Twelve Heavenly Generals
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In some Buddhist denominations, the Twelve Heavenly Generals or Twelve Divine Generals are the protective deities, or yaksha, of Bhaisajyaguru, the buddha of healing. They are introduced in the Bhaiṣajyaguruvaidūryaprabharāja Sūtra.[1] They are collectively named as follows:
- simplified Chinese: 十二神将; traditional Chinese: 十二神將; pinyin: Shí'èr Shén Jiāng
- Japanese: Jūni Shinshō (十二神将?) or Jūni Shinnō (十二神王?) or Jūni Yakusha Taishō (十二薬叉大将?)[2]
Names of Generals
The names of the generals are:[1]
| Sanskrit | kanji | romanized Japanese | Pinyin |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kumbhīra | Template:Nihongo2 | Kubira Kompira (Shinto) |
Guānpíluò Jīnpeíluò |
| Vajra | Template:Nihongo2 | Basara, Bazara | Fázhéluò |
| Mihira | Template:Nihongo2 | Mekira, Meikira | Míqǐluò |
| Aṇḍīra | Template:Nihongo2 | Anchira, Anteira | Āndǐluò |
| Anila | Template:Nihongo2 | Anira Majira |
Ènǐluò |
| Sandilya (Rishi) | Template:Nihongo2 | Sanchira, Santeira | Shāndìluò |
| Indra | Template:Nihongo2 | Indara | Yīndàluò Dìshìtiān |
| Pajra | Template:Nihongo2 | Haira | Bōyìluò |
| Mahoraga | Template:Nihongo2 | Makora Makura |
Mòhǔluò Mòhóuluòjiā |
| Kinnara | Template:Nihongo2 | Shintara, Kimnara Shindūra |
Zhēndàluò |
| Catura | Template:Nihongo2 | Shōtora Shatora |
Zhāodùluò |
| Vikarāla | Template:Nihongo2 | Bikara Bigyara |
Píjiéluò |
The goddess Marici (Buddhism)|Marichi, protector of warriors and protector against fire is sometimes worshipped as one of the Twelve Heavenly Generals.[1]
Popular culture
General Catura at Ngong Ping
- Statues of the Twelve Heavenly Generals stand in Ngong Ping, Hong Kong. They are near the Statue of Big Buddha.
- In the anime Digimon Tamers, the twelve devas are named after the Twelve Heavenly Generals.
