Three turnings of the Dharma wheel in the twelve appearances
three turnings of the Dharma wheel in the twelve appearances (三轉法輪十二行相).
The Buddha turned three times the Dharma wheel of the Four Noble Truths. During the first turning for indication, the Buddha revealed, “This is suffering; this is accumulation of afflictions; this is cessation of suffering; this is the path.” During the second turning for persuasion, He advised, “This is the suffering you should know; this is the accumulation of afflictions you should destroy; this is the cessation of suffering you should achieve; this is the path you should take.” During the third turning for confirmation, He testified, “This is the suffering I have known; this is the accumulation of afflictions I have destroyed; this is the cessation of suffering I have achieved; this is the path I have completed.”
