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Difference between revisions of "Physical characteristics of the Buddha"

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[[File:13sd.jpg|thumb|250px|]][[File:00-4jf.jpg|thumb|250px|]][[File:00buddha513.jpg|thumb|250px|]][[File:111.jpg|thumb|250px|]][[File:12mind-copy.jpg|thumb|250px|]][[File:283.jpg|thumb|250px|]][[File:6975080 n.jpg|thumb|250px|]][[File:967812500.jpg|thumb|250px|]][[File:95 200.jpg|thumb|250px|]][[File:Bjtk090a.jpg|thumb|250px|]]
The [[physical]] [[characteristics]] of the [[Buddha]] refers to the general [[appearance]] and [[characteristics]] of [[Gautama]] [[Buddha's]] [[physical body]]. There are no extant {{Wiki|representations}} of the [[Buddha]] represented in artistic [[form]] until roughly the 2nd century CE, partly due to the prominence of [[aniconism]] in the earliest extant period of [[Buddhist]] devotial statuary and bas reliefs. A number of early discourses describe the [[appearance]] of the [[Buddha]], and are believed to have served as a model for early depictions. In particular, the "[[32 signs]] of a Great Man" are described throughout the [[Pali Canon]], and these are believed to have formed the basis for early {{Wiki|representations}} of the [[Buddha]]. These 32 major [[characteristics]] are also supplemented by another 80 secondary [[characteristics]] ([[Pali]]:[[Anubyanjana]]).
 
  
In [[Mahāyāna Buddhism]], including the [[traditions]] of [[Esoteric Buddhism]], the 32 major [[characteristics]] and 80 minor [[characteristics]] are understood to be {{Wiki|present}} in a [[buddha's]] [[sambhogakāya]], or [[reward-body]]. In contrast, a [[buddha's]] [[physical]] [[form]] is understood to be a [[nirmāṇakāya]], or [[transformation-body]].
+
 
 +
 
 +
 
 +
 
 +
 
 +
 
 +
 
 +
The [[physical characteristics of the Buddha]] refers to the general [[appearance]] and [[characteristics]] of [[Gautama Buddha's physical body]]. There are no extant {{Wiki|representations}} of the [[Buddha]] represented in artistic [[form]] until roughly the 2nd century CE, partly due to the prominence of [[aniconism]] in the earliest extant period of [[Buddhist]] devotial statuary and bas reliefs.
 +
 
 +
A number of early [[discourses]] describe the [[appearance]] of the [[Buddha]], and are believed to have served as a model for early depictions. In particular, the "[[32 signs of a Great Man]]" are described throughout the [[Pali Canon]], and these are believed to have formed the basis for early {{Wiki|representations}} of the [[Buddha]]. These [[32 major characteristics]] are also supplemented by another [[80 secondary characteristics]] ([[Pali]]:[[Anubyanjana]]).
 +
 
 +
In [[Mahāyāna Buddhism]], [[including]] the [[traditions]] of [[Esoteric Buddhism]], the [[32 major characteristics]] and [[80 minor characteristics]] are understood to be {{Wiki|present}} in a [[buddha's]] [[sambhogakāya]], or [[reward-body]]. In contrast, a [[buddha's physical form]] is understood to be a [[nirmāṇakāya]], or [[transformation-body]].
 +
 
  
 
==Early history==
 
==Early history==
Line 13: Line 24:
  
 
:    So, at a later [[time]], while still young, a black-haired young man endowed with the [[blessings]] of youth in the first stage of life—and while my [[parents]], unwilling, were crying with {{Wiki|tears}} streaming down their faces—I shaved off my [[hair]] & beard, put on the ochre robe and went forth from the home [[life]] into homelessness.
 
:    So, at a later [[time]], while still young, a black-haired young man endowed with the [[blessings]] of youth in the first stage of life—and while my [[parents]], unwilling, were crying with {{Wiki|tears}} streaming down their faces—I shaved off my [[hair]] & beard, put on the ochre robe and went forth from the home [[life]] into homelessness.
 +
 
::    — [[Ariyapariyesana Sutta]]
 
::    — [[Ariyapariyesana Sutta]]
  
After examining the {{Wiki|cult}} of the [[Buddha]] image in [[India]], Gregory Schopen concludes that followers of [[Mahāyāna]] at this [[time]] played little to no role in introducing statuary and other [[physical]] depictions of the [[Buddha]]. [[Mahāyāna sūtras]] from this period such as the Maitreyasiṃhanāda [[Sūtra]], only address the image {{Wiki|cult}} as an [[object]] of [[criticism]], if it is mentioned at all. Schopen states that followers of [[Mahāyāna]] were generally uninterested in worshipping [[buddhas]], but rather in becoming [[buddhas]], and their outlook toward [[Buddhist practice]] was "profoundly conservative."
+
After examining the {{Wiki|cult}} of the [[Buddha]] image in [[India]], [[Gregory Schopen]] concludes that followers of [[Mahāyāna]] at this [[time]] played little to no role in introducing statuary and other [[physical]] depictions of the [[Buddha]]. [[Mahāyāna sūtras]] from this period such as the [[Maitreyasiṃhanāda Sūtra]], only address the image {{Wiki|cult}} as an [[object]] of [[criticism]], if it is mentioned at all. [[Schopen]] states that followers of [[Mahāyāna]] were generally uninterested in worshipping [[buddhas]], but rather in becoming [[buddhas]], and their outlook toward [[Buddhist practice]] was "profoundly conservative."
  
==The [[32 Signs]] of a Great Man==
+
==The [[32 Signs of a Great Man]]==
  
The [[Buddha]] is [[traditionally]] regarded as having the Thirty-two [[Characteristics]] of a Great Man (Skt. [[mahāpuruṣa]] [[lakṣaṇa]]). These thirty-two [[characteristics]] are also regarded as being {{Wiki|present}} in [[cakravartin]] [[kings]] as well.
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The [[Buddha]] is [[traditionally]] regarded as having the [[Thirty-two Characteristics of a Great Man]] (Skt. [[mahāpuruṣa lakṣaṇa]]). These [[thirty-two characteristics]] are also regarded as being {{Wiki|present}} in [[cakravartin]] [[kings]] as well.
  
The [[Digha Nikaya]], in the "{{Wiki|Discourse}} of the Marks" ([[Pali]]: [[Lakkhaṇa Sutta]]) (DN 30) enumerates and explains the 32 [[characteristics]]. These are also enumerated in the [[Brahmāyu Sutta]] of the [[Majjhima Nikāya]] (MN 91).
+
The [[Digha Nikaya]], in the "[[Discourse of the Marks]]" ([[Pali]]: [[Lakkhaṇa Sutta]]) (DN 30) enumerates and explains the 32 [[characteristics]]. These are also enumerated in the [[Brahmāyu Sutta]] of the [[Majjhima Nikāya]] (MN 91).
  
 
The 32 major [[characteristics]] are:
 
The 32 major [[characteristics]] are:
Line 46: Line 58:
 
# [[Body]] erect and upright
 
# [[Body]] erect and upright
 
# Full, round shoulders
 
# Full, round shoulders
# Forty teeth
+
# Forty {{Wiki|teeth}}
 
# Teeth white, even, and close
 
# Teeth white, even, and close
# Four canine teeth [[pure]] white
+
# Four canine {{Wiki|teeth}} [[pure]] white
 
# Jaw like a [[lion]]
 
# Jaw like a [[lion]]
 
# Saliva that improves the {{Wiki|taste}} of all [[food]]
 
# Saliva that improves the {{Wiki|taste}} of all [[food]]
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# [[Eyes]] deep blue
 
# [[Eyes]] deep blue
 
# Eyelashes like a {{Wiki|royal}} [[bull]]
 
# Eyelashes like a {{Wiki|royal}} [[bull]]
# White [[ūrṇā]] curl that emits light between eyebrows
+
# White [[ūrṇā]] curl that emits {{Wiki|light}} between [[eyebrows]]
# Fleshy protuberance on the {{Wiki|crown}} of the head
+
# [[Fleshy protuberance]] on the {{Wiki|crown}} of the head
 +
 
  
 
==The 80 secondary [[characteristics]]==
 
==The 80 secondary [[characteristics]]==
  
The 80 minor [[characteristics]] of the [[Buddha]] are known to be enumerated a number of times in the extant [[Āgamas]] of the [[Chinese Buddhist canon]]. According to [[Guang Xing]], the 80 minor marks are {{Wiki|related}} to the 32 [[major marks]], and are merely a more detailed description of the [[Buddha's]] [[bodily]] features. In the [[Sarvāstivādin]] [[Abhidharma]] [[Mahāvibhāṣa Śāstra]], the question is posed about the relationship between the major and minor marks, and it is said that the minor marks are among the [[major marks]], but not mixed with them, just as [[flowers]] in the {{Wiki|forest}} make the [[trees]] {{Wiki|distinctive}}. These 80 minor [[characteristics]] became significant as well, as were adopted by [[Buddhist traditions]] including both [[Mahāyāna]] and [[Theravāda]] [[traditions]]. In [[Pali literature]], the 80 minor [[characteristics]] are found in the [[Apadāna]] and the [[Milindapañha]]. Some [[scholars]] believe the 80 minor [[characteristics]] were an early development in the [[Buddhist tradition]], but held as important mostly by the [[Sarvāstivāda school]].
+
The 80 minor [[characteristics]] of the [[Buddha]] are known to be enumerated a number of times in the extant [[Āgamas]] of the [[Chinese Buddhist canon]]. According to [[Guang Xing]], the 80 [[minor marks]] are related to the 32 [[major marks]], and are merely a more detailed description of the [[Buddha's]] [[bodily]] features. In the [[Sarvāstivādin]] [[Abhidharma]] [[Mahāvibhāṣa Śāstra]], the question is posed about the relationship between the major and [[minor marks]], and it is said that the [[minor marks]] are among the [[major marks]], but not mixed with them, just as [[flowers]] in the {{Wiki|forest}} make the [[trees]] {{Wiki|distinctive}}. These 80 minor [[characteristics]] became significant as well, as were adopted by [[Buddhist traditions]] [[including]] both [[Mahāyāna]] and [[Theravāda]] [[traditions]]. In [[Pali literature]], the 80 minor [[characteristics]] are found in the [[Apadāna]] and the [[Milindapañha]]. Some [[scholars]] believe the 80 minor [[characteristics]] were an early [[development]] in the [[Buddhist tradition]], but held as important mostly by the [[Sarvāstivāda school]].
  
 
The eighty minor [[characteristics]] are:
 
The eighty minor [[characteristics]] are:
Line 79: Line 92:
 
# His knees have no protruding kneecaps.
 
# His knees have no protruding kneecaps.
 
# He has the demeanor of a great man.
 
# He has the demeanor of a great man.
# His navel is without blemish.
+
# His {{Wiki|navel}} is without blemish.
 
# He has a deep-shaped {{Wiki|abdomen}}.
 
# He has a deep-shaped {{Wiki|abdomen}}.
 
# He has {{Wiki|clockwise}} marks on the {{Wiki|abdomen}}.
 
# He has {{Wiki|clockwise}} marks on the {{Wiki|abdomen}}.
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# His [[body]] is unblemished above and below.
 
# His [[body]] is unblemished above and below.
 
# His [[body]] is absolutely free of [[impurities]].
 
# His [[body]] is absolutely free of [[impurities]].
# He has the strength of 1,000 {{Wiki|crore}} [[elephants]] or 100,000 crore men.
+
# He has the strength of 1,000 {{Wiki|crore}} [[elephants]] or 100,000 {{Wiki|crore}} men.
 
# He has a protruding {{Wiki|nose}}.
 
# He has a protruding {{Wiki|nose}}.
 
# His {{Wiki|nose}} is well proportioned.
 
# His {{Wiki|nose}} is well proportioned.
 
# His upper and lower lips are {{Wiki|equal}} in size and have a rosy tint.
 
# His upper and lower lips are {{Wiki|equal}} in size and have a rosy tint.
# His teeth are unblemished and with no plaque.
+
# His {{Wiki|teeth}} are unblemished and with no plaque.
# His teeth are long like polished [[conches]].
+
# His {{Wiki|teeth}} are long like polished [[conches]].
# His teeth are smooth and without ridges.
+
# His {{Wiki|teeth}} are smooth and without ridges.
 
# His five [[sense-organs]] are unblemished.
 
# His five [[sense-organs]] are unblemished.
# His four canine teeth are {{Wiki|crystal}} and rounded.
+
# His four canine {{Wiki|teeth}} are {{Wiki|crystal}} and rounded.
 
# His face is long and beautiful.
 
# His face is long and beautiful.
 
# His cheeks are radiant.
 
# His cheeks are radiant.
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# The lines on his palms are straight.
 
# The lines on his palms are straight.
 
# The lines on his palms have a rosy tint.
 
# The lines on his palms have a rosy tint.
# His [[body]] [[emanates]] a [[halo]] of light extending around him for two meters.
+
# His [[body]] [[emanates]] a [[halo]] of {{Wiki|light}} extending around him for two meters.
 
# His cheek cavities are fully rounded and smooth.
 
# His cheek cavities are fully rounded and smooth.
 
# His eyelids are well proportioned.
 
# His eyelids are well proportioned.
# The five nerves of his [[eyes]] are unblemished.  
+
# The five {{Wiki|nerves}} of his [[eyes]] are unblemished.  
 
# The tips of his [[bodily]] [[hair]] are neither curved nor bent.
 
# The tips of his [[bodily]] [[hair]] are neither curved nor bent.
 
# He has a rounded {{Wiki|tongue}}.
 
# He has a rounded {{Wiki|tongue}}.
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# His {{Wiki|forehead}} is well-proportioned in length and breadth.
 
# His {{Wiki|forehead}} is well-proportioned in length and breadth.
 
# His {{Wiki|forehead}} is rounded and beautiful.
 
# His {{Wiki|forehead}} is rounded and beautiful.
# His eyebrows are arched like a [[bow]].
+
# His [[eyebrows]] are arched like a [[bow]].
# The [[hair]] of his eyebrows is fine.
+
# The [[hair]] of his [[eyebrows]] is fine.
# The [[hair]] of his eyebrows lies flat.
+
# The [[hair]] of his [[eyebrows]] lies flat.
 
# He has large brows.
 
# He has large brows.
 
# His brows reach the outward corner of his [[eyes]].
 
# His brows reach the outward corner of his [[eyes]].
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# His [[body]] is always radiant.
 
# His [[body]] is always radiant.
 
# His [[body]] is always refreshed like a [[lotus flower]].
 
# His [[body]] is always refreshed like a [[lotus flower]].
# His [[body]] is exquisitely sensitive to {{Wiki|touch}}.
+
# His [[body]] is exquisitely [[sensitive]] to {{Wiki|touch}}.
# His [[body]] has the scent of [[sandalwood]].
+
# His [[body]] has the {{Wiki|scent}} of [[sandalwood]].
 
# His [[body]] [[hair]] is consistent in length.
 
# His [[body]] [[hair]] is consistent in length.
 
# He has fine [[bodily]] [[hair]].
 
# He has fine [[bodily]] [[hair]].
 
# His [[breath]] is always fine.
 
# His [[breath]] is always fine.
 
# His {{Wiki|mouth}} always has a beautiful [[smile]].
 
# His {{Wiki|mouth}} always has a beautiful [[smile]].
# His {{Wiki|mouth}} has the scent of a [[lotus flower]].
+
# His {{Wiki|mouth}} has the {{Wiki|scent}} of a [[lotus flower]].
 
# His [[hair]] has the {{Wiki|colour}} of a dark shadow.
 
# His [[hair]] has the {{Wiki|colour}} of a dark shadow.
 
# His [[hair]] is strongly scented.
 
# His [[hair]] is strongly scented.
# His [[hair]] has the scent of a [[white lotus]].
+
# His [[hair]] has the {{Wiki|scent}} of a [[white lotus]].
 
# He has curled [[hair]].
 
# He has curled [[hair]].
 
# His [[hair]] does not turn grey.
 
# His [[hair]] does not turn grey.
Line 147: Line 160:
 
==Alternate depictions==
 
==Alternate depictions==
  
Some have noted that in at least two discourses in the [[Pali Canon]], the [[Buddha]] may be interpreted as being bald as in head shaven.
+
Some have noted that in at least two [[discourses]] in the [[Pali Canon]], the [[Buddha]] may be interpreted as being bald as in head shaven.
  
 
{{W}}
 
{{W}}
 
[[Category:Buddhas]]
 
[[Category:Buddhas]]

Latest revision as of 14:29, 21 January 2016

13sd.jpg
00-4jf.jpg
00buddha513.jpg
111.jpg
12mind-copy.jpg
283.jpg
6975080 n.jpg
967812500.jpg
95 200.jpg
Bjtk090a.jpg





The physical characteristics of the Buddha refers to the general appearance and characteristics of Gautama Buddha's physical body. There are no extant representations of the Buddha represented in artistic form until roughly the 2nd century CE, partly due to the prominence of aniconism in the earliest extant period of Buddhist devotial statuary and bas reliefs.

A number of early discourses describe the appearance of the Buddha, and are believed to have served as a model for early depictions. In particular, the "32 signs of a Great Man" are described throughout the Pali Canon, and these are believed to have formed the basis for early representations of the Buddha. These 32 major characteristics are also supplemented by another 80 secondary characteristics (Pali:Anubyanjana).

In Mahāyāna Buddhism, including the traditions of Esoteric Buddhism, the 32 major characteristics and 80 minor characteristics are understood to be present in a buddha's sambhogakāya, or reward-body. In contrast, a buddha's physical form is understood to be a nirmāṇakāya, or transformation-body.


Early history

The earliest phase of Buddhism was generally aniconic, with the Buddha being represented as symbols such as a footprint, an empty chair, a riderless horse, or an umbrella. Later, iconic sculptural traditions were established, with two of the most important being in the regions of Gandhara and Mathura.

The first statues and busts of the Buddha were made in the Gandhara (now Kandahar) region of modern day Afghanistan. Many statues and busts exist where the Buddha and other bodhisattvas have a mustache.

In the Pali Canon a paragraph appears many times recording the Buddha describing how he began his quest for enlightenment, saying:

So, at a later time, while still young, a black-haired young man endowed with the blessings of youth in the first stage of life—and while my parents, unwilling, were crying with tears streaming down their faces—I shaved off my hair & beard, put on the ochre robe and went forth from the home life into homelessness.
Ariyapariyesana Sutta

After examining the cult of the Buddha image in India, Gregory Schopen concludes that followers of Mahāyāna at this time played little to no role in introducing statuary and other physical depictions of the Buddha. Mahāyāna sūtras from this period such as the Maitreyasiṃhanāda Sūtra, only address the image cult as an object of criticism, if it is mentioned at all. Schopen states that followers of Mahāyāna were generally uninterested in worshipping buddhas, but rather in becoming buddhas, and their outlook toward Buddhist practice was "profoundly conservative."

The 32 Signs of a Great Man

The Buddha is traditionally regarded as having the Thirty-two Characteristics of a Great Man (Skt. mahāpuruṣa lakṣaṇa). These thirty-two characteristics are also regarded as being present in cakravartin kings as well.

The Digha Nikaya, in the "Discourse of the Marks" (Pali: Lakkhaṇa Sutta) (DN 30) enumerates and explains the 32 characteristics. These are also enumerated in the Brahmāyu Sutta of the Majjhima Nikāya (MN 91).

The 32 major characteristics are:

  1. Level feet
  2. Thousand-spoked wheel sign on feet
  3. Long, slender fingers
  4. Pliant hands and feet
  5. Toes and fingers finely webbed
  6. Full-sized heels
  7. Arched insteps
  8. Thighs like a royal stag
  9. Hands reaching below the knees
  10. Well-retracted male organ
  11. Height and stretch of arms equal
  12. Every hair-root dark colored
  13. Body hair graceful and curly
  14. Golden-hued body
  15. Ten-foot aura around him
  16. Soft, smooth skin
  17. Soles, palms, shoulders, and crown of head well-rounded
  18. Area below armpits well-filled
  19. Lion-shaped body
  20. Body erect and upright
  21. Full, round shoulders
  22. Forty teeth
  23. Teeth white, even, and close
  24. Four canine teeth pure white
  25. Jaw like a lion
  26. Saliva that improves the taste of all food
  27. Tongue long and broad
  28. Voice deep and resonant
  29. Eyes deep blue
  30. Eyelashes like a royal bull
  31. White ūrṇā curl that emits light between eyebrows
  32. Fleshy protuberance on the crown of the head


The 80 secondary characteristics

The 80 minor characteristics of the Buddha are known to be enumerated a number of times in the extant Āgamas of the Chinese Buddhist canon. According to Guang Xing, the 80 minor marks are related to the 32 major marks, and are merely a more detailed description of the Buddha's bodily features. In the Sarvāstivādin Abhidharma Mahāvibhāṣa Śāstra, the question is posed about the relationship between the major and minor marks, and it is said that the minor marks are among the major marks, but not mixed with them, just as flowers in the forest make the trees distinctive. These 80 minor characteristics became significant as well, as were adopted by Buddhist traditions including both Mahāyāna and Theravāda traditions. In Pali literature, the 80 minor characteristics are found in the Apadāna and the Milindapañha. Some scholars believe the 80 minor characteristics were an early development in the Buddhist tradition, but held as important mostly by the Sarvāstivāda school.

The eighty minor characteristics are:

  1. He has beautiful fingers and toes.
  2. He has well-proportioned fingers and toes.
  3. He has tube-shaped fingers and toes.
  4. His fingernails and toenails have a rosy tint.
  5. His fingernails and toenails are slightly upturned at the tip.
  6. His fingernails and toenails are smooth and rounded without ridges.
  7. His ankles and wrists are rounded and undented.
  8. His feet are of equal length.
  9. He has a beautiful gait, like that of a king-elephant.
  10. He has a stately gait, like that of a king-lion.
  11. He has a beautiful gait, like that of a swan.
  12. He has a majestic gait, like that of a royal ox.
  13. His right foot leads when walking.
  14. His knees have no protruding kneecaps.
  15. He has the demeanor of a great man.
  16. His navel is without blemish.
  17. He has a deep-shaped abdomen.
  18. He has clockwise marks on the abdomen.
  19. His thighs are rounded like banana sheaves.
  20. His two arms are shaped like an elephant's trunk.
  21. The lines on the palms of his hands have a rosy tint.
  22. His skin is thick or thin as it should be.
  23. His skin is unwrinkled.
  24. His body is spotless and without lumps.
  25. His body is unblemished above and below.
  26. His body is absolutely free of impurities.
  27. He has the strength of 1,000 crore elephants or 100,000 crore men.
  28. He has a protruding nose.
  29. His nose is well proportioned.
  30. His upper and lower lips are equal in size and have a rosy tint.
  31. His teeth are unblemished and with no plaque.
  32. His teeth are long like polished conches.
  33. His teeth are smooth and without ridges.
  34. His five sense-organs are unblemished.
  35. His four canine teeth are crystal and rounded.
  36. His face is long and beautiful.
  37. His cheeks are radiant.
  38. The lines on his palms are deep.
  39. The lines on his palms are long.
  40. The lines on his palms are straight.
  41. The lines on his palms have a rosy tint.
  42. His body emanates a halo of light extending around him for two meters.
  43. His cheek cavities are fully rounded and smooth.
  44. His eyelids are well proportioned.
  45. The five nerves of his eyes are unblemished.
  46. The tips of his bodily hair are neither curved nor bent.
  47. He has a rounded tongue.
  48. His tongue is soft and has a rosy-tint.
  49. His ears are long like lotus petals.
  50. His earholes are beautifully rounded.
  51. His sinews and tendons don't stick out.
  52. His sinews and tendons are deeply embedded in the flesh.
  53. His topknot is like a crown.
  54. His forehead is well-proportioned in length and breadth.
  55. His forehead is rounded and beautiful.
  56. His eyebrows are arched like a bow.
  57. The hair of his eyebrows is fine.
  58. The hair of his eyebrows lies flat.
  59. He has large brows.
  60. His brows reach the outward corner of his eyes.
  61. His skin is fine throughout his body.
  62. His whole body has abundant signs of good fortune.
  63. His body is always radiant.
  64. His body is always refreshed like a lotus flower.
  65. His body is exquisitely sensitive to touch.
  66. His body has the scent of sandalwood.
  67. His body hair is consistent in length.
  68. He has fine bodily hair.
  69. His breath is always fine.
  70. His mouth always has a beautiful smile.
  71. His mouth has the scent of a lotus flower.
  72. His hair has the colour of a dark shadow.
  73. His hair is strongly scented.
  74. His hair has the scent of a white lotus.
  75. He has curled hair.
  76. His hair does not turn grey.
  77. He has fine hair.
  78. His hair is untangled.
  79. His hair has long curls. (Buddha may be interpreted as being bald)
  80. He has a topknot as if crowned with a royal flower garland.

Alternate depictions

Some have noted that in at least two discourses in the Pali Canon, the Buddha may be interpreted as being bald as in head shaven.

Source

Wikipedia:Physical characteristics of the Buddha