Difference between revisions of "Shravaka"
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'''[[Shravaka]]''' (Skt. ''[[śrāvaka]]''; Tib. ''[[nyenthö]]''; [[Wyl.]] ''[[nyan thos]]'') — a follower of the [[basic vehicle]] who strives to attain the level of an [[arhat]]. | '''[[Shravaka]]''' (Skt. ''[[śrāvaka]]''; Tib. ''[[nyenthö]]''; [[Wyl.]] ''[[nyan thos]]'') — a follower of the [[basic vehicle]] who strives to attain the level of an [[arhat]]. | ||
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=={{Wiki|Etymology}}== | =={{Wiki|Etymology}}== | ||
The [[Sanskrit]] [[word]] [[shravaka]], means 'one who hears and proclaims'. There are two explanations for this: | The [[Sanskrit]] [[word]] [[shravaka]], means 'one who hears and proclaims'. There are two explanations for this: | ||
| − | *The first explanation is that the [[shravakas]] first '''hear''' the instructions from the [[Buddha]] on teachings such as the [[four noble truths]] or the [[twelve links of interdependent origination]], and then through {{Wiki|reflecting}} and [[meditating]] on these instructions they attain their [[fruition]] of [[arhathood]]. Once they attain this [[fruition]], they '''proclaim''' this to others by saying, "What was to be done has been done! I will know no further [[existences]]!" and so on. | + | |
| + | *The first explanation is that the [[shravakas]] first '''hear''' the instructions from the [[Buddha]] on teachings such as the [[four noble truths]] or the [[twelve links of interdependent origination]], and then through {{Wiki|reflecting}} and [[meditating]] on these | ||
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| + | instructions they attain their [[fruition]] of [[arhathood]]. Once they attain this [[fruition]], they '''proclaim''' this to others by saying, "What was to be done has been done! I will know no further [[existences]]!" and so on. | ||
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*The second is that the [[sharavakas]] receive or '''hear''' teachings on the [[mahayana]] from the [[Buddha]], and although they do not practise them themselves, they retain them with their infallible {{Wiki|memories}}. Then, when they meet those they consider to be suitable vessels for the [[mahayana]], they '''proclaim''' the teachings which they have memorized. | *The second is that the [[sharavakas]] receive or '''hear''' teachings on the [[mahayana]] from the [[Buddha]], and although they do not practise them themselves, they retain them with their infallible {{Wiki|memories}}. Then, when they meet those they consider to be suitable vessels for the [[mahayana]], they '''proclaim''' the teachings which they have memorized. | ||
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==Translations== | ==Translations== | ||
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*Auditor (D. [[Seyfort Ruegg]]) | *Auditor (D. [[Seyfort Ruegg]]) | ||
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*[[Disciple]] ([[Geshe Thupten Jinpa]]) | *[[Disciple]] ([[Geshe Thupten Jinpa]]) | ||
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*Hearer | *Hearer | ||
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*Listener | *Listener | ||
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*Pious Attendant | *Pious Attendant | ||
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==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
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==Further Reading== | ==Further Reading== | ||
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*{{Nolinking|Alex Trisoglio (ed.), ''Introduction to the Middle Way: Chandrakirti’s Madhyamakavatara with commentary by [[Dzongsar Jamyang Khyentse Rinpoche]]'', [[Khyentse Foundation]], 2003}} | *{{Nolinking|Alex Trisoglio (ed.), ''Introduction to the Middle Way: Chandrakirti’s Madhyamakavatara with commentary by [[Dzongsar Jamyang Khyentse Rinpoche]]'', [[Khyentse Foundation]], 2003}} | ||
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{{RigpaWiki}} | {{RigpaWiki}} | ||
Latest revision as of 15:00, 11 December 2023
- See also :
- See also :
Shravaka (Skt. śrāvaka; Tib. nyenthö; Wyl. nyan thos) — a follower of the basic vehicle who strives to attain the level of an arhat.
Etymology
The Sanskrit word shravaka, means 'one who hears and proclaims'. There are two explanations for this:
- The first explanation is that the shravakas first hear the instructions from the Buddha on teachings such as the four noble truths or the twelve links of interdependent origination, and then through reflecting and meditating on these
instructions they attain their fruition of arhathood. Once they attain this fruition, they proclaim this to others by saying, "What was to be done has been done! I will know no further existences!" and so on.
- The second is that the sharavakas receive or hear teachings on the mahayana from the Buddha, and although they do not practise them themselves, they retain them with their infallible memories. Then, when they meet those they consider to be suitable vessels for the mahayana, they proclaim the teachings which they have memorized.
Translations
- Auditor (D. Seyfort Ruegg)
- Hearer
- Listener
- Pious Attendant
See Also
Further Reading
- Alex Trisoglio (ed.), Introduction to the Middle Way: Chandrakirti’s Madhyamakavatara with commentary by Dzongsar Jamyang Khyentse Rinpoche, Khyentse Foundation, 2003
