Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo
Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo (jam dbyangs mkhyen brtse’i dbang po) (1820–1892), also known as Pema Ösal Do-ngak Lingpa, was a renowned teacher, scholar and tertön of 19th century Tibet. He was a leading figure in the nonsectarian Rime movement.
Biography
Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo was born in 1820 amid wonderous signs on the 5th day of the 6th month of the Iron Dragon year of the 14th Rabjung, in the region of Yaru Khyungchen Drak in the villiage of Dilgo in Derge, East Tibet. His father was Rinchen Namgyal, a secretary in Derge belonging to the Nyö clan, and a descendant of Drikung Changchub Lingpa. His mother Sönam Tso was a daughter of Gerab Nyerchen Göntse of the Sogmo family, from a Mongol background.
At twelve, he was recognized by Thartse Khenchen Jampa Kunga Tendzin as the incarnation of Jampa Namkha Chimé, and was given the name Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo Kunga Tenpé Gyaltsen Palzangpo. At twenty-one, he received full ordination from Minling Khenchen Rigdzin Zangpo at Mindrolling Monastery. In all, he had more than one hundred and fifty
teachers, who were masters from all four major Tibetan Buddhist schools — Sakya, Gelug, Kagyü and Nyingma — from the regions of Ü and Tsang, as well as Eastern Tibet, including Minling Trichen Gyurme Sangye Kunga, Shechen Gyurme Thutob Namgyal, Sakyapa Dorje Rinchen and the khenpo brothers of Thartse, Ngorpa Thartsé Khenpo Jampa Kunga Tendzin (1776–1862) and Thartsé Pönlop Naljor Jampal Zangpo (b. 1789).
In time, his fame spread throughout Tibet and he became known by the name of Pema Ösal Dongak Lingpa, and renowned as a holder of the seven special transmissions (ka bab dün).
Disciples
His many disciples included Jamgön Kongtrul, Jamgon Ju Mipham Gyatso, Dodrupchen Jikmé Tenpé Nyima, Chokgyur Lingpa, Tertön Sogyal and many other masters of the Nyingma school; the Sakya throneholder Tashi Rinchen, the fourth Zimwock Rinpoche of Nalendra monastery, many of the khenpos of Ngor and many other masters of the Sakya tradition; the fourteenth and fifteenth Gyalwa Karmapas, the tenth and eleventh Situ Rinpoches, Taklungma Rinpoche and other holders of the Kagyü
teachings; Könchok Tenpa Rabgyé, the Nomihan of Drakyab, Lithang Khenchen Jampa Phuntsok, Horkhang Sar Gyalwa and other Geshes of the Gelugpa tradition, and also followers of the Bön tradition.
Reincarnations
Several reincarnations or emanations of Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo, including those of body (sku), speech (gsung), mind (thugs), qualities (yon tan) and activity ('phrin las), were recognized in Tibet. Of these, the body incarnation was Jamyang Khyentse Chökyi Lodrö, who was originally enthroned at Kathok Monastery but took over Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo's main seat at Dzongsar Monastery when the main incarnation died in an accident c. 1909. The speech incarnation was
Beru Khyentse Rinpoche and the mind incarnation was Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche. Since the early 1960s, Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche, single-handedly upholding the unique tradition of Khyentse incarnations, propagated Dharma tirelessly in India, Bhutan, Nepal, Tibet, and the West (Thondup pg.221]
List of the immediate emanations of Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo:
- Dzongsar Khyentse Jamyang Chökyi Wangpo (1894?-1909) - (sku)
- Beru or Palpung Khyentse, Karma Khyentse'i Ozer (1896–1945) - (gsung)
- Sakya Punpo Khyentse (1900–1950) - (thugs)
- Dilgo Khyentse Rabsal Dawa (1910–1991) - (thugs)
- Se Phagchog Dorje (1854–1919) - (thugs)- a son of Togden Shakya Sri
- Dzogchen Khyentse Guru Tsewang (c.1897-c.1945) - ?(yon tan)
- Nangchen Khyentse Kunzang Drodul (1897-1946) - (yon tan)
- Katog Khyentse Jamyang Chökyi Lodro (1893–1959) - ('phrin las) - later known as Dzongsar Khyentse Jamyang Chökyi Lodro
