙན།

Brahmaśrava

Finding passages containing this term... g.83 Brahmasvarāṅga tshangs pa’i sgra dbyangs

ཚངས་པའི་སྒྲ་དབྱངས།

Brahmasvarāṅga

Finding passages containing this term... g.84 Brahmavasu tshangs nor

ཚངས་ནོར།

Brahmavasu

Finding passages containing this term... g.85 Brahmavihāra tshangs pa’i gnas

ཚངས་པའི་གནས།

brahmavihāra

The four qualities that are said to result in rebirth in the paradise of Brahmā, and were a practice already prevalent before Śākyamuni’s teaching, are limitless love, compassion, rejoicing, and equanimity.

Finding passages containing this term... g.86 Brahma­narendra­netra tshanga pa’i mi dbang spyan

ཚང་པའི་མི་དབང་སྤྱན།

Brahma­narendra­netra

Finding passages containing this term... g.87 Brahmeśvara tshangs pa’i dbang phyug

ཚངས་པའི་དབང་ཕྱུག

Brahmeśvara

Name of two past buddhas from whom Śākyamuni received the samādhi teachings.

Finding passages containing this term... g.88 Breadfruit pa na

པ་ན།

panasa

Finding passages containing this term... g.89 Bṛhaspati phur bu

ཕུར་བུ།

Bṛhaspati

Both the deity of the planet Jupiter and the guru of the devas.

Finding passages containing this term... g.90 Brilliance ’od ’phro · ’od ’phro ba

འོད་འཕྲོ། · འོད་འཕྲོ་བ།

arciṣmatī

The fourth bodhisattva bhūmi.

Finding passages containing this term... g.91 Brother tshe dang ldan pa

ཚེ་དང་ལྡན་པ།

ayuśman

A respectful form of address between monks and also lay companions of equal standing. Literally: one who has a [long] life.

Finding passages containing this term... g.92 Buddha qualities sangs rgyas kyi chos

སངས་རྒྱས་ཀྱི་ཆོས།

buddhadharmāḥ

These qualities unique to a buddha are eighteen in number: the ten strengths; the four fearlessness; mindfulness of body, speech, and mind; and compassion.

Finding passages containing this term... g.93 Caitya mchod rten

མཆོད་རྟེན།

caitya · cetiya

Sometimes synonymous with stūpa, but can refer to a temple that may or may not contain a stūpa, or any place or thing that is worthy of veneration. The Tibetan translation is identical for stūpa and caitya.

Finding passages containing this term... g.94 Cakravāla ’khor yug

འཁོར་ཡུག

Cakravāla · Cakravāḍa

“Circular mass.” There are at least three interpretations of what this name refers to. In the Kṣitigarbha Sutra it is a mountain that contains the hells, in which case it is equivalent to the Vaḍaba submarine mountain of fire, also said to be the entrance to the hells. More commonly it is the name of the outer ring of mountains at the edge of the flat disk that is the world, with Sumeru in the center. This is also equated with Vaḍaba, the heat of which evaporates the ocean so that it does not overflow. Jambudvīpa, the world of humans is in this sea to Sumeru’s south. However, it is also used to mean the entire disk, including Sumeru and the paradises above it.

Finding passages containing this term... g.95 Cakravartin ’khor los sgyur ba

འཁོར་ལོས་སྒྱུར་བ།

cakravartin

A king with a magical wheel—wherever it rolls becomes his kingdom, so that he may rule over one to four continents.

Finding passages containing this term... g.96 Candrabhānu zla ba’i ’od zer

ཟླ་བའི་འོད་ཟེར།

Candrabhānu

Finding passages containing this term... g.97 Candrakīrti zla ba grags pa

ཟླ་བ་གྲགས་པ།

Candrakīrti

A prominent seventh-century master of the Madhyamaka (Middle Way) tradition.

Finding passages containing this term... g.98 Candrānana zla ba’i zhal

ཟླ་བའི་ཞལ།

Candrānana

Finding passages containing this term... g.99 Candraprabha zla ’od

ཟླ་འོད།

Candraprabha

The young man of Rājagrha who is the principal interlocutor for the Samādhirājasūtra. He is frequently addressed as “youth” or “young man,” (Skt. kumāra; Tib. gzhon nu); see “the youth Candraprabha.”

Finding passages containing this term... g.100 Cāturmahā­rāja­kāyika rgyal po chen po bzhi’i ris

རྒྱལ་པོ་ཆེན་པོ་བཞིའི་རིས།

Cāturmahā­rāja­kāyika

Finding passages containing this term... g.101 Cherry wood shug pa

ཤུག་པ།

padmaka

Also known as Wild Himalayan Cherry, Sour Cherry, and Costus Speciosus.

Finding passages containing this term... g.102 Clouds of Dharma chos sprin · chos kyi sprin

ཆོས་སྤྲིན། · ཆོས་ཀྱི་སྤྲིན།

Dharmameghā

The tenth bodhisattva bhūmi.

Finding passages containing this term... g.103 Conceptualization mtshan ma

མཚན་མ།

nimitta

Literally “signs,” or attributes.

Finding passages containing this term... g.104 Conceptualization spros pa

སྤྲོས་པ།

prapañca

An etymologically obscure term, which can mean elaboration, diffusion, or expansion, but is basically describing the mind’s conceptualization, and is always connected to the words for notions and ideas, and mental fabrications.

Finding passages containing this term... g.105 Coral tree man dA ra ba

མན་དཱ་ར་བ།

māndārava

Finding passages containing this term... g.106 Correct exertion yang dag par spong ba

ཡང་དག་པར་སྤོང་བ།

samyakprahāṇa

There are four kinds: the intention to not do bad actions that have not been done, to give up bad actions that are being done, to do good actions that have not been done, and to increase the good actions that are being done. Exertion is in accordance with the meaning in Buddhist Sanskrit. The Tibetan is translated as “abandonment” as in classical Sanskrit, which does not fit the context.

Finding passages containing this term... g.107 Cyavana spen pa

སྤེན་པ།

Cyavana

A rishi of ancient India, the son of Rishi Bhṛgu, known for having become a youth again after he had reached an old age.

Finding passages containing this term... g.108 Dānta dul

དུལ།

Dānta

Finding passages containing this term... g.109 Dāntottara dul mchog

དུལ་མཆོག

Dāntottara

Finding passages containing this term... g.110 Daśa­śata­raśmihutārci nyi ma me’i ’od ’phro can

ཉི་མ་མེའི་འོད་འཕྲོ་ཅན།

Daśa­śata­raśmihutārci

Finding passages containing this term... g.111 Deva lha

ལྷ།

deva

A being in the paradises from the base of Mount Meru upward. Also can refer to a deity in the human world.

Finding passages containing this term... g.112 Devadatta lhas byin · lha sbyin · lha byin

ལྷས་བྱིན། · ལྷ་སྦྱིན། · ལྷ་བྱིན།

Devadatta

A cousin of Buddha Śākyamuni who broke with him and established his own community. His tradition was still continuing during the first millennium ᴄᴇ. He is portrayed as engendering evil schemes against the Buddha and even succeeding in wounding him. He is usually identified with wicked beings in accounts of previous lifetimes.

Finding passages containing this term... g.113 Devendra lha dbang

ལྷ་དབང་།

Devendra

Another name for Śakra, aka Indra.

1 passage contains this term 1 g.114 Dhāraṇī gzungs

གཟུངས།

dhāraṇī

See “retention.”

13 passages contain this term 12345678910111213 g.115 Dharmabala chos kyi stobs ldan

ཆོས་ཀྱི་སྟོབས་ལྡན།

Dharmabala

1 passage contains this term 1 g.116 Dharmabhāṇaka chos smra ba

ཆོས་སྨྲ་བ།

dharmabhāṇaka

Speaker or reciter of scriptures. In early Buddhism a section of the sangha would be bhāṇakas, who, particularly before the teachings were written down and were only transmitted orally, were the key factor in the preservation of the teachings. Various groups of dharmabhāṇakas specialized in memorizing and reciting a certain set of sūtras or vinaya.

64 passages contain this term 12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849505152535455565758596061626364 g.117 Dharmadhvaja chos kyi rgyal mtshan

ཆོས་ཀྱི་རྒྱལ་མཚན།

Dharmadhvaja

1 passage contains this term 1 g.118 Dharmakāya chos kyi sku

ཆོས་ཀྱི་སྐུ།

dharmakāya

In distinction to the rūpakāya, or “form body” of a buddha, this is the eternal, imperceivable realization of a buddha. In origin it was a term for the presence of the Dharma, and has come to be synonymous with the true nature.

22 passages contain this term 12345678910111213141516171819202122 g.119 Dharmaketu chos kyi tog

ཆོས་ཀྱི་ཏོག

Dharmaketu

Finding passages containing this term... g.120 Dharmatāśīla chos nyid tshul khrims

ཆོས་ཉིད་ཚུལ་ཁྲིམས།

Dharmatāśīla

The 9th century Tibetan translator of this text.

Finding passages containing this term... g.121 Dharmavyūha chos bkod pa

ཆོས་བཀོད་པ།

Dharmavyūha

Finding passages containing this term... g.122 Dharma­svabhāvodgata chos kyi rang bzhin ’phags

ཆོས་ཀྱི་རང་བཞིན་འཕགས།

Dharma­svabhāvodgata

Finding passages containing this term... g.123 Dharmottara chos kyi bla ma

ཆོས་ཀྱི་བླ་མ།

Dharmottara

Finding passages containing this term... g.124 Dhātu khams

ཁམས།

dhātu

Often translated “element,” commonly in the context of the eighteen elements of sensory experience (the six sense faculties, their six respective objects, and the six sensory consciousnesses), although the term has a wide range of other meanings. Along with skandha and āyatana, one of the three major categories in the taxonomy of phenomena in the sūtra literature.

Finding passages containing this term... g.125 Dhṛtarāṣṭra yul ’khor srung · ngang skya

ཡུལ་འཁོར་སྲུང་། · ངང་སྐྱ།

Dhṛtarāṣṭra

One of the four mahārājas, he is the guardian deity for the east and traditionally lord of the gandharvas, though in this sūtra he appears to be king of the nāgas. It is also the name of a goose king that was one of the Buddha’s previous lives, and in that instance it is translated into Tibetan as ngang skya.

Finding passages containing this term... g.126 Dhyāna bsam gtan

བསམ་གཏན།

dhyāna

Sometimes translated as “absorption” or “meditative absorption,” this is one of several similar but specific terms for particualr states of mind to be cultivated. Dhyāna is the term often used in the context of eight successive stages, four of form and four formless.

Finding passages containing this term... g.127 Difficult to Master shin tu sbyang dka’ · rgyal bar dka’ ba

ཤིན་ཏུ་སྦྱང་དཀའ། · རྒྱལ་བར་དཀའ་བ།

sudurjayā

The fifth bodhisattva bhūmi.

Finding passages containing this term... g.128 Dīpaṃkara mar me mdzad

མར་མེ་མཛད།

Dīpaṃkara

A previous buddha who gave Śākyamuni the prophecy of his buddhahood.

Finding passages containing this term... g.129 Dīpaprabha mar me mdzad

མར་མེ་མཛད།

Dīpaprabha

A previous buddha in the distant past.

Finding passages containing this term... g.130 Discernment so so yang dag par rig pa

སོ་སོ་ཡང་དག་པར་རིག་པ།

pratisaṃvida

There are four: the discernments of meaning, phenomena, definitions, and eloquence.

Finding passages containing this term... g.131 Disciplines of mendicancy sbyangs pa’i yon tan · sbyangs dag · sbyangs tshul

སྦྱངས་པའི་ཡོན་ཏན། · སྦྱངས་དག · སྦྱངས་ཚུལ།

dhūtaguṇa · dhūta

Ascetic practices that are optional for monks and nuns or undertaken only for a defined time period. They are traditionally listed as being twelve in number: (1) wearing rags (pāṃśukūlika, phyag dar khrod pa), (2) (in the form of only) three religious robes (traicīvarika, chos gos gsum), (3) (coarse in texture as) garments of felt (nāma[n]tika, ’phyings pa pa), (4) eating by alms (paiṇḍapātika, bsod snyoms pa), (5) having a single mat to sit on (aikāsanika, stan gcig pa), (6) not eating after noon (khalu paścād bhaktika, zas phyis mi len pa), (7) living alone in the forest (āraṇyaka, dgon pa pa), (8) living at the base of a tree (vṛkṣamūlika, shing drungs pa), (9) living in the open (ābhyavakāśika, bla gab med pa), (10) frequenting cemeteries (śmāśānika, dur khrod pa), (11) sleeping sitting up (naiṣadika, cog bu pa), and (12) accepting whatever seating position is offered (yāthāsaṃstarika, gzhi ji bzhin pa); this last of the twelve is sometimes interpreted as not omitting any house on the almsround, i.e. regardless of any reception expected. Mahāvyutpatti, 1127-39.

Finding passages containing this term... g.132 Distinct qualities of a buddha sangs rgyas gyi chos ma ’dres pa

སངས་རྒྱས་གྱི་ཆོས་མ་འདྲེས་པ།

āveṇika­buddha­dharma

There are eighteen such special qualities unique to a buddha. They are as follows: he never makes a mistake; he is never boisterous; he never forgets; his concentration never falters; he has no notion of distinctness; his equanimity is not due to lack of consideration; his motivation never falters; his endeavor never fails; his mindfulness never falters; he never abandons his concentration; his wisdom never decreases; his liberation never fails; all his physical actions are preceded and followed by wisdom; all his verbal actions are preceded and followed by wisdom; all his mental actions are preceded and followed by wisdom; his knowledge and vision perceive the past without any attachment or hindrance; his knowledge and vision perceive the future without any attachment or hindrance; and his knowledge and vision perceive the present without any attachment or hindrance.

Finding passages containing this term... g.133 Doorways to liberation rnam par thar pa’i sgo

རྣམ་པར་ཐར་པའི་སྒོ།

vimokṣamukha

Emptiness, absence of attributes, and absence of aspiration.

Finding passages containing this term... g.134 Dṛḍhabala stobs brtan

སྟོབས་བརྟན།

Dṛḍhabala

A king in the time of Buddha Ghoṣadatta. Also the father of the rebirth of King Śirībala in the time of Buddha Narendraghoṣa.

Finding passages containing this term... g.135 Dṛdhadatta brtan pas byin

བརྟན་པས་བྱིན།

Dṛdhadatta

A king in the distant past.

Finding passages containing this term... g.136 Dṛḍhaśūra dpa’ brtan

དཔའ་བརྟན།

Dṛḍhaśūra

The name of all the buddhas who had been followers of King Mahābala in a previous lifetime.

Finding passages containing this term... g.137 Droṇa sgrom

སྒྲོམ།

droṇa

A measure of capacity or volume, and sometimes of weight, roughly equivalent to 5 liters or 9.5 kilograms. It can also be used to denote a vessel or container of that capacity, hence the Tibetan translation here sgrom, “box” or “chest,” which is a little misleading in the passage in this text.

Finding passages containing this term... g.138 Druma ljon pa

ལྗོན་པ།

Druma

King of the kiṃnaras.

Finding passages containing this term... g.139 Dundubhisvara rnga dbyangs

རྔ་དབྱངས།

Dundubhisvara

A bodhisattva who only appears in Mahāyāna sūtras. It is also a name for various buddhas, including an alternative name for Buddha Amoghasiddhi. Incorrectly translated as mngon par ’byung dka’

Finding passages containing this term... g.140 Durabhisambhava mngon par ’byung dka’ · ’byung dka’

མངོན་པར་འབྱུང་དཀའ། · འབྱུང་དཀའ།

Durabhisambhava

Name of a bodhisattva only mentioned in one other sūtra.

Finding passages containing this term... g.141 Durvāsa dkar bar gnas

དཀར་བར་གནས།

Durvāsa

Ancient Indian sage, known primarily for tales of his short temper and the curses he inflicted, hence the meaning of his name: “difficult to live with.”

Finding passages containing this term... g.142 Eight disadvantageous states mi khom brgyad

མི་ཁོམ་བརྒྱད།

aṣṭākṣaṇa

Being reborn in hell, or as a preta, an animal, or a long-lived deity (of the formless realms), or being a human in a time without a Buddha’s teaching, in a land without the teaching, with a defective mind, or without faith.

Finding passages containing this term... g.143 Elapatra e la’i ’dab ma

ཨེ་ལའི་འདབ་མ།

Elapatra

A nāga king who in the lifetime of the previous buddha had cut down a tree and had therefore been reborn as a nāga. Residing in Taxila, he is said to have miraculously extended himself to where the Buddha was present. This tale is found represented in ancient sculpture.

Finding passages containing this term... g.144 Eloquence spobs pa

སྤོབས་པ།

pratibhāna

The Tibetan word literally means “confidence” or “courage” but it refers to confident speech, to being perfectly eloquent.

Finding passages containing this term... g.145 Emptiness stong pa nyid

སྟོང་པ་ཉིད།

śūnyatā

In the Mahāyāna this is the term for how phenomena are devoid of any nature of their own. One of the three doorways to liberation along with the absence of aspiration and the absence of attributes.

Finding passages containing this term... g.146 Erysipelas ’brum bu me dbal

འབྲུམ་བུ་མེ་དབལ།

visarpa

A bacterial infection of the skin, also called Ignis Sacer and St. Anthony’s Fire. The Tibetan means “fireflames.” Its worst form as described in the sūtra is “necrotizing fasciitis,” when the skin and flesh beneath blacken and die; it can lead quickly to death.

Finding passages containing this term... g.147 Essence of phenomena chos kyi dbyings

ཆོས་ཀྱི་དབྱིངས།

dharmadhātu

Defined in the commentary as the ultimate nature of phenomena, or the supreme among phenomena. Also defined as the essence of the Dharma. Literally “the element of phenomena, or the Dharma.” This term is also used to mean “the realm of phenomena,” meaning all phenomena.

Finding passages containing this term... g.148 Fata morgana dri za’i grong khyer

དྲི་ཟའི་གྲོང་ཁྱེར།

gandharvapura

A particular kind of mirage in which buildings, mountains, and so on can appear in the sky above the horizon. In India, called the “city of gandharvas,” as it was believed to be a glimpse of the residences of these divine beings.

Finding passages containing this term... g.149 Fearlessness mi ’jigs pa

མི་འཇིགས་པ།

vaiśaradya

This refers to the four confidences or fearlessnesses of the Buddha: confidence in having attained realization, confidence in having fully eliminated all defilements, confidence in teaching the Dharma, and confidence in teaching the path of aspiration to liberation.

Finding passages containing this term... g.150 Fenugreek spri ka

སྤྲི་ཀ

spṛkka · spṛka · sprkṣya

Finding passages containing this term... g.151 Fig-tree flowers u dum bA ra’i me tog

ཨུ་དུམ་བཱ་རའི་མེ་ཏོག

udumbarakusuma

A simile for rarity, as fig trees do not have discernible blossoms. In Tibet the udumbara (Ficus glomerata), being unknown, became portrayed as a gigantic lotuslike flower. The Chinese adds the adjective “rare” and, like the Tibetan, simply transliterates udumbara.

Finding passages containing this term... g.152 Five strengths stobs lnga

སྟོབས་ལྔ།

pañcabala

The five strengths are a stronger form of the five powers: faith, mindfulness, diligence, samādhi, and wisdom.

Finding passages containing this term... g.153 Fourfold assembly ’khor bzhi

འཁོར་བཞི།

catuḥparṣad

Male and female lay followers, and male and female monastic followers.

Finding passages containing this term... g.154 Gambhīraghoṣa sgra dbyangs zab mo

སྒྲ་དབྱངས་ཟབ་མོ།

Gambhīraghoṣa

Finding passages containing this term... g.155 Gampopa sgam po pa

སྒམ་པོ་པ།

—

Gampopa Sonam Rinchen (sgam po pa bsod nams rin chen, 1079–1153). A disciple of Milarepa, and the founder of the monastic Kagyu tradition; also known as Dakpopa (dwags po pa) or Dakpo Lharjé (dwags po lha rje).

Finding passages containing this term... g.156 Gaṇābhibhu tshogs rnams zil gnon

ཚོགས་རྣམས་ཟིལ་གནོན།

Gaṇābhibhu

Finding passages containing this term... g.157 Gaṇamukhya tshog gtso

ཚོག་གཙོ།

Gaṇamukhya

Finding passages containing this term... g.158 Gandhahasti spos kyi glang po che

སྤོས་ཀྱི་གླང་པོ་ཆེ།

Gandhahasti

A principal bodhisattva in the Mahāyāna sūtras. He is described in this sūtra as coming from Akṣobhya’s realm.

Finding passages containing this term... g.159 Gandhamādana spos ngad can · spos ngad ldang · spos nad ldan

སྤོས་ངད་ཅན། · སྤོས་ངད་ལྡང་། · སྤོས་ནད་ལྡན།

Gandhamādana

A legendary mountain north of the Himalayas, with Lake Anavatapta, the source of the worlds great rivers, at its base. It is said to be south of Mount Kailash, though both have been identified with Mount Tise in west Tibet.

Finding passages containing this term... g.160 Gandharva dri za

དྲི་ཟ།

gandharva

A race of deities who are particularly known to be musicians.

Finding passages containing this term... g.161 Gaṇendra tshogs dbang

ཚོགས་དབང་།

Gaṇendra

Finding passages containing this term... g.162 Gaṇendraśūra tshogs dbang dpa’ bo

ཚོགས་དབང་དཔའ་བོ།

Gaṇendraśūra

Finding passages containing this term... g.163 Gaṇeśvara tshogs kyi dbang phyug

ཚོགས་ཀྱི་དབང་ཕྱུག

Gaṇeśvara

A name that appears twice in the list of buddhas from whom Śākyamuni in previous lifetimes received the Samādhirāja, and who is described in particular in chapter 38.

Finding passages containing this term... g.164 Gaṇivara tshogs bzang

ཚོགས་བཟང་།

Gaṇivara

Finding passages containing this term... g.165 Gaṇivara­pramocaka tshogs bzang rab tu rnam par ’byed

ཚོགས་བཟང་རབ་ཏུ་རྣམ་པར་འབྱེད།

Gaṇivara­pramocaka

Finding passages containing this term... g.166 Gardabhaka bong bu

བོང་བུ།

Gardabhaka

A powerful yakṣa of the Himalayas.

1 passage contains this term 1 g.167 Gardenia bar sha ka

བར་ཤ་ཀ

vārṣika · vāraṣika

1 passage contains this term 1 g.168 Gargā gar gA

གར་གཱ།

Gargā

A famous Puranic rishi of India, who features particularly in the Vaishnavite literature.

1 passage contains this term 1 g.169 Garuḍa khyung

ཁྱུང་།

garuḍa

A supernatural being that is a gigantic bird with humanoid features.

12 passages contain this term 123456789101112 g.170 Gautama gau ta ma

གཽ་ཏ་མ།

Gautama

One of the seven great rishis of ancient India. Author of some of the vedas. His Dharmasūtra specified renunciation as yellow robes, shaved head, and being called a bhikṣu. Buddha Śākyamuni was his descendant.

3 passages contain this term 123 g.171 Ghoṣadatta dbyangs byin

དབྱངས་བྱིན།

Ghoṣadatta

A buddha in the distant past.

22 passages contain this term 12345678910111213141516171819202122 g.172 Ghoṣānana dbyangs kyi zhal

དབྱངས་ཀྱི་ཞལ།

Ghoṣānana

Finding passages containing this term... g.173 Ghoṣeśvara dbyangs kyi dbang phyug

དབྱངས་ཀྱི་དབང་ཕྱུག

Ghoṣeśvara

Finding passages containing this term... g.174 Girivalgu ri bo legs pa

རི་བོ་ལེགས་པ།

Girivalgu · Girika

A nāga king who was a devotee of the Buddha. King Bimbisara once banished him and another nāga because they did not honor him. A drought occurred, and on the Buddha’s advice, he asked the nāgas for their forgiveness.

Finding passages containing this term... g.175 Gone Far ring du song · ring du song ba

རིང་དུ་སོང་། · རིང་དུ་སོང་བ།

dūraṃgamā

The seventh bodhisattva bhūmi.

Finding passages containing this term... g.176 Good beings skyes bu dam pa

སྐྱེས་བུ་དམ་པ།

satpuruṣa

Finding passages containing this term... g.177 Good Eon skal pa bzang po

སྐལ་པ་བཟང་པོ།

Bhadrakalpa · Bhadraka

Our present eon in which over a thousand buddhas will appear. The meaning is “good” because of the number of buddhas that will appear. In the sūtra, it is usually called bhadraka.

Finding passages containing this term... g.178 Gośīrṣa go Sir Sa · ba glang gi spos · ba glang mgo

གོ་Sཨིར་Sཨ། · བ་གླང་གི་སྤོས། · བ་གླང་མགོ

gośīrṣa · gauśīrṣa

A type of sandalwood that is reddish in color and has medicinal properties. It is said to have the finest fragrance of all sandalwood. In the Mahāvyutpatti it is translated as sa mchog, which means “supreme earth.” Later translations translate gośirṣa literally as “ox-head,” which is said to refer to the shape or name of the mountain where it grows. Appears to be red sandalwood, though that appears separately in the list of incenses.

Finding passages containing this term... g.179 Gṛdhrakūṭa rgod kyi phung po

རྒོད་ཀྱི་ཕུང་པོ།

Gṛdhrakūṭa

See “Vulture Peak.”

Finding passages containing this term... g.180 Guhyaka gsang ba po

གསང་བ་པོ།

guhyaka

A class of devas that, like the yakṣas, are ruled over by Kubera, but are also said to be his most trusted helpers.

Finding passages containing this term... g.181 Hibiscus s+thA la ka

སྠཱ་ལ་ཀ

sthālaka

Finding passages containing this term... g.182 Higher cognition mngon par shes pa

མངོན་པར་ཤེས་པ།

abhijñā

The higher cognitions are listed as either five or six. The first five are: clairvoyance (divine sight), divine hearing, knowing how to manifest miracles, remembering previous lives, knowing what is in the minds of others. A sixth, knowing that all defects have been eliminated, is often added. The first five are attained through dhyāna, and are sometimes described as worldly, as they can be attained to some extent by non-Buddhist yogis; while the sixth is supramundane and attained only by realization—by bodhisattvas, or according to some accounts only by buddhas.

Finding passages containing this term... g.183 Himagiri kha ba can gyi ri

ཁ་བ་ཅན་གྱི་རི།

Himagiri

Synonymous with Himavat. This “mountain” is actually the entire Himalayan range.

Finding passages containing this term... g.184 Himavat gangs kyi ri

གངས་ཀྱི་རི།

Himavat

Synonymous with Himagiri. This “mountain” is actually the entire Himalayan range.

Finding passages containing this term... g.185 Identification ’du shes

འདུ་ཤེས།

saṃjña

The mental process of identifying various perceived phenomena. One of the five skandhas.

Finding passages containing this term... g.186 Ikṣvāku bu ram shing

བུ་རམ་ཤིང་།

Ikṣvāku

This is a family lineage that many royal families claimed adherence to. It is the name of an early royal dynasty in India, which is said to be a solar dynasty. Though there are many versions of how the dynasty received its name, they all relate it to the sugar cane (ikṣu). In Buddhism he was said to have been miraculously born from the rishi Gautama’s semen and blood when it was heated by the sun, and subsequently hid among sugar cane. Buddha Śākyamuni was also considered to be in this family line.

Finding passages containing this term... g.187 Indraketu dbang po’i tog

དབང་པོའི་ཏོག

Indraketu

A yakṣa lord.

2 passages contain this term 12 g.188 Indra­ketu­dhvaja­rāja dbang tog rgyal mtshan rgyal po

དབང་ཏོག་རྒྱལ་མཚན་རྒྱལ་པོ།

Indra­ketu­dhvaja­rāja

A buddha in the distant past, who is not mentioned in any other sūtra.

5 passages contain this term 12345 g.189 Ironwood flowers ke sa ra

ཀེ་ས་ར།

keśara · keśarā

Mesua ferrea, specifically “Ceylon ironwood,” also called Indian rose chestnut, Cobra’s saffron, and nāgakesara. The flowers are large and fragrant, with four white petals and a yellow center.

2 passages contain this term 12 g.190 Jahnu rgyal byed

རྒྱལ་བྱེད།

Jahnu

A rishi of ancient India, who was said to have swallowed the Ganges when it first appeared, and then on being supplicated allowed it to come out of his ear.

1 passage contains this term 1 g.191 Jaimini ’dza’ man

འཛའ་མན།

Jaimini · Jāmani · Jāmaṇi

A rishi who was a pupil of Vyāsa, the first master of the Sāmaveda and the source of the Mīmāṃsā tradition.

1 passage contains this term 1 g.192 Jamadagni ’dza’ mag ni

འཛའ་མག་ནི།

Jamadagni · Jāmadagni

One of the seven great rishis of ancient India. Also known as the father of Paraśurāma, the sixth incarnation of Viṣṇu.

1 passage contains this term 1 g.193 Jambu River ’dzam bu

འཛམ་བུ།

Jambu

Legendary river carrying the remains of the golden fruit of a legendary jambu (rose apple) tree.

Finding passages containing this term... g.194 Jambudhvaja ’dzam bu rgyal mtshan

འཛམ་བུ་རྒྱལ་མཚན།

Jambudhvaja

An alternative name for Jambudvīpa (rose-apple continent), which means “rose-apple banner.”

Finding passages containing this term... g.195 Jambudvīpa ’dzam bu gling

འཛམ་བུ་གླིང་།

Jambudvīpa

The name of the southern continent in Buddhist cosmology, which can mean the known world of humans or more specifically the Indian subcontinent. A gigantic, miraculous rose-apple (jambu) tree at the source of the great Indian rivers is said to give the continent its name.

Finding passages containing this term... g.196 Jasmine mal li ka · mA li ka

མལ་ལི་ཀ · མཱ་ལི་ཀ

mālika · māllika

Finding passages containing this term... g.197 Jina rgyal ba

རྒྱལ་བ།

jina

The most common epithet of the buddhas, and also common among the Jains, hence their name. It means “the victorious one.”

Finding passages containing this term... g.198 Jinaputra rgyal ba’i sras

རྒྱལ་བའི་སྲས།

jinaputra

“Son of the Jina,” a synonym for bodhisattva.

Finding passages containing this term... g.199 Jñānabala ye shes kyi stobs

ཡེ་ཤེས་ཀྱི་སྟོབས།

Jñānabala

A cakravartin king countless eons in the past.

Finding passages containing this term... g.200 Jñānābala ye shes stobs

ཡེ་ཤེས་སྟོབས།

Jñānābala

A buddha countless eons in the past.

Finding passages containing this term... g.201 Jñānābhibhū zil gyis ma non ye shes

ཟིལ་གྱིས་མ་ནོན་ཡེ་ཤེས།

Jñānābhibhū

Finding passages containing this term... g.202 Jñānābhyudgata ye shes mngon par ’phags

ཡེ་ཤེས་མངོན་པར་འཕགས།

Jñānābhyudgata

Finding passages containing this term... g.203 Jñānaprabhāsa ye shes snang ba

ཡེ་ཤེས་སྣང་བ།

Jñānaprabhāsa

A buddha countless eons in the past.

Finding passages containing this term... g.204 Jñānārcimat ye shes ’od ’phro

ཡེ་ཤེས་འོད་འཕྲོ།

Jñānārcimat

Finding passages containing this term... g.205 Jñānasamudgata ye shes yang dag ’phags · yang dag ’phags

ཡེ་ཤེས་ཡང་དག་འཕགས། · ཡང་དག་འཕགས།

Jñānasamudgata

Finding passages containing this term... g.206 Jñānaśūra ye shes dpa’ ba

ཡེ་ཤེས་དཔའ་བ།

Jñānaśūra

A past buddha who eons previously had been King Mahābala. Also the name of one of the two hundred buddhas Śākyamuni had received the samādhi teaching from in previous lifetimes.

Finding passages containing this term... g.207 Jñānāvatī ye shes ldan

ཡེ་ཤེས་ལྡན།

Jñānāvatī

A princess countless eons ago.

Finding passages containing this term... g.208 Jñānaviśeṣaga ye shes bye brag ’gro

ཡེ་ཤེས་བྱེ་བྲག་འགྲོ།

Jñānaviśeṣaga

Finding passages containing this term... g.209 Jñāneśvara ye shes dbang phyug

ཡེ་ཤེས་དབང་ཕྱུག

Jñāneśvara

Finding passages containing this term... g.210 Jyotirasa skar ma la dga’ ba

སྐར་མ་ལ་དགའ་བ།

Jyotirasa

Finding passages containing this term... g.211 Kachnar a ti muk ta ka · a ti mug ta ka

ཨ་ཏི་མུཀ་ཏ་ཀ · ཨ་ཏི་མུག་ཏ་ཀ

atimuktaka

Phanera variegata. One of the most beautiful and aromatic of Indian trees, also known as orchid tree, mountain ebony, and camel’s foot tree.

Finding passages containing this term... g.212 Kāla nag po

ནག་པོ།

Kāla

Kāla was the son of Anāthapiṇḍada (Pali: Anāthapindika), the merchant who donated to the Buddha the land for the Jetavana Monastery.

Finding passages containing this term... g.213 Kālika dus can

དུས་ཅན།

Kālika

A nāga king who became a pupil of the Buddha. Gandhara scultpures represent his conversion.

Finding passages containing this term... g.214 Kalyāṇamitra dge ba’i bshes gnyen

དགེ་བའི་བཤེས་གཉེན།

kalyāṇamitra

A title for a teacher of the spiritual path, often translated “spiritual friend.”

Finding passages containing this term... g.215 Kamalaśīla ka ma la shI la

ཀ་མ་ལ་ཤཱི་ལ།

Kamalaśīla

Indian Buddhist master (713–763) who came to Tibet in the late 8th century. Said to have been assassinated after a debate with the representatives of Chinese Buddhism. A later legend has him return to India and come back in another body in the eleventh century as the master Padampa Sangye.

Finding passages containing this term... g.216 Kañcika kon tsi

ཀོན་ཙི།

Kañciku (Gilgit ms.)

Appears to mean “a person from Kañci.” Unidentified. Possibly a description of Pūrna, who is next in the list of the Buddha’s disciples. Alternatively this may be Kaccāna, also known as Kaccāyana, but principally as Katyayāna, one of the Buddha’s ten principal pupils.

Finding passages containing this term... g.217 Kapilavastu ser skya’i grong

སེར་སྐྱའི་གྲོང་།

Kapila

The Buddha’s home town.

Finding passages containing this term... g.218 Kapphiṇa ka phi na

ཀ་ཕི་ན།

Kapphiṇa · Kaphina

A principal teacher of the monastic saṅgha during the Buddha’s lifetime. Described as pale skinned and with a prominent nose.

Finding passages containing this term... g.219 Karmapa karma pa

ཀརྨ་པ།

—

Successive incarnations as the heads of the Karma Kagyu tradition, beginning with Dusum Khyenpa (dus gsum mkhyen pa, 1110–1193).

Finding passages containing this term... g.220 Karnikara kar ni · dong ka · dkar ni

ཀར་ནི། · དོང་ཀ · དཀར་ནི།

karṇikāra · mucilinda

Pterospermum acerifolium. Other names include bayur, muchakunda, muchalinda, and dinner-plate tree.

Finding passages containing this term... g.221 Karoṭapāṇi lag na gzhong thogs

ལག་ན་གཞོང་ཐོགས།

Karoṭapāṇi

One of the three classes of yakṣas at the base of Sumeru, below the paradises of the mahārājas, as part of the lowest class of paradises in the desire realm. Their name means “those who have basins in their hands.” They are said to be at the very base of Sumeru, and worry that the rising ocean is going to flood them. Because they are continually bailing out water with the basins, they are unable to follow the path to enlightenment.

Finding passages containing this term... g.222 Kārttika ston zla tha chung · ston zla tha chungs · ston zla tha chungs smin drug

སྟོན་ཟླ་ཐ་ཆུང་། · སྟོན་ཟླ་ཐ་ཆུངས། · སྟོན་ཟླ་ཐ་ཆུངས་སྨིན་དྲུག

Kārttika

The lunar month in autum which falls in October-November, which in general Indian tradition was considered the most powerful time to perform good actions.

Finding passages containing this term... g.223 Karuṇāvicintin rtag tu snying rje sems

རྟག་ཏུ་སྙིང་རྗེ་སེམས།

Karuṇāvicintin

The name of King Mahā­karuṇā­cintin as given in verse.

Finding passages containing this term... g.224 Kāśyapa ’od srung

འོད་སྲུང་།

Kāśyapa · Mahā­karuṇā­cintin

One of the Buddha’s principal pupils, who became the Buddha’s successor on his passing. Also the name of the preceding Buddha, the third in this eon, with Śākyamuni as the fourth. Also one of the seven great rishis of ancient India at the origin of Vedic culture. He is portrayed in this sūtra as coming to make offerings to the Buddha along with the other great rishis.

Finding passages containing this term... g.225 Kauṇḍinya kauN Di nya

ཀཽཎ་ཌི་ཉ།

Kauṇḍinya

The court priest in the Buddha’s father’s kingdom, he predicted the Buddha’s enlightenment, and was the first of the Buddha’s pupils to become an arhat.

Finding passages containing this term... g.226 Kauśika kau shi ka

ཀཽ་ཤི་ཀ

Kauśika · Kauśikya · Kośika

A rishi, usually said to be identical with Viśvamati, but his son and descendants also carried this name.

Finding passages containing this term... g.227 Kauṣṭhila gsus chen

གསུས་ཆེན།

Kauṣṭhila · Koṣṭhilu

Foremost among the Buddha’s pupils in analytic reasoning.

Finding passages containing this term... g.228 Kharakarṇa bong rna

བོང་རྣ།

Kharakarṇa

Finding passages containing this term... g.229 Khedrup Jé mkhas grub rje

མཁས་གྲུབ་རྗེ།

—

One of the principal pupils of Tsongkhapa, the founder of the Gelug tradition. Also retrospectively know as the first Panchen Lama (b. 1385−d. 1438).

Finding passages containing this term... g.230 Kiṃnara mi’am ci

མིའམ་ཅི།

kiṃnara

A race of celestial musicians who are half humanoid and half horse.

Finding passages containing this term... g.231 Kiṃpuruṣa skyes bu ’am ci · skyes bu ’am

སྐྱེས་བུ་འམ་ཅི། · སྐྱེས་བུ་འམ།

kiṃpuruṣa

A race of beings said to live in the Himalayas who have bodies of lions and human heads.

Finding passages containing this term... g.232 Kleśa nyon mongs

ཉོན་མོངས།

kleśa

Literally “pain,” “torment,” or “affliction.” In Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit it means literally “impurity” or “depravity.” In its technical use in Buddhism it means any negative quality in the mind that causes continued existence in saṃsāra. The basic three kleśas are ignorance, attachment, and aversion. Also rendered here as “affliction.”

Finding passages containing this term... g.233 Kolita ’dza’ man

འཛའ་མན།

Kolita

Another name of Maudgalyāyana, one of the Buddha’s two principal pupils. Kolita was the name of his home village, or was (according to The Chapter on Going Forth) a name given by his relatives meaning “born from the lap” [of the gods].

Finding passages containing this term... g.234 Krośa rgyang grags

རྒྱང་གྲགས།

kroṣa · kroṣa · kos

A quarter of a yojana, a distance that could be between one and over two miles. The milestones or kos-stones along the Indian trunk road were just over two miles apart. The Tibetan means “earshot.”

Finding passages containing this term... g.235 Kṛṣṇagautama gau tam nag po

གཽ་ཏམ་ནག་པོ།

Kṛṣṇagautama

A nāga king.

Finding passages containing this term... g.236 Kṣatriya rgyal rigs

རྒྱལ་རིགས།

kṣatriya

The royal, noble, or warrior caste in the four-caste system of India.

Finding passages containing this term... g.237 Kṣemadatta bde bas byin

བདེ་བས་བྱིན།

Kṣemadatta

A bodhisattva in the distant past.

23 passages contain this term 1234567891011121314151617181920212223 g.238 Kumbhāṇḍa grul bum

གྲུལ་བུམ།

kumbhāṇḍa · kubhāṇḍa

Dwarf spirits said to have either large stomachs or huge, amphora-sized testicles.

9 passages contain this term 123456789 g.239 Kutsa ku tsa

ཀུ་ཙ།

Kutsa

1 passage contains this term 1 g.240 Lakṣaṇa­samalaṁkṛta mtshan gyis kun tu brgyan pa

མཚན་གྱིས་ཀུན་ཏུ་བརྒྱན་པ།

Lakṣaṇa­samalaṁkṛta

1 passage contains this term 1 g.241 Level sa

ས།

bhūmi

See “bhūmi.”

80 passages contain this term 1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677787980 g.242 Liberations rnam par thar ba

རྣམ་པར་ཐར་བ།

vimokṣa

This can include any method for liberation. The most commonly listed are the eight liberations: (1) form viewing form: the view of dependent origination and emptiness; (2) the formless viewing form: having seen internal emptiness, seeing the emptiness of external forms; (3) the view of the pleasant: seeing pleasant appearances as empty and contemplating the unpleasant; (4) seeing the emptiness of the formless meditation of infinite space; (5) seeing the emptiness of the formless meditation of infinite consciousness; (6) seeing the emptiness of the formless meditation of nothingness; (7) seeing the emptiness of the formless meditation of neither perception nor nonperception; and (8) seeing the emptiness of the state of cessation.

9 passages contain this term 123456789 g.243 Limbs of enlightenment byang chub kyi yan lag

བྱང་ཆུབ་ཀྱི་ཡན་ལག

bodhyaṅga

There are seven limbs of enlightenment: correct mindfulness, correct wisdom of the analysis of phenomena, correct diligence, correct joy, correct serenity, correct samādhi, and correct equanimity.

Finding passages containing this term... g.244 Lotsawa lo tsA ba

ལོ་ཙཱ་བ།

locāva

Honorific term for a Tibetan translator.

Finding passages containing this term... g.245 Lotus pad ma

པད་མ།

padma

Finding passages containing this term... g.246 Loud, clear voice skad gsang

སྐད་གསང་།

—

Finding passages containing this term... g.247 Magnolia tsam pa ka

ཙམ་པ་ཀ

campaka

Magnolia campaca.

Finding passages containing this term... g.248 Mahābala stobs chen

སྟོབས་ཆེན།

Mahābala

A king in the time of Buddha Ghoṣadatta.

Finding passages containing this term... g.249 Mahāgaṇendra tshogs kyi dbang chen

ཚོགས་ཀྱི་དབང་ཆེན།

Mahāgaṇendra

Finding passages containing this term... g.250 Mahāmatī blo gros che

བློ་གྲོས་ཆེ།

Mahāmatī

Finding passages containing this term... g.251 Mahāmeru lhun po chen po

ལྷུན་པོ་ཆེན་པོ།

Mahāmeru

Finding passages containing this term... g.252 Mahāmucilinda btang bzung chen po

བཏང་བཟུང་ཆེན་པོ།

Mahāmucilinda

An unidentified mountain mentioned in a number of sūtras, not apparently connected to the well known nāga of that name (who is also known as Mucilinda), but perhaps to the sacred mucilinda tree, known in English mainly as the bayur tree.

Finding passages containing this term... g.253 Mahāpadma pad ma che

པད་མ་ཆེ།

Mahāpadma

A nāga king.

Finding passages containing this term... g.254 Mahārāja rgyal po chen po

རྒྱལ་པོ་ཆེན་པོ།

mahārāja

Four deities on the base of Mount Meru, each one the guardian of his direction: Vaiśravaṇa in the north, Dhṛtarāṣṭra in the east, Virūpākṣa in the west, and Virūḍhaka in the south.

Finding passages containing this term... g.255 Mahā­karuṇā­cintin snying rje chen po sems

སྙིང་རྗེ་ཆེན་པོ་སེམས།

Mahā­karuṇā­cintin

A prince who was a pupil of Buddha Abhāva­samudgata countless eons ago.

Finding passages containing this term... g.256 Mahā­sthāma­prāpta mthu chen thob · gnas chen thob

མཐུ་ཆེན་ཐོབ། · གནས་ཆེན་ཐོབ།

Mahā­sthāma­prāpta · Mahā­sthāna­prāpta · Mahāsthāma

One of the two principal bodhisattvas in Sukhāvatī, and prominent in Chinese Buddhism. In Tibetan Buddhism, he is identified with Vajrapāṇī, though they are separate bodhisattvas in the sūtras.

3 passages contain this term 123 g.257 Mahoraga lto ’phye chen po

ལྟོ་འཕྱེ་ཆེན་པོ།

mahoraga

A serpent deity that inhabits specific localities.

16 passages contain this term 12345678910111213141516 g.258 Maitraka byams pa

བྱམས་པ།

Maitraka · Maitreya

A synonym for Maitreya.

6 passages contain this term 123456 g.259 Maitreya byams pa

བྱམས་པ།

Maitreya · Ajita · Maitraka

The bodhisattva who became Śākyamuni’s regent and is prophesied to be the next buddha, the fifth buddha in the Good Eon. In early Buddhism he appears as the human disciple sent to pay his respects by his teacher, and the Buddha gives him the gift a of a robe and prophesies that he will be the next buddha, and that his companion Ajita will be the next cakravartin. As a bodhisattva, he has both these names. In the White Lotus of Compassion Sūtra, Buddha Ratnagarbha prophesies that Vimalavaiśayana, the fourth of the thousand young Vedapāṭhaka pupils of Samudrareṇu, will be Buddha Maitreya.

33 passages contain this term 123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233 g.260 Mālādhāra phreng ’dzin · phreng thogs

ཕྲེང་འཛིན། · ཕྲེང་ཐོགས།

Mālādhāra

One of the three classes of yakṣas at the base of Meru, below the paradises of the mahārājas, as part of the lowest class of paradises in the desire realm. Their name means “with māla beads in their hands,” and they are said to be constantly counting and therefore unable to follow the path to enlightenment.

1 passage contains this term 1 g.261 Malaya ma la ya

མ་ལ་ཡ།

Malaya

The range of mountains in West India, also called the Western ghats, known for its sandalwood forests.

2 passages contain this term 12 g.262 Maṇi nor bu

ནོར་བུ།

Maṇi

A nāga king.

2 passages contain this term 12 g.263 Manifest mngon gyur · mngon sum pa

མངོན་གྱུར། · མངོན་སུམ་པ།

abhimukhī

The sixth bodhisattva bhūmi.

1 passage contains this term 1 g.264 Mañjughoṣa ’jam dbyangs

འཇམ་དབྱངས།

Mañjughoṣa

An alternative name for Mañjuśrī, meaning, “gentle or beautiful voice.”

4 passages contain this term 1234 g.265 Mañjuśrī ’jam dpal

འཇམ་དཔལ།

Mañjuśrī

The bodhisattva who is considered the embodiment of wisdom. Also known as Mañjuśrī Kumārabhūta, Mañjughoṣa or Pañcaśikha.

Finding passages containing this term... g.266 Mañjuśrī Kumārabhūta ’jam dpal gzhon nur gyur pa

འཇམ་དཔལ་གཞོན་ནུར་གྱུར་པ།

Mañjuśrī Kumārabhūta

The bodhisattva who is considered the embodiment of wisdom, with the additional honorofic title for a young man.

Finding passages containing this term... g.267 Mañjuśrīkīrti ’jam dpal grags pa

འཇམ་དཔལ་གྲགས་པ།

Mañjuśrīkīrti

Finding passages containing this term... g.268 Manu shed · shed can

ཤེད། · ཤེད་ཅན།

Manu

In the Indian tradition, Manu, similar to Noah in the Biblical tradition, was the survivor of a flood that covered the world, and so is the ancestor of all humans. On divine advice, he built a boat in which he saved his family and all the plants, seeds, and animals necessary to reintroduce to the world after the flood had diminished.

Finding passages containing this term... g.269 Māra bdud

བདུད།

Māra

Said to be the principal deity in Para­nirmita­vaśa­vartin, the highest paradise in the desire realm. He is also portrayed as attempting to prevent the Buddha’s enlightenment, as in early soteriological religions, the principal deity in saṃsāra, such as Indra, would attempt to prevent anyone’s realization that would lead to such a liberation. The name Māra is also used as a generic name for the deities in his realm, and also as an impersonal term for the factors that keep beings in saṃsāra.

Finding passages containing this term... g.270 Mārabala bdud kyi stobs

བདུད་ཀྱི་སྟོབས།

Mārabala

Finding passages containing this term... g.271 Māras bdud

བདུད།

mārāḥ

The deities ruled over by Māra who attempted to prevent the Buddha’s enlightenment, and who do not wish any being to escape from saṃsāra. Also, they are symbolic of the defects within a person that prevent enlightenment. These four personifications are: Devaputra-māra (lha’i bu’i bdud), the Divine Māra, which is the distraction of pleasures; Mṛtyumāra (’chi bdag gi bdud), the Māra of Death; Skandhamāra (phung po’i bdud), the Māra of the Aggregates, which is the body; and Kleśamāra (nyon mongs pa’i bdud), the Māra of the Afflictions.

Finding passages containing this term... g.272 Māravitrāsana bdud rnams skrag byed

བདུད་རྣམས་སྐྲག་བྱེད།

Māravitrāsana

Finding passages containing this term... g.273 Markandeya mAr kaN Da

མཱར་ཀཎ་ཌ།

Mārkaṇda

A famous Puranic rishi of India, who features particularly in the Shaivite literature.

Finding passages containing this term... g.274 Mati blo gros

བློ་གྲོས།

Mati

A prince who was a former life of Śākyamuni.

Finding passages containing this term... g.275 Matīśvara blo gros dbang phyug

བློ་གྲོས་དབང་ཕྱུག

Matīśvara

Finding passages containing this term... g.276 Maudgalyāyana maudgal gyi bu

མཽདགལ་གྱི་བུ།

Maudgalyāyana

One of the two principal pupils of the Buddha, renowned for miraculous powers. He was assassinated during the Buddha’s lifetime. His family clan was descended from Mudgala, hence his name Maudgalyāyana, “the son of Mudgala’s descendants.” See also under Kolita, his other name.

Finding passages containing this term... g.277 Māyādevī lha mo sgyu ’phrul

ལྷ་མོ་སྒྱུ་འཕྲུལ།

Māyādevī

Buddha Śākyamuni’s mother.

Finding passages containing this term... g.278 Medlar ba ku la

བ་ཀུ་ལ།

bakula

Finding passages containing this term... g.279 Megharāja sprin gyi rgyal po

སྤྲིན་གྱི་རྒྱལ་པོ།

Megharāja

Finding passages containing this term... g.280 Mentation ’du byed

འདུ་བྱེད།

saṃskāra

The meaning of this term varies according to context; as one of the skandhas it means the entire array of negative, positive, and neutral mental activities.

5 passages contain this term 12345 g.281 Meru lhun po

ལྷུན་པོ།

Meru

Early Mahāyāna sūtras identify this as separate from Sumeru, the mountain at the center of the world. This refers to a legendary mountain in such epics as the Mahābhārata, which while sacred is not situated at the world’s center.

13 passages contain this term 12345678910111213 g.282 Merudhvaja lhun po’i rgyal mtshan

ལྷུན་པོའི་རྒྱལ་མཚན།

Merudhvaja

1 passage contains this term 1 g.283 Merukūṭa lhun po brtsegs pa

ལྷུན་པོ་བརྩེགས་པ།

Merukūṭa

1 passage contains this term 1 g.284 Merurāja lhun po’i rgyal po · lhun po’i glan chen

ལྷུན་པོའི་རྒྱལ་པོ། · ལྷུན་པོའི་གླན་ཆེན།

Merurāja · Merugāja

(The rendering Merugāja is according to Dutt.)

1 passage contains this term 1 g.285 Merusvara lhun po’i dbyangs

ལྷུན་པོའི་དབྱངས།

Merusvara

1 passage contains this term 1 g.286 Meru­pradīpa­rāja lhun po mar me’i rgyal po

ལྷུན་པོ་མར་མེའི་རྒྱལ་པོ།

Meru­pradīpa­rāja

1 passage contains this term 1 g.287 Meru­śikhara­dhara lhun po’i rtse mo ’dzin

ལྷུན་པོའི་རྩེ་མོ་འཛིན།

Meru­śikhara­dhara

1 passage contains this term 1 g.288 Meru­śikhara­saṁghaṭṭana­rāja lhun po’i rtse mo kun g.yo bar byed pa’i rgyal po

ལྷུན་པོའི་རྩེ་མོ་ཀུན་གཡོ་བར་བྱེད་པའི་རྒྱལ་པོ།

Meru­śikhara­saṁghaṭṭana­rāja

1 passage contains this term 1 g.289 Mindfulness dran pa nye ba gzhag pa

དྲན་པ་ཉེ་བ་གཞག་པ།

smṛtyupasthāna

There are four kinds of mindfulness: those of body, sensations, mind, and phenomena.

Finding passages containing this term... g.290 Mode ’gros

འགྲོས།

gatī

Literally, “gait” or “way of moving,” but also more metaphorically “demeanour,” “stance;” and abstractly “manner,” “type,” “mode.”

Finding passages containing this term... g.291 Mṛdaṅga drum rdza rnga

རྫ་རྔ།

mṛdaṅga

A kettledrum played horizontally, wider in the middle, with the skin at both ends played by the hands. One drumhead is smaller than the other. It is a South Indian drum, and maintains the rhythm in Karnataka music.

Finding passages containing this term... g.292 Mucilinda btang bzung

བཏང་བཟུང་།

Mucilinda

An unidentified mountain mentioned in a number of sūtras, not apparently connected to the well-known nāga of that name, but perhaps to the sacred mucilinda tree, known in English mainly as the bayur tree.

Finding passages containing this term... g.293 Mucilinda btang bzang

བཏང་བཟང་།

Mucilinda

Nāga king, particularly known for sheltering the Buddha from a storm in Bodhgaya.

Finding passages containing this term... g.294 Mukhaphullaka spen tog rgyan · me tog rgyan

སྤེན་ཏོག་རྒྱན། · མེ་ཏོག་རྒྱན།

mukhaphullaka · mukhapuṣpaka

A specific kind of ancient Indian ornament, probably meaning “flower on the front” or “face with a flower.” It was made by metallurgists, presumably from gold. The Tibetan has a definition which involves a woman’s face. It is probably a central feature of a necklace, in which there is a face and a flower—possibly a face within a flower as is seen on ancient stūpa railings such as those in Bodhgaya.

Finding passages containing this term... g.295 Mukunda drum rnga zlum

རྔ་ཟླུམ།

mukunda

This appears to be a small version of the mṛdaṅga drum.

Finding passages containing this term... g.296 Muraja drum rdza rnga chen po

རྫ་རྔ་ཆེན་པོ།

muraja

A kettledrum with ends played horizontally. Unlike the mṛdaṅga, one half of the drum is wider than the other. Another description says that the heads of the drum are smaller than those of the mṛdaṅga.

Finding passages containing this term... g.297 Nāga klu

ཀླུ།

nāga

In India, this was the cobra deity, which in Tibet was equated with water spirits and in China with dragons, neither country having cobras.

Finding passages containing this term... g.298 Nāgārjuna klu sgrub

ཀླུ་སྒྲུབ།

Nāgārjuna

Second- or third-century Indian master whose writings formed the basis for the Madhyamaka tradition. In following centuries there were other masters and authors of the same name, and in Tibet all their works became attributed to one person.

Finding passages containing this term... g.299 Nāgī klu mo

ཀླུ་མོ།

nāgī

Female nāga.

Finding passages containing this term... g.300 Nagtsho Lotsawa nag tsho lo tsA ba

ནག་ཚོ་ལོ་ཙཱ་བ།

—

1011–1064. His personal name was Tsultrim Gyalwa (tshul khrims rgyal ba). A translator who brought Atiśa to Tibet and wrote an important record of his travels to India.

Finding passages containing this term... g.301 Names-and-form ming dang gzugs

མིང་དང་གཟུགས།

nāmarūpa

Literally “name and form” means the mental and physical consituents of a being. It is a synonym for the five skandhas, with the four aggregates of the mind being called “names.” In the context of the twelve phases of dependent origination the term is also used specifically to refer to the embryonic phase of an individual’s existence where the mental aggregates are undeveloped and have only a nominal presence, and therefore are called “names.”

Finding passages containing this term... g.302 Namuci bdud

བདུད།

Namuci

Originally the name of Indra’s principal enemy among the asuras. In early Buddhism he appears as a drought-causing demon and eventually his name becomes that of Māra, the principal opponent of the Buddhadharma.

Finding passages containing this term... g.303 Nanda dga’ bo

དགའ་བོ།

Nanda

The Buddha’s half-brother, who became one of his principal pupils. Also the name for the nāga king usually associated with Upananda.

Finding passages containing this term... g.304 Nandika dga’ byed

དགའ་བྱེད།

Nandika · Vasunandi

Finding passages containing this term... g.305 Nārada mi sbyin

མི་སྦྱིན།

Nārada

A famous South Indian rishi who also appears in the Ramayana and is credited with writing the first judicial text.

Finding passages containing this term... g.306 Narendraghoṣa mi dbang dbyangs

མི་དབང་དབྱངས།

Narendraghoṣa

Finding passages containing this term... g.307 Netrābhibhu spyan gyis zil gyis gnon

སྤྱན་གྱིས་ཟིལ་གྱིས་གནོན།

Netrābhibhu

Finding passages containing this term... g.308 Netrānindita ma smad spyan

མ་སྨད་སྤྱན།

Netrānindita

Finding passages containing this term... g.309 Netraśuddha spyan dag

སྤྱན་དག

Netraśuddha

Finding passages containing this term... g.310 Night lotus ku mu da

ཀུ་མུ་ད།

kumuda

Nymphaea pubescens. This night-blossoming water lily, which can be red, pink, or white, is not actually a lotus, since it does not have the lotus’s distinctive pericarp. Nevertheless it is commonly called the “night lotus.” It is also known as hairy water lily, because of the hairs on the stem and the underside of the leaves.

Finding passages containing this term... g.311 Nirmāṇaratin ’phrul dga’

འཕྲུལ་དགའ།

Nirmāṇaratin

The fifth (counting from the lowest) of the six paradises in the desire realm.

Finding passages containing this term... g.312 Nirvāṇa mya ngan las ’das pa

མྱ་ངན་ལས་འདས་པ།

nirvāṇa

Sanskrit: “extinguishment,” for the causes for saṃsāra are “extinguished”; Tibetan: “the transcendence of suffering.”

Finding passages containing this term... g.313 Noble one ’phags pa

འཕགས་པ།

ārya

The Sanskrit ārya generally has the common meaning of a noble person, one of a higher class or caste. In Dharma terms it means one who has gained the realization of the path and is superior for that reason.

Finding passages containing this term... g.314 Obscuration sgrib pa

སྒྲིབ་པ།

nivaraṇa

In this sūtra it is stated that there are five obscurations. This must be referring to the list in the early Mahāyāna sūtra The Patience Trained by the Color of Space Sūtra: (1) desire’s craving; (2) malice; (3) dullness and sleepiness; (4) laziness and agitation; and (5) doubt.

Finding passages containing this term... g.315 Orchid ko bi dA ra

ཀོ་བི་དཱ་ར།

kovidāra

Finding passages containing this term... g.316 Outflows zag pa

ཟག་པ།

āśrava

A term of Jain origin. It refers to uncontrolled thoughts, being distracted by objects, and hence its meaning of “leaks.”

Finding passages containing this term... g.317 Padma pad ma

པད་མ།

Padma

A nāga king.

Finding passages containing this term... g.318 Padmottara pad ma bla ma

པད་མ་བླ་མ།

Padmottara

A buddha that appears in other sūtras as a contemporary of Śākyamuni in another universe. In this sūtra, King Dṛḍhabala, the bhikṣu Supuṣpacandra, and King Varapuṣpasa are said to be his previous lives.

Finding passages containing this term... g.319 Paṇava mkhar rnga

མཁར་རྔ།

paṇava · pāṇava

Listed among Indian instruments as an hourglass drum, played in the hand, and the ancestor of the present day huḍukka, somewhat larger than the ḍamaru. See Saṅgītaśiromaṇi: A Medieval Handbook of Indian Music, edited by Emmie Te Nijenhuis, p. 549. However, Dutt describes it as a drum made of bell metal, which matches the Tibetan translation as “bronze drum,” but he may have been influenced by the Tibetan translation of chapter 30. In an earlier chapter paṇava is simply transcribed into Tibetan. An example of a bell metal drum would be the ceṇṇala, a small flat gong of bell metal that is hit with a stick and used to keep time in South Indian music. Other instruments mentioned are of the South Indian tradition.

Finding passages containing this term... g.320 Pañcaśikha gtsug phu lnga pa

གཙུག་ཕུ་ལྔ་པ།

Pañcaśikha

A gandharva who was very prominent in early Buddhism and is featured on early stupa reliefs playing a lute and singing. He would come to Buddha Śākyamuni, who was not portrayed as omniscient, to inform him of what was occuring in the paradises. He also accompanies Indra on a visit to the Buddha and plays music to bring the Buddha out of his meditation. He performs the same role in the Mahāyāna sūtra The White Lotus of Compassion. He was portrayed as living on a five-peaked mountain, and appears to be the basis for Mañjuśrī, first known as Mañjughoṣa (Beautiful Voice) with Pañcaśikha still being one of Mañjuśrī’s alternate names. In this sūtra he is clearly distinct from Bodhisattva Mañjuśrī.

Finding passages containing this term... g.321 Pāñcika lngas rtsen

ལྔས་རྩེན།

Pañcika

Traditionally the head of the yakṣa army serving Vaiśravaṇa, and the consort of Hariti.

Finding passages containing this term... g.322 Parāśara par sha

པར་ཤ།

Parāśara

One of the vedic sages who revealed some of the Vedas, and is believed to have written the first puraṇa.

Finding passages containing this term... g.323 Para­nirmita­vaśa­vartin gzhan ’phrul dbang byed

གཞན་འཕྲུལ་དབང་བྱེད།

Para­nirmita­vaśa­vartin

The highest paradise in the desire realm.

Finding passages containing this term... g.324 Parī­ttābha ’od chung

འོད་ཆུང་།

Parī­ttābha

The second of the three paradises that are the third dhyāna paradises in the form realm.

Finding passages containing this term... g.325 Parī­ttaśubha dge ba

དགེ་བ།

Parī­ttaśubha · Śubha

The lowest of the three paradises that are the third dhyāna paradises in the form realm.

Finding passages containing this term... g.326 Partridge shang shang te’u

ཤང་ཤང་ཏེའུ།

jīvaṃjīva

Chukar partridge (Alectoris chukar, also known as the Greek partridge). In later times in China and Tibet this became a legendary half-human bird, or a two-headed bird.

Finding passages containing this term... g.327 Paṭaha drum —

paṭaha

A barrel drum that can be hung by a strap from the body and played sitting or standing by beating the upper surface, or both surfaces, with two curved drumsticks. There is also an identification of this term with a disk-shaped drum with the skin on one side only, similar to a tambourine, and also a drum like the mṛdaṅga with a thick middle and one end smaller than the other.

Finding passages containing this term... g.328 Perfect in wisdom and conduct rig pa dang zhabs su ldan pa

རིག་པ་དང་ཞབས་སུ་ལྡན་པ།

vidyācaraṇasaṃpanna

A common description of buddhas. According to some explanations, “wisdom” refers to awakening, and “conduct” to the three trainings (bslab pa gsum) by means of which a buddha attains that awakening; according to others, “wisdom” refers to right view, and “conduct” to the other seven elements of the eightfold path.

Finding passages containing this term... g.329 Perfect Joy rab tu dga’ ba

རབ་ཏུ་དགའ་བ།

pramuditā

The first bodhisattva bhūmi.

Finding passages containing this term... g.330 Perfect Understanding legs pa’i blo · legs pa’i blo gros

ལེགས་པའི་བློ། · ལེགས་པའི་བློ་གྲོས།

sādhumatī

The ninth bodhisattva bhūmi.

Finding passages containing this term... g.331 Phanaka gdengs ka can

གདེངས་ཀ་ཅན།

Phanaka · Bhogaka

A leading nāga.

Finding passages containing this term... g.332 Pinnacled hall khang pa brtsegs pa

ཁང་པ་བརྩེགས་པ།

kūṭāgāra

Distinctive Indian assembly hall or temple with one ground-floor room and a high ornamental roof, sometimes a barrel shape with apses but more usually a tapering roof, tower, or spire, containing at least one additional upper room within the structure. Kūṭāgāra literally means “upper chamber” and is short for kūṭāgāraśala, “hall with an upper chamber or chambers.” The Mahābodhi Temple in Bodhgaya is an example of a kūṭāgāra.

Finding passages containing this term... g.333 Piṭaka sde snod

སྡེ་སྣོད།

piṭaka

A collection of canonical texts according to subject, the piṭakas are usually Vinaya, Sūtra, and Abhidharma. It can also refer, as in this sūtra, to the collection of the Mahāyana teachings, which is known as the bodhisattva-piṭaka. The word originates from the term “baskets,” originally used to contain these collections.

Finding passages containing this term... g.334 Poṣadha gso sbyong

གསོ་སྦྱོང་།

poṣadha · upoṣadha

The fortnightly ceremony during which ordained monks and nuns gather to recite the Prātimokṣa vows and confess faults and breaches. The term is also sometimes used in reference to the taking of eight vows by a layperson for just one day, a full-moon or new-moon day.

Finding passages containing this term... g.335 Prajñākaramati shes rab ’byung gnas blo gros

ཤེས་རབ་འབྱུང་གནས་བློ་གྲོས།

Prajñākaramati

(950−1030) One of the main masters in Vikramaśila monastery.

Finding passages containing this term... g.336 Praśānta rab tu zhi

རབ་ཏུ་ཞི།

Praśānta

Finding passages containing this term... g.337 Praśānteśvara rab zhi dbang phug

རབ་ཞི་དབང་ཕུག

Praśānteśvara

Finding passages containing this term... g.338 Pratāpana rab tu tsha ba

རབ་ཏུ་ཚ་བ།

Pratāpana · Mahātāpana

The very hot hell; the seventh of the eight hot hells.

Finding passages containing this term... g.339 Pratimokṣa so sor thar pa

སོ་སོར་ཐར་པ།

pratimokṣa

The rules of conduct that lead to liberation.

Finding passages containing this term... g.340 Pratyekabuddha rang rgyal · rang sangs rgyas

རང་རྒྱལ། · རང་སངས་རྒྱས།

pratyekabuddha · pratyayajina · pratyekajina

“Solitary buddha.” Someone who has attained liberation entirely through their own contemplation, hence their alternate epithet, pratyayajina, which means one who has become a jina, or buddha, through dependence [on external factors that were contemplated upon]. This is the result of progress in previous lives but, unlike a buddha, they do not have the necessary accumulated merit nor the motivation to teach others.

Finding passages containing this term... g.341 Preta yi dags

ཡི་དགས།

preta

Literally “the departed” and analagous to the ancestral spirits of the Vedic tradition, the pitṛs, who starve without the offerings of descendants. They live in the realm of Yama, the Lord of Death, analogous to the underworld of Pluto in Greek mythology. In Buddhism they are said to suffer intensely, particularly from hunger and thirst.

Finding passages containing this term... g.342 Primary signs mtshan

མཚན།

lakṣaṇa

The thirty-two primary physical characteristics of a “great being,” a mahāpuruṣa, which every buddha possesses.

Finding passages containing this term... g.343 Puṇṇaga pu na

པུ་ན།

puṇṇaga

Finding passages containing this term... g.344 Puṇyamatin bsod nams blo gros

བསོད་ནམས་བློ་གྲོས།

Puṇyamatin

A prince in the distant past.

Finding passages containing this term... g.345 Pūrṇa gang po

གང་པོ།

Pūrṇa

A pupil of the Buddha who was preeminent in teaching.

Finding passages containing this term... g.346 Puṣpacandra me tog zla mdzes

མེ་ཏོག་ཟླ་མཛེས།

Puṣpacandra · Supuṣpacandra · Supuṣpa

Finding passages containing this term... g.347 Pūtana srul po

སྲུལ་པོ།

pūtana

A spirit that is said to cause physical illnesses.

Finding passages containing this term... g.348 Rāhu sgra gcan

སྒྲ་གཅན།

Rāhu

A powerful asura, said to cause eclipses.

Finding passages containing this term... g.349 Rāhula dgra gcan

དགྲ་གཅན།

Rāhula

The name of Śākyamuni’s son. Also the name of the sons of all the buddhas that Śākyamuni had received the Samādhirāja from in previous lifetimes.

Finding passages containing this term... g.350 Rājagṛha rgyal po’i khab

རྒྱལ་པོའི་ཁབ།

Rājagṛha

The capital of Magadhā during the Buddha’s lifetime.

Finding passages containing this term... g.351 Rākṣasa srin po

སྲིན་པོ།

rākṣasa

A race of ugly, evil-natured supernatural beings with a yearning for human flesh.

Finding passages containing this term... g.352 Ralpachen ral pa can

རལ་པ་ཅན།

—

A king of Tibet who reigned from 815 to 838.

Finding passages containing this term... g.353 Ratiṁkara dga’ bar byed pa

དགའ་བར་བྱེད་པ།

Ratiṁkara

Finding passages containing this term... g.354 Ratnabāhu lag bzang

ལག་བཟང་།

Ratnabāhu · Subāhu

Synonym for Subāhu, translated as if it was Subāhu into Tibetan.

Finding passages containing this term... g.355 Ratnacūḍa —

Ratnacūḍa

Finding passages containing this term... g.356 Ratnadvīpa rin po che’i gling

རིན་པོ་ཆེའི་གླིང་།

Ratnadvīpa

Finding passages containing this term... g.357 Ratnajāli rin po che’i dra ba

རིན་པོ་ཆེའི་དྲ་བ།

Ratnajāli

Finding passages containing this term... g.358 Ratnākara rin po che’i ’byung gnas

རིན་པོ་ཆེའི་འབྱུང་གནས།

Ratnākara

Finding passages containing this term... g.359 Ratnaketu rin po che’i tog

རིན་པོ་ཆེའི་ཏོག

Ratnaketu

Finding passages containing this term... g.360 Ratnakusuma rin chen me tog

རིན་ཆེན་མེ་ཏོག

Ratnakusuma

According to the commentary, an alternative name for Ratnapāṇi

Finding passages containing this term... g.361 Ratnakūṭa rin po che brtsegs pa

རིན་པོ་ཆེ་བརྩེགས་པ།

Ratnakūṭa

Finding passages containing this term... g.362 Ratnapāṇi —

Ratnapāṇi

Absent in Tibetan (phyag na rin po che).

Finding passages containing this term... g.363 Ratnaprabha rin po che’i ’od

རིན་པོ་ཆེའི་འོད།

Ratnaprabha

Finding passages containing this term... g.364 Ratnaprabhāsa rin po che snang ba

རིན་པོ་ཆེ་སྣང་བ།

Ratnaprabhāsa

Finding passages containing this term... g.365 Ratnasaṁbhava rin po che ’byung ba

རིན་པོ་ཆེ་འབྱུང་བ།

Ratnasaṁbhava

Finding passages containing this term... g.366 Ratnaśikhara rin po che’i rtse mo

རིན་པོ་ཆེའི་རྩེ་མོ།

Ratnaśikhara

Finding passages containing this term... g.367 Ratnāvatī rin chen ldan pa

རིན་ཆེན་ལྡན་པ།

Ratnāvatī

A palace in a past eon.

Finding passages containing this term... g.368 Ratnavyūha rin po che’i bkod pa

རིན་པོ་ཆེའི་བཀོད་པ།

Ratnavyūha

Finding passages containing this term... g.369 Ratnayaṣṭi rin po che’i mkhar ba

རིན་པོ་ཆེའི་མཁར་བ།

Ratnayaṣṭi

Finding passages containing this term... g.370 Ratna­mudrā­hasta lag na phyag rgya rin po che

ལག་ན་ཕྱག་རྒྱ་རིན་པོ་ཆེ།

Ratna­mudrā­hasta

Finding passages containing this term... g.371 Ratna­padma­candra­viśuddhābhyud­gata­rāja rin po che’i pad ma’i zla ba rnam par dag pa mngon par ’phags pa’i rgyal po

རིན་པོ་ཆེའི་པད་མའི་ཟླ་བ་རྣམ་པར་དག་པ་མངོན་པར་འཕགས་པའི་རྒྱལ་པོ།

Ratna­padma­candra­viśuddhābhyud­gata­rāja

A buddha countless eons in the past.

Finding passages containing this term... g.372 Retention gzungs

གཟུངས།

dhāraṇī

The ability to remember all Dharma teachings that are heard. In other contexts, a dhāraṇi is a powerful recitation that is a precursor of mantras and is usually in the form of intelligible sentences or phrases that preserve or retain the essence of a teaching. There are two sets of “four retentions” in relation to this text. (A) As explained in the sūtra itself in chapter 24 (24.­63): the retention, respectively, of teachings on composites, on sounds, on kleśas, and on purifications. (B) As explained in the commentary to the opening of the sūtra (1.2, see note 12 ): the recited dhāraṇī sentences and phrases themselves, the retention of the memory of the words of all teachings given, the retention of the memory of the meaning of these teachings, and the retention of the realization gained through meditation on that meaning.

Finding passages containing this term... g.373 Revata nam gru

ནམ་གྲུ།

Revata · Khadiravanīya

The youngest brother of Śāriputra.

Finding passages containing this term... g.374 Rishi drang srong

དྲང་སྲོང་།

ṛṣi

Sage. An ancient Indian spiritual title especially for divinely inspired individuals credited with creating the foundations for all Indian culture.

Finding passages containing this term... g.375 Rose apple ’dzam bu

འཛམ་བུ།

jambu

Finding passages containing this term... g.376 Rūpakāya gzugs kyi sku

གཟུགས་ཀྱི་སྐུ།

rūpakāya

“Form body.” The visible form of a buddha that is perceived by other beings, in contrast to his “Dharma body,” the dharmakāya, which is his enlightenment.

Finding passages containing this term... g.377 Sacred fig tree a shwad

ཨ་ཤྭད།

aśvattha

Finding passages containing this term... g.378 Sadāmatta rtag tu myos

རྟག་ཏུ་མྱོས།

Sadāmatta

One of the three classes of yakṣas at the base of Meru, below the paradises of the mahārājas, as part of the lowest class of paradises in the desire realm. Their name means “constantly intoxicated or insane” and because of their condition they are unable to follow the path to enlightenment.

Finding passages containing this term... g.379 Sāgara rgya mtsho

རྒྱ་མཚོ།

Sāgara

The principal nāga king; in this sūtra another name for Vaṛuna.

Finding passages containing this term... g.380 Sage thub pa

ཐུབ་པ།

muni

A title that, like buddha, is given to someone who has attained the realization of a truth through his own contemplation and not by divine revelation.

Finding passages containing this term... g.381 Saha­cittotpāda­dharma­cakra­pravartin sems bskyed ma thag tu chos kyi ’khor lo skor ba

སེམས་བསྐྱེད་མ་ཐག་ཏུ་ཆོས་ཀྱི་འཁོར་ལོ་སྐོར་བ།

Saha­cittotpāda­dharma­cakra­pravartin

1 passage contains this term 1 g.382 Śakra brgya byin

བརྒྱ་བྱིན།

Śakra · Indra

More commonly known in the West as Indra, the deity that is called “lord of the devas” dwells on the summit of Mount Sumeru and wields the thunderbolt. The Tibetan translation is based on an etymology that śakra is an abbreviation of śata-kratu, one who has performed a hundred sacrifices. The highest vedic sacrifice was the horse sacrifice, and there is a tradition that he became the lord of the gods through performing them. Each world with a central Sumeru has a Śakra; therefore this sutra mentions them in the plural.

11 passages contain this term 1234567891011 g.383 Śākyamuni shA kya thub pa

ཤཱ་ཀྱ་ཐུབ་པ།

Śākyamuni

The name of the historical Buddha, Siddhartha Gautama; he was a muni (sage) from the Śākya clan.

42 passages contain this term 123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142 g.384 Śākyaṛṣabha shA kya mkhyu mchog

ཤཱ་ཀྱ་མཁྱུ་མཆོག

Śākyaṛṣabha

Literally, “the Bull of the Śākyas.” This is similar to Śākyamuni, “the Sage of the Śākyas,” the Śākyas being the Buddha’s clan.

1 passage contains this term 1 g.385 Śākyavardhana shA kya ’phel

ཤཱ་ཀྱ་འཕེལ།

Śākyavardhana · Śākyapravṛddha

A yakṣa that was the protective deity for the Śākya clan, which was the Buddha’s clan. The Śākyas had a temple devoted to him and he is represented in sculpture as being present at his birth.

2 passages contain this term 12 g.386 Sal sA la

སཱ་ལ།

śāla

Finding passages containing this term... g.387 Śālendrarāja sA la’i dbang po’i rgyal po

སཱ་ལའི་དབང་པོའི་རྒྱལ་པོ།

Śālendrarāja

The buddha from whom Śakyamuni received the Samādhirāja in a previous life.

Finding passages containing this term... g.388 Samantabhadra kun tu bzang po

ཀུན་ཏུ་བཟང་པོ།

Samantabhadra

A forest in a past eon.

Finding passages containing this term... g.389 Samantanetra kun nas spyan

ཀུན་ནས་སྤྱན།

Samantanetra

Finding passages containing this term... g.390 Samāpatti snyoms par gzhog pa · snyom ’jug

སྙོམས་པར་གཞོག་པ། · སྙོམ་འཇུག

samāpatti

One of the synonyms for the meditative state. The Tibetan translation interpreted it as sama-āpatti, which brings in the idea of “equal,” or “level,” whereas it may very well be like “samādhi,” sam-āpatti, with the similar meaning of concentration. Unlike samādhi, however, it also occurs with the meaning of “completion,” “attainment,” and “diligent practice.”

Finding passages containing this term... g.391 Śamatha zhi gnas

ཞི་གནས།

śamatha

Meditation of peaceful stability.

Finding passages containing this term... g.392 Śambara bde mchog

བདེ་མཆོག

Śambara

A leader of the asuras.

Finding passages containing this term... g.393 Saṅgha dge ’dun

དགེ་འདུན།

saṅgha

The community of followers of the Buddha’s teachings, particularly the monastics.

Finding passages containing this term... g.394 Śānta zhi ba

ཞི་བ།

Śānta

In the list of buddhas Śākyamuni received the Samādhirāja from this name appears twice, perhaps in error.

Finding passages containing this term... g.395 Śāntamānasa zhi ba’i yid

ཞི་བའི་ཡིད།

Śāntamānasa

In the list of buddhas Śākyamuni received the Samādhirāja from this name appears twice, perhaps in error.

Finding passages containing this term... g.396 Śāntaśirin zhi dpal

ཞི་དཔལ།

Śāntaśirin

Finding passages containing this term... g.397 Śānta­śriya­jvalanta zhi ba’i dpal ’bar ba

ཞི་བའི་དཔལ་འབར་བ།

Śānta­śriya­jvalanta

Finding passages containing this term... g.398 Śāntendriya zhi ba’i dbang po · zhi dbang

ཞི་བའི་དབང་པོ། · ཞི་དབང་།

Śāntendriya

In the list of buddhas Śākyamuni received the Samādhirāja from this name appears twice, perhaps in error. Translated the first time in Tibetan as zhi ba’i dbang po and the second time as zhi dbang.

Finding passages containing this term... g.399 Śāntideva zhi ba’i lha

ཞི་བའི་ལྷ།

Śāntideva

Eighth-century Indian master within the Madhyamaka tradition.

Finding passages containing this term... g.400 Śāntirāja zhi ba’i rgyal po · zhi ba’i rgyal ba

ཞི་བའི་རྒྱལ་པོ། · ཞི་བའི་རྒྱལ་བ།

Śāntirāja

Finding passages containing this term... g.401 Śāntiśūra zhi ba dpa’ · zhi bar dpa’

ཞི་བ་དཔའ། · ཞི་བར་དཔའ།

Śāntiśūra

In the list of buddhas Śākyamuni received the Samādhirāja from this name appears twice, perhaps in error. Translated the first time in Tibetan as zhi ba dpa’ and the second time as zhi bar dpa’.

Finding passages containing this term... g.402 Śāntīya­pāraṃgata zhi ba’i pha rol phyin

ཞི་བའི་ཕ་རོལ་ཕྱིན།

Śāntīya­pāraṃgata

Finding passages containing this term... g.403 Śāntottara zhi ba’i bla ma

ཞི་བའི་བླ་མ།

Śāntottara

In the list of buddhas from whom Śākyamuni received the Samādhirāja, this name appears twice, perhaps in error.

Finding passages containing this term... g.404 Śāriputra sha ri’i bu

ཤ་རིའི་བུ།

Śāriputra

“The son of Śāri.” The Buddha’s principal pupil, who passed away before the Buddha.

Finding passages containing this term... g.405 Śārisuta sha ri’i bu

ཤ་རིའི་བུ།

Śārisuta

Synonym for Śāriputra.

Finding passages containing this term... g.406 Satatam­abhayaṁdad rtag tu mi ’jigs sbyin

རྟག་ཏུ་མི་འཇིགས་སྦྱིན།

Satatam­abhayaṁdad

Finding passages containing this term... g.407 Secondary signs dpe byed

དཔེ་བྱེད།

anuvyañjana

The eighty secondary physical characteristics of a “great being,” a mahāpuruṣa, which every buddha possesses. They include such details as the redness of the fingernails and the blackness of the hair.

Finding passages containing this term... g.408 Sensations tshor ba

ཚོར་བ།

vedanā

The second of the five skandhas: nonconceptual pleasant, unpleasant, or neutral sensations as a result of sensory experiences.

Finding passages containing this term... g.409 Sesame flowers ti la ka

ཏི་ལ་ཀ

tilaka

Sesamum indicum.

Finding passages containing this term... g.410 Seven jewels rin po che sna bdun

རིན་པོ་ཆེ་སྣ་བདུན།

saptaratna

When associated with the seven heavenly bodies, and therefore the seven days of the week, they are: ruby for the sun, moonstone or pearl for the moon, coral for Mars, emerald for Mercury, yellow sapphire for Jupiter, diamond for Venus, and blue sapphire for Saturn. There are variant lists not associated with the heavenly bodies but retaining the number seven, which include gold, silver, and so on.

Finding passages containing this term... g.411 Shining od byed pa

ཨོད་བྱེད་པ།

prabhākarī

The third bodhisattva bhūmi.

Finding passages containing this term... g.412 Siddha grub pa

གྲུབ་པ།

siddha

Someone who has attained supernatural powers.

Finding passages containing this term... g.413 Siṃhadhvaja seng ge rgyal mtshan

སེང་གེ་རྒྱལ་མཚན།

Siṃhadhvaja

A buddha in the distant past when Śākyamuni was Prince Mati.

Finding passages containing this term... g.414 Śirībala dpal gyi stobs

དཔལ་གྱི་སྟོབས།

Śirībala · Śīrībala

A king in the distant past.

Finding passages containing this term... g.415 Śiridhāraṇa dpal ’dzin pa

དཔལ་འཛིན་པ།

Śiridhāraṇa

Finding passages containing this term... g.416 Skandha phung po

ཕུང་པོ།

skandha

The constituents that make up a being’s existence: forms, sensations, identifications, mental activities, and consciousnesses. Often translated “aggregate,” commonly in the context of the five aggregates. Along with dhātu and āyatana, one of the three major categories in the taxonomy of phenomena in the sūtra literature.

Finding passages containing this term... g.417 Snātaka khrus byed pa

ཁྲུས་བྱེད་པ།

snātaka

A brahmin priest who has completed his apprenticeship, and undergone a ritual ablution to mark his graduation.

Finding passages containing this term... g.418 Śrāvaka nyan thos

ཉན་ཐོས།

śrāvaka

The word, based on the verb “to hear,” means disciple, and is used in that general way, as well as for those who were followers of the non-Mahāyāna tradition of Buddhism, in contrast to the bodhisattvas.

Finding passages containing this term... g.419 Śrīghoṣa dpal dbyangs

དཔལ་དབྱངས།

Śrīghoṣa

A king in the distant past.

Finding passages containing this term... g.420 Śrīlendrabodhi shI len dra bo dhi

ཤཱི་ལེན་དྲ་བོ་དྷི།

Śrīlendrabodhi

Finding passages containing this term... g.421 Śrīvatsa dpal gyi be’u

དཔལ་གྱི་བེའུ།

śrīvatsa

Literally “the favorite of the glorious one,” or (as translated into Tibetan) “the calf of the glorious one.” This is an auspicious mark that in Indian Buddhsim was said to be formed from a curl of hair on the breast and was depicted in a shape that resembles the fleur-de-lis. In Tibet it is usually represented as an eternal knot. It is also one of the principal attributes of Viṣṇu.

Finding passages containing this term... g.422 Śrotriya gtsang sbra can

གཙང་སྦྲ་ཅན།

śrotriya

Traditionally “one who is learned in the Vedas.” The Tibetan means “one who keeps pure and clean.”

Finding passages containing this term... g.423 Stainless dri med · dri ma dang bral ba

དྲི་མེད། · དྲི་མ་དང་བྲལ་བ།

vimāla

The second bodhisattva bhūmi.

Finding passages containing this term... g.424 Star jasmine kun da

ཀུན་ད།

kunda

Trachelospermum jasminoides. It has its name because of its starlike white blossoms. In India it is used in speech as an example of whiteness, i.e., “as white as star jasmine.” Also called downy jasmine, Chinese jasmine, Chinese ivy, and trader’s compass.

Finding passages containing this term... g.425 Sthavira gnas brtan

གནས་བརྟན།

sthavira

Literally “one who is stable” and usually translated as “elder,” a senior teacher in the early Buddhist communities. Also became the name of the Buddhist tradition within which the Theravada developed.

Finding passages containing this term... g.426 Sthitottara bla mar gnas

བླ་མར་གནས།

Sthitottara

Finding passages containing this term... g.427 Subāhu lag bzang

ལག་བཟང་།

Subāhu · Ratnabāhu

A principal bodhisattva in the Mahāyāna sūtras.

Finding passages containing this term... g.428 Śubhakṛtsna dge rgyas

དགེ་རྒྱས།

Śubhakṛtsna

The highest of the three paradises that are the third dhyāna paradises in the form realm.

Finding passages containing this term... g.429 Śubha­kanaka­viśuddhi­prabha gser bzang po rnam par dag pa’i ’od · lag bzangs

གསེར་བཟང་པོ་རྣམ་པར་དག་པའི་འོད། · ལག་བཟངས།

Śubha­kanaka­viśuddhi­prabha

Finding passages containing this term... g.430 Subhīṣma shin tu ’jigs btsan

ཤིན་ཏུ་འཇིགས་བཙན།

Subhīṣma

1 passage contains this term 1 g.431 Subhūti rab ’byor

རབ་འབྱོར།

Subhūti

A foremost pupil of the Buddha, known for his wisdom.

1 passage contains this term 1 g.432 Subrahma tshangs pa’i mchog

ཚངས་པའི་མཆོག

Subrahma

1 passage contains this term 1 g.433 Sucintitārtha don legs bsams

དོན་ལེགས་བསམས།

Sucintitārtha

The shortened form of Suvicintitārtha within verse.

2 passages contain this term 12 g.434 Sūciromā khab spu

ཁབ་སྤུ།

Sūciromā

A yakṣa usually paired with Kharakarṇa.

1 passage contains this term 1 g.435 Sudānta dul rab · shin tu dul

དུལ་རབ། · ཤིན་ཏུ་དུལ།

Sudānta

In the list of buddhas from whom Śākyamuni received the Samādhirāja, this name appears twice, perhaps in error. Translated the first time in Tibetan as dul rab, and the second time as shin tu dul.

4 passages contain this term 1234 g.436 Sudāntacitta shin tu dul ba’i sems · dul bar sems

ཤིན་ཏུ་དུལ་བའི་སེམས། · དུལ་བར་སེམས།

Sudāntacitta

In the list of buddhas from whom Śākyamuni received the Samādhirāja this name appears twice, perhaps in error. Translated the first time in Tibetan as shin tu dul ba’i sems, and the second time as dul bar sems.

Finding passages containing this term... g.437 Sudarśana shin tu mthong

ཤིན་ཏུ་མཐོང་།

Sudarśana

The second highest of the seventeen paradises in the form realm, and therefore the second highest of the five Śuddhāvāsika (pure abode) paradises.

Finding passages containing this term... g.438 Śuddhaghoṣa tshangs pa’i dbyangs

ཚངས་པའི་དབྱངས།

Śuddhaghoṣa

Finding passages containing this term... g.439 Śuddhajñānin ye shes gtsang

ཡེ་ཤེས་གཙང་།

Śuddhajñānin

Finding passages containing this term... g.440 Śuddhānana zhal gtsang

ཞལ་གཙང་།

Śuddhānana

Finding passages containing this term... g.441 Śuddhāvāsa gtsang ris · gnas gtsang ma

གཙང་རིས། · གནས་གཙང་མ།

Śuddhāvāsa

The five highest of the paradises that consitute the realm of form, which is above the paradises of the realm of desire in which our world is situated.

Finding passages containing this term... g.442 Śuddhodana zas gtsang

ཟས་གཙང་།

Śuddhodana

Buddha Śākyamuni’s father.

Finding passages containing this term... g.443 Sudharma chos bzang

ཆོས་བཟང་།

Sudharma

The assembly hall in the center of Sudarśana, the city in the Trāyastriṃśa (“Thirty-three”) paradise, which has a central throne for Indra/Śakra and thirty-two thrones arranged to its right and left for the other thirty-two devas that make up the epnoymous thirty-three devas of Indra’s paradise. Indra’s own palace is to the north of this assembly hall.

Finding passages containing this term... g.444 Sudharmaśūra chos bzang dpa’ bo

ཆོས་བཟང་དཔའ་བོ།

Sudharmaśūra

Finding passages containing this term... g.445 Sudṛśa gya nom snang

གྱ་ནོམ་སྣང་།

Sudṛśa

The third highest of the seventeen paradises in the form realm, and therefore the third of the five Śuddhāvāsika (pure abode) paradises.

Finding passages containing this term... g.446 Sukhāvatī bde ba can

བདེ་བ་ཅན།

Sukhāvatī

The realm of Buddha Amitāyus, more commonly known as Amitābha, as first described in the Sukhāvatīvyuha Sūtra.

Finding passages containing this term... g.447 Sumeru rab lhun · ri rab

རབ་ལྷུན། · རི་རབ།

Sumeru

The mountain at the center of the disk of the world with the four continents around it.

Finding passages containing this term... g.448 Sunetra spyan bzang

སྤྱན་བཟང་།

Sunetra

Finding passages containing this term... g.449 Sunirmita rab ’phrul · rab ’phrul dga’

རབ་འཕྲུལ། · རབ་འཕྲུལ་དགའ།

Sunirmita

The principal deity in the Nirmāṇarata paradise, the second highest paradise in the desire realm.

Finding passages containing this term... g.450 Supuṣpa me tog zla mdzes

མེ་ཏོག་ཟླ་མཛེས།

Supuṣpa · Supuṣpacandra · Puṣpacandra

Finding passages containing this term... g.451 Supuṣpacandra me tog zla mdzes

མེ་ཏོག་ཟླ་མཛེས།

Supuṣpacandra · Puṣpacandra · Supuṣpa

Finding passages containing this term... g.452 Śūradatta dpa’ bas byin

དཔའ་བས་བྱིན།

Śūradatta

A king in the distant past.

Finding passages containing this term... g.453 Surūpa gzugs bzang

གཟུགས་བཟང་།

Surūpa

A yakṣa lord.

Finding passages containing this term... g.454 Sūryānana nyi ma’i zhal

ཉི་མའི་ཞལ།

Sūryānana

Finding passages containing this term... g.455 Sutejas gzi brjid mchog

གཟི་བརྗིད་མཆོག

Sutejas

Finding passages containing this term... g.456 Sūtra mdo

མདོ།

sūtra

Primarily within Buddhism it refers to the Buddha’s nontantric teachings in general. Literally it means “thread.” It is also used in other contexts for pithy statements, rules, and aphorisms, on which are strung a commentary and terms of the subdivisions of a sūtra into twelve aspects of the Dharma; in that case, sūtra then means only the prose part of a sūtra.

Finding passages containing this term... g.457 Suvicintitārtha don legs par bsams pa

དོན་ལེགས་པར་བསམས་པ།

Suvicinitārtha

A buddha in the distant past who had previously been Prince Mahākaruṇācintī, a pupil of Buddha Abhāva­samudgata. In verse he is referred to as Sucintitārtha.

Finding passages containing this term... g.458 Suvighuṣṭatejas shin tu rnam grags gzi

ཤིན་ཏུ་རྣམ་གྲགས་གཟི།

Suvighuṣṭatejas

Finding passages containing this term... g.459 Suvimuktaghoṣa shin tu rnam grol dbyangs

ཤིན་ཏུ་རྣམ་གྲོལ་དབྱངས།

Suvimuktaghoṣa

Finding passages containing this term... g.460 Suyāma rab mtshe ma

རབ་མཚེ་མ།

Suyāma

The principal deity in the paradise called Yāma.

Finding passages containing this term... g.461 Svabhāva­dharmottara­niścita rang bzhin chos kyi bla ma nges pa ’byung

རང་བཞིན་ཆོས་ཀྱི་བླ་མ་ངེས་པ་འབྱུང་།

Svabhāva­dharmottara­niścita

Finding passages containing this term... g.462 Svāgata legs ’ongs

ལེགས་འོངས།

Svāgata · Sogatu

Svāgata was a pupil of the Buddha, originally a destitute beggar, who, in particular, accidentally drank alcohol offered by villagers after he had tamed a nāga to end a drought. This resulted in the Buddha’s adding abstention from alcohol as part of the monastic rules.

Finding passages containing this term... g.463 Svarāṅgaghoṣa dbyangs kyi yan lag · sgra yi yan lag dbyangs

དབྱངས་ཀྱི་ཡན་ལག · སྒྲ་ཡི་ཡན་ལག་དབྱངས།

Svarāṅgaghoṣa

A buddha in the distant past.

Finding passages containing this term... g.464 Svarāṅgaśabda dbyangs dag

དབྱངས་དག

Svarāṅgaśabda

Finding passages containing this term... g.465 Svarāṅgaśūra dbyangs kyi yan lag dpa’

དབྱངས་ཀྱི་ཡན་ལག་དཔའ།

Svarāṅgaśūra

Finding passages containing this term... g.466 Svarārcita sgra dbyangs mchod pa

སྒྲ་དབྱངས་མཆོད་པ།

Svarārcita

Finding passages containing this term... g.467 Svarāvighuṣṭa sgra skad rnam grags

སྒྲ་སྐད་རྣམ་གྲགས།

Svarāvighuṣṭa

Finding passages containing this term... g.468 Svaravyūha dbyangs bkod pa

དབྱངས་བཀོད་པ།

Svaravyūha

Finding passages containing this term... g.469 Svara­viśuddhi­prabha dbyangs rnam par dag pa’i ’od

དབྱངས་རྣམ་པར་དག་པའི་འོད།

Svara­viśuddhi­prabha

Finding passages containing this term... g.470 Svastika bkra shis

བཀྲ་ཤིས།

svastika · swastika

In later Tibetan translations, it is translated as g.yung-drung. In the early translations, it is bra shis and in the Mahāvyutpatti dictionary it is bkra shis ldan, while g.yung-drung translates nandyāvarta. It is an auspicious sign in Indian culture, and it is one of the auspicious marks on the chest of the Buddha, as well as the śrīvatsa.

Finding passages containing this term... g.471 Takṣaka ’jog po

འཇོག་པོ།

Takṣaka

A nāga king who is well known from his role in the Indian epic, the Mahābhārata. He dwells in the northwestern city of Taxila (Takṣaśilā), in present-day Pakistan.

Finding passages containing this term... g.472 Tāpana tsha · tsha ba

ཚ། · ཚ་བ།

Tāpana · Saṃtapana · Tapana

The hell called “hot.” Traditionally the sixth of the eight hot hells.

Finding passages containing this term... g.473 Tathāgata de bzhin gshegs pa

དེ་བཞིན་གཤེགས་པ།

tathāgata

One of the Buddha’s titles. “Gata,” though literally meaning “gone,” is a past passive participle used to describe a state or condition of existence. As buddhahood is indescribable it means “one who is thus.”

Finding passages containing this term... g.474 Tathāgatakāya de bzhin gshegs pa’i sku

དེ་བཞིན་གཤེགས་པའི་སྐུ།

tathāgatakāya

“The body of the tathāgata,” which in this sūtra is a synonym for the dharmakāya.

Finding passages containing this term... g.475 Tejaguṇarāja gzi brjid tshogs kyi rgyal po · gzi brjid tshogs rgyal

གཟི་བརྗིད་ཚོགས་ཀྱི་རྒྱལ་པོ། · གཟི་བརྗིད་ཚོགས་རྒྱལ།

Tejaguṇarāja

A buddha in the distant past.

Finding passages containing this term... g.476 Tejasamudrata gzi brjid mngon par ’phags

གཟི་བརྗིད་མངོན་པར་འཕགས།

Tejasamudrata

Finding passages containing this term... g.477 Tejasvarendra gzi brjid sgra dbyangs

གཟི་བརྗིད་སྒྲ་དབྱངས།

Tejasvarendra

Finding passages containing this term... g.478 Tejavati gzi ldan

གཟི་ལྡན།

Tejavati

Finding passages containing this term... g.479 Tejaviniścita gzi brjid shin tu nges

གཟི་བརྗིད་ཤིན་ཏུ་ངེས།

Tejaviniścita

Finding passages containing this term... g.480 Tejeśvara gzi brjid dbang phyug

གཟི་བརྗིད་དབང་ཕྱུག

Tejeśvara

Finding passages containing this term... g.481 Tejobala gzi brjid stobs

གཟི་བརྗིད་སྟོབས།

Tejobala

Finding passages containing this term... g.482 Tejovibhu gzi brjid khyab

གཟི་བརྗིད་ཁྱབ།

Tejovibhu

Finding passages containing this term... g.483 Ten powers dbang bcu

དབང་བཅུ།

daśavaśitā

Powers attained by bodhisattvas on the path: power over life, karma, materials, devotion, aspiration, miracles, birth, Dharma, mind, and wisdom. Not to be confused with the ten strengths (bala, stobs) which are qualities of buddhahood.

Finding passages containing this term... g.484 Ten strengths stobs bcu

སྟོབས་བཅུ།

daśabala

One set among the different qualities of a tathāgata. The ten strengths are (1) the knowledge of what is possible and not possible; (2) the knowledge of the ripening of karma; (3) the knowledge of the variety of aspirations; (4) the knowledge of the variety of natures; (5) the knowledge of the different levels of capabilites; (6) the knowledge of the destinations of all paths; (7) the knowledge of various states of meditation (dhyāna, liberation, samādhi, samāpatti, and so on); (8) the knowledge of remembering previous lives; (9) the knowledge of deaths and rebirths; and (10) the knowledge of the cessation of defilements.

Finding passages containing this term... g.485 The youth Candraprabha zla ’od gzhon nu

ཟླ་འོད་གཞོན་ནུ།

Candraprabha Kumāra

The young man of Rājagrha who is the principal interlocutor for the Samādhirājasūtra. He is frequently addressed as “youth” or “young man,” (Skt. kumāra; Tib. gzhon nu).

Finding passages containing this term... g.486 Three aspects of the action ’khor gsum

འཁོར་གསུམ།

trimaṇḍala

These three aspects, literally “circles” or “provinces,” are the doer, the action, and the object of the action. Their purity is variously described as being free of self-interest or free of conceptualization.

Finding passages containing this term... g.487 Three knowledges rig pa gsum

རིག་པ་གསུམ།

traividya

Knowledge through divine sight (lha’i mig gi shes pa), knowledge through remembering past lives (sngon gyi gnas rjes su dran pa’i rig pa), and the knowledge that defilements have ceased (zag pa zad pa’rig pa).

Finding passages containing this term... g.488 Tīrthika mu stegs pa

མུ་སྟེགས་པ།

tīrthika

Any non-Buddhist tradition in pre-Muslim India, both those Veda-based and not. The term has its origins among the Jains.

Finding passages containing this term... g.489 Trāyastriṃśa sum cu rtsa gsum pa

སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གསུམ་པ།

Trāyastriṃśa

The paradise of Indra on the summit of Sumeru, where there are thirty-three leading deities, hence the name “thirty-three.” The second (counting from the lowest) of the six paradises in the desire realm.

Finding passages containing this term... g.490 Trichiliocosm stong gsum gyi stong chen po

སྟོང་གསུམ་གྱི་སྟོང་ཆེན་པོ།

tri­sāhasra­mahā­sāhasra

A universe composed of a thousand groups of a thousand groups of a thousand worlds, each being a flat disk with its own sun and moon and central mountain.

Finding passages containing this term... g.491 Tsongkhapa tsong kha pa

ཙོང་ཁ་པ།

—

1357–1419. The founder of the Gelug tradition.

Finding passages containing this term... g.492 Tuṣita dga’ ldan

དགའ་ལྡན།

Tuṣita · Samtuṣita

The fourth (counting from the lowest) of the six paradises in the desire realm. The paradise from which Śākyamuni descended to be born into his world.

Finding passages containing this term... g.493 Udāyin ’char ba po

འཆར་བ་པོ།

Udāyin · Kālodāyin

The son of the court priest in Kapilavastu, the Buddha’s home town. Also called Kālodāyin (black Udāyin) because of his dark skin. He and his wife Guptā became monk and nun. He became an arhat who was a skilled teacher. However he also figures prominently in accounts of inappropriate sexual behavior that instigated vinaya rules. He and Guptā are also said to have conceived a son after their ordination.

Finding passages containing this term... g.494 Udraka lhag spyod

ལྷག་སྤྱོད།

Udraka

Finding passages containing this term... g.495 Unfluctuating mi g.yo ba

མི་གཡོ་བ།

acala

Also means unmoving, immovable.

Finding passages containing this term... g.496 Unwavering mi g.yo · mi g.yo ba

མི་གཡོ། · མི་གཡོ་བ།

acalā

The eighth bodhisattva bhūmi.

Finding passages containing this term... g.497 Upādhyāya mkhan po

མཁན་པོ།

upādhyāya

A personal preceptor and teacher. In Tibet, the translation mkhan po also came to mean a learned scholar, the equivalent of a paṇḍita.

Finding passages containing this term... g.498 Upāli nye ’khor · nye bar ’khor

ཉེ་འཁོར། · ཉེ་བར་འཁོར།

Upāli

The Buddha’s pupil who was pre-eminent in knowing the monastic rules and recited them and their origins at the first council. He had been a low caste barber in Kapilavastu, the Buddha’s home town.

Finding passages containing this term... g.499 Upananda nye dga’

ཉེ་དགའ།

Upananda

One of the main nāga kings, usually associated with the nāga king Nanda.

Finding passages containing this term... g.500 Upāsaka dge bsnyen

དགེ་བསྙེན།

upāsaka

male lay practitioner

Finding passages containing this term... g.501 Upāsikā dge bsnyen ma

དགེ་བསྙེན་མ།

upāsikā

female lay practitioner

Finding passages containing this term... g.502 Uragasāra sbrul gyi snying po

སྦྲུལ་གྱི་སྙིང་པོ།

uragasāra

A variety of sandalwood. The name means “snake essence” because snakes were said to live in the forests of those trees because they were attracted to their scent.

Finding passages containing this term... g.503 Ūrṇā hair mdzod spu

མཛོད་སྤུ།

ūrṇā

A curled hair or ringlet between the eyebrows that is one of the thirty-two major signs of a “great being.”

Finding passages containing this term... g.504 Uṣṇīṣa gtsug tor

གཙུག་ཏོར།

uṣṇīṣa

One of the thirty-two signs of a great being, in its simplest form it is a pointed shape to the head (like a turban), or more elaborately a dome-shaped protuberance, or even an invisible protuberance of infinite height.

Finding passages containing this term... g.505 Vaiśampāyana be’i sham bA ya

བེའི་ཤམ་བཱ་ཡ།

Vaiśampāyana · Vaiśaṃpāyani · Vaiśaṃpāyan

Ancient rishi, a pupil of Vyāsa and teacher of the Taittirīyasaṃhita.

Finding passages containing this term... g.506 Vaiśravaṇa rnam thos kyi bu

རྣམ་ཐོས་ཀྱི་བུ།

Vaiśravaṇa

As one of the four mahārājas, he is the lord of the northern region of the world and the northern continent, though in early Buddhism he is the lord of the far north of India and beyond. He is also the lord of the yakṣas and a lord of wealth.

Finding passages containing this term... g.507 Valerian rgya spos

རྒྱ་སྤོས།

satagara

Finding passages containing this term... g.508 Vālmīki grog mkhar

གྲོག་མཁར།

Vālmīki · Valmika · Valmīka

Ancient Indian rishi who is renowned as the author of the Rāmāyaṇa.

Finding passages containing this term... g.509 Vāmana bA man

བཱ་མན།

Vāmana · Vāmani · Vāmaṇi

The dwarf incarnation of Viṣṇu, who deceived the king of the asuras.

Finding passages containing this term... g.510 Varapuṣpasa me tog mchog

མེ་ཏོག་མཆོག

Varapuṣpasa

A king in the distant past.

Finding passages containing this term... g.511 Varuṇa chu lha

ཆུ་ལྷ།

Varuṇa

The principal nāga king; also the god of the sea in the Vedas. In this sūtra Sāgara is an alternative name and not another nāga.

Finding passages containing this term... g.512 Vaśiṣṭha gnas ’jog

གནས་འཇོག

Vaśiṣṭha · Vasiṣṭha

One of the seven great rishis of ancient India, said to have composed part of the Rigveda.

Finding passages containing this term... g.513 Vāsuki nor yod

ནོར་ཡོད།

Vāsuki

Nāga king, well known in Indian mythology as being the serpent coiled around Meru that was used to churn the ocean at the origin of the world.

Finding passages containing this term... g.514 Vasunandi dga’ byed

དགའ་བྱེད།

Vasunandi · Nandika

Finding passages containing this term... g.515 Vātsyāyana bad tsa

བད་ཙ།

Vātsyāyana · Vatsa · Śrīvatsa

A rishi of ancient India, said to be the author of the Nyaysūtrabhāśya and the famous Kāmasūtra.

Finding passages containing this term... g.516 Vemacitra bzang ris

བཟང་རིས།

Vemacitra

The king of the asuras.

Finding passages containing this term... g.517 Vetiver mR na la

མཪ་ན་ལ།

mṛnala

Finding passages containing this term... g.518 Vidyādhara rig sngags ’chang · rig ’dzin

རིག་སྔགས་འཆང་། · རིག་འཛིན།

vidyādhara

A race of superhuman beings with magical powers who lived high in mountains, such as the Malaya range of southwest India. Also used for humans who have gained powers through their mantras.

Finding passages containing this term... g.519 Vighuṣṭaghoṣa rnam par grags pa’i dbyangs

རྣམ་པར་གྲགས་པའི་དབྱངས།

Vighuṣṭaghoṣa

Finding passages containing this term... g.520 Vighuṣṭajñāna ye shes rnam grags

ཡེ་ཤེས་རྣམ་གྲགས།

Vighuṣṭajñāna

Finding passages containing this term... g.521 Vighuṣṭanetra rnam par grags pa’i spyan

རྣམ་པར་གྲགས་པའི་སྤྱན།

Vighuṣṭanetra

g.522 Vighuṣṭaśabda rnam grags sgra

རྣམ་གྲགས་སྒྲ།

Vighuṣṭaśabda

g.523 Vighuṣṭatejas rnam par grags pa’i gzi brjid

རྣམ་པར་གྲགས་པའི་གཟི་བརྗིད།

Vighuṣṭatejas

g.524 Vikaṭa rad rod can

རད་རོད་ཅན།

Vikaṭa

A yakṣa lord.

g.525 Vimalaprabha dri med ’od

དྲི་མེད་འོད།

Vimalaprabha

A future buddha, who was Candraprabha in the time of Śākyamuni.

g.526 Vinaya ’dul ba

འདུལ་བ།

vinaya

The section of the Buddha’s teachings that focuses on conduct.

g.527 Vindhya ’bigs byed

འབིགས་བྱེད།

Vindhya

A mountain range, actually a series of mountain ranges, which extends across central India.

g.528 Vipaśyanā lhag mthong

ལྷག་མཐོང་།

vipaśyanā

Insight meditation.

g.529 Vīrasena dpa’ bo’i sde

དཔའ་བོའི་སྡེ།

Vīrasena · Vīra

A bodhisattva who only appears in passing in the Samādhirāja, and in no other sūtra.

g.530 Virūḍhaka ’phags skyes po

འཕགས་སྐྱེས་པོ།

Virūḍhaka · Viruḍhaka

One of the four mahārājas. He is the guardian of the southern direction and the lord of the kumbhāṇḍas.

g.531 Virūpākṣa mig mi bzang

མིག་མི་བཟང་།

Virūpākṣa · Virupākṣa

One of the four mahārājas. He is the guardian of the western direction and traditionally the lord of the nāgas, though in this sūtra that appears to be Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

g.532 Viśuddhanetra rnam par dag pa’i spyan

རྣམ་པར་དག་པའི་སྤྱན།

Viśuddhanetra

g.533 Viśuddha­ghoṣeśvara rnam dag sgra yi dbang phyug

རྣམ་དག་སྒྲ་ཡི་དབང་ཕྱུག

Viśuddha­ghoṣeśvara

g.534 Viśvāmitra thams cad bshes

ཐམས་ཅད་བཤེས།

Viśvāmitra

One of the early great rishis of India, who revealed part of the Vedas.

g.535 Viveśacintin khyad par sems

ཁྱད་པར་སེམས།

Viveśacintin

A king in the distant past.

g.536 Vulture Peak rgod kyi phung po

རྒོད་ཀྱི་ཕུང་པོ།

Gṛdhrakūṭa

A mountain by Rajghir in Bihar, which is the setting for many sutras. Also rendered here as “Gṛdhrakūṭa.”

g.537 Vyāsa rgyas pa

རྒྱས་པ།

Vyāsa

The rishi who is said to have divided the Vedas into four and to have compiled the epic, the Mahābhārata.

g.538 Vyūharāja bkod pa’i rgyal po

བཀོད་པའི་རྒྱལ་པོ།

Vyūharāja

g.539 Water lily dri mchog

དྲི་མཆོག

saugandhika

Nymphaea stellata; Nymphaea nouchali. Day-blossoming water lilies that may be blue, white, or red.

g.540 Water that has the eight qualities yan lag brgyad ldan gyi chu

ཡན་ལག་བརྒྱད་ལྡན་གྱི་ཆུ།

aṣṭāṅgajala

Water that has the eight qualities of being sweet, cool, pleasant, light, clear, pure, not harmful to the throat, and beneficial for the stomach.

g.541 Wavy-leaf fig tree blag sha

བླག་ཤ།

plakṣa

Ficus infectoria. Full English name: White fruited wavy-leaf fig tree.

g.542 White coral spug

སྤུག

musalagalva · musāragalva · musāgalva · musaragalva

White coral is fossilized coral. It appears in one version of the list of seven jewels or treasures. Tibetan tradition describes it as being formed from ice over a long period of time. It is coral that has undergone millions of years of underwater pressure. It can also refer to tridacna (Tridacnidae) shell, which is also presently referred to by the name musaragalva. Attempts to identify musalagalva have included sapphire, cat’s eye, red coral, conch, and amber.

g.543 White lotus pad ma dkar po

པད་མ་དཀར་པོ།

puṇḍarika

g.544 Worldly concerns ’jig rten pa’i chos

འཇིག་རྟེན་པའི་ཆོས།

lokadharma

These are often listed as eight in number, as in the commentary: gain and no gain, happiness and suffering, praise and criticism, fame and lack of fame.

g.545 Yakṣa snod byin

སྣོད་བྱིན།

yakṣa

A class of supernatural beings, often represented as the attendants of the god of wealth, but the term is also applied to spirits. Although they are generally portrayed as benevolent, the Tibetan translation means “harm giver,” as they are also capable of causing harm.

g.546 Yāma ’thab bral

འཐབ་བྲལ།

Yāma

Third (counting from the lowest) of the six paradises in the desire realm.

g.547 Yāna theg pa

ཐེག་པ།

yāna

A “way of going,” which primarily means a path or a way. It can also mean a conveyance or carriage, which definition within commentarial literature is represented in the Tibetan “carrier,” and therefore also translated into English as “vehicle.”

g.548 Yaśaḥprabha snyan pa’i ’od

སྙན་པའི་འོད།

Yaśaḥprabha

g.549 Yogin rnal ’byor pa

རྣལ་འབྱོར་པ།

yogin

“The one who is united,” a succesful practitioner who has attained realization. The Tibetan means “one who is united with the genuine nature.”

g.550 Yojana dpag tshad

དཔག་ཚད།

yojana

The longest unit of distance in classical India. The lack of a uniform standard for the smaller units means that there is no precise equivalent, especially as its theoretical length tended to increase over time. Therefore it can mean between four and ten miles.

Source

http://read.84000.co/translation/UT22084-055-001.html