Difference between revisions of "Ashoka Chakra"
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| − | [[Image:Ashoka Chakra.png|right|thumb|200px|Illustration of the [[Ashoka the Great|Ashoka]] Chakra, as depicted on the National flag of the Republic of India.]] | + | [[Image:Ashoka Chakra.png|right|thumb|200px|Illustration of the [[Ashoka the Great|Ashoka]] [[Chakra]], as depicted on the National [[flag]] of the {{Wiki|Republic}} of [[India]].]] |
| − | The '''Ashoka Chakra''' is a depiction of the Buddhist [[Dharmachakra]], represented with 24 spokes. It is so called because it appears on a number of [[wikipedia:edicts of Ashoka|edicts of Ashoka]], most prominent among which is the [[wikipedia:Lion Capital of Asoka|Lion Capital of Sarnath]]. | + | The '''[[Ashoka Chakra]]''' is a depiction of the [[Buddhist]] [[Dharmachakra]], represented with 24 spokes. It is so called because it appears on a number of [[wikipedia:edicts of Ashoka|edicts of Ashoka]], most prominent among which is the [[wikipedia:Lion Capital of Asoka|Lion Capital of Sarnath]]. |
| − | The most visible use of the Ashoka Chakra today is at the centre of the [[wikipedia:Flag of India|National flag of the Republic of India]] (adopted on 22 July 1947), where it is rendered in a Navy-blue colour on a White background, by replacing the symbol of ''Charkha'' (Spinning wheel) of the pre-independence versions of the flag. | + | The most [[visible]] use of the [[Ashoka Chakra]] today is at the centre of the [[wikipedia:Flag of India|National flag of the Republic of India]] (adopted on 22 July 1947), where it is rendered in a Navy-blue {{Wiki|colour}} on a White background, by replacing the [[symbol]] of ''Charkha'' (Spinning [[wheel]]) of the pre-independence versions of the [[flag]]. |
| − | When [[Buddha]] achieved [[Nirvana]] ([[Enlightenment]]) at Gaya, he came to [[Sarnath]] on the outskirts of Varanasi. There He found his five disciples (panch vargiya [[Bhikshu]]) Ashwajeet, Mahanaam, Kaundinya, Bhadrak and Kashyap, who had earlier abandoned him. He preached his first sermon to them, thereby promulgating the Dharmachakra. | + | When [[Buddha]] achieved [[Nirvana]] ([[Enlightenment]]) at [[Gaya]], he came to [[Sarnath]] on the outskirts of [[Varanasi]]. There He found his five [[disciples]] (panch vargiya [[Bhikshu]]) Ashwajeet, Mahanaam, [[Kaundinya]], Bhadrak and [[Kashyap]], who had earlier abandoned him. He {{Wiki|preached}} his first {{Wiki|sermon}} to them, thereby promulgating the [[Dharmachakra]]. |
| − | This is the motif taken up by Ashoka and portrayed on top of his pillars. | + | This is the motif taken up by [[Ashoka]] and portrayed on top of his pillars. |
| − | This is the origin of the chakra in our flag and it asserts the strong ties of our country with the Buddhist [[Faith]]. It is also known as Bhavachakra. | + | This is the origin of the [[chakra]] in our [[flag]] and it asserts the strong ties of our country with the [[Buddhist]] [[Faith]]. It is also known as [[Bhavachakra]]. |
However, the 12 out of 24 spokes represent the twelve casual links taught by The [[Buddha]]. | However, the 12 out of 24 spokes represent the twelve casual links taught by The [[Buddha]]. | ||
| − | The twelve causal links, paired with their corresponding symbols, are: | + | The twelve causal links, paired with their corresponding [[symbols]], are: |
| − | # [[Avidya (Buddhism)|Avidyā]] ''lack of knowledge'' - ''a blind person, often walking, or a person peering out'' | + | # [[Avidya (Buddhism)|Avidyā]] ''lack of [[knowledge]]'' - ''a blind [[person]], often walking, or a [[person]] peering out'' |
| − | # [[Sankhara|Saṃskāra]] ''constructive volitional activity'' - ''a potter shaping a vessel or vessels'' | + | # [[Sankhara|Saṃskāra]] ''constructive [[volitional]] [[activity]]'' - ''a potter shaping a vessel or vessels'' |
| − | # [[Vijnana|Vijñāna]] ''consciousness'' - ''a man or a monkey grasping a fruit'' | + | # [[Vijnana|Vijñāna]] ''[[consciousness]]'' - ''a man or a {{Wiki|monkey}} [[grasping]] a fruit'' |
| − | # [[Namarupa|Nāmarūpa]] ''name and form'' (constituent elements of mental and physical existence) - ''two men afloat in a boat'' | + | # [[Namarupa|Nāmarūpa]] ''[[name]] and [[form]]'' (constituent [[elements]] of [[mental]] and [[physical]] [[existence]]) - ''two men afloat in a boat'' |
| − | # [[Sadayatana|Ṣaḍāyatana]] ''six senses'' (eye, ear, nose, tongue, [[Body]], and mind) - ''a dwelling with six windows'' | + | # [[Sadayatana|Ṣaḍāyatana]] ''[[six senses]]'' ([[eye]], {{Wiki|ear}}, {{Wiki|nose}}, {{Wiki|tongue}}, [[Body]], and [[mind]]) - ''a dwelling with six windows'' |
| − | # [[Sparsha|Sparśa]] ''contact'' - ''lovers consorting, kissing, or entwined'' | + | # [[Sparsha|Sparśa]] ''[[contact]]'' - ''lovers consorting, kissing, or {{Wikidictionary|entwined}}'' |
| − | # [[Vedana|Vedanā]] ''pain'' - ''an arrow to the eye'' | + | # [[Vedana|Vedanā]] ''[[pain]]'' - ''an arrow to the [[eye]]'' |
| − | # [[Tanha|Tṛṣṇa]] ''thirst'' - ''a drinker receiving drink'' | + | # [[Tanha|Tṛṣṇa]] ''[[thirst]]'' - ''a drinker receiving drink'' |
| − | # [[Upadana|Upādāna]] ''grasping'' - ''a man or a monkey picking fruit'' | + | # [[Upadana|Upādāna]] ''[[grasping]]'' - ''a man or a {{Wiki|monkey}} picking fruit'' |
| − | # [[Bhava]] ''coming to be'' - ''a couple engaged in intercourse, a standing, leaping, or reflective person'' | + | # [[Bhava]] ''coming to be'' - ''a couple engaged in intercourse, a [[standing]], leaping, or reflective [[person]]'' |
| − | # [[Jati|Jāti]] ''being born'' - ''woman giving birth'' | + | # [[Jati|Jāti]] ''being born'' - ''woman giving [[birth]]'' |
| − | # [[Jaramarana|Jarāmaraṇa]] ''old age and [[Death]]'' - ''corpse being carried'' | + | # [[Jaramarana|Jarāmaraṇa]] ''[[old age]] and [[Death]]'' - ''corpse being carried'' |
| − | These 12 in reverse represent a total 24 spokes representing the [[Life]]-The [[Dharma|Dhamma]](Pali). | + | These 12 in reverse represent a total 24 spokes representing the [[Life]]-The [[Dharma|Dhamma]]([[Pali]]). |
| − | [[wikipedia:Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan|Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan]], who later became [[India]]'s first Vice President, described the flag as follows: | + | [[wikipedia:Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan|Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan]], who later became [[India]]'s first Vice President, described the [[flag]] as follows: |
| − | <blockquote>Bhagwa or the saffron colour denotes renunciation or disinterestedness. Our leaders must be indifferent to material gains and dedicate themselves to their work. The white in the centre is [[Light]], the path of truth to guide our conduct. The green shows our relation to (the) soil, our relation to the plant [[Life]] here, on which all other [[Life]] depends. The "Ashoka Chakra" in the centre of the white is the wheel of the law of [[Dharma]]. Truth or satya, [[Dharma]] or virtue ought to be the controlling principle of those who work under this flag. Again, the wheel denotes motion. There is [[Death]] in stagnation. There is [[Life]] in movement. [[India]] should no more resist change, it must move and go forward. The wheel represents the dynamism of a peaceful change.</blockquote> | + | <blockquote>Bhagwa or the {{Wiki|saffron}} {{Wiki|colour}} denotes [[renunciation]] or disinterestedness. Our leaders must be indifferent to material gains and dedicate themselves to their work. The white in the centre is [[Light]], the [[path]] of [[truth]] to guide our conduct. The green shows our [[relation]] to (the) soil, our [[relation]] to the plant [[Life]] here, on which all other [[Life]] depends. The "[[Ashoka Chakra]]" in the centre of the white is the [[wheel of the law]] of [[Dharma]]. [[Truth]] or [[satya]], [[Dharma]] or [[virtue]] ought to be the controlling [[principle]] of those who work under this [[flag]]. Again, the [[wheel]] denotes motion. There is [[Death]] in stagnation. There is [[Life]] in {{Wiki|movement}}. [[India]] should no more resist change, it must move and go forward. The [[wheel]] represents the dynamism of a [[peaceful]] change.</blockquote> |
{{W}} | {{W}} | ||
Revision as of 09:52, 21 November 2013
The Ashoka Chakra is a depiction of the Buddhist Dharmachakra, represented with 24 spokes. It is so called because it appears on a number of edicts of Ashoka, most prominent among which is the Lion Capital of Sarnath.
The most visible use of the Ashoka Chakra today is at the centre of the National flag of the Republic of India (adopted on 22 July 1947), where it is rendered in a Navy-blue colour on a White background, by replacing the symbol of Charkha (Spinning wheel) of the pre-independence versions of the flag.
When Buddha achieved Nirvana (Enlightenment) at Gaya, he came to Sarnath on the outskirts of Varanasi. There He found his five disciples (panch vargiya Bhikshu) Ashwajeet, Mahanaam, Kaundinya, Bhadrak and Kashyap, who had earlier abandoned him. He preached his first sermon to them, thereby promulgating the Dharmachakra. This is the motif taken up by Ashoka and portrayed on top of his pillars. This is the origin of the chakra in our flag and it asserts the strong ties of our country with the Buddhist Faith. It is also known as Bhavachakra.
However, the 12 out of 24 spokes represent the twelve casual links taught by The Buddha. The twelve causal links, paired with their corresponding symbols, are:
- Avidyā lack of knowledge - a blind person, often walking, or a person peering out
- Saṃskāra constructive volitional activity - a potter shaping a vessel or vessels
- Vijñāna consciousness - a man or a monkey grasping a fruit
- Nāmarūpa name and form (constituent elements of mental and physical existence) - two men afloat in a boat
- Ṣaḍāyatana six senses (eye, ear, nose, tongue, Body, and mind) - a dwelling with six windows
- Sparśa contact - lovers consorting, kissing, or entwined
- Vedanā pain - an arrow to the eye
- Tṛṣṇa thirst - a drinker receiving drink
- Upādāna grasping - a man or a monkey picking fruit
- Bhava coming to be - a couple engaged in intercourse, a standing, leaping, or reflective person
- Jāti being born - woman giving birth
- Jarāmaraṇa old age and Death - corpse being carried
These 12 in reverse represent a total 24 spokes representing the Life-The Dhamma(Pali).
Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, who later became India's first Vice President, described the flag as follows:
Bhagwa or the saffron colour denotes renunciation or disinterestedness. Our leaders must be indifferent to material gains and dedicate themselves to their work. The white in the centre is Light, the path of truth to guide our conduct. The green shows our relation to (the) soil, our relation to the plant Life here, on which all other Life depends. The "Ashoka Chakra" in the centre of the white is the wheel of the law of Dharma. Truth or satya, Dharma or virtue ought to be the controlling principle of those who work under this flag. Again, the wheel denotes motion. There is Death in stagnation. There is Life in movement. India should no more resist change, it must move and go forward. The wheel represents the dynamism of a peaceful change.
