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Difference between revisions of "List of bodhisattvas"

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In [[Buddhist]] [[thought]], a [[bodhisattva]] ({{Wiki|Hindi}}, {{Wiki|Devanagari}}: बोधिसत्व; [[Burmese]]: ဗောဓိသတ်;Sinhalese:බෝධිසත්ව ; {{Wiki|Chinese}}: [[菩薩]]; pinyin: púsà; [[Japanese]] pronunciation: [[bosatsu]]; [[Korean]] pronunciation: bosal; [[Vietnamese]]: bồ tát; Khmer:ពោធិសត្វ; [[Thai]]: โพธิสัตว์; [[Tibetan]]: {{BigTibetan|སངས་རྒྱས་ཀྱི་མཚན་གཤམ་གསལ།}}) is a being who is dedicated to achieving complete [[Buddhahood]]. Conventionally, the term is applied to [[beings]] with a high [[degree]] of [[enlightenment]]. [[Bodhisattva]] literally means a "[[bodhi]] ([[enlightenment]]) being" in [[Pali]] and [[Sanskrit]]. [[Mahayana]] practitioners have historically lived in many other countries that are now predominantly [[Hindu]] or {{Wiki|Muslim}}; remnants of reverence for [[bodhisattvas]] has continued in some of these regions.
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The following is a non-exhaustive list of [[bodhisattvas]] primarily respected in [[Buddhism]].
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Primary [[Bodhisattvas]]
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[[Ākāśagarbha]]
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{{Wiki|Chinese}}: [[虛空藏]]; pinyin: Xūkōngzàng; [[Japanese]] pronunciation: [[Kokūzō]]; [[Korean]]: [[허공장]]; [[Vietnamese]]: Hư Không Tạng, {{Wiki|Khmer}}: អាកាសគភ៌; [[Thai]]: พระอากาศครรภโพธิสัตว์; sinhalese:ආකාශගර්භ ;[[Tibetan]]: {{BigTibetan|[[ནམ་མཁའི་སྙིང་པོ]]}}{{BigTibetan|།}}, THL: [[Namkha'i Nyingpo]]) is a [[bodhisattva]] who is associated with the [[great element]] ([[mahābhūta]]) of [[space]] ([[ākāśa]]).
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[[Avalokiteśvara]] ([[Padmapani]])
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([[Burmese]]: လောကနတ်; {{Wiki|Chinese}}: [[觀音]]; pinyin: [[Guanyin]]; [[Japanese]] pronunciation: [[Kannon]]; [[Korean]]: [[관음]]; [[Vietnamese]]: [[Quán Thế Âm]], Khmer:អវលោកិតេស្វរៈ , អវលោកេស្វរៈ , លោកេស្វរៈ; sinhalese:අවලෝකිතේශ්වර [[Thai]]: พระอวโลกิเตศวรโพธิสัตว์; [[Sinhalese]]: [[Natha]] Deviyo; [[Tibetan]]: {{BigTibetan|[[སྤྱན་རས་གཟིགས]]}}{{BigTibetan|་}}, THL: Chenrézik)
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The [[bodhisattva of compassion]], the listener of the world's {{Wiki|cries}} who uses [[skillful means]] to come to their aid; the most universally [[acknowledged]] [[bodhisattva]] in [[Mahayana Buddhism]], also appears in [[Theravada]] and [[Vajrayana Buddhism]]. This [[bodhisattva]] gradually became identified predominantly as {{Wiki|female}} in [[East Asian Buddhism]] and its [[name]] may originally have been Avalokitāśvara.
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[[Kṣitigarbha]]
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({{Wiki|Chinese}}: [[地藏]]; pinyin: Dìzáng; [[Japanese]] pronunciation: [[Jizō]]; [[Korean]]: [[지장]]; [[Vietnamese]]: [[Địa Tạng]], {{Wiki|Khmer}}: ក្សិតិគភ៌; {{Wiki|Mongolian}}: [[Сайенинбу]]; sinhalese:කශිතිගර්භ ;[[Thai]]: [[พระกษิติครรภโพธิสัตว์]]; [[Tibetan]]: {{BigTibetan|[[ས་ཡི་སྙིང་པོ]]}}, THL: [[Sayi Nyingpo]]).
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[[Kṣitigarbha]] is a [[bodhisattva]] primarily revered in [[East Asian Buddhism]] and usually depicted as a [[Buddhist monk]]. His [[name]] may be translated as "[[Earth Treasury]]", "[[Earth Store]]", "[[Earth Matrix]]", or "[[Earth Womb]]". [[Kṣitigarbha]] is known for his [[vow]] to take {{Wiki|responsibility}} for the instruction of all [[beings]] in the [[six worlds]] between the [[death]] of [[Gautama Buddha]] and the rise of [[Maitreya]], as well as his [[vow]] not to achieve [[Buddhahood]] until all [[hells]] are emptied. He is therefore often regarded as the [[bodhisattva]] of [[hell-beings]], as well as the guardian of children and [[patron deity]] of deceased children in [[Japanese culture]].
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[[Mahāsthāmaprāpta]]
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({{Wiki|Chinese}}: [[大勢至]]; pinyin: Dàshìzhì; [[Japanese]] pronunciation: [[Daiseishi]]; [[Korean]]: 대세지; [[Vietnamese]]: [[Đại Thế Chí]]; {{Wiki|Khmer}}: មហាស្ថាមប្រាប្ត; sinhalese:මහාස්තාමප්‍රාප්ත ; [[Thai]]: พระมหาสถามปราปต์โพธิสัตว์; [[Tibetan]]: {{BigTibetan|མཐུ་ཆེན་ཐོབ}})
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[[Mahāsthāmaprāpta]] ([[Korean]]: Daeseji) is a [[mahāsattva]] representing the power of [[wisdom]], often depicted in a {{Wiki|trinity}} with [[Amitābha]] and [[Avalokiteśvara]], especially in [[Pure Land Buddhism]]. His [[name]] literally means "[[arrival of the great strength]]".
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[[Maitreya]], ([[Pali]]: [[Metteyya]])
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In some [[Buddhist texts]] such as the [[Amitabha Sutra]] and the [[Lotus Sutra]], he is referred to as [[Ajita]]. [[Burmese]]: အရိမေတ္တယျ; {{Wiki|Chinese}}: [[彌勒]]; pinyin: [[Mílè]]; [[Japanese]] pronunciation: [[Miroku]]; [[Korean]]: 미륵; [[Vietnamese]]: Di-lặc, {{Wiki|Khmer}}: សិអារ្យមេត្រី, អរិយមេត្តយ្យ; {{Wiki|Mongolian}}: Майдар, Асралт; [[Sinhalese]]: මෛත්‍රී බුදුන්; [[Thai]]: พระศรีอริยเมตไตรย; [[Tibetan]]: {{BigTibetan|[[བྱམས་པ]]}}{{BigTibetan|་}}, THL: [[Jampa]]).
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eya is regarded as the [[future buddha]]. [[Buddhist tradition]], [[Maitreya]] is a [[bodhisattva]] who will appear on [[Earth]] in the {{Wiki|future}}, achieve [[complete enlightenment]], and teach the [[pure dharma]]. According to [[scriptures]], [[Maitreya]] will be a successor to the {{Wiki|present}} [[Buddha]], [[Gautama Buddha]].[1][2] The {{Wiki|prophecy}} of the arrival of [[Maitreya]] refers to a time in the {{Wiki|future}} when the [[dharma]] will have been forgotten by most on the terrestrial [[world]]. This {{Wiki|prophecy}} is found in the [[Wikipedia:canonical|canonical]] {{Wiki|literature}} of all major [[schools of Buddhism]]. [[Maitreya]] has also been adopted for his millenarian role by many [[non-Buddhist]] [[religions]] in the {{Wiki|past}} such as the [[White Lotus]] as well as by {{Wiki|modern}} new [[religious]] movements such as [[Yiguandao]].
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[[Mañjuśrī]]
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({{Wiki|Chinese}}: [[文殊]]; pinyin: [[Wénshū]]; [[Japanese]] pronunciation: [[Monju]]; [[Korean]]: [[문수]]; [[Vietnamese]]: [[Văn Thù]], {{Wiki|Khmer}}: មញ្ចុស្រី; {{Wiki|Mongolian}}: Зөөлөн эгшигт;sinhalese:මංජුශ්‍රී ; [[Thai]]: พระมัญชุศรีโพธิสัตว์; [[Tibetan]]: {{BigTibetan|འཇམ་དཔལ་དབྱངས།}}, THL: [[Jampelyang]])
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[[Mañjuśrī]] is a [[bodhisattva]] associated with [[prajñā]] ([[transcendent wisdom]]) in [[Mahayana Buddhism]]. In [[Tibetan Buddhism]], he is also a [[yidam]]. His [[name]] means "Gentle Glory".[3] [[Mañjuśrī]] is also known by the fuller [[Sanskrit]] [[name]] of [[Mañjuśrīkumārabhūta]],[4] literally "[[Mañjuśrī]], Still a Youth" or, less literally, "{{Wiki|Prince}} [[Mañjuśrī]]".
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[[Samantabhadra]]
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{{Wiki|Chinese}}: [[普賢菩薩]]; pinyin: [[Pǔxián]]; [[Japanese]] pronunciation: [[Fugen]]; [[Korean]]: [[보현]]; [[Vietnamese]]: Phổ Hiền,Khmer: សមន្តភទ្រ; {{Wiki|Mongolian}}: Хамгаар Сайн; [[Sinhalese]]: සමන්තභද්‍ර ; [[Tibetan]]: {{BigTibetan|[[ཀུན་ཏུ་བཟང་པོ]]}}, THL: [[Küntu Zangpo]], [[Thai]]: พระสมันตภัทรโพธิสัตว์}
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[[Samantabhadra]] [[Universal Worthy]] is associated with practice and [[meditation]]. Together with the [[Buddha]] and [[Mañjuśrī]], he [[forms]] the [[Shakyamuni]] [[trinity in Buddhism]]. He is the {{Wiki|patron}} of the [[Lotus Sutra]] and, according to the [[Avatamsaka Sutra]], made the [[ten great vows]] which are the basis of a [[bodhisattva]]. In [[China]], [[Samantabhadra]] is associated with [[action]], whereas [[Mañjuśrī]] is associated with [[prajñā]]. In [[Japan]], Samantabharda is often venerated by the [[Tendai]] and in [[Shingon Buddhism]], and as the [[protector]] of the [[Lotus Sutra]] by [[Nichiren Buddhism]].
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[[Vajrapāṇi]], ([[Pali]]: Vajirapāṇi)
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({{Wiki|Chinese}}: [[金剛手]]; pinyin: Jīngāngshǒu; [[Japanese]] pronunciation: [[Kongōshu]]; [[Korean]]: 금강수; [[Vietnamese]]: [[Kim]] cương thủ, {{Wiki|Khmer}}: វជ្របាណិ; [[sinhalese]]: වජ්‍රපානි ;[[Thai]]: พระวัชรปาณีโพธิสัตว์; [[Tibetan]]: {{BigTibetan|[[ཕྱག་ན་རྡོ་རྗེ]]}}{{BigTibetan|་}}, THL: [[Chakna Dorjé]])
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[[Vajrapāṇi]] ([[Sanskrit]], "[[Vajra]] in [his] hand") is one of the earliest-appearing [[bodhisattvas]] in [[Mahayana Buddhism]]. He is the [[protector]] and guide of [[Gautama Buddha]] and rose to [[symbolize]] the [[Buddha's power]].
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[[Vajrapāṇi]] is extensively represented in [[Buddhist iconography]] as one of the three [[protective deities]] surrounding the [[Buddha]]. Each of them [[symbolizes]] one of the [[Buddha's]] [[virtues]]: [[Mañjuśrī]] [[manifests]] all the [[Buddhas]]' [[wisdom]], [[Avalokiteśvara]] [[manifests]] all the [[Buddhas]]' [[compassion]] and [[Vajrapāṇi]] [[manifests]] all the [[Buddhas]]' power as well as the power of all [[five tathāgatas]]. [[Vajrapāṇi]] is one of the earliest [[dharmapalas]] mentioned in the [[Pāli Canon]] as well as be worshiped in the [[Shaolin Monastery]], in [[Tibetan Buddhism]] and in [[Pure Land Buddhism]], where he is known as [[Mahasthamaprapta]] and [[forms]] a {{Wiki|triad}} with [[Amitābha]] and [[Avalokiteśvara]].
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[[Manifestations]] of [[Vajrapāṇi]] can also be found in many [[Buddhist temples]] in [[China]], [[Korea]] and [[Japan]] as [[dharma protectors]] called the [[Niō]] ([[仁王]]) or "[[Benevolent Kings]]". They are two [[wrathful]] and muscular guardians of the [[Buddha]] [[standing]] today at the entrance of many [[Buddhist temples]] in [[East Asian Buddhism]] and are said to be [[dharmapala]] [[manifestations]] of [[Vajrapāṇi]]. They are also seen as a [[manifestations]] of [[Mahasthamaprapta]] in [[Pure Land Buddhism]] and as [[Vajrasattva]] in [[Tibetan Buddhism]].[5] In some texts, he is also described as the [[manifestation]] of [[Sakka]], the [[ruler]] of [[Tavatimsa Devas]].[6]
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According to [[Japanese]] [[tradition]], they traveled with [[Gautama Buddha]] to {{Wiki|protect}} him, reminiscent of Vajrapāṇi's role in the [[Ambaṭṭha Sutta]] of the [[Pali Canon]]. Within the generally pacifist [[tradition]] of [[Buddhism]], stories of [[dharmapalas]] justified the use of [[physical]] force to {{Wiki|protect}} cherished values and [[beliefs]] against [[evil]]. [[Vajrapāṇi]] is also associated with [[Acala]], who is venerated as Fudō-Myō in [[Japan]], where he is serenaded as the [[holder of the vajra]].[7]
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{{Wiki|Classification}}
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[[Four Great Bodhisattvas]]
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There are several lists of four [[Bodhisattvas]] according to [[scripture]] and local [[tradition]].
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Popular [[Chinese Buddhism]] generally lists the following, as they are associated with the [[Four Sacred Mountains]]:
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[[Avalokiteśvara]]
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[[Kṣitigarbha]]
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[[Mañjuśrī]]
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[[Samantabhadra]]
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The [[Womb Realm Mandala]] of [[Esoteric Buddhism]] provides another {{Wiki|enumeration}}. These [[bodhisattvas]] are featured in the Eight Petal Hall in the center of the [[mandala]]. They are as follows:
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[[Samantabhadra]]
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[[Mañjuśrī]]
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[[Avalokiteśvara]]
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[[Maitreya]]
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The [[Avataṃsaka Sūtra]] mentions [[four bodhisattvas]], each of whom expounds a portion of the Fifty-two Stages of [[Bodhisattva Practice]].
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Dharmaprajñā
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Guṇavana
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[[Vajraketu]]
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[[Vajragarbha]]
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The [[Lotus Sutra]] provides a list of [[bodhisattvas]] that are the leaders of the [[Bodhisattvas of the Earth]].
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Viśiṣṭacāritra
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Anantacāritra
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Viśuddhacāritra
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Supratiṣṭhitacāritra
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Five [[Great Bodhisattvas]]
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[[Chapter]] 7 of the Humane [[King]] [[Sutra]] provides an {{Wiki|enumeration}} of five [[bodhisattvas]], known as the "Five [[Bodhisattvas]] of Great Power (五大力菩薩)." There are two {{Wiki|Chinese}} translations of this text, each providing an entirely different [[name]] to these figures. Their association with the [[cardinal directions]] also differs between versions.[8] They are as follows:
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Old translation (Kumaravija) [[Direction]] [[New translation]] ([[Amoghavajra]]) [[Direction]]
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無量力吼 [[West]] [[Vajrapāramitā]] (金剛波羅蜜多) Central
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雷電吼 [[North]] Vajrayakṣa (金剛夜叉) [[North]]
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無畏方吼 [[East]] [[Vajratīkṣṇa]] ([[金剛利]]) [[West]]
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龍王吼 [[South]] [[Vajraratna]] ([[金剛宝]]) [[South]]
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金剛吼 Central [[Vajrapāṇi]] ([[金剛手]]) [[East]]
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Ten [[Bodhisattvas]]
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Main article: Ten [[Bodhisattas]]
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Ten [[Bodhisattas]] refer to ten [[future Buddhas]] as successors of [[Shakyamuni]] ([[Gautama]]) [[Buddha]], in the following order.They are introduced as:
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"Metteyyo Uttamo Rāmo, Paseno Kosalobibū, Dīghasoṇīca Caṅkīca, Subo, [[Todeyya]] Brahmano. Nāḷāgirī Pālileyyo, Bhodhisatthā imedasa anukkamena sabhodiṁ, pāpuṇissanti nāgate".
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The [[noble]] [[Maitreya Buddha]]
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[[King]] Uttararama
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[[King Pasenadi of Kosala]]
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[[Abhibhū]]
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Dīghasoṇī
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Caṅkī (Candanī)
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[[Subha]]
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A [[Brahmin]] named, [[Todeyya]]
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An [[elephant]] named, Nāḷāgirī
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The [[king]] of [[elephants]], named Pālileyya
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Sixteen [[Bodhisattvas]]
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The [[Niṣpannayogāvalī]] provides a list of [[bodhisattvas]] known as the "Sixteen Honored Ones of the [[Auspicious]] [[Aeon]]." They also appear in a [[Sutra]] with the same title ([[賢劫十六尊]]). They are as follows, along with their respective associated [[directions]]:
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[[East]] [[South West]] [[North]]
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[[Maitreya]]
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Amoghadarśana
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Sarvāpāyajaha
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Sarvaśokatamonirghātana
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[[Gandhahastin]]
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Śauraya
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[[Gaganagañja]]
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Jñānaketu
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[[Amitaprabha]]
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[[Bhadrapāla]]
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Jālinīprabha
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[[Candraprabha]]
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[[Akṣayamati]]
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Pratibhānakūṭa
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[[Vajragarbha]]
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[[Samantabhadra]]
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Another set of sixteen are known as the "Sixteen [[Great Bodhisattvas]]" and make up a portion of the [[Diamond Realm Mandala]]. They are associated with the [[Buddhas]] of the [[cardinal directions]].
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[[Akṣobhya]]
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([[East]]) [[Ratnasaṃbhava]]
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([[South]]) [[Amitābha]]
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([[West]]) [[Amoghasiddhi]]
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([[North]])
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[[Vajrasattva]]
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[[Vajrarāga]]
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[[Vajrarāja]]
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[[Vajrasādhu]]
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[[Vajraratna]]
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[[Vajraketu]]
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[[Vajrateja]]
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Vajrahāsa
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[[Vajradharma]]
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[[Vajrahetu]]
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[[Vajratīkṣṇa]]
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[[Vajrabhāṣa]]
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[[Vajrakarma]]
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Vajrayakṣa
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[[Vajrarakṣa]]
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[[Vajrasaṃdhi]]
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Twenty-five [[Bodhisattvas]]
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According to the [[Sūtra]] on Ten [[Methods]] of [[Rebirth]] in [[Amitābha Buddha's]] Land (十往生阿彌陀佛國經), those [[people]] who are devoted to [[attaining]] [[rebirth]] in the [[Western Pure Land]] are protected by a great number of [[bodhisattvas]]. Twenty-five of them are given by [[name]]:
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[[Avalokiteśvara]]
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[[Mahāsthāmaprāpta]]
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[[Bhaiṣajyarāja]]
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[[Bhaiṣajyasamudgata]]
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[[Samantabhadra]]
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[[Dharmeśvara]]
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[[Siṃhanāda]]
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[[Dhāraṇī]]
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[[Ākāśagarbha]]
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Guṇagarbha
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[[Ratnagarbha]]
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[[Vajragarbha]]
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[[Vajra]]
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Girisāgaramati
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Raśmiprabharāja
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Avataṃsakarāja
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Gaṇaratnarāja
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Candraprabharāja
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Divākararāja
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[[Samādhirāja]]
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Samādhīśvararāja
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Maheśvararāja
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Śuklahastarāja
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Mahātejarāja
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Anantakāya
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Misc
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[[Padmasambhāva]]
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[[Tibetan]]: {{BigTibetan|[[པདྨ་འབྱུང་གནས]]}}{{BigTibetan|།}}, THL: [[Pemajungné]], {{Wiki|Mongolian}}: [[ловон Бадмажунай]], {{Wiki|Chinese}}: 莲花生大士; pinyin: [[Liánhuāshēng]]
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[[Padmasambhāva]] "[[Lotus-Born]]", also known as [[Guru Rinpoche]], is a {{Wiki|literary}} [[character]] of [[terma]],[10] an [[emanation]] of [[Amitābha]] that is said to appear to [[tertöns]] in [[visionary]] encounters and a focus of [[Tibetan Buddhist]] practice, particularly in the [[Nyingma school]].
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[[Sangharama]]
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({{Wiki|Chinese}}: [[伽藍]]; pinyin: Qiélán; [[Vietnamese]]: [[Già Lam]])
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Only revered in [[Chinese Buddhism]] and [[Taoism]], [[Sangharama]] refer to a group of [[devas]] who guard [[viharas]] and the [[faith]], but the title is usually referring to the legendary {{Wiki|Chinese}} {{Wiki|military}} general [[Guan Yu]], who became a [[dharmapala]] through becoming a [[Buddhist]] and [[making vows]].
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[[Sitātapatrā]]
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({{Wiki|Chinese}}: 白傘蓋佛頂; pinyin: Bái Sǎngài Fúdǐng; [[Japanese]] pronunciation: [[Byakusangai]] [[Butchō]]; [[Korean]]: 시타타파트라), [[Tibetan]]: {{BigTibetan|གདུགས་དཀར།}}, {{Wiki|Mongolian}}: Цагаан шүхэрт)
 +
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[[Sitātapatrā]] "the [[White Parasol]]"[11] is a [[protector]] against [[supernatural]] [[danger]]. She is venerated in both [[Mahayana]] and [[Vajrayana traditions]]. She is also known as [[Uṣṇīṣa]] [[Sitatapatra]]. [[Sitātapatrā]] is a powerful {{Wiki|independent}} [[deity]] as she was emanated by [[Gautama Buddha]] from his [[uṣṇīṣa]]. Whoever practices her [[mantra]] will be [[reborn]] in [[Amitābha's]] [[pure land]] as well as gaining [[protection]] against [[supernatural]] [[danger]] and [[black magic]].
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[[Skanda]]
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{{Wiki|Chinese}}: [[韋馱]]; pinyin: Wéituó; [[Japanese]] pronunciation: Idaten; [[Korean]]: 위타천; [[Vietnamese]]: Vi Đà, [[Tibetan]]: {{BigTibetan|གདོང་དྲུག་}}, THL: Dongdruk, {{Wiki|Mongolian}}: Арван Хоёр Нууд) [[Skanda]] is regarded as a devoted guardian of [[viharas]] and the [[Buddhist teachings]]. He is the leader of the twenty-four [[celestial]] [[guardian deities]] mentioned in the [[Golden Light Sutra]]. In {{Wiki|Chinese}} [[temples]], [[Skanda]] faces the statue of the [[Buddha]] in the main [[shrine]]. In others, he is on the far right of the main [[shrine]], whereas on the left is his counterpart, [[Sangharama]], personified as the historical general [[Guan Yu]]. In {{Wiki|Chinese}} [[sutras]], his image is found at the end of the [[sutra]], a reminder of his [[vow]] to {{Wiki|protect}} and preserve the teachings.
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Supuṣpacandra
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Mentioned in [[Shantideva's]] [[Bodhisattvacaryāvatāra]].
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[[Sūryaprabha]]
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(Ch: [[日光]], Rìguāng, Kr. Ilgwang, Jp: [[Nikkō]]) One of two attendants of [[Bhaisajyaguru]], together with [[Candraprabha]].
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[[Candraprabha]]
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(Ch: [[月光]], Yuèguāng, Kr. Wolgwang, Jp: [[Gakkō]]) One of two attendants of [[Bhaisajyaguru]], together with [[Sūryaprabha]].
 +
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[[Tara]]
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(Ch. 多羅, Duō luó) [[Female bodhisattva]], or set of [[bodhisattvas]], in [[Tibetan Buddhism]]. She represents the [[virtues]] of [[success]] in work and achievements. Also a [[manifestation]] of [[Avalokiteśvara]].
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[[Vasudhārā]]
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[[Vasudhārā]] whose [[name]] means "{{Wiki|stream}} of [[gems]]" in [[Sanskrit]], is the [[bodhisattva]] of [[wealth]], [[prosperity]], and abundance. She is popular in many [[Buddhist]] countries and is a [[subject]] in [[Buddhist]] {{Wiki|legends}} and [[art]]. Originally an [[Indian]] [[bodhisattva]], her [[popularity]] has spread to [[Theravadin]] countries. Her [[popularity]], however, peaks in [[Nepal]], where she has a strong following among the [[Buddhist]] [[Newars]] of the [[Kathmandu Valley]] and is thus a central figure in [[Newar Buddhism]].[12] She is named Shiskar [[Apa]] in Lahul and {{Wiki|Spiti}}.
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[[Agnidatta]]
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Ākāṅkṣitamukha
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Amoghadarśin
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[[Anantamati]]
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Anantapratibhāna
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Anantavikrāmin
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Anārambaṇadhyāyin
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Anikṣiptadhura
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Aniñjya
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[[Anupalipta]]
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[[Anupamamati]]
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Aśokadatta, [[bodhisattva]] of the [[south]]
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Āśvāsahasta
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[[Bhadrapāla]]
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[[Bhadraśrī]]
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[[Brahmajāla]]
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Bhaiṣajyasena
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[[Buddhaghoṣa]]
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[[Buddhiśrī]]
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Candrabhānu
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Candra­śrī
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Candrasūryatrailokyadhārin
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Caryamati, [[bodhisattva]] of the [[west]]
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Daśa­śataraśmihutārci (or Daśaśataraśmikṛtārci)
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[[Devarāja]]
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Dhācaṅiṁdhara
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[[Dhanaśrī]]
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Dharaṇīdhara
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Dharaṇīṃdhara
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Dharaṇīśvararāja
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[[Dharmadhara]]
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[[Dharmaketu]]
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[[Dharmakṣema]]
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[[Dharmamati]]
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Dharmavyūha
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[[Dharmeśvara]]
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Dhṛtiparipūrna
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Dundubhisvara
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[[Gadgadasvara]]
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Gajagandhahastin
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Gambhī­raghoṣasvaranā­dita
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[[Gandhahastin]]
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Guhyagupta
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Harisiṃha
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[[Indrajāla]]
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Jālinīprabha
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[[Jayadatta]], [[bodhisattva]] of the [[north]]
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[[Jayamati]]
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Jñānadarśana
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[[Jñānagarbha]]
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[[Jñānākara]]
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Jñānamati
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Jñānaprabha
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Jñāna­śrī
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Jyotirasa
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Kṣetralaṃkṛta
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Lakṣaṇakūṭasamatikrānta
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Lakṣaṇasamalaṁkṛta
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Mahā­brahmā­śaṅku
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Mahā­ghoṣasvararāja
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Mahā­karuṇā­candrin
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[[Mahāmati]]
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[[Mahāmeru]]
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Mahāpratibhāna
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Mahāvikrāmin
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[[Mahāvyūha]]
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Maṇicūḍa
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Maṇiratnacchattra
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Mārajit
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Mārapramardin
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Megharāja
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[[Meru]]
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[[Merudhvaja]]
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Merukūṭa
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Merupradīparāja
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Merurāja
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Meru­śikharadhara
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Meru­śikharasaṁghaṭṭanarāja
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Merusvara
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Nakṣatrarāja
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Nakṣatrarājasaṃkusumitābhijña
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[[Nārāyaṇa]]
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Nityaprahasitapramuditendriya
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[[Nityodyukta]]
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Nityotkaṇṭhita
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Nityotkṣiptahasta
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Nityotpalakṛtahasta
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Pradānaśūra
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[[Padmagarbha]]
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Padmanetra
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[[Padmapāṇi]], [[bodhisattva]] of the [[southeast]]
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Padmaśrī
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Padmaśrīgarbha
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Padmavyūha
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Padmottara, [[bodhisattva]] of the [[nadir]]
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Prabhāketu
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Prabhāvyūha
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[[Prabhūtaratna]]
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Prajdākūṭa
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Prajñākūta
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Pralānaśūra
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Prāmodyarāja
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Praṇidhiprayātaprāpta
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Praśāntacāritramati
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Pratibhānakūṭa
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Pratisaṃvitpraṇādaprāpta
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Pratisaṃvitprāpta
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Pṛthivīvaralocana
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Pūrṇacandra
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Ratiṁkara
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[[Ratnacandra]]
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Ratnacūḍa
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Ratnadhvaja
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Ratnadvīpa
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[[Ratnagarbha]]
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Ratnajaha
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Ratnajāli
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[[Ratnākara]]
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[[Ratnaketu]]
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[[Ratnakūṭa]]
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Ratnamudrā­hasta
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Ratnamukuṭa
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Ratnananda
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Ratnapāṇi
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[[Ratnaprabha]]
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Ratnaprabhāsa
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Ratnasaṁbhava
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Ratnaśikhara
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[[Ratnaśrī]]
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Ratnayaṣṭi
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Ratnavara, [[bodhisattva]] of the [[northwest]]
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Ratnavīra
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Ratnavyūha
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Ratnayaṣṭin
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Ratnolkā­dhārin
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Sadāparibhūta, one of [[Śākyamuni's]] [[past lives]]
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[[Sāgaramati]]
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Sahacittotpādadharmacakrapravartin
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Śaila­śikharasaṃghaṭṭanarāja
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Samadarśin
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Samādhigarbha
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Samādhivikurvaṇarāja
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Samantacandra
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[[Samantacāritramati]]
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[[Samantanetra]]
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[[Samantaprabha]], [[bodhisattva]] of the [[east]]
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Samantaprāsā­dika
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Samanteryapatha
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Samatā­vihā­rin
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Samaviṣamadarśin
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Sarvabhayahara
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Sarvamalā­pagata
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Sarvamaṅgaladhārin
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[[Sarvanīvaraṇaviṣkambhin]]
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Sarvapuṇyalakṣaṇadhārin
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Sarvārthanāman
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Sarvasattvapriyadarśana
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Sarvaśūra
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Sarvatīrthamaṅgaladhārin
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Satatamabhayaṁdad (or Satatamabhayaṁdadāna)
 +
Satatasamitābhiyukta
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Satatodyukta
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[[Siṃha]]
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Siṃhaketu
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Siṃhaghoṣābhigarjita­śvara
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Siṃhamati
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Siṁhanādanādin
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Siṁhavikrī­ḍita
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Siddhārthamati
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Śrī­garbha
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Śubhagarbha
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Śubhakanakaviśuddhiprabha
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Śubhavimalagarbha
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[[Sujāta]]
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[[Sumati]]
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[[Sumeru]]
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Supratiṣṭhitabuddhi
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Sūryagarbha
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[[Sūryaprabha]], [[bodhisattva]] of the [[southwest]]
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Suvarnacūḍa
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Suvarṇagarbha
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Suvikrāntamati
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Svaraviśuddhiprabha
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Svaravyūha
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[[Tathāgatagarbha]]
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Trailokyarikrāmin
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[[Uṣṇīṣavijayā]]
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[[Uttaramati]]
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[[Vairocana]]
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Vairocanarāśmipratimaṅḍitadhvajarājan
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[[Vajragarbha]]
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[[Vajramati]]
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[[Vajrasena]]
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Vardamānamati
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{{Wiki|Varuṇa}}
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[[Vidyuddeva]]
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Vidyutdeva
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Vijayavikrāmin, [[bodhisattva]] of the [[northeast]]
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Vikurvaṇarāja
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[[Vimalagarbha]]
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[[Vimalanetra]]
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Vimukticandra
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Vi­śālanetra
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Viśeṣamati
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Vyūharāja
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'''[[Akasagarbha]]'''
 
'''[[Akasagarbha]]'''
  
−
(Ch. 虛空藏　, Xu Kong Zang, Kr. Huh Gong Zang, Jp. [[Kokuzo]]) - The [[Bodhisattva]] of [[infinite]] [[happiness]] generated by helping countless numbers of [[sentient beings]].
+
(Ch. [[虛空藏]]　, [[Xu Kong Zang]], Kr. [[Huh Gong Zang]], Jp. [[Kokuzo]]) - The [[Bodhisattva]] of [[infinite]] [[happiness]] generated by helping countless numbers of [[sentient beings]].
  
 
'''[[Avalokitesvara]]'''
 
'''[[Avalokitesvara]]'''
  
−
(Ch. [[觀音]]　, [[Guan Yin]], Kr. Guan Um, Jp. [[Kannon]], Tib. [[Chenrezig]], Viet. Quán Thế Âm) - The [[bodhisattva]] of [[compassion]], the listener of the world's cries who uses [[skillful means]] to come to their aid; the most universally [[acknowledged]] [[Bodhisattva]] in [[Mahayana Buddhism]]. Known as [[Guan Yin]] in {{Wiki|East Asia}}, [[Chenrezig]] in [[Tibet]], and Migjid Janraisig in [[Mongolia]].
+
(Ch. [[觀音]]　, [[Guan Yin]], Kr. [[Guan Um]], Jp. [[Kannon]], Tib. [[Chenrezig]], Viet. [[Quán Thế Âm]]) - The [[bodhisattva]] of [[compassion]], the listener of the world's {{Wiki|cries}} who uses [[skillful means]] to come to their aid; the most universally [[acknowledged]] [[Bodhisattva]] in [[Mahayana Buddhism]]. Known as [[Guan Yin]] in {{Wiki|East Asia}}, [[Chenrezig]] in [[Tibet]], and [[Migjid Janraisig]] in [[Mongolia]].
  
 
'''[[Baba]] Saheb'''
 
'''[[Baba]] Saheb'''
  
−
Param Pujya Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar is regarded as a [[Bodhisattva]] by [[Indian]] [[Buddhist]] [[Bhikkus]] and by millions of other [[Buddhists]].
+
[[Param]] Pujya Dr. [[Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar]] is regarded as a [[Bodhisattva]] by [[Indian]] [[Buddhist]] [[Bhikkus]] and by millions of other [[Buddhists]].
  
 
'''[[Ksitigarbha]]'''
 
'''[[Ksitigarbha]]'''
  
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(Ch. 地藏　, Di Zang, Kr. Ji Zang, Jp. [[Jizo]], Tib. Sai Nyingpo, Viet. 'Địa Tạng). The [[bodhisattva]] of the [[beings]] [[suffering]] in hellish [[realms]], or the [[bodhisattva]] of great [[vows]].
+
(Ch. [[地藏]]　, [[Di Zang]], Kr. [[Ji Zang]], Jp. [[Jizo]], Tib. [[Sai Nyingpo]], Viet. '[[Địa Tạng]]). The [[bodhisattva]] of the [[beings]] [[suffering]] in hellish [[realms]], or the [[bodhisattva]] of great [[vows]].
  
 
'''[[Mahasthamaprapta]]'''
 
'''[[Mahasthamaprapta]]'''
  
−
(Ch. 大勢至, Da Shì Zhì, Kr. Dae Sae Zhi, Jp. [[Seishi]], Viet. Đại Thế Chí) - Represents the [[power]] of [[wisdom]], seen on the left of [[Amitabha]] in [[Pure Land Buddhism]].
+
(Ch. [[大勢至]], [[Da Shì Zhì]], Kr. [[Dae Sae Zhi]], Jp. [[Seishi]], Viet. [[Đại Thế Chí]]) - Represents the [[power]] of [[wisdom]], seen on the left of [[Amitabha]] in [[Pure Land Buddhism]].
  
 
'''[[Maitreya]]'''
 
'''[[Maitreya]]'''
  
−
(Ch. [[彌勒]]　, Mi Le, Kr. Mi Ruk, Jp. [[Miroku]], Viet. Di Lạc) - The [[bodhisattva]] to be [[reborn]] and to become [[enlightened]], thus succeeding [[Gautama Buddha]] in the future. Known for his benevolence.
+
(Ch. [[彌勒]]　, [[Mi Le]], Kr. [[Mi Ruk]], Jp. [[Miroku]], Viet. [[Di Lạc]]) - The [[bodhisattva]] to be [[reborn]] and to become [[enlightened]], thus succeeding [[Gautama Buddha]] in the {{Wiki|future}}. Known for his [[benevolence]].
  
 
'''[[Manjusri]]'''
 
'''[[Manjusri]]'''
 
[[File:3532ges.jpg|thumb|250px|]]
 
[[File:3532ges.jpg|thumb|250px|]]
−
(Ch. 文殊　, Wen Shu, Kr. {{Wiki|Moon}} Soo, Jp. [[Monju]], Tib. Jampal Yang, Viet. Văn Thù) - [[Bodhisattva]] of keen [[awareness]] and [[wisdom]].
+
(Ch. [[文殊]]　, [[Wen Shu]], Kr. {{Wiki|Moon}} Soo, Jp. [[Monju]], Tib. [[Jampal Yang]], Viet. [[Văn Thù]]) - [[Bodhisattva]] of keen [[awareness]] and [[wisdom]].
  
 
'''[[Nagarjuna]]'''
 
'''[[Nagarjuna]]'''
  
−
(Ch. 龍樹, Long Shu, Viet. Long Thọ) - The founder of the [[Madhyamaka]] ([[Middle Path]]) school of [[Mahāyāna Buddhism]].
+
(Ch. [[龍樹]], [[Long Shu]], Viet. [[Long Thọ]]) - The founder of the [[Madhyamaka]] ([[Middle Path]]) school of [[Mahāyāna Buddhism]].
  
 
'''[[Niō]]'''
 
'''[[Niō]]'''
  
−
Two wrath-filled and muscular guardians of the [[Buddha]], standing today at the entrance of many [[Buddhist]] [[temples]] in [[Japan]] and [[Korea]] under the appearance of frightening wrestler-like [[statues]]. They are [[manifestations]] of the [[Bodhisattva]] [[Vajrapani]].
+
Two wrath-filled and muscular guardians of the [[Buddha]], [[standing]] today at the entrance of many [[Buddhist]] [[temples]] in [[Japan]] and [[Korea]] under the [[appearance]] of frightening wrestler-like [[statues]]. They are [[manifestations]] of the [[Bodhisattva]] [[Vajrapani]].
  
 
'''[[Padmasambhava]]'''
 
'''[[Padmasambhava]]'''
  
−
(Ch. 蓮華生上師, Lianhuasheng Shang Shi, Tib. [[Padma]] Jungne or [[Guru Rinpoche]]) - Most associated with [[Tibetan Buddhism]] and {{Wiki|Bhutanese}} [[Buddhism]]. The [[Nyingma school]] regards [[Padmasambhava]] as a second [[Buddha]].
+
(Ch. [[蓮華生上師]], [[Lianhuasheng Shang Shi]], Tib. [[Padma]] Jungne or [[Guru Rinpoche]]) - Most associated with [[Tibetan Buddhism]] and {{Wiki|Bhutanese}} [[Buddhism]]. The [[Nyingma school]] regards [[Padmasambhava]] as a second [[Buddha]].
  
 
'''[[Samantabhadra]]'''
 
'''[[Samantabhadra]]'''
  
−
(Ch. 普賢　, Pu Xian, Kr. Bo Hyun, Jp. [[Fugen]], Tib. Kuntu Zangpo, Viet. Phổ Hiền) - Represents the practice and [[meditation]] of all [[Buddhas]].
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(Ch. [[普賢]]　, [[Pu Xian]], Kr. [[Bo Hyun]], Jp. [[Fugen]], Tib. [[Kuntu Zangpo]], Viet. [[Phổ Hiền]]) - Represents the practice and [[meditation]] of all [[Buddhas]].
  
−
'''Sangharama'''
+
'''[[Sangharama]]'''
  
−
(Ch. 伽藍, Qie Lan, Viet. Già Lam) - Only revered in {{Wiki|Chinese}} Buddhism-Taoism, Sangharama refer to a group of [[devas]] who guard [[Buddhist]] [[monasteries]] and the [[faith]], but the title is usually referring to the legendary {{Wiki|Chinese}} military general [[Guan Yu]], who became a [[Dharmapala]] through becoming a [[Buddhist]] and making [[vows]].
+
(Ch. [[伽藍]], [[Qie Lan]], Viet. [[Già Lam]]) - Only revered in {{Wiki|Chinese}} Buddhism-Taoism, [[Sangharama]] refer to a group of [[devas]] who guard [[Buddhist]] [[monasteries]] and the [[faith]], but the title is usually referring to the legendary {{Wiki|Chinese}} {{Wiki|military}} general [[Guan Yu]], who became a [[Dharmapala]] through becoming a [[Buddhist]] and making [[vows]].
  
 
'''[[Shantideva]]'''
 
'''[[Shantideva]]'''
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'''[[Sitatapatra]]'''
 
'''[[Sitatapatra]]'''
  
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The [[goddess]] of the White [[Parasol]] and protector against [[supernatural]] [[danger]].
+
The [[goddess]] of the White [[Parasol]] and [[protector]] against [[supernatural]] [[danger]].
  
 
'''[[Skanda]]'''
 
'''[[Skanda]]'''
  
−
(Ch. 韋馱, [[Wei Tuo]]) - A [[Dharmapala]] who guards the [[Dharma]], with links to [[Vajrapani]] and is somewhat the direct forbear to Murugan, a [[Hindu]] [[deity]]. Primarily worshipped in [[Chinese Buddhism]].
+
(Ch. [[韋馱]], [[Wei Tuo]]) - A [[Dharmapala]] who guards the [[Dharma]], with links to [[Vajrapani]] and is somewhat the direct forbear to [[Murugan]], a [[Hindu]] [[deity]]. Primarily worshipped in [[Chinese Buddhism]].
  
 
'''[[Supushpachandra]]'''
 
'''[[Supushpachandra]]'''
  
−
Mentioned in Shantideva's A Guide to the [[Bodhisattva's]] Way Of [[Life]]
+
Mentioned in [[Shantideva's]] A Guide to the [[Bodhisattva's]] Way Of [[Life]]
  
−
'''Suryavairocana'''
+
'''[[Suryavairocana]]'''
  
−
(Ch: 日光, Ri Guang, Kr. Il Guang, Jp: [[Nikkō]]) - One of two attendants of [[Bhaisajyaguru Buddha]].
+
(Ch: [[日光]], [[Ri Guang]], Kr. [[Il Guang]], Jp: [[Nikkō]]) - One of two attendants of [[Bhaisajyaguru Buddha]].
  
 
'''[[Tara]]'''
 
'''[[Tara]]'''
  
−
(Ch. 度母, Du Mu) - {{Wiki|Female}} [[bodhisattva]], or set of [[bodhisattvas]], in [[Tibetan Buddhism]]. She represents the [[virtues]] of success in work and achievements. Also a [[manifestation]] of [[Avalokitesvara]].
+
(Ch. [[度母]], [[Du Mu]]) - {{Wiki|Female}} [[bodhisattva]], or set of [[bodhisattvas]], in [[Tibetan Buddhism]]. She represents the [[virtues]] of [[success]] in work and achievements. Also a [[manifestation]] of [[Avalokitesvara]].
  
 
'''[[Vajrapani]]'''
 
'''[[Vajrapani]]'''
  
−
(Ch. 金剛手, Jin Gang Shou, Kr. Kum Kang Soo, Jp.Shukongojin, Tib. [[Channa]] [[Dorje]]) - An early [[bodhisattva]] in [[Mahayana]].
+
(Ch. [[金剛手]], [[Jin Gang Shou]], Kr. [[Kum Kang Soo]], Jp.Shukongojin, Tib. [[Channa]] [[Dorje]]) - An early [[bodhisattva]] in [[Mahayana]].
  
 
'''[[Vasudhara]]'''
 
'''[[Vasudhara]]'''
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[[Category:Bodhisattva's]]
 
[[Category:Bodhisattva's]]
 
[[Category:Bodhisattva's]]
 
[[Category:Bodhisattva's]]
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[[Category:Buddhism]]
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{{R}}
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[[Category:Buddhist Terms]]
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[[Category:Buddhism]]
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[[Category:Tibetan Buddhism]]
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[[Category:Buddhist Terms]]
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[[Category:Deities]]

Revision as of 06:49, 18 September 2023

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In Buddhist thought, a bodhisattva (Hindi, Devanagari: बोधिसत्व; Burmese: ဗောဓိသတ်;Sinhalese:බෝධිසත්ව ; Chinese: 菩薩; pinyin: púsà; Japanese pronunciation: bosatsu; Korean pronunciation: bosal; Vietnamese: bồ tát; Khmer:ពោធិសត្វ; Thai: โพธิสัตว์; Tibetan: སངས་རྒྱས་ཀྱི་མཚན་གཤམ་གསལ།) is a being who is dedicated to achieving complete Buddhahood. Conventionally, the term is applied to beings with a high degree of enlightenment. Bodhisattva literally means a "bodhi (enlightenment) being" in Pali and Sanskrit. Mahayana practitioners have historically lived in many other countries that are now predominantly Hindu or Muslim; remnants of reverence for bodhisattvas has continued in some of these regions.

The following is a non-exhaustive list of bodhisattvas primarily respected in Buddhism.


Primary Bodhisattvas


Ākāśagarbha


Chinese: 虛空藏; pinyin: Xūkōngzàng; Japanese pronunciation: Kokūzō; Korean: 허공장; Vietnamese: Hư Không Tạng, Khmer: អាកាសគភ៌; Thai: พระอากาศครรภโพธิสัตว์; sinhalese:ආකාශගර්භ ;Tibetan: ནམ་མཁའི་སྙིང་པོ།, THL: Namkha'i Nyingpo) is a bodhisattva who is associated with the great element (mahābhūta) of space (ākāśa).


Avalokiteśvara (Padmapani)


(Burmese: လောကနတ်; Chinese: 觀音; pinyin: Guanyin; Japanese pronunciation: Kannon; Korean: 관음; Vietnamese: Quán Thế Âm, Khmer:អវលោកិតេស្វរៈ , អវលោកេស្វរៈ , លោកេស្វរៈ; sinhalese:අවලෝකිතේශ්වර Thai: พระอวโลกิเตศวรโพธิสัตว์; Sinhalese: Natha Deviyo; Tibetan: སྤྱན་རས་གཟིགས་, THL: Chenrézik)

The bodhisattva of compassion, the listener of the world's cries who uses skillful means to come to their aid; the most universally acknowledged bodhisattva in Mahayana Buddhism, also appears in Theravada and Vajrayana Buddhism. This bodhisattva gradually became identified predominantly as female in East Asian Buddhism and its name may originally have been Avalokitāśvara.


Kṣitigarbha


(Chinese: 地藏; pinyin: Dìzáng; Japanese pronunciation: Jizō; Korean: 지장; Vietnamese: Địa Tạng, Khmer: ក្សិតិគភ៌; Mongolian: Сайенинбу; sinhalese:කශිතිගර්භ ;Thai: พระกษิติครรภโพธิสัตว์; Tibetan: ས་ཡི་སྙིང་པོ, THL: Sayi Nyingpo).


Kṣitigarbha is a bodhisattva primarily revered in East Asian Buddhism and usually depicted as a Buddhist monk. His name may be translated as "Earth Treasury", "Earth Store", "Earth Matrix", or "Earth Womb". Kṣitigarbha is known for his vow to take responsibility for the instruction of all beings in the six worlds between the death of Gautama Buddha and the rise of Maitreya, as well as his vow not to achieve Buddhahood until all hells are emptied. He is therefore often regarded as the bodhisattva of hell-beings, as well as the guardian of children and patron deity of deceased children in Japanese culture.


Mahāsthāmaprāpta


(Chinese: 大勢至; pinyin: Dàshìzhì; Japanese pronunciation: Daiseishi; Korean: 대세지; Vietnamese: Đại Thế Chí; Khmer: មហាស្ថាមប្រាប្ត; sinhalese:මහාස්තාමප්‍රාප්ත ; Thai: พระมหาสถามปราปต์โพธิสัตว์; Tibetan: མཐུ་ཆེན་ཐོབ)

Mahāsthāmaprāpta (Korean: Daeseji) is a mahāsattva representing the power of wisdom, often depicted in a trinity with Amitābha and Avalokiteśvara, especially in Pure Land Buddhism. His name literally means "arrival of the great strength".


Maitreya, (Pali: Metteyya)


In some Buddhist texts such as the Amitabha Sutra and the Lotus Sutra, he is referred to as Ajita. Burmese: အရိမေတ္တယျ; Chinese: 彌勒; pinyin: Mílè; Japanese pronunciation: Miroku; Korean: 미륵; Vietnamese: Di-lặc, Khmer: សិអារ្យមេត្រី, អរិយមេត្តយ្យ; Mongolian: Майдар, Асралт; Sinhalese: මෛත්‍රී බුදුන්; Thai: พระศรีอริยเมตไตรย; Tibetan: བྱམས་པ་, THL: Jampa).

eya is regarded as the future buddha. Buddhist tradition, Maitreya is a bodhisattva who will appear on Earth in the future, achieve complete enlightenment, and teach the pure dharma. According to scriptures, Maitreya will be a successor to the present Buddha, Gautama Buddha.[1][2] The prophecy of the arrival of Maitreya refers to a time in the future when the dharma will have been forgotten by most on the terrestrial world. This prophecy is found in the canonical literature of all major schools of Buddhism. Maitreya has also been adopted for his millenarian role by many non-Buddhist religions in the past such as the White Lotus as well as by modern new religious movements such as Yiguandao.


Mañjuśrī


(Chinese: 文殊; pinyin: Wénshū; Japanese pronunciation: Monju; Korean: 문수; Vietnamese: Văn Thù, Khmer: មញ្ចុស្រី; Mongolian: Зөөлөн эгшигт;sinhalese:මංජුශ්‍රී ; Thai: พระมัญชุศรีโพธิสัตว์; Tibetan: འཇམ་དཔལ་དབྱངས།, THL: Jampelyang)

Mañjuśrī is a bodhisattva associated with prajñā (transcendent wisdom) in Mahayana Buddhism. In Tibetan Buddhism, he is also a yidam. His name means "Gentle Glory".[3] Mañjuśrī is also known by the fuller Sanskrit name of Mañjuśrīkumārabhūta,[4] literally "Mañjuśrī, Still a Youth" or, less literally, "Prince Mañjuśrī".


Samantabhadra


Chinese: 普賢菩薩; pinyin: Pǔxián; Japanese pronunciation: Fugen; Korean: 보현; Vietnamese: Phổ Hiền,Khmer: សមន្តភទ្រ; Mongolian: Хамгаар Сайн; Sinhalese: සමන්තභද්‍ර ; Tibetan: ཀུན་ཏུ་བཟང་པོ, THL: Küntu Zangpo, Thai: พระสมันตภัทรโพธิสัตว์}


Samantabhadra Universal Worthy is associated with practice and meditation. Together with the Buddha and Mañjuśrī, he forms the Shakyamuni trinity in Buddhism. He is the patron of the Lotus Sutra and, according to the Avatamsaka Sutra, made the ten great vows which are the basis of a bodhisattva. In China, Samantabhadra is associated with action, whereas Mañjuśrī is associated with prajñā. In Japan, Samantabharda is often venerated by the Tendai and in Shingon Buddhism, and as the protector of the Lotus Sutra by Nichiren Buddhism.


Vajrapāṇi, (Pali: Vajirapāṇi)


(Chinese: 金剛手; pinyin: Jīngāngshǒu; Japanese pronunciation: Kongōshu; Korean: 금강수; Vietnamese: Kim cương thủ, Khmer: វជ្របាណិ; sinhalese: වජ්‍රපානි ;Thai: พระวัชรปาณีโพธิสัตว์; Tibetan: ཕྱག་ན་རྡོ་རྗེ་, THL: Chakna Dorjé)

Vajrapāṇi (Sanskrit, "Vajra in [his] hand") is one of the earliest-appearing bodhisattvas in Mahayana Buddhism. He is the protector and guide of Gautama Buddha and rose to symbolize the Buddha's power.


Vajrapāṇi is extensively represented in Buddhist iconography as one of the three protective deities surrounding the Buddha. Each of them symbolizes one of the Buddha's virtues: Mañjuśrī manifests all the Buddhas' wisdom, Avalokiteśvara manifests all the Buddhas' compassion and Vajrapāṇi manifests all the Buddhas' power as well as the power of all five tathāgatas. Vajrapāṇi is one of the earliest dharmapalas mentioned in the Pāli Canon as well as be worshiped in the Shaolin Monastery, in Tibetan Buddhism and in Pure Land Buddhism, where he is known as Mahasthamaprapta and forms a triad with Amitābha and Avalokiteśvara.


Manifestations of Vajrapāṇi can also be found in many Buddhist temples in China, Korea and Japan as dharma protectors called the Niō (仁王) or "Benevolent Kings". They are two wrathful and muscular guardians of the Buddha standing today at the entrance of many Buddhist temples in East Asian Buddhism and are said to be dharmapala manifestations of Vajrapāṇi. They are also seen as a manifestations of Mahasthamaprapta in Pure Land Buddhism and as Vajrasattva in Tibetan Buddhism.[5] In some texts, he is also described as the manifestation of Sakka, the ruler of Tavatimsa Devas.[6]


According to Japanese tradition, they traveled with Gautama Buddha to protect him, reminiscent of Vajrapāṇi's role in the Ambaṭṭha Sutta of the Pali Canon. Within the generally pacifist tradition of Buddhism, stories of dharmapalas justified the use of physical force to protect cherished values and beliefs against evil. Vajrapāṇi is also associated with Acala, who is venerated as Fudō-Myō in Japan, where he is serenaded as the holder of the vajra.[7]


Classification


Four Great Bodhisattvas


There are several lists of four Bodhisattvas according to scripture and local tradition.

Popular Chinese Buddhism generally lists the following, as they are associated with the Four Sacred Mountains:

Avalokiteśvara

Kṣitigarbha

Mañjuśrī

Samantabhadra


The Womb Realm Mandala of Esoteric Buddhism provides another enumeration. These bodhisattvas are featured in the Eight Petal Hall in the center of the mandala. They are as follows:

Samantabhadra Mañjuśrī Avalokiteśvara Maitreya


The Avataṃsaka Sūtra mentions four bodhisattvas, each of whom expounds a portion of the Fifty-two Stages of Bodhisattva Practice.


Dharmaprajñā

Guṇavana

Vajraketu

Vajragarbha


The Lotus Sutra provides a list of bodhisattvas that are the leaders of the Bodhisattvas of the Earth.


Viśiṣṭacāritra

Anantacāritra

Viśuddhacāritra

Supratiṣṭhitacāritra

Five Great Bodhisattvas


Chapter 7 of the Humane King Sutra provides an enumeration of five bodhisattvas, known as the "Five Bodhisattvas of Great Power (五大力菩薩)." There are two Chinese translations of this text, each providing an entirely different name to these figures. Their association with the cardinal directions also differs between versions.[8] They are as follows:


Old translation (Kumaravija) Direction New translation (Amoghavajra) Direction


無量力吼 West Vajrapāramitā (金剛波羅蜜多) Central

雷電吼 North Vajrayakṣa (金剛夜叉) North

無畏方吼 East Vajratīkṣṇa (金剛利) West

龍王吼 South Vajraratna (金剛宝) South

金剛吼 Central Vajrapāṇi (金剛手) East


Ten Bodhisattvas


Main article: Ten Bodhisattas


Ten Bodhisattas refer to ten future Buddhas as successors of Shakyamuni (Gautama) Buddha, in the following order.They are introduced as:

"Metteyyo Uttamo Rāmo, Paseno Kosalobibū, Dīghasoṇīca Caṅkīca, Subo, Todeyya Brahmano. Nāḷāgirī Pālileyyo, Bhodhisatthā imedasa anukkamena sabhodiṁ, pāpuṇissanti nāgate".


The noble Maitreya Buddha

King Uttararama

King Pasenadi of Kosala

Abhibhū

Dīghasoṇī

Caṅkī (Candanī)

Subha A Brahmin named, Todeyya

An elephant named, Nāḷāgirī

The king of elephants, named Pālileyya


Sixteen Bodhisattvas


The Niṣpannayogāvalī provides a list of bodhisattvas known as the "Sixteen Honored Ones of the Auspicious Aeon." They also appear in a Sutra with the same title (賢劫十六尊). They are as follows, along with their respective associated directions:


East South West North


Maitreya Amoghadarśana Sarvāpāyajaha Sarvaśokatamonirghātana Gandhahastin Śauraya Gaganagañja Jñānaketu Amitaprabha Bhadrapāla Jālinīprabha Candraprabha Akṣayamati Pratibhānakūṭa Vajragarbha Samantabhadra


Another set of sixteen are known as the "Sixteen Great Bodhisattvas" and make up a portion of the Diamond Realm Mandala. They are associated with the Buddhas of the cardinal directions.


Akṣobhya (East) Ratnasaṃbhava (South) Amitābha (West) Amoghasiddhi (North) Vajrasattva Vajrarāga Vajrarāja Vajrasādhu Vajraratna Vajraketu Vajrateja Vajrahāsa Vajradharma Vajrahetu Vajratīkṣṇa Vajrabhāṣa Vajrakarma Vajrayakṣa Vajrarakṣa Vajrasaṃdhi


Twenty-five Bodhisattvas


According to the Sūtra on Ten Methods of Rebirth in Amitābha Buddha's Land (十往生阿彌陀佛國經), those people who are devoted to attaining rebirth in the Western Pure Land are protected by a great number of bodhisattvas. Twenty-five of them are given by name:

Avalokiteśvara Mahāsthāmaprāpta Bhaiṣajyarāja Bhaiṣajyasamudgata Samantabhadra Dharmeśvara Siṃhanāda Dhāraṇī Ākāśagarbha Guṇagarbha Ratnagarbha Vajragarbha Vajra Girisāgaramati Raśmiprabharāja Avataṃsakarāja Gaṇaratnarāja Candraprabharāja Divākararāja Samādhirāja Samādhīśvararāja Maheśvararāja Śuklahastarāja Mahātejarāja Anantakāya Misc Padmasambhāva


Tibetan: པདྨ་འབྱུང་གནས།, THL: Pemajungné, Mongolian: ловон Бадмажунай, Chinese: 莲花生大士; pinyin: Liánhuāshēng

Padmasambhāva "Lotus-Born", also known as Guru Rinpoche, is a literary character of terma,[10] an emanation of Amitābha that is said to appear to tertöns in visionary encounters and a focus of Tibetan Buddhist practice, particularly in the Nyingma school.


Sangharama


(Chinese: 伽藍; pinyin: Qiélán; Vietnamese: Già Lam)

Only revered in Chinese Buddhism and Taoism, Sangharama refer to a group of devas who guard viharas and the faith, but the title is usually referring to the legendary Chinese military general Guan Yu, who became a dharmapala through becoming a Buddhist and making vows.


Sitātapatrā


(Chinese: 白傘蓋佛頂; pinyin: Bái Sǎngài Fúdǐng; Japanese pronunciation: Byakusangai Butchō; Korean: 시타타파트라), Tibetan: གདུགས་དཀར།, Mongolian: Цагаан шүхэрт)

Sitātapatrā "the White Parasol"[11] is a protector against supernatural danger. She is venerated in both Mahayana and Vajrayana traditions. She is also known as Uṣṇīṣa Sitatapatra. Sitātapatrā is a powerful independent deity as she was emanated by Gautama Buddha from his uṣṇīṣa. Whoever practices her mantra will be reborn in Amitābha's pure land as well as gaining protection against supernatural danger and black magic.


Skanda


Chinese: 韋馱; pinyin: Wéituó; Japanese pronunciation: Idaten; Korean: 위타천; Vietnamese: Vi Đà, Tibetan: གདོང་དྲུག་, THL: Dongdruk, Mongolian: Арван Хоёр Нууд) Skanda is regarded as a devoted guardian of viharas and the Buddhist teachings. He is the leader of the twenty-four celestial guardian deities mentioned in the Golden Light Sutra. In Chinese temples, Skanda faces the statue of the Buddha in the main shrine. In others, he is on the far right of the main shrine, whereas on the left is his counterpart, Sangharama, personified as the historical general Guan Yu. In Chinese sutras, his image is found at the end of the sutra, a reminder of his vow to protect and preserve the teachings.


Supuṣpacandra

Mentioned in Shantideva's Bodhisattvacaryāvatāra.


Sūryaprabha


(Ch: 日光, Rìguāng, Kr. Ilgwang, Jp: Nikkō) One of two attendants of Bhaisajyaguru, together with Candraprabha.


Candraprabha


(Ch: 月光, Yuèguāng, Kr. Wolgwang, Jp: Gakkō) One of two attendants of Bhaisajyaguru, together with Sūryaprabha.


Tara


(Ch. 多羅, Duō luó) Female bodhisattva, or set of bodhisattvas, in Tibetan Buddhism. She represents the virtues of success in work and achievements. Also a manifestation of Avalokiteśvara.


Vasudhārā


Vasudhārā whose name means "stream of gems" in Sanskrit, is the bodhisattva of wealth, prosperity, and abundance. She is popular in many Buddhist countries and is a subject in Buddhist legends and art. Originally an Indian bodhisattva, her popularity has spread to Theravadin countries. Her popularity, however, peaks in Nepal, where she has a strong following among the Buddhist Newars of the Kathmandu Valley and is thus a central figure in Newar Buddhism.[12] She is named Shiskar Apa in Lahul and Spiti.


Agnidatta Ākāṅkṣitamukha Amoghadarśin Anantamati Anantapratibhāna Anantavikrāmin Anārambaṇadhyāyin Anikṣiptadhura Aniñjya Anupalipta Anupamamati Aśokadatta, bodhisattva of the south Āśvāsahasta Bhadrapāla Bhadraśrī Brahmajāla Bhaiṣajyasena Buddhaghoṣa Buddhiśrī Candrabhānu Candra­śrī


Candrasūryatrailokyadhārin

Caryamati, bodhisattva of the west

Daśa­śataraśmihutārci (or Daśaśataraśmikṛtārci)

Devarāja

Dhācaṅiṁdhara

Dhanaśrī

Dharaṇīdhara

Dharaṇīṃdhara

Dharaṇīśvararāja

Dharmadhara

Dharmaketu

Dharmakṣema

Dharmamati

Dharmavyūha

Dharmeśvara

Dhṛtiparipūrna

Dundubhisvara

Gadgadasvara

Gajagandhahastin

Gambhī­raghoṣasvaranā­dita

Gandhahastin

Guhyagupta

Harisiṃha

Indrajāla

Jālinīprabha

Jayadatta, bodhisattva of the north

Jayamati

Jñānadarśana

Jñānagarbha Jñānākara

Jñānamati

Jñānaprabha

Jñāna­śrī Jyotirasa

Kṣetralaṃkṛta

Lakṣaṇakūṭasamatikrānta

Lakṣaṇasamalaṁkṛta

Mahā­brahmā­śaṅku

Mahā­ghoṣasvararāja Mahā­karuṇā­candrin Mahāmati Mahāmeru Mahāpratibhāna Mahāvikrāmin Mahāvyūha Maṇicūḍa Maṇiratnacchattra Mārajit Mārapramardin Megharāja Meru Merudhvaja Merukūṭa Merupradīparāja Merurāja Meru­śikharadhara Meru­śikharasaṁghaṭṭanarāja Merusvara Nakṣatrarāja Nakṣatrarājasaṃkusumitābhijña Nārāyaṇa Nityaprahasitapramuditendriya Nityodyukta Nityotkaṇṭhita Nityotkṣiptahasta Nityotpalakṛtahasta Pradānaśūra Padmagarbha Padmanetra Padmapāṇi, bodhisattva of the southeast Padmaśrī Padmaśrīgarbha Padmavyūha Padmottara, bodhisattva of the nadir Prabhāketu Prabhāvyūha Prabhūtaratna Prajdākūṭa Prajñākūta Pralānaśūra Prāmodyarāja Praṇidhiprayātaprāpta Praśāntacāritramati Pratibhānakūṭa Pratisaṃvitpraṇādaprāpta Pratisaṃvitprāpta Pṛthivīvaralocana Pūrṇacandra Ratiṁkara Ratnacandra Ratnacūḍa Ratnadhvaja Ratnadvīpa Ratnagarbha Ratnajaha Ratnajāli Ratnākara Ratnaketu Ratnakūṭa Ratnamudrā­hasta Ratnamukuṭa Ratnananda Ratnapāṇi Ratnaprabha Ratnaprabhāsa Ratnasaṁbhava Ratnaśikhara Ratnaśrī Ratnayaṣṭi Ratnavara, bodhisattva of the northwest Ratnavīra Ratnavyūha Ratnayaṣṭin Ratnolkā­dhārin Sadāparibhūta, one of Śākyamuni's past lives Sāgaramati Sahacittotpādadharmacakrapravartin Śaila­śikharasaṃghaṭṭanarāja Samadarśin Samādhigarbha Samādhivikurvaṇarāja Samantacandra Samantacāritramati Samantanetra Samantaprabha, bodhisattva of the east Samantaprāsā­dika Samanteryapatha Samatā­vihā­rin Samaviṣamadarśin Sarvabhayahara Sarvamalā­pagata Sarvamaṅgaladhārin Sarvanīvaraṇaviṣkambhin Sarvapuṇyalakṣaṇadhārin Sarvārthanāman Sarvasattvapriyadarśana Sarvaśūra Sarvatīrthamaṅgaladhārin Satatamabhayaṁdad (or Satatamabhayaṁdadāna) Satatasamitābhiyukta Satatodyukta Siṃha Siṃhaketu Siṃhaghoṣābhigarjita­śvara Siṃhamati Siṁhanādanādin Siṁhavikrī­ḍita Siddhārthamati Śrī­garbha Śubhagarbha Śubhakanakaviśuddhiprabha Śubhavimalagarbha Sujāta Sumati Sumeru Supratiṣṭhitabuddhi Sūryagarbha Sūryaprabha, bodhisattva of the southwest Suvarnacūḍa Suvarṇagarbha Suvikrāntamati Svaraviśuddhiprabha Svaravyūha Tathāgatagarbha Trailokyarikrāmin Uṣṇīṣavijayā Uttaramati Vairocana Vairocanarāśmipratimaṅḍitadhvajarājan Vajragarbha Vajramati Vajrasena Vardamānamati Varuṇa Vidyuddeva Vidyutdeva Vijayavikrāmin, bodhisattva of the northeast Vikurvaṇarāja Vimalagarbha Vimalanetra Vimukticandra Vi­śālanetra Viśeṣamati Vyūharāja





Akasagarbha

(Ch. 虛空藏　, Xu Kong Zang, Kr. Huh Gong Zang, Jp. Kokuzo) - The Bodhisattva of infinite happiness generated by helping countless numbers of sentient beings.

Avalokitesvara

(Ch. 觀音　, Guan Yin, Kr. Guan Um, Jp. Kannon, Tib. Chenrezig, Viet. Quán Thế Âm) - The bodhisattva of compassion, the listener of the world's cries who uses skillful means to come to their aid; the most universally acknowledged Bodhisattva in Mahayana Buddhism. Known as Guan Yin in East Asia, Chenrezig in Tibet, and Migjid Janraisig in Mongolia.

Baba Saheb

Param Pujya Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar is regarded as a Bodhisattva by Indian Buddhist Bhikkus and by millions of other Buddhists.

Ksitigarbha

(Ch. 地藏　, Di Zang, Kr. Ji Zang, Jp. Jizo, Tib. Sai Nyingpo, Viet. 'Địa Tạng). The bodhisattva of the beings suffering in hellish realms, or the bodhisattva of great vows.

Mahasthamaprapta

(Ch. 大勢至, Da Shì Zhì, Kr. Dae Sae Zhi, Jp. Seishi, Viet. Đại Thế Chí) - Represents the power of wisdom, seen on the left of Amitabha in Pure Land Buddhism.

Maitreya

(Ch. 彌勒　, Mi Le, Kr. Mi Ruk, Jp. Miroku, Viet. Di Lạc) - The bodhisattva to be reborn and to become enlightened, thus succeeding Gautama Buddha in the future. Known for his benevolence.

Manjusri

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(Ch. 文殊　, Wen Shu, Kr. Moon Soo, Jp. Monju, Tib. Jampal Yang, Viet. Văn Thù) - Bodhisattva of keen awareness and wisdom.

Nagarjuna

(Ch. 龍樹, Long Shu, Viet. Long Thọ) - The founder of the Madhyamaka (Middle Path) school of Mahāyāna Buddhism.

Niō

Two wrath-filled and muscular guardians of the Buddha, standing today at the entrance of many Buddhist temples in Japan and Korea under the appearance of frightening wrestler-like statues. They are manifestations of the Bodhisattva Vajrapani.

Padmasambhava

(Ch. 蓮華生上師, Lianhuasheng Shang Shi, Tib. Padma Jungne or Guru Rinpoche) - Most associated with Tibetan Buddhism and Bhutanese Buddhism. The Nyingma school regards Padmasambhava as a second Buddha.

Samantabhadra

(Ch. 普賢　, Pu Xian, Kr. Bo Hyun, Jp. Fugen, Tib. Kuntu Zangpo, Viet. Phổ Hiền) - Represents the practice and meditation of all Buddhas.

Sangharama

(Ch. 伽藍, Qie Lan, Viet. Già Lam) - Only revered in Chinese Buddhism-Taoism, Sangharama refer to a group of devas who guard Buddhist monasteries and the faith, but the title is usually referring to the legendary Chinese military general Guan Yu, who became a Dharmapala through becoming a Buddhist and making vows.

Shantideva

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8th century scholar, wrote about Bodhisattvas.

Sitatapatra

The goddess of the White Parasol and protector against supernatural danger.

Skanda

(Ch. 韋馱, Wei Tuo) - A Dharmapala who guards the Dharma, with links to Vajrapani and is somewhat the direct forbear to Murugan, a Hindu deity. Primarily worshipped in Chinese Buddhism.

Supushpachandra

Mentioned in Shantideva's A Guide to the Bodhisattva's Way Of Life

Suryavairocana

(Ch: 日光, Ri Guang, Kr. Il Guang, Jp: Nikkō) - One of two attendants of Bhaisajyaguru Buddha.

Tara

(Ch. 度母, Du Mu) - Female bodhisattva, or set of bodhisattvas, in Tibetan Buddhism. She represents the virtues of success in work and achievements. Also a manifestation of Avalokitesvara.

Vajrapani

(Ch. 金剛手, Jin Gang Shou, Kr. Kum Kang Soo, Jp.Shukongojin, Tib. Channa Dorje) - An early bodhisattva in Mahayana.

Vasudhara

Bodhisattva of abundance and fertility. Popular in Nepal.



Source

encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com

Source

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